Homemade barometer from a spruce branch. How to make a barometer

Predicting the weather is not only useful, but also very interesting! Try doing it yourself and compare your predictions with those on the Internet, in newspapers or on TV. The result may surprise you!

We provide a list of many signs. Of course, it is impossible to check everything. Choose purely meteorological ones, or, if you are more interested in signs of living organisms, then read the entire list and select those organisms that are in your area and located nearby. Some have a sea or a river nearby, others have a forest or field. Maybe you have your own apiary or something else particularly interesting. You can observe for a week, then take a break. It will be more interesting if you take several periods with different weather - sunny, rainy, etc. Don’t forget to write everything down, register the date, time of day, true weather, whether a sign is being carried out. In your work, you can use real or homemade devices (see their description further in the text). If you have enough strength and patience, compare your results with the official forecast. You will be able to understand who predicts the weather more accurately - living organisms, real or homemade instruments, or the Hydrometeorological Center.

Signs of bad weather in summer

Before the warm summer rain, worms willingly leave their underground shelters, but bees do not want to leave their hive. If they “show up”, they circle nearby - having flown far from the hive, they can be overtaken by the rain. And you can’t see any fluttering butterflies in the meadows - they sensed something was wrong and hid somewhere.

Aquarium fish restlessly rush from corner to corner or sink to the bottom - it is obvious that the sky will soon be covered with rain clouds.

Sea jellyfish and fish also perfectly sense the slightest infrasonic vibrations that foreshadow a storm and together go into the depths, a couple of hours before the onset of the storm.

Before a storm, whales leave quiet harbors and go to the open sea. Dolphins, on the contrary, are beginning to approach the shores.

A dog barking at night foretells an imminent change in the weather. If it was warm, it will become cold.

Large cattle or sheep graze in the meadow with reluctance and impatience - expect bad weather soon.

If in the summer it is stuffy outside from early morning, it may rain in the evening.

If at sunset the sky turns greenish, it means gusty winds and light rain are expected the next day.

If you can’t hear the noise of the forest, it’s time to stock up on an umbrella, rain is expected.

If large bubbles swell in the puddles during rain, the rain promises to be prolonged and will probably intensify even more in the near future.

If the spruce lowers its branches and compresses the scales of its cones, then heavy rain may begin within a day.

If the buds of the field bindweed bloom, it will be cloudy.

Signs of good weather in summer

If, after prolonged rains, you hear loud birds singing outside, the sky will soon clear.

If heavy dew is visible on the grass in the morning, it means it will most likely be dry all day. hot weather. Good weather the next day is also indicated by the dew that appears on the grass in the evening.

Large jellyfish near the shore announce good weather. This sign works especially accurately in August, when there are especially many jellyfish.

If a sparrow bathes in a puddle and chirps, wait good weather.

Leeches float to the surface of the water - wait for rain.

If Milky Way on a summer night it is clearly visible - which means that good weather will continue for a long period of time.

If the sky turns golden or pink at sunset, the next day will be dry and sunny.

If a light cloud is visible in the sky before sunrise, it means the day will be warm.

If the month is clearly visible in the sky, it means that a long drought may occur.

If the thistle bends its spines to the sides and emits a strong aroma, it means that the weather will be dry and warm all day.

If the weather is cloudy, but the buttercup buds remain open, it is a false alarm and it will not rain.

Folk signs summer

A clear sunset is a sign of stable clear weather.

If high cumulus clouds appear during the day, expect thunderstorms again at night.

Increased wind in the evening means worsening weather. If at this time its direction changes counterclockwise, there will be prolonged precipitation

The hay that has dried but not been harvested in the meadow has become damp - it will rain.

Before the onset of wet weather, leather items become flexible and soft.

Evening dew is the first sign of clear weather for tomorrow.

If the dew does not fall on the meadows, expect rain.

If the flowers of the bindweed close, rain is near, they bloom in cloudy weather- to nice sunny days.

Thistle needles are not prickly - if it rains, very prickly - it will be a good day.

Mallow flowers are closed - for rain. Pending rainy weather roses and rose hips do not open their buds.

Aromatic tobacco, gillyflower and sweet clover smell strongly before the rain.

Before the onset of inclement weather, the stalks of white and purple potato flowers bend downward and the flowers droop.

If the leaves of the drupe curl into a tube, rest assured that stable, dry weather is ahead, and if they begin to straighten out, the dry weather will end.

Fern leaves curl down before good weather, and unwind before bad weather.

Swallows and swifts fly high for good weather, low for rain.

Sparrows bathe in dust or sand - it could be rain.

In the summer before the rain, rooks are more likely to be on the grass than on roads and plowed land.

Cuckoos usually sing in good weather, when the days are warm and clear.

Chickens are constantly plucked, ducks splash and dive endlessly - it can be bad weather.

If there are clouds in the sky, but the bees do not hide in the hives, but continue to collect nectar, then there will be no rain. The bees returned to the hive later than usual - expect bad weather.

If the bees do not fly out of the hives in the morning, then it will rain in the next few hours. The massive return of bees to the hives in the morning and afternoon is a sign of the onset of windy and rainy weather.

If there are few inhabitants around the anthill, it will soon rain. Life is in full swing around the anthill - no rain is expected.

If you hear a grasshopper singing late in the evening, then the morning will be quiet and sunny.

If the hives butterflies hide, it means that in an hour or two it will rain; the rain has subsided, and the butterflies do not leave their shelters, which means the bad weather will last.

But if butterflies fly out of their hiding places when there are still clouds in the sky, clear weather will come.

If spiders make the main threads of their web especially long and stretch them wide, there will be warm sunny weather for a long time, and if they are short, there will be rain, there are few spiders and their webs - for variable weather, a lot - expect good weather.

Before bad weather, the fish jumps out of the water. It doesn't bite before it rains. Before a thunderstorm or bad weather, catfish always emerge from the depths.

If during a drought the fish stop biting, it means it will rain soon.

Earthworms are crawling out - expect bad weather, rain.

Mosquitoes fly in swarms - the weather will be good.

If lake frogs crawl ashore, it will rain.

Jellyfish, crabs and shrimp suddenly disappear, and fish move away from the shores and hide in the depths - a storm will soon begin.

Before the rain, a sheep's wool becomes softer and straightens out.

Homemade instruments - weather predictors.

We present interesting examples, found on the Internet.

Spruce branch - barometer.

Coniferous trees are able to lower their branches before rain and raise them before clear weather. This ability to respond to weather changes is also retained in dry animals. spruce branches, so you can make simple barometers from them. To do this, you need to take a 25-30 cm section of a young spruce trunk along with a 30-35 cm long branch, clear it of bark and attach the sawn part of the trunk to the wall of a building or to another vertical support. The branch must be in such a state that when its free end is lowered down before bad weather and raised up during stable in clear weather it moved parallel to the wall without touching it. Near the end of the “arrow” branch, attach a scale with divisions of 1 cm to the wall. Observe how much the branch deviates when the weather changes. After some time, the scale can be marked with indicators: “clear”, “variable”, “rain”, as on a regular aneroid barometer. Long-term observations have shown that with a branch length of 32 cm, the amplitude of its deviations can reach 11 cm. Such a simple device predicts significant changes in the weather 8-12 hours in advance, and sometimes even longer.

Hygrometer made from seeds with an awn.

Hygrometer is a device that measures air humidity. The seeds of some plants have awns that quickly respond to changes in this indicator: when high humidity they straighten (unwind), and in dry air they twist into a spiral. Therefore, a simple but sensitive hygrometer can be made from them. The most suitable fruit for this purpose is the one with the awn of a common weed plant called hemlock stork. If you pierce a hole in the center of a circle of cardboard with a diameter of 5-6 cm and fix the lower end of the fruit (seed) in it with a drop of glue, then in dry weather its crescent-shaped tip will deviate along the circumference counterclockwise (to the left), and when humidity increases - back (to the right), as shown in the figure. You can compare the readings of this “device” several times with data from meteorologists on the Internet or a forecast on television and draw conclusions about the accuracy of the stork’s work.

Homemade simple weather forecaster from the fruit of the hemlock.

Barometer from immortelle.

You can use a bouquet of flowers to predict the weather. Flowers that are usually called immortelle are suitable for this. If well-dried immortelle flowers on stems are treated with a solution of 200 g of water, 4 g of glycerin and 30 g of cobalt chloride, a bouquet of dried flowers will acquire a yellow color before bad weather, and with the onset of clear weather sunny weather the flowers become bright green.

How to make your own barometer.

If you have a barometer in your physics class, at your home, or at your friends’ house, then you can use it. But buying it is quite expensive. It is more interesting to make a barometer yourself. We offer you two methods found on the Internet. The barometer (see picture) consists of a clear glass bottle, a glass tube and a stopper.

The bottle is filled one third with water, it is better to take distilled water. The water should be slightly tinted with ink or paint. A hole is made in the cork and a glass tube is inserted into it. The junction is covered with plasticine. Now you need to close the bottle with a cork and the barometer is ready. When Atmosphere pressure begins to change, the water level in the tube will also change. If air bubbles begin to come out of the tube, the pressure is very high and this predicts clear, stable weather. If water starts pouring out of the top of the tube, then the pressure is low and it may rain.

Barometer made from a burnt out light bulb.

If, after reading the instructions, you realize that it is difficult to do this yourself, then do not hesitate to ask your elders for help.
Take a burnt-out light bulb and, where the base with the threaded part begins, carefully drill a small hole with a diameter of 2-3 mm. This should be done very carefully, otherwise the container may crack or break. Apply a drop of machine or sunflower oil to the point where you marked the hole. Take abrasive powder from medium-grit sandpaper and add it to a drop of oil to create a viscous paste, slightly thinner than toothpaste. Then clamp the copper wire into the drill chuck. Its diameter should match the size of the hole you want to drill. Gently clamp the lamp base in a vice. Wrap the glass flask in a towel or rag. You need to drill very carefully, using minimal force.

Once the hole is drilled, pour tap water into it, filling the glass flask halfway. Then add two or three drops of ink or a piece of crayon lead to it and mix. The barometer is ready.

All that remains is to wait until the inner wall of the flask dries out and hang the barometer between the window frames. It is best from the north side, where it will not receive direct sunlight. If the windows face south, install at the top of the window. After a few hours, you can take readings. Such a homemade barometer can predict the weather one day in advance quite accurately.
But you need to know some features in order to decipher the readings:

If the inner walls of the light bulb are covered with small drops of condensed water, tomorrow it will be completely cloudy, but without precipitation.

If the walls of the light bulb are covered with medium-sized drops, and vertical dry stripes have formed between them, you should expect partly cloudy weather.

The walls are partially covered with large drops of dew - expect short-term precipitation. And if drops from top to bottom, enlarging, flow down, there will be a thunderstorm.

Large drops are only at the surface of the water, and the neck of the light bulb is dry - the rain will pass away, 30-60 km from your place.

If it's raining, but the walls of the light bulb have become completely dry - tomorrow the weather will be excellent. And if droplets appear only on the north side of the light bulb, expect rain tomorrow afternoon.
Of course, such a barometer can only be used if the air temperature is above zero, that is, in spring, summer and early autumn. But this is exactly what we need.

Now you can make observations and find out how accurately the old light bulb predicts the weather.

We wish you interesting work and new discoveries. Maybe someone will understand that he is a future meteorologist. Don't forget to format your work correctly.

Homemade weather forecasters

Spruce branch - barometer. Using ability coniferous trees Lowering their branches before the rain and raising them before clear weather, the inhabitants of the Siberian taiga have long been able to quite accurately determine the upcoming weather based on the state of the spruce crowns. The ability to respond to weather changes is also preserved in dry spruce branches, which makes it possible to make simple, long-lasting barometers from them. To do this, take a 25-30 cm section of a young spruce trunk along with a 30-35 cm long branch, clear it of bark and attach the sawn part of the trunk to some vertical support (preferably to the wall of a building). The branch should be in such a state that when its free end is lowered down before bad weather and raised up in stable, clear weather, it moves parallel to the screen wall without touching it. Near the end of the “arrow” branch, a plywood, metal or plastic scale with divisions of 1 cm is attached to the wall. After some time, when the device shows its capabilities, the scale can be marked with indicators: “clear”, “variable”, “rain” , as on a conventional aneroid barometer. Long-term observations have shown that with a branch length of 32 cm, the amplitude of its deviations can reach 11 cm. This simple device predicts significant weather changes 8-12 hours in advance, sometimes even over a longer period.

Hygrometer made from seeds with an awn. The seeds of some plants have awns that quickly and sensitively respond to changes in air humidity: at high humidity they straighten (unwind), and in dry air they curl into a spiral. Therefore, a simple but sensitive hygrometer can be made from them. For this purpose, the most suitable fruit is the one with the spine of such a ubiquitous annual low weed plant as hemlock (Fig. 13). If you pierce a hole in the center of a circle of cardboard with a diameter of 5-6 cm and fix the lower end of the fruit (seed) in it with a drop of glue, then in dry weather its crescent-shaped tip will deviate along the circumference counterclockwise (to the left), and when humidity increases - back (to the right).

Rice. 13. Homemade simple weather forecaster from the fruit of the hemlock

Slide-hygrometer. A fairly accurate weather predictor can be made from a transparency. To do this, you need to photograph some summer landscape. It is advisable that the negative depict vegetation with a river or lake. A positive print should be made on a photographic plate. After developing, fixing and washing, the slide is immersed in a 10% solution of cobalt nitrate for 15 minutes and dried without washing. Using a dry emulsion, the trees, shrubs and grass depicted on it are painted over with yellow watercolor paint, such as gummigut. They edge the transparencies and hang them between the window frames. As fine, dry weather approaches, the sky and water in the transparent photograph will turn blue, and the vegetation will turn green. But as soon as the weather begins to worsen, nature will fade: the sky and water will turn gray, and the leaves and stems will turn yellow.

Barometer from immortelle. You can use it to predict the weather

Not everyone has a barometer, but the weather forecast is useful for both summer residents and tourists.
The simplest barometer is easy to make with your own hands from very improvised means.

The weather is predicted homemade spruce-fir barometers

Hunters in Siberia have long noticed that the branches of coniferous trees lower before rain or snow and rise before clear weather. This ability is also preserved in dry spruce branches, which makes it possible to make from them the simplest, long-lasting barometers.

Barometer made of fir branch and needle. Cut a branch from a young fir or pine tree. Separate from it a piece 10 cm long with a thin long needle growing on the side. Now take a flat board or plywood measuring 150x100 mm and nail the prepared piece of fir to it so that the needle can move freely.
The barometer is ready. It just needs to be calibrated. Bring the device to a hot stove or stove - the heat will cause the needle to straighten and rise up.
Where it stops, take a risk. Then bring the device to the stream of steam escaping from the spout of the kettle. When exposed to moisture, the needle will drop down. Here mark the second line. Connect the risks with an arc and divide them into several equal parts. It remains to make the appropriate inscriptions, as in the figure.
Barometer install it in a place protected from direct sunlight, and it will predict the weather for you.

Barometer made from a spruce branch. To make a barometer from a spruce branch, you need to take a 25-30 cm section of a dry tree trunk along with a 30-35 cm branch (the longer the branch, the more sensitive the barometer will be), peel it from the bark and attach the sawn part of the trunk to a plank. It can be hung on a wall or on a window frame.
The branch should be in such a state that when its free end is lowered down (before bad weather) and raised up (in clear weather), it moves parallel to the screen wall without touching it.
For convenience, a plywood or metal scale with divisions of 1 cm is attached to a board near the branch ring - “arrows”. After some time, when the branch begins to show its capabilities, the indicators “clear”, “variable”, “rain” can be marked on the scale. , just like on a regular barometer.

Such homemade barometers can predict the weather 12 hours in advance.

Not everyone has a barometer, but the weather forecast is useful for both summer residents and tourists.
The simplest barometer is easy to make with your own hands from very improvised means.

The weather is predicted homemade spruce-fir barometers

Hunters in Siberia have long noticed that the branches of coniferous trees lower before rain or snow and rise before clear weather. This ability is also preserved in dry spruce branches, which makes it possible to make from them the simplest, long-lasting barometers.

Barometer made of fir branch and needle. Cut a branch from a young fir or pine tree. Separate from it a piece 10 cm long with a thin long needle growing on the side. Now take a flat board or plywood measuring 150x100 mm and nail the prepared piece of fir to it so that the needle can move freely.
The barometer is ready. It just needs to be calibrated. Bring the device to a hot stove or stove - the heat will cause the needle to straighten and rise up.
Where it stops, take a risk. Then bring the device to the stream of steam escaping from the spout of the kettle. When exposed to moisture, the needle will drop down. Here mark the second line. Connect the marks with an arc and divide into several equal parts. It remains to make the appropriate inscriptions, as in the figure.
Barometer install it in a place protected from direct sunlight, and it will predict the weather for you.

Barometer made from a spruce branch. To make a barometer from a spruce branch, you need to take a 25-30 cm section of a dry tree trunk along with a 30-35 cm branch (the longer the branch, the more sensitive the barometer will be), peel it from the bark and attach the sawn part of the trunk to a plank. It can be hung on a wall or on a window frame.
The branch should be in such a state that when its free end is lowered down (before bad weather) and raised up (in clear weather), it moves parallel to the screen wall without touching it.
For convenience, near the ring of the “arrow” branch, a plywood or metal scale with 1 cm divisions is attached to a board. After some time, when the branch begins to show its capabilities, the indicators “clear”, “variable”, “rain” can be marked on the scale. , just like on a regular barometer.

Such homemade barometers can predict the weather 12 hours in advance.

If you want to know in advance about weather changes, you can make a barometer with your own hands. This device shows changes in atmospheric pressure, the fluctuations of which can be used to predict the weather.

So, if the atmospheric pressure drops, then precipitation is possible and the weather will worsen, and vice versa, if the atmospheric pressure rises, then we can talk about the weather improving. Of course, you can trust reports from hydrometeorological centers or look at the weather on weather websites, but it is better to have a similar device in your home and rely on its readings.

Barometers are produced and sold different types, but you can make a device that responds to fluctuations in atmospheric pressure at home.

These interesting “things” will help you navigate the weather, and their manufacture does not require complex technologies or materials. It turns out that some kind of barometer can even be made from spruce branches.

Spruce barometer

Siberian hunters have long known that the branches of coniferous trees tend to droop before precipitation and fall in anticipation of sunny, clear weather. Even dry spruce branches retain this feature, so they can be used to make natural barometers that will show weather changes 8-12 hours before changes.

To make such a barometer, you need a piece of the trunk of a dry small tree (25-30 cm long) along with a branch 30-35 cm long. The trunk and branch are cleared of bark and attached to a board that is hung on the wall. In this case, the branch should be positioned so that when lowering or raising the free end of the branch, it moves parallel to the wall and does not touch it. Raising a branch signals clear weather, while lowering a branch indicates bad weather.

You can even attach a metal or plywood scale to the board with marks every 1 centimeter. After some time of use, it will be possible to determine the capabilities of the branch and sign the indicators “precipitation”, “variable”, “sunny”

Light bulb barometer

This barometer will require a burnt out incandescent light bulb. At the beginning of the threaded base, a hole with a diameter of 2-3 mm is drilled. You must drill carefully and with with minimal effort so that the glass does not crack. Fill through the resulting hole clean water up to half the flask. You need to add 2-3 drops of ink to it.

Next, they wait until the inner walls of the flask dry out and hang a barometer light between the window frames of the window, preferably on the north side. If the windows are located on the south side, then the light bulb should be hung at the top of the window. Within a few hours you can take readings.

• If the inner walls are covered with small droplets of condensation, then the weather will be cloudy without precipitation.
• With droplets of medium size, between which dry vertical stripes have formed, partly cloudy weather is expected.
• Large drops near the surface of the water in the light bulb and a dry neck indicate that precipitation will pass by.
• Drops of water on the north side of the bulb indicate rain the next day in the second half.
• If the inside of the light bulb is covered with large drops of condensation, there will be short-term rains. And if the drops become larger and flow down, then most likely there will be a thunderstorm.
• If the walls of the light bulb are completely dry, then the weather will be good

This barometer can be used in spring, summer and autumn at temperatures above zero.

Fir barometer

A fir branch 10-12 cm long is cut. The needles are removed from it, except for one. The branch is attached to the board so that the fir needle can freely fall and rise.

The board with a twig and a needle must be brought to the oven so that the moisture evaporates from it. In this case, the needle rises up and you will need to make a mark “sunny” with the number 1. Then you need to bring the device to the steam, and when the needle goes down, mark the number 10 and write “Rain”. Between these marks marks are marked in ten divisions.

A homemade barometer should be placed in a shaded place, away from direct sunlight. Such a device can be built during a hike and you can learn about weather changes in advance, focusing on the position of a small fir needle.

Fir cone barometer

You can even make a barometer from a fir cone. This device can predict weather changes several hours in advance. To make such a homemade barometer, you need two smooth wooden planks and a dry pine cone.

Two elements are cut out of the planks: a square base with a side of 70 mm and a side panel measuring 70x150 mm. The ends of the workpieces are processed with a large file and the surfaces of the boards are cleaned with sanding paper. The elements are connected with glue and secured with small nails as shown in the figure. A scale is cut out of cardboard or thick paper with divisions and symbols for sunny and rainy weather. At the side, a large dry fir cone is attached to the base. A dry straw with a paper arrow at the end is glued to one of its scales from below.

The device will work based on the fact that the scales of fir cones are pressed tightly against each other when humid air and vice versa, they open in dry weather. A homemade barometer should be placed on the balcony or outside the window, and with its help you can easily determine whether there will be precipitation or sunny clear weather today.

Barometer from a bottle

For such a homemade device you will need a transparent bottle, a glass tube and a stopper. The bottle is filled one third with distilled water. For better visibility, the water can be tinted, but distilled water is used due to the fact that regular water can deteriorate after a while. A hole is cut in the cork into which a glass tube is inserted. The hole around the tube is covered with plasticine or sealant. The bottle is plugged with a cork and a tube, and the homemade barometer is ready. When atmospheric pressure changes, the water level in the tube will change. When air bubbles begin to emerge from the tube, this will indicate that the atmospheric pressure is high and the weather will be clear. If water pours out of the upper end of the tube, then the pressure is low and the weather will be rainy.

Home hydrometeorological center

A homemade hydrometeorological center can be made using two thermometers. One of them is wrapped with damp cotton wool or cloth and placed in a jar of water. It is necessary to ensure that it is constantly wet. Using the table below, the readings of both thermometers are compared and the weather is determined.