Tale about a fisherman and a fish. The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish

An old man lived with his old woman
By the very blue sea;
They lived in a dilapidated dugout
Exactly thirty years and three years.
The old man was fishing with a net,
The old woman was spinning her yarn.
Once he cast a net into the sea,
The net came with one slime.
He threw a seine another time,
A seine came with sea grass.
For the third time he threw a net, -
A seine came with one fish,
With a difficult fish - gold.
How the goldfish will beg!
He says in a human voice:
“Let me go, old man, into the sea,
Dear for myself, I will give a ransom:
I'll buy whatever you want."
The old man was surprised, frightened:
He fished for thirty years and three years
And I never heard the fish speak.
He released the goldfish
And he said to her a kind word:
“God be with you, goldfish!
I don't need your ransom;
Step into the blue sea
Walk there for yourself in the open."

The old man returned to the old woman,
He told her a great miracle.
“Today I caught a fish,
Goldfish, not simple;
In our opinion, the fish spoke,
The blue asked for a home in the sea,
Paid off at a high price:
I bought whatever I wanted.
I did not dare to take a ransom from her;
So he let her into the blue sea.
The old woman scolded the old man:
"You fool, you fool!
You did not know how to take a ransom from a fish!
If only you took a trough from her,
Ours is completely broken."

So he went to the blue sea;
He sees that the sea is slightly roaring.
A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"
"Have mercy, sovereign fish,
My old woman scolded me
Does not give the old man peace:
She needs a new trough;
Ours is completely broken."
The goldfish replies:
You will have a new trough."
The old man returned to the old woman,
The old woman has a new trough.
The old woman scolds even more:
"You fool, you fool!
Begged, fool, trough!
Is there a lot of self-interest in the trough?
Come back, fool, you are to the fish;
Bow to her, ask for a hut already.

So he went to the blue sea,
You will have a new trough."
The old man returned to the old woman,
He began to call a goldfish,
"What do you want, old man?"
“Have mercy, empress fish!
The old woman scolds even more,
Does not give the old man peace:
A grumpy woman asks for a hut.
The goldfish replies:
"Do not be sad, go with God,
So be it: you will already have a hut.
He went to his dugout,
And there is no trace of the dugout;
In front of him is a hut with a lamp,
With a brick, bleached pipe,
With oak, plank gates.
The old woman sits under the window,
On what light is the husband scolds.
"You fool, you straight-forward fool!
Begged, simpleton, a hut!
Come back, bow to the fish:
I don't want to be a black peasant
I want to be a noblewoman."

The old man went to the blue sea;
(The blue sea is not calm.)
A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"
The old man replies to her with a bow:
“Have mercy, empress fish!
More than ever, the old woman freaked out,
Does not give the old man peace:
She doesn't want to be a peasant
Wants to be a pillar noblewoman.
The goldfish replies:
"Do not be sad, go with God."

The old man turned to the old woman.
What does he see? High tower.
On the porch stands his old woman
In an expensive sable shower jacket,
Brocade on the top of the kichka,
Pearls weighed down the neck,
On the hands of gold rings,
On her feet are red boots.
Before her are zealous servants;
She beats them, drags them by the chuprun.
The old man says to his old woman:
“Hello, mistress madam noblewoman!
Tea, now your darling is satisfied.
The old woman yelled at him
She sent him to serve at the stable.

Here's a week, another one goes by
The old woman fumed even more:
Again he sends the old man to the fish.
“Come back, bow to the fish:
I don't want to be a pillar noblewoman,
And I want to be a free queen.
The old man was frightened, he begged:
“What are you, woman, overeating with henbane?
You can't step, you can't speak,
You will make the whole kingdom laugh."
The old woman got more angry,
She hit her husband on the cheek.
"How dare you, man, argue with me,
With me, a pillar noblewoman? —
Go to the sea, they tell you with honor,
If you don’t go, they will lead you involuntarily.”

The old man went to the sea
(The blue sea turned black.)
He began to call the goldfish.
A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"
The old man replies to her with a bow:
“Have mercy, empress fish!
Again my old woman rebels:
She no longer wants to be a noblewoman,
Wants to be a free queen.
The goldfish replies:
“Do not be sad, go with God!
Good! the old woman will be queen!

The old man returned to the old woman.
Well? before him are the royal chambers.
In the wards he sees his old woman,
She sits at the table like a queen,
Boyars and nobles serve her,
They pour her overseas wines;
She eats a printed gingerbread;
Around her stands a formidable guard,
They hold axes on their shoulders.
As the old man saw, he was frightened!
He bowed at the feet of the old woman,
He said: “Hello, formidable queen!
Well, now your darling is satisfied.
The old woman did not look at him,
She only ordered him to be driven out of sight.
The boyars and nobles ran up,
They pushed the old man in.
And at the door, the guard ran up,
I almost chopped it off with axes.
And the people laughed at him:
“To serve you, old ignoramus!
Henceforth you, ignoramus, science:
Don't get in your sleigh!"

Here's a week, another one goes by
The old woman fumed even more:
He sends courtiers for her husband,
They found the old man, brought him to her.
The old woman says to the old man:
“Come back, bow to the fish.
I don't want to be a free queen
I want to be the mistress of the sea,
To live for me in the Okiyane-sea,
To serve me a goldfish
And I would have been on the parcels.

The old man did not dare to argue,
He did not dare to speak across the word.
Here he goes to the blue sea,
He sees a black storm on the sea:
So angry waves swelled,
So they walk, so they howl and howl.
He began to call the goldfish.
A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"
The old man replies to her with a bow:
“Have mercy, empress fish!
What am I to do with the damn woman?
She doesn't want to be queen
Wants to be the mistress of the sea;
To live for her in the Okiyane-sea,
For you to serve her
And she would have been on the parcels.
The fish didn't say anything.
Just splashed her tail on the water
And she went into the deep sea.
For a long time by the sea he waited for an answer,
I did not wait, I returned to the old woman -
Look: again in front of him is a dugout;
On the threshold sits his old woman,
And in front of her is a broken trough.

Analysis of "The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish" by Pushkin

"The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish" is the simplest and most instructive of all Pushkin's fairy tales. He wrote it in 1833 in Boldino. The poet took one of the tales of the Brothers Grimm as a basis, but seriously reworked it in the spirit of Russian national traditions.

The main meaning of the fairy tale about the golden fish is to condemn human greed. Pushkin shows that this negative quality is inherent in all people, regardless of material or social status. In the center of the plot is a poor old man and an old woman who have lived by the sea all their lives. Despite the fact that both worked hard, they never amassed any fortune. The old man continues to fish for food, and the old woman sits for "her yarn" all day long. Pushkin does not give reasons, but the poor old people do not have children, or they left their parents long ago. This further increases their suffering, since they have no one else to rely on.

The old man is often left without a catch, but one day luck smiles at him. The net brings a magical goldfish, which in exchange for freedom offers the old man to fulfill his every desire. Even poverty is not capable of destroying the feelings of kindness and compassion in an old man. He just releases the fish, saying "God is with you."

Quite different feelings are born in the soul of an old woman at the news of her husband's catch. She lashes out at him with a furious curse, accusing the old man of stupidity. But she herself, apparently, does not fully believe in the magic promise, since she only asks for a new trough to check.

After the fulfillment of the desire, the old woman enters the taste. Her appetite is inflamed, and each time she sends the old man with more requests. Moreover, the wretchedness of the thinking of a person whose whole life was spent in poverty becomes noticeable. She is not smart enough to immediately ask, for example, for a lot of money, which would save the old man from constant appeals to the fish for a long time. The old woman gradually asks for a new home, nobility, royal power. The highest limit of dreams for her is the desire to become a sea queen.

The old man resignedly fulfills every wish of the old woman. He feels guilty before her for all the years of a joyless life. At the same time, he is ashamed in front of the fish, which does not show dissatisfaction with new requests. Rybka feels sorry for the old man, she understands his dependence on the old woman. But the last crazy desire brings her patience to the end. She does not punish the old woman who has gone mad with greed, but simply returns everything to a broken trough.

For the old man, this is even the best way out, since he again becomes the master in his house. And the old woman learned a serious lesson. For the rest of her short life, she will remember how, because of greed, she destroyed with her own hands the power and wealth floating into her hands.

Listen to the Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish

An old man lived with his old woman
By the very blue sea;
They lived in a dilapidated dugout
Exactly thirty years and three years.
The old man was fishing with a net,
The old woman was spinning her yarn.
Once he threw a net into the sea, -
The net came with one slime.
He threw a seine another time,
A seine came with sea grass.
For the third time he threw a net, -
A seine came with one fish,
With a difficult fish - gold.
How the goldfish will beg!
He says in a human voice:
“Let me go, old man, into the sea,
Dear for myself, I will give a ransom:
I'll buy whatever you want."
The old man was surprised, frightened:
He fished for thirty years and three years
And I never heard the fish speak.
He released the goldfish
And he said to her a kind word:
“God be with you, goldfish!
I don't need your ransom;

Step into the blue sea
Walk there for yourself in the open."
The old man returned to the old woman,
He told her a great miracle.
“Today I caught a fish,
Goldfish, not simple;
In our opinion, the fish spoke,
The blue asked for a home in the sea,
Paid off at a high price:
I bought whatever I wanted.
I did not dare to take a ransom from her;
So he let her into the blue sea.
The old woman scolded the old man:
"You fool, you fool!
You did not know how to take a ransom from a fish!
If only you took a trough from her,
Ours is completely broken."

So he went to the blue sea;
He sees that the sea is slightly raging.

A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"

"Have mercy, sovereign fish,
My old woman scolded me
Does not give the old man peace:
She needs a new trough;
Ours is completely broken."
The goldfish replies:

You will have a new trough."
The old man returned to the old woman,
The old woman has a new trough.
The old woman scolds even more:
"You fool, you fool!
Begged, fool, trough!
Is there a lot of self-interest in the trough?
Come back, fool, you are to the fish;
Bow to her, ask for a hut already.

So he went to the blue sea,
(The blue sea is cloudy.)
He began to call a goldfish,

"What do you want, old man?"

“Have mercy, empress fish!
The old woman scolds even more,
Does not give the old man peace:
A grumpy woman asks for a hut.
The goldfish replies:
"Do not be sad, go with God,
So be it: you will already have a hut.
He went to his dugout,
And there is no trace of the dugout;
In front of him is a hut with a lamp,
With a brick, bleached pipe,
With oak, plank gates.
The old woman sits under the window,
On what light is the husband scolds.
"You fool, you straight-forward fool!
Begged, simpleton, a hut!
Come back, bow to the fish:
I don't want to be a black peasant
I want to be a noblewoman."

The old man went to the blue sea;
(The blue sea is not calm.)

A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"
The old man replies to her with a bow:
“Have mercy, empress fish!
More than ever, the old woman freaked out,
Does not give the old man peace:
She doesn't want to be a peasant
Wants to be a pillar noblewoman.
The goldfish replies:
"Do not be sad, go with God."

The old man turned to the old woman.
What does he see? High tower.
On the porch stands his old woman
In an expensive sable shower jacket,
Brocade on the top of the kichka,
Pearls weighed down the neck,
On the hands of gold rings,
On her feet are red boots.
Before her are zealous servants;
She beats them, drags them by the chuprun.
The old man says to his old woman:
“Hello, mistress madam noblewoman!
Tea, now your darling is satisfied.
The old woman yelled at him
She sent him to serve at the stable.

Here's a week, another one goes by
The old woman fumed even more:
Again he sends the old man to the fish.
“Come back, bow to the fish:
I don't want to be a pillar noblewoman,
And I want to be a free queen.
The old man was frightened, he begged:
“What are you, woman, overeating with henbane?
You can't step, you can't speak,
You will make the whole kingdom laugh."
The old woman got more angry,
She hit her husband on the cheek.
"How dare you, man, argue with me,
With me, a pillar noblewoman? -
Go to the sea, they tell you with honor,
If you don’t go, they will lead you involuntarily.”

The old man went to the sea
(The blue sea turned black.)
He began to call the goldfish.
A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"
The old man replies to her with a bow:
“Have mercy, empress fish!
Again my old woman rebels:

She no longer wants to be a noblewoman,
Wants to be a free queen.
The goldfish replies:
“Do not be sad, go with God!
Good! the old woman will be queen!
The old man returned to the old woman.
Well? before him are the royal chambers.
In the wards he sees his old woman,
She sits at the table like a queen,
Boyars and nobles serve her,
They pour her overseas wines;
She eats a printed gingerbread;
Around her stands a formidable guard,
They hold axes on their shoulders.
As the old man saw, he was frightened!
He bowed at the feet of the old woman,
He said: “Hello, formidable queen!
Well, now your darling is satisfied.
The old woman did not look at him,
She only ordered him to be driven out of sight.
The boyars and nobles ran up,
They pushed the old man in.
And at the door, the guard ran up,
I almost chopped it off with axes.
And the people laughed at him:
“To serve you, old ignoramus!
Henceforth you, ignoramus, science:
Don't get in your sleigh!"

Here's a week, another one goes by
The old woman fumed even more:
He sends courtiers for her husband,
They found the old man, brought him to her.
The old woman says to the old man:
“Come back, bow to the fish.
I don't want to be a free queen
I want to be the mistress of the sea,
To live for me in the Okiyane-sea,
To serve me a goldfish
And I would have been on the parcels.

The old man did not dare to argue,
He did not dare to speak across the word.
Here he goes to the blue sea,
He sees a black storm on the sea:
So angry waves swelled,
So they walk, so they howl and howl.
He began to call the goldfish.
A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"
The old man replies to her with a bow:
“Have mercy, empress fish!
What am I to do with the damn woman?
She doesn't want to be queen
Wants to be the mistress of the sea;
To live for her in the Okiyane-sea,
For you to serve her
And she would have been on the parcels.
The fish didn't say anything.
Just splashed her tail on the water
And she went into the deep sea.
For a long time by the sea he waited for an answer,
I did not wait, I returned to the old woman -
Look: again in front of him is a dugout;
On the threshold sits his old woman,
And in front of her is a broken trough.

Orthodox explanation of the Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish. Monk Konstantin Sabelnikov

The old man (mind) with the old woman (heart) lived by the sea for 33 years. This means that a person lived a conscious life (lived in mind and heart) and became ready to believe in the Lord Jesus Christ, who died and rose again at the age of 33.
The old woman spun yarn - in this life, each person, with his thoughts, words and deeds, creates for himself a moral state of the soul, which will be her clothes in eternity.
The old man was fishing - every person seeks his own good in earthly life.
Once he first pulled out a net with mud and grass, and then with a goldfish - one day a person understands the temporality of temporary life, and this helps him to believe in eternity and in God.
Fish is an ancient symbol of Christ, and gold is a symbol of grace. Rybka asked to be released, although she did not need it, because she had power even over the fate of people - the Lord calls a person to show mercy to someone, and it brings them closer to God, opens the heart to faith in Him.
The old woman made the old man first of all ask for a trough - a person, having come to faith, begins spiritual life with the cleansing of his conscience from sins. Ap. Peter told the believing Jews: "Repent, and let each of you be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of sins ..." (). Unbelieving people do not have such means and do not know how to ease their conscience.
The old woman scolds the old man and calls him a "fool", because a person acts according to the dictates of the heart and, as La Rochefoucauld said, the mind is always a fool at the heart. When the old man went to ask for a trough, the sea broke out - because God is not pleased when a person who believes in Him wants not to serve Him, but to use Him for their own personal goals, even good ones.
Having received a new trough, the old woman did not thank the fish, but sent the old man with another request - believers rarely sincerely thank God for the fact that He makes it possible to be cleansed from sins in the sacrament of Confession. Having begun church life, they, as a rule, begin to ask God for health and well-being in the family and at work (a new hut).
Then the old woman demanded to be a noblewoman and a queen - a person begins to ask God for something that serves to satisfy vanity and pride (in this case, lust for power). The Lord sometimes allows a person to receive what he asks, so that, while receiving, he would grow in faith in God, and then, having known his passions, he would begin to fight with them and, for the sake of God, give up what feeds them.
When the old woman became a noblewoman, she began to beat the servants, because when a person receives honor and glory and feeds his vanity with them, his heart hardens towards people. She hit an old man who tried to argue with her - because when the passion of vanity intensifies, it dominates the mind of a person more strongly.
The old woman demanded to become a queen - from the desire for fame, a person passes to the desire for power. The old woman demanded power over the goldfish - Abba Dorotheos says that pride before people leads to pride before God.
The old man could not understand that his main problem was the character of the grandmother. He had to ask the goldfish to change the old woman, but he only complained about her. So a person must understand with his mind that his main problem is the passions of the heart, and, having come to faith, he must not only confess his sins (complain against the old woman), but ask God to change his heart.
The fairy tale shows what happens to people who try to change their lives, but not themselves, with the help of God. At first, their life really improves, but then they serve not God, but their passions, although they themselves do not notice this. If a person does not fight passions, then they fight him. The Lord said: “He who does not gather with Me, he squanders” (). Abba Dorotheos said that in the spiritual life a person cannot stand still, he becomes either worse or better. There is no third. Because of pride, a person is left with nothing. Over time, he still loses earthly blessings: with retirement or due to illness, he loses his position, influence on people. Having lost these benefits, he understands that, having received a lot in this life for a while, he did not receive the most important thing - he did not become different.

Mikhail Semyonovich Kazinik, violinist, lecturer-musicologist, teacher, writer-publicist:

Ask any philologist teacher at school what Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin's tale about the fisherman and the fish is about? Everyone will say: "This tale is about a greedy old woman who was left with nothing."
My good, another stupidity! It is Pushkin who will waste time condemning another greedy old woman! This is a tale of love. About the unconditional love of an old man. It is easy to love a beautiful, generous, intelligent woman. You try to love an old, dirty, greedy old woman. And here is the evidence: I ask any philologist how the tale of the fisherman and the fish begins. Everyone says to me: "We lived ...". Yes, right. “Once upon a time there was an old man and an old woman by the very blue sea!” Right? "That's right!" - say philologists. “That's right!” say the academicians. "That's right!" say the professors. "That's right!" the students say. “There lived an old man and an old woman near the blue sea. The old man was fishing with a net ... ". Wrong! It would not be Pushkin. “Once upon a time there was an old man with an old woman” - this is the most ordinary beginning of a fairy tale. Pushkin: "An old man lived with his old woman." Do you feel the difference? Because it's still mine! Pushkin gives the code! His own, dear: thirty years and three years together. Flesh of flesh! Greedy - there are such old women! Darling!
Next, where did they live? By the blue sea. I ask philologists: where? “Well, by the sea. By the sea!" Not true. Near the BLUE sea. This is Pushkin's second code. As the old woman desires, she ceases to be "her own", and the sea changes color. Remember? "The blue sea has become cloudy, blackened." The sea is no longer blue.

Which of us has not been familiar with The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish since childhood? Someone read it in childhood, someone first met her after seeing a cartoon on a television screen. The plot of the work, of course, is familiar to everyone. But not many people know how and when it was written. It is about the creation, origins and characters of this work that we will talk in our article. And also consider modern alterations of the fairy tale.

Who wrote the fairy tale about and when?

The tale was written by the great Russian poet Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin in the village of Boldino on October 14, 1833. This period in the writer's work is usually called the second Boldin autumn. The work was first published in 1835 on the pages of the Library for Reading magazine. At the same time, Pushkin created another famous work - "The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Bogatyrs."

History of creation

Even in the early action, A. S. Pushkin began to be interested in folk art. The tales he heard in his cradle from his beloved nanny remained in his memory for the rest of his life. In addition, later, already in the 20s of the 19th century, the poet studied folklore in the village of Mikhailovskoye. It was then that he began to have ideas for future fairy tales.

However, Pushkin turned directly to folk stories only in the 1930s. He began to try his hand at creating fairy tales. One of them was the story of the golden fish. In this work, the poet tried to show the nationality of Russian literature.

For whom did A. S. Pushkin write fairy tales?

Pushkin wrote fairy tales at the peak of his creativity. And initially they were not intended for children, although they immediately entered the circle of their reading. The fairy tale about the goldfish is not just entertainment for children with a moral at the end. This is primarily an example of creativity, traditions and beliefs of the Russian people.

Nevertheless, the plot of the tale itself is not an exact retelling of folk works. In fact, little of Russian folklore is reflected in it. Many researchers argue that most of the poet's fairy tales, including the fairy tale about the goldfish (the text of the work confirms this), were borrowed from German fairy tales collected by the Grimm brothers.

Pushkin chose the plot he liked, reworked it at his own discretion and clothed it in poetic form, not caring about how authentic the stories would be. However, the poet managed to convey, if not the plot, then the spirit and character of the Russian people.

Images of the main characters

The fairy tale about the goldfish is not rich in characters - there are only three of them, but this is enough for a fascinating and instructive plot.

The images of the old man and the old woman are diametrically opposed, and their views on life are completely different. They are both poor, but reflect different aspects of poverty. So, the old man is always disinterested and ready to help in trouble, because he himself has been in the same situation more than once and knows what grief is. He is kind and calm, even when he is lucky, he does not use the offer of the fish, but simply lets her go free.

The old woman, despite the same social position, is arrogant, cruel and greedy. She pushes the old man around, harasses him, constantly scolds and is always dissatisfied with everything. For this, she will be punished at the end of the tale, left with nothing.

However, the old man does not receive any reward, because he is unable to resist the will of the old woman. For his obedience, he did not deserve a better life. Here Pushkin describes one of the main features of the Russian people - patience. It is this that does not allow us to live better and more peacefully.

The image of the fish is incredibly poetic and saturated with folk wisdom. She acts as a higher power, which for the time being is ready to fulfill desires. However, her patience is not unlimited.

The tale about the old man and the goldfish begins with a description of the blue sea, on the shore of which an old man and an old woman have been living in a dugout for 33 years. They live very poorly and the only thing that feeds them is the sea.

One day the old man goes fishing. He throws a net twice, but both times it brings only sea mud. For the third time, the old man is lucky - a goldfish gets into his net. She speaks in a human voice and asks to be released, promising to grant her wish. The old man did not ask the fish for anything, but simply let it go.

When he returned home, he told his wife everything. The old woman began to scold him and told him to go back and ask the fish for a new trough. The old man went and bowed to the fish, and the old woman got what she asked for.

But this was not enough for her. She demanded a new home. The fish fulfilled this desire. Then the old woman wanted to become a pillar noblewoman. Again the old man went to the fish, and again she fulfilled her wish. The fisherman himself was sent by his evil wife to work at the stable.

But even this was not enough. The old woman ordered her husband to go to the sea again and ask him to make her queen. This wish was also fulfilled. But even this did not satisfy the greed of the old woman. Again she called the old man to her and ordered to ask the fish to make her the queen of the sea, and she herself served on her parcels.

The fisherman conveyed the words of his wife. But the fish did not answer, only splashed its tail and swam away into the depths of the sea. For a long time he stood by the sea, waiting for an answer. But no more fish appeared, and the old man returned home. And there an old woman with a broken trough was waiting for him, sitting by an old dugout.

Plot Source

As noted above, the tale about the fisherman and the goldfish has its roots not only in Russian, but also in foreign folklore. So, the plot of this work is often compared with the fairy tale "The Greedy Old Woman", which was part of the collection of the Brothers Grimm. However, this resemblance is very remote. German authors focused all their attention in the tale on the moral conclusion - greed does not lead to good, you need to be able to be content with what you have.

Actions also take place on the seashore, however, instead of a goldfish, a flounder acts as a fulfiller of desires, which later turns out to be also an enchanted prince. Pushkin replaced this image with a golden fish, symbolizing prosperity and good luck in Russian culture.

Tale of a goldfish in a new way

Today you can find many alterations of this fairy tale in a new way. They are characterized by a change in time. That is, from antiquity the main characters are transferred to the modern world, where there is just as much poverty and injustice. The moment of catching a goldfish remains unchanged, like the magical heroine herself. But the desire of the old woman is changing. Now she already needs an Indesit car, new boots, a villa, a Ford. She wants to be a blonde with long legs.

In some alterations, the end of the story is also changed. The fairy tale can end with a happy family life of an old man and an old woman who are 40 years younger. However, this end is more the exception than the rule. Usually the ending is either close to the original, or talks about the death of an old man or old woman.

conclusions

Thus, the fairy tale about the goldfish still lives and remains relevant. This is confirmed by its many alterations. Sounding in a new way gives it a new life, but the problems laid down by Pushkin remain unchanged even in alterations.

All these new versions tell about the same heroes, all the same greedy old woman, and obedient old man, and wish-fulfilling fish, which speaks of the incredible skill and talent of Pushkin, who managed to write a work that remains relevant even after almost two centuries.

An old man lived with his old woman

By the very blue sea;

They lived in a dilapidated dugout

Exactly thirty years and three years.

The old man was fishing with a net,

The old woman was spinning her yarn.

Once he cast a net into the sea,

The net came with one slime.

He threw a seine another time, -

A seine came with sea grass.

For the third time he threw a net, -

A seine came with one fish,

With not a simple fish, - gold.

“Let me go, old man, into the sea!

Dear for myself, I will give a ransom:

I'll pay off whatever you want."

The old man was surprised, frightened:

He fished for thirty years and three years

And I never heard the fish speak.

He released the goldfish

And he said to her a kind word:

“God be with you, goldfish!

I don't need your ransom;

Step into the blue sea

Walk there for yourself in the open."

The old man returned to the old woman,

He told her a great miracle:

“Today I caught a fish,

Goldfish, not simple;

In our opinion, the fish spoke,

The blue asked for a home in the sea,

Paid off at a high price:

Buy back whatever you want.

I did not dare to take a ransom from her;

So he let her into the blue sea.

The old woman scolded the old man:

"You fool, you fool!

You did not know how to take a ransom from a fish!

If only you took a trough from her,

Ours is completely broken."

So he went to the blue sea;

He sees that the sea is slightly roaring.

A fish swam up to him and asked:

"What do you want, old man?"

"Have mercy, sovereign fish,

My old woman scolded me

Does not give me rest, old man:

She needs a new trough;

Ours is completely broken."

The goldfish replies:

“Do not be sad, go with God.

You will have a new trough."

The old man returned to the old woman,

The old woman has a new trough.

The old woman scolds even more:

"You fool, you fool!

Begged, fool, trough!

Is there a lot of self-interest in the trough?

Come back, fool, you are to the fish;

Bow to her, ask for a hut already.

Here he went to the blue sea

(The blue sea is clouded).

He began to call the goldfish.

"What do you want, old man?"

“Have mercy, empress fish!

The old woman scolds even more,

Does not give me rest, old man:

A grumpy woman asks for a hut.

The goldfish replies:

"Do not be sad, go with God,

So be it: you will already have a hut.

He went to his dugout,

And there is no trace of the dugout;

In front of him is a hut with a lamp,

With a brick, bleached pipe,

With oak wood gates.

The old woman sits under the window,

On what light is the husband scolds:

"You fool, you straight-forward fool!

Begged, simpleton, a hut!

Come back, bow to the fish:

I don't want to be a black peasant

I want to be a noblewoman."

The old man went to the blue sea

(Restless blue sea).

He began to call the goldfish.

A fish swam up to him and asked:

"What do you want, old man?"

The old man replies to her with a bow:

“Have mercy, empress fish!

More than ever, the old woman freaked out,

Does not give me rest, old man:

She doesn't want to be a peasant

Wants to be a pillar noblewoman.

The goldfish replies:

"Don't be sad, walk with God."

The old man returned to the old woman,

What does he see? High tower.

On the porch stands his old woman

In an expensive sable shower jacket,

Brocade on the top of the kichka,

Pearls weighed down the neck,

On the hands of gold rings,

On her feet are red boots.

Before her are zealous servants;

She beats them, drags them by the chuprun.

The old man says to his old woman:

“Hello, lady-madame noblewoman!

Tea, now your darling is satisfied.

The old woman yelled at him

She sent him to serve at the stable.

Here's a week, another one goes by

The old woman became even more furious;

Again he sends the old man to the fish:

“Come back, bow to the fish:

I don't want to be a pillar noblewoman,

And I want to be a free queen.

The old man was frightened, he begged:

“What are you, woman, overeating with henbane?

You can neither step nor speak!

You will make the whole kingdom laugh."

The old woman got more angry,

She hit her husband on the cheek.

"How dare you, man, argue with me,

With me, a pillar noblewoman?

Go to the sea, they tell you with honor;

If you don’t go, they will lead you involuntarily.”

The old man went to the sea

(Blackened blue sea).

He began to call the goldfish.

A fish swam up to him and asked:

"What do you want, old man?"

The old man replies to her with a bow:

“Have mercy, empress fish!

Again my old woman rebels:

She no longer wants to be a noblewoman,

Wants to be a free queen.

The goldfish replies:

“Do not be sad, go with God!

Good! the old woman will be queen!

The old man returned to the old woman.

Well? before him are the royal chambers,

In the wards he sees his old woman,

She sits at the table like a queen,

Boyars and nobles serve her,

They pour her overseas wines;

She eats a printed gingerbread;

Around her stands a formidable guard,

They hold axes on their shoulders.

When the old man saw, he got scared!

He bowed at the feet of the old woman,

He said: “Hello, formidable queen!

Well, is your darling happy now?”

The old woman did not look at him,

She only ordered him to be driven out of sight.

The boyars and nobles ran up,

They pushed the old man with you.

And at the door, the guard ran up,

I almost chopped it off with axes.

And the people laughed at him:

“To serve you, old ignoramus!

Henceforth you, ignoramus, science:

Don't get in your sleigh!"

Here's a week, another one goes by

The old woman fumed even more:

He sends courtiers for her husband.

They found the old man, brought him to her.

The old woman says to the old man:

“Come back, bow to the fish.

I don't want to be a free queen

I want to be the mistress of the sea,

To live for me in the Okiyane-sea,

To serve me a goldfish

And I would have been on the parcels.

The old man did not dare to argue,

He did not dare to speak across the word.

Here he goes to the blue sea,

He sees a black storm on the sea:

So angry waves swelled,

So they walk, so they howl and howl.

He began to call the goldfish.

A fish swam up to him and asked:

"What do you want, old man?"

The old man replies to her with a bow:

“Have mercy, empress fish!

What am I to do with the damn woman?

She doesn't want to be queen

Wants to be the mistress of the sea:

To live for her in the Okiyane-sea,

For you to serve her

And she would have been on the parcels.

The fish didn't say anything.

Just splashed her tail on the water

And she went into the deep sea.

For a long time by the sea he waited for an answer,

I did not wait, I returned to the old woman -

Look: again in front of him is a dugout;

On the threshold sits his old woman,

And in front of her is a broken trough.

Step into the blue sea
Walk there for yourself in the open."

The old man returned to the old woman,
He told her a great miracle.
“Today I caught a fish,
Goldfish, not simple;
In our opinion, the fish spoke,
The blue asked for a home in the sea,
Paid off at a high price:
I bought whatever I wanted.
I did not dare to take a ransom from her;
So he let her into the blue sea.
The old woman scolded the old man:
"You fool, you fool!
You did not know how to take a ransom from a fish!
If only you took a trough from her,
Ours is completely broken."

So he went to the blue sea;
He sees that the sea is slightly raging.

A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"

"Have mercy, sovereign fish,
My old woman scolded me
Does not give the old man peace:
She needs a new trough;
Ours is completely broken."
The goldfish replies:

You will have a new trough."
The old man returned to the old woman,
The old woman has a new trough.
The old woman scolds even more:
"You fool, you fool!
Begged, fool, trough!
Is there a lot of self-interest in the trough?
Come back, fool, you are to the fish;
Bow to her, ask for a hut already.

So he went to the blue sea,
(The blue sea is cloudy.)
He began to call a goldfish,

"What do you want, old man?"

“Have mercy, empress fish!
The old woman scolds even more,
Does not give the old man peace:
A grumpy woman asks for a hut.
The goldfish replies:
"Do not be sad, go with God,
So be it: you will already have a hut.
He went to his dugout,
And there is no trace of the dugout;
In front of him is a hut with a lamp,
With a brick, bleached pipe,
With oak, plank gates.
The old woman sits under the window,
On what light is the husband scolds.
"You fool, you straight-forward fool!
Begged, simpleton, a hut!
Come back, bow to the fish:
I don't want to be a black peasant
I want to be a noblewoman."

The old man went to the blue sea;
(The blue sea is not calm.)

A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"
The old man replies to her with a bow:
“Have mercy, empress fish!
More than ever, the old woman freaked out,
Does not give the old man peace:
She doesn't want to be a peasant
Wants to be a pillar noblewoman.
The goldfish replies:
"Do not be sad, go with God."

The old man turned to the old woman.
What does he see? High tower.
On the porch stands his old woman
In an expensive sable shower jacket,
Brocade on the top of the kichka,
Pearls weighed down the neck,
On the hands of gold rings,
On her feet are red boots.
Before her are zealous servants;
She beats them, drags them by the chuprun.
The old man says to his old woman:
“Hello, mistress madam noblewoman!
Tea, now your darling is satisfied.
The old woman yelled at him
She sent him to serve at the stable.

Here's a week, another one goes by
The old woman fumed even more:
Again he sends the old man to the fish.
“Come back, bow to the fish:
I don't want to be a pillar noblewoman,
And I want to be a free queen.
The old man was frightened, he begged:
“What are you, woman, overeating with henbane?
You can't step, you can't speak,
You will make the whole kingdom laugh."
The old woman got more angry,
She hit her husband on the cheek.
"How dare you, man, argue with me,
With me, a pillar noblewoman? -
Go to the sea, they tell you with honor,
If you don’t go, they will lead you involuntarily.”

The old man went to the sea
(The blue sea turned black.)
He began to call the goldfish.
A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"
The old man replies to her with a bow:
“Have mercy, empress fish!
Again my old woman rebels:

She no longer wants to be a noblewoman,
Wants to be a free queen.
The goldfish replies:
“Do not be sad, go with God!
Good! the old woman will be queen!

The old man returned to the old woman.
Well? before him are the royal chambers.
In the wards he sees his old woman,
She sits at the table like a queen,
Boyars and nobles serve her,
They pour her overseas wines;
She eats a printed gingerbread;
Around her stands a formidable guard,
They hold axes on their shoulders.
As the old man saw, he was frightened!
He bowed at the feet of the old woman,
He said: “Hello, formidable queen!
Well, now your darling is satisfied.
The old woman did not look at him,
She only ordered him to be driven out of sight.
The boyars and nobles ran up,
They pushed the old man in.
And at the door, the guard ran up,
I almost chopped it off with axes.
And the people laughed at him:
“To serve you, old ignoramus!
Henceforth you, ignoramus, science:
Don't get in your sleigh!"

Here's a week, another one goes by
The old woman fumed even more:
He sends courtiers for her husband,
They found the old man, brought him to her.
The old woman says to the old man:
“Come back, bow to the fish.
I don't want to be a free queen
I want to be the mistress of the sea,
To live for me in the Okiyane-sea,
To serve me a goldfish
And I would have been on the parcels.

The old man did not dare to argue,
He did not dare to speak across the word.
Here he goes to the blue sea,
He sees a black storm on the sea:
So angry waves swelled,
So they walk, so they howl and howl.
He began to call the goldfish.
A fish swam up to him and asked:
"What do you want, old man?"
The old man replies to her with a bow:
“Have mercy, empress fish!
What am I to do with the damn woman?
She doesn't want to be queen
Wants to be the mistress of the sea;
To live for her in the Okiyane-sea,
For you to serve her
And she would have been on the parcels.
The fish didn't say anything.
Just splashed her tail on the water
And she went into the deep sea.
For a long time by the sea he waited for an answer,
I did not wait, I returned to the old woman -
Look: again in front of him is a dugout;
On the threshold sits his old woman,
And in front of her is a broken trough.