Introductory words. Presentation Presentation introductory words

Lesson objectives: 1. Systematize and summarize knowledge on the topic "Introductory words and sentences". 2. To develop students' ability to think logically and construct sentences with introductory words and introductory constructions. 3. Form the skills of self-control and mutual control.

Correct mistakes! Confidence level of the message: probably, it seems, it should be. Different feelings: fortunately, surprisingly, obviously. Source of message: they say, according to legend, according to opinion. Appeal to the interlocutor: notice, secondly, be kind. Formation of thought: firstly, so, in a word.

Write down the sentences, find introductory constructions, indicate their meaning, put the missing punctuation marks. Solve spelling problems .. 1) Obviously (not) you need to look around the world for places where you can meet all the gifts of nature. 2) Be (s, ss) porn this fertile land is my native land! 3) There is undoubtedly (un)repeatable nature, amazing people, sacraments (n,n) monuments of the past, unique culture. 4) Let's just say that the land will not leave anyone indifferent without (s, h) extreme steppes, healing springs, clean rivers and talented people.

Business game "I am a teacher" Find sentences with incorrect punctuation marks. Correct the mistakes. Explain what the student did wrong. To you, my native land, I will sing songs. A light breeze used to touch the thin stems of flowers, the clean air will be filled with the aroma of herbs. Fortunately, it's impossible to get used to.

What was the mound thinking about? Wherever you go along the steppe roads of our region, you will meet them everywhere. The emergence of burial mounds is associated with the ancient burial rite. The burial mounds were intended for the burial of leaders and famous warriors. What was the mound thinking about? Perhaps about the affairs of bygone days, or maybe about the present or the near future?

Homework Write a creative paper “What was the mound thinking about?” Using introductory constructions that can be used to express varying degrees of certainty or uncertainty, the source of the message, and other meanings of the introductory words. Volume - not less than 70 words. The work will be evaluated according to the following criteria: - consistency; - consistency, coherence of presentation; - accuracy and expressiveness of speech; - appropriate use of introductory structures; - author's position; - literacy. Or option 14, part 3 (C2.1) from the book by N.A. Senina "Preparation for the GIA-2012"

Introductory words Take introductory words. They make me dizzy, They prevent us from preserving the essence, They prevent us from preserving the essence, And slow down our speech. And slow down our speech. And yet they are convenient because They give out easily to others, What they give out easily to others, How we relate to, How we relate to what, embarrassed, we are talking about. What, embarrassed, we are talking about. They will say to me: "Fortunately..." They will say to me: "Fortunately..." And then Let them say anything, Let them say anything, I listen with an open mouth And rejoice in everything. Me, like everyone else, more than once, not twice Me, like everyone else, more than once, not twice Saved by introductory words, Saved by introductory words, And more often than others among them the words "firstly", "secondly". They, starting from afar, Gave a reason slowly Gave a reason slowly Gather your thoughts until Gather your thoughts until I don't know where the soul was. I don't know where the soul was.

Introductory words Introductory words

I praise the pearl of the word...

Alisher Navoi

Olifirova Tatyana Ivanovna, teacher of secondary school No. 14

Severodonetsk, Luhansk region

Russian language lesson in 8th grade

The purpose of the lesson:

• deepen knowledge of introductory words, learn how to use them in speech;
• develop the ability to find introductory words in a sentence and correctly highlight them.

Pearl - a symbol of the soul, truth

Place punctuation marks, comment on the highlighted spellings

Check punctuation marks, explain the meaning of introductory words

The largest and most famous is the Pearl of Allah, which got its name for its resemblance to a human head in a turban. The average diameter of a giant pearl is almost 24 cm, and its weight is 6 kg 370 g. The pearl was taken out of a huge three-ton shell off the Philippine island of Palovan. The shells of this mollusk pinched the hand of a boy - a pearl diver.

Unable to free himself, the young man died, and in order to free his body, the shell had to be cut. And so a huge pearl was discovered.

Check and remember! In my opinion, to indignation, apparently, according to legend, do me a favor, truly, firstly, unfortunately, unfortunately, the hour is uneven, in the end, as you know, according to ours, unfortunately, it is believed that in particular. true, apparently Compose and write down two sentences so that in one case these words are introductory, and in the other - members of the sentence. Pearls are exquisite jewelry. It suits women of any age. Pearls successfully complement both evening dress and everyday.

Enter introductory words into sentences

1 pearl:

"I know…"

2 pearls:

"I can…"

3 pearl:

"I understand…"

4 pearl:

“I made sure…”

Collect pearls of knowledge in a necklace,

received in the lesson

Well done! Thank you for the lesson!

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Internet resources

http://freiya.ru/stones/zhemchug/foto-zhemchuga/c4f9f9452c7f6384f62cf8c37a8e8567.jpg

http://lol54.ru/uploads/posts/2011-10/1317725053_9960af8be1f9.jpg

http://pro-kamni.ru/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/ZHemchuzhina-Allaha.jpg

http://img0.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/c/2/84/154/84154290_zhimchuzhina_allaha.jpg

http://blog.ludmilakazakova.ru/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/htmhug77.jpg

http://www.kakprosto.ru/kak-38887-kak-hranit-zhemchug

About the words

grammatically unrelated

with members of the proposal

Task number 17 USE Task number 10 OGE

In Russian, there are such sentences in which there are words that are not grammatically related to these sentences:

• introductory words, phrases, sentences and inserts, for example: Meanwhile, the rebels , apparently prepared for action (A. Pushkin) The Bashkirian with difficulty stepped through the threshold (he was in the box) and, taking off his high hat, stopped at the door. (A. Pushkin) ;
• appeals : - And turn around. , son ! (N.Gogol) ;
• nominative presentation: Mortgage ! And where can I get a mortgage, the devil! (A. Pushkin) ;
• sentence words Not really :

- Is the teacher pleased with you? - Yes, satisfied, - said Volodya. (L. Tolstoy)

Introductory words, phrases,

suggestions and inserts

The language unit that conveys the attitude of the speaker to the expressed thought is called introductory word (introductory phrase, introductory sentence).

Introductory words are not grammatically related to the sentence in which they are used: they are not members of the sentence, they cannot be questioned from other words of the sentence.

Introductory words are separated by commas. Most introductory words just need to be remembered, but it is almost impossible to list all existing introductory words - therefore, you need to know what meanings are expressed by these words.

1. Expressive the speaker's feelings

fortunately unfortunately to joy to chagrin

2. Expressing the degree of confidence of the speaker

unfortunately strange thing surprisingly not even the hour

certainly certainly * obviously * without a doubt certainly of course certainly certainly *

3. Indicating the order of thoughts

to surprise, to joy, God forbid, etc.

indeed * perhaps * true probably may (be) * it seems * it seemed * apparently

so in general in general * means * however * on the contrary finally *

apparently perhaps indeed * true right presumably think etc. .

therefore in particular * by the way also in that way * on the one hand * etc. .

so * for example * however, I repeat firstly secondly thirdly etc.

Digits of introductory words by value

4. Pointing to the way thoughts are formed

by the way *or rather* in other words

5. Pointing to the source of the message

in one word * better put in other words to put it mildly

say * inform * by words ... by information ... by opinion ... by message ...

6. Representing a call or appeal to the interlocutor

so to speak more precisely * rather * etc. .

in my opinion in your opinion etc. in my opinion, according to rumors, I remember

see (do) understand (do) know (do) believe (those) listen (those)

Not introductory:

imagine(those) agree(those) * imagine(those) sorry(those)

at the direction

by decision

forgive (those) please do (those) mercy let (those)

Digits of introductory words by value

7. Indicating the commonness of what is being reported

happens *used*

8. Expressive statements

according to custom

in truth (speaking) in conscience (speaking) joking aside funny to be honest

happened happens happens

tell the truth

* There is additional information about introductory words marked with an asterisk (see slides No. 10-13)

Introductory words as part of a separate turnover

If the introductory word appears at the beginning or at the end of a separate turnover, then it is not separated from it by a comma:

The huge office was filled with things | obviously incessantly used | . Anna took her eyes off her face, | on - apparently wanting to understand the meaning of her words | .

Introductory words in the middle of a separate turnover are distinguished by commas on both sides:

Suddenly he shuddered violently | rescued , may be, again from fainting ugly vision | .

Union a before the introductory word

The union "a" before the introductory word can perform two functions:

• to connect any members of the sentence, then after the union, a comma is placed before the introductory word: He wasn't upset at all. a seemed to rejoiced. She wasn't late a , vice versa, was already waiting for him.

• refer to the introductory word itself, in this case the union is not separated by a comma from the introductory word: If only he knew how much trouble , maybe, and villainy he will have to overcome and commit!

About words marked with an asterisk *

Introductory word or not

Among these words, 2 groups can be distinguished:

Defined

by syntactic function in a sentence

defined by meaning

false introductory words

I.

It is quite easy to determine whether or not words from group I are introductory.

1. Nouns with a preposition and dependent words or without them, acting as introductory words, can also be used in their direct meaning: Everyone has their own path to happiness. Luckily, the worst didn't happen.

On one side of the table were snacks. One side, he is right.

Introductory words are not part of the sentence.

2. Word "but" can play the role of union "but", in this case, it is easy to replace it with the union "but" . However = but:

He promised to come but did not come ( between homogeneous members ).

He promised to come but circumstances delayed him(between parts of a complex sentence).

However he failed to come(at the beginning of a sentence, to link with the previous phrase).

When replacing "however" with "but", don't swap it in the sentence! Compare: However he failed to come. ("however" = "but") Come to him but, failed.) "however" = "but")

The word "however" is introductory when it cannot be replaced by the union "but" or when the particle "same" refers to it.

I. Determine by syntactic function in a sentence

3. Most of the words marked with an asterisk can act as predicates.

And happiness was so possible ...

His delusion is obvious. I think there will be a thunderstorm.

Simple cases

If after the words “it seems”, “it seemed”, “obviously”, “it is visible”, “it happened”, “I think”, “agree”, “maybe”, etc. there is a related union "what", then they perform the function not of introductory words, but of predicates in the main part of a complex sentence:

More

complex cases

[ The shacks huddled close to each other ] , and [ seems ] , ( that they patiently breathe, waiting for a new raid of a fierce whirlwind ) .

II. Define by meaning

Word

introductory

Not introductory

• at the beginning of a sentence
• meaning "for example"

thus

• in the meaning of "in this way", "in this way"
• is a circumstance

• in the meaning of "therefore", "therefore"
• indicates the order of presentation

generally

Indeed

• if after it there is or is meant the word "saying"

• in the meaning of "like this", "in this way"
• is a circumstance

• to express emotions: surprise, indignation, indignation

means

• in the sense of "as a whole", "in all respects"
• is a circumstance

• in the meaning of "actually", "actually"
• is a circumstance

• in the meaning of "therefore", "therefore"

• in the meaning of "means"
• is a predicate

Define by meaning

Word

introductory

primarily

Not introductory

• meaning "first"

maybe maybe

• meaning "first
• is a circumstance

• expresses the degree of confidence
• replaced with "possibly"

by the way

• if after it is or is meant the word "saying" or "to say"

finally

eventually

• in the meaning of "for sure", "for sure"
• is a circumstance

• in the meaning of "on time", "at the most opportune moment"
• is a circumstance

• if indicates the order of thoughts, completes the enumeration (other than that)
• if it follows information with the words “firstly”, “secondly” ...
• if it expresses an emotional assessment

• in the meaning of "at the end", "finally", "as a result"
• if there is a particle -then
• is a circumstance

III. Are not introductory words(regardless of intonation)

literally

as if, as it were, in addition, to top it off, moreover, moreover,

in the end

meanwhile, for sure, in its own way, I suppose, approximately simply supposedly

by advice

at the direction

by decision

by decree by design by order by tradition

These are the so-called "false" introductory words, i.e. words and expressions, which, as practice shows, are most often taken as introductory.

introductory suggestions

Introductory sentences are those that introduce additional information into the main sentence and are in no way connected with the syntactic structure of the main sentence.

If such sentences are joined with the help of unions, then the signs are placed in the same way as in ordinary complex sentences.

introductory suggestions

I. Uncommon sentences close to introductory words

Common sentences that clarify or supplement the main message

Separated with parentheses and dashes

Separated by commas

Appeals

Appeals - These are words denoting the person or thing to which the statement is addressed in the sentence.

Appeals are separated by commas, regardless of their place in the sentence, the way of expression and prevalence.

Goodbye, Onegin , I have to go. Rus , where are you rushing, give me an answer?

Don't get angry Your Excellency !

If the appeal is at the beginning of the sentence and is intonationally distinguished, then an exclamation mark is placed after it:

Tatiana, dear Tatiana! With you now I shed tears.

If the address is preceded by a particle that enhances the intonation of the address, it is not separated from it by a comma: Oh field, field who littered you with dead bones?

The presentation used materials from the Handbook "Secrets of Russian Punctuation" by Ya.V. Temiz - M., 1999

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Class: 8

Lesson implementation time: 45 minutes

The purpose of the lesson: study the new material “Introductory words and introductory sentences. Punctuation marks with them”

Tasks:

• Educational: introduce students to a new topic.
• Developing: develop the creative independence of students; communication and research skills.
• Educational: educate an initiative-active communicative personality,

Lesson type: learning new material lesson

Lesson form: design and search

Forms of study:

• collaborative learning
• game forms: heuristic, business, organizational and activity.

Equipment: Computers connected by a local network; projector, screen and portable laptops and USB sticks.

Method: problem-heuristic research

During the classes

I. Organizational moment

Lesson start:

Greetings,

An operator is appointed from among the students - this is a teacher's assistant, on his desktop - a laptop connected to a projector,

The teacher offers group cooperation (students create temporary mini-groups of 5-6 people, choose the manager of their association) and comments and recommendations, each group has a computer located on the local network, a portable laptop and a USB drive.

II. goal-setting

I would like to start the lesson with Chinese wisdom, which says so Presentation #1(slide number 1):

Tell me and I will forget;
Show me and I will remember;
Involve me and I will learn.
How do you understand these words?

Why did you give these words at the beginning of the lesson?

Of course, first of all, you need to master the activity yourself, then it will be easy for you to gain knowledge, which we will do in the lesson. Remove the textbooks, they will be useful to us at the end of the lesson.

The topic of the lesson is “Introductory words and introductory sentences. Punctuation marks with them ”(slide No. 2) ..

The topic is new. Don't forget the self-assessment sheets.

III. Immersion in the topic of the lesson

Task number 1 for groups:

Teacher: To be able to ask means to have a powerful weapon that makes a person successful in the modern world. A question is also a form of an answer. Create questions for your teacher about the new topic of the lesson. Do not forget that there is a triad of questions What? How? Why? Questions might start like this:

• What are the types of ... ..?
• What is the function of ........?
• What influences..............?
• How does it affect............?
• What happens if...........?
• How can this affect..........?
• What will you do if..............?
• Can it be definitively considered that ............?
• What is meant by………?
• Where can we meet……….?
• How do we characterize the concept of ……?

Questions can be intense - directed “deep” into the topic; extensive - directed "in breadth" of the topic, focused on interdisciplinary connections; creative questions are questions that deepen a given topic and, at the same time, affect a related topic, and even the topic of another subject. (on slide 3, 4).

Group performance.

Possible student responses for problem questions:

• What are introductory words?
• Are they members of the proposal or are they not?
• In what part of the sentence can they be?
• Are they punctuated?
• Does the meaning of the sentence change if we introduce such words into it?
• In what parts of the sentence can there be introductory words?
• What do they express?
• How do they stand out in writing?
• What are the groups of introductory words and sentences?
• What is the function of introductory words and sentences?

Teacher: Who had difficulty in writing the question? Why? Who was easy? Why? Don't forget the self-assessment sheets.

Task number 2 for groups:

Teacher: And now you are researchers, the topic of your scientific work is “Introductory words and sentences”. Try to determine the goals, objectives, hypothesis and object of study (slide number 5). Teacher's advice: work in pairs, discuss in a group.

Groups work, take portable laptops and USB drives for work, presentations are transferred to the screen.

We listen to managers, argue, correct, decide.

Task number 3 for groups:

Teacher: The object of study is “ Introductory words and sentences.”.I propose to construct your own search for knowledge on the topic of the lesson, i.e. choose your individually - group educational trajectory or action plan.

Groups work, take portable laptops and USB drives for work, presentations are transferred to the screen.

Group performance.

Possible student response:

1. Define the concept of “Introductory words and sentences”.

2. Determine whether they are members of the proposal or not.

3. Determine in which part of the sentence they can be.

4. Find out if they are distinguished by punctuation marks.

5. Determine what they express.

Teacher: Who has difficulty in this job? Why? Who was easy? Why? Don't forget the self-assessment sheets.

Task number 4 for groups:

Teacher: You have outlined a further plan of work on our topic. You are offered 15 sentences with introductory words and sentences, punctuation marks are placed. Consider proposals, draw conclusions according to the plan.

1. Fortunately, no one noticed me (T.). 2. Our dilapidated ship tilted, scooped up and solemnly went to the bottom, fortunately, not in a deep place (T.). 3. Vronsky, to his horror, felt that he had made a bad, unforgivable movement (L. T.). 4. In fact, my coachman did not find anything edible in the village (T.) .5. Mountain air, without any doubt, has a beneficial effect on human health (T.). 6. At the end of the game, they argued, as usual, quite loudly (G.). 7. For example, I used to walk down the street and bump into people (Vol.).8. But, unfortunately, at that time the governor (G.) turned up. 9. Therefore, you do not want to pass into the possession of Troekurov (P.). ). 11. You know what, Mitya, in my opinion, you like this girl (Sim.).12. I think you are used to these magnificent paintings (L.); 13. The lady herself - they talked about her - does not know how to distinguish boiled pork from veal ... (M. G.). 14. As the sailors say, the wind grew stronger (Ch.).15. She was a beautiful and, more importantly, a smart woman.

Groups work, take portable laptops and USB drives for work, presentations are transferred to the screen. Demonstration of educational products. Systematization of the received products. The operator demonstrates group presentations. Managers present the product of the group's joint activities. The teacher organizes a general discussion of the proposed options, students make additions, correct their directions, write down new research questions.

IV. Demonstration of educational educational products. Working with cultural counterparts

Teacher: And now open the Russian language textbooks. What haven't we figured out yet? Did everyone say so?

Teacher: Who has difficulties in this work? Why? Who was easy? Why? Don't forget the self-assessment sheets.

V. Correction of own conclusions. Drawing up tips and methods for studying theoretical and practical material

Task number 5 groups:

Teacher: Remember the whole lesson. Make up tips for studying theoretical and practical material.

Groups work, take portable laptops and USB drives for work, presentations are transferred to the screen.

Demonstration of educational products. Systematization of the received products. The operator demonstrates group presentations. Managers present the product of the group's joint activities.

The teacher organizes a general discussion of the proposed options, students make additions, correct their directions, write down new research tips.

VI. Working with cultural counterparts

Teacher: There is a method of heuristic research (slide No. 6). Compare with our compiled tips for studying theoretical and practical material. Is it the same with us? What to add?

Heuristic research method:

Choose the object of study

Determine the objectives of the study

Make a work plan

Collect some information about the object,

Do practical experiments

Write down new facts, questions and problems that have arisen, versions of answers, hypotheses, conclusions.

Teacher: Who has difficulties in this work? Why? Who was easy? Why? Don't forget the self-assessment sheets.

VII. Summary of the lesson. Reflective activity

Teacher: Look at the questions, have you all received an answer? I ask you to continue the sentence (slide number 7):

1. I worked at the lesson

2. With my work in the lesson, I

3. The lesson seemed to me

4. For the lesson I

5. My mood

6. The material of the lesson was

VIII. Homework at the choice of students (slide number 8)

Make a presentation “Introductory words and sentences”, including theoretical and practical material.

Study the textbook material, complete exercise No. 364.

Compose a heuristic task on the topic “Introductory words and sentences”.

Complete the simulator. Presentation #2.

Teacher: Thank you very much for the lesson! Hand over the assessment sheets (slide number 9).

Lesson map

Objectives: to form knowledge about introductory words and phrases

Develop the ability to analyze, find and highlight introductory words in sentences,

Cultivate love for the motherland .

• You, man, loving nature,
• Though sometimes feel sorry for her;
• On fun trips
• You do not trample on your native fields.

Strategy brainstorming

• . Stage 1:
• Think and write down everything you know or think about introductory words; Stage 2:
• Information exchange.

Introductory words and phrases (Kystyrma soz zhane soz tirkesi)

• Introductory words, phrases and sentences are called, with the help of which the speaker conveys his attitude to the content of the statement: confidence, uncertainty, etc.
• Introductory words, phrases are usually separated by commas if they are in the middle of a sentence, and separated by a comma if they are at the beginning or at the end of a sentence.

Values

Introductory words, phrases

Confidence

examples

Of course, of course, without a doubt, without a doubt, without a doubt

Uncertainty

Various feelings

Winter will certainly be snowy

It seems, probably, perhaps, maybe, apparently.

Source of the saying

Fortunately, unfortunately, in my opinion, as they say

Winter seems to be snowy

Winter, fortunately, will be snowy

According to, according to, in my opinion, as they say

The order of events and the relationship between them

According to the old-timers, the winter will be snowy

firstly, secondly, finally, therefore, therefore, thus, thus, for example

Evaluation of the method of expression, its clarification

Firstly, it rained all autumn, and secondly, the winter was snowy.

In other words, in a word, so to speak, to tell the truth, as they say

In a word, grandfather Shchukar became a coachman.

Read with correct intonation of the introductory words and phrases. Determine their meaning.

• Fortunately, the fever caught me in the county town. I confess that my head was spinning. All communication, so to speak, ceased altogether. The old woman, of course, guessed. Vladimir, to Yermolai's great consolation, did not shoot very well.

Write out sentences with introductory words, punctuating them. Explain your choice.

• Not a single thing was visible in the yard. Apparently another letter did not reach the address! The train carried me to happiness. Luckily the station was close. He seemed to feel his dignity. The sun seemed to be a huge hot ball. The decision of the arbitrator was indisputable and justified. You are undeniably lucky.

Transform sentences by inserting introductory words and phrases and write them down, put punctuation marks.

• Partners (object) against the terms of delivery of goods proposed by us.
• Negotiations (occur) in complete secrecy.
• We (object) against putting the plant into operation.
• Quarrel between brothers (resolved) by reconciliation.
• We managed (to get) to the concert of a popular pop singer, laureate of many international competitions.
• He managed to win despite the injury received before the competition.

Work on the text ex. 235, pp. 169-170

• We are building PYRAMID 1. About what. (1 word) 2. Features. (2 words) 3. Place and time. (3 words) 4. Main events. (4 words) 5. Main characters. (5 words) 6. Your emotions. (6 words) 7. Addendum to paragraph 1 (7 words) 8. Own opinion about what was read. (8 words)

Solving the test

1. Introductory words are:

A) words that answer the same question and are the same members of the sentence

B) special words or combinations of words with which the speaker expresses his attitude to what he reports.

C) words that designate an object and depend on the predicate or another member of the sentence.

2. Determine the type of introductory word in the sentence: The ship will depart, of course, not earlier than dawn.

A) confidence B) uncertainty C) different feelings E) order of events

3. Indicate the category of a separate member in the sentence: Blushing with shame, he could not utter a word. A) addition B) qualifying member C) circumstance E) definition

4. Indicate the sentence where the introductory word denotes various feelings:

A) Fortunately, the fever caught me in the county town. B) The old woman, of course, guessed

C) It seems that my head is spinning D) In ​​a word, grandfather Shchukar became a coachman

5. Indicate the sentence where the introductory word denotes uncertainty:

A) Winter seems to be snowy B) So there will be a lot of moisture in the fields

C) In addition to money, business correspondence is stored in the cash box

D) Summer will be hot

Checking the test:

Game: "The best translator".

Zhaz shyқkaly Toқsabanyң koңіlі қosh edі. There үyden bezіp, auyldardyң siyr zhayylmaityn, bұzau torpak shiyrlamaytyn қyrat betіne, құyқaly buryl betegeli өrtengge kөne kiіz үyіn tiktirgen. Soңgy zhyldary, anau bir zamanda aynaldyryp ketken tyma, baspa, құyan, shoyyrylma siyaқty mazasyz, kadirsіz syrkattardan mulde derlik ayyққan. Tek anda sanda bass auyryp, zhuregi alkynatyn. Ohan man bergen emes. Eludіn ishinde karіlіktі moyyndap edі, qazir alpystyn togyzynda. Tyn, shirak. Alda talai ғұmyr bar siyaқty. Korer kyzygy da alda turgany kumansiz.

Ozіnіn he zhetіdegi өresіne Narіk he tөrtіnde zhettі. Endi bir ekі zhylda, zhok, үsh zhylda, zhalpy bilim beretin orta mekteptі bitirer kezde dombyranyң zhoғary darezhelі academy son and tamamdary anyқ. Shertysi kazirdіn ozinde ғazhap. Ozіnіn tugan atasy Toқsabanyn serpinі bar. Bir ak körgende talaiyn zhazbay tanygan batagöy atasy Aitannyn asemdіgi bar.

Lesson summary:

• What are introductory words?
• What are the meanings of introductory words?

Homework:

• Exercise 236, page 170. prepare for a dialogue to discuss the program “Strategy “Kazakhstan-2050””, exercise 238, page 171, write off, punctuating, in order of increasing number of complicating terms: with one, with two, etc. d.