Buried containers: the pros and cons of installing large underground tanks. Buried waste containers Dustbins dug into the ground

Details Created on 18.05.2013 05:40

At the end of 2010, recently installed buried containers in the Solnechny microdistrict were closed in Irkutsk. Old metal tanks were reinstalled in front of the modern container yard. And the picture again became familiar: torn bags, garbage and stray dogs.

In total, as part of the experiment, the authorities installed about fifteen buried containers in Solnechnoye. According to the vice-mayor of Irkutsk, Dmitry Razumov, the management company, on whose territory the containers are located, has concluded an agreement on garbage collection with a private enterprise that does not have the appropriate equipment to service the new tanks. Therefore, it was decided to preserve them.

A similar story happened in the north of Moscow. Next to brand new round tanks, hastily painted old metal ones also coexist. In total, more than 3,000 buried containers have already been installed in the capital, and a significant part of them are not properly serviced. Residents of the northern district of the capital for almost a year to no avail bombarded with letters of complaint from representatives of the prefecture.

Why do such situations arise?

The underground waste collection system is widely used all over the world, and a lot of experience has been gained in its operation. But, apparently, when introducing fashionable Western technology, public utilities do not always take into account an important rule. In order for the technology to work, its implementation must be provided with the right technology and equipment, correspond to the current state of the market and the mindset of the consumer, and most importantly, all technological requirements for the installation of equipment must be strictly observed.

The waste storage system in containers partially buried underground was developed in Finland over 20 years ago. By that time, technologies for separate waste collection were already actively used in this country, the market was developing towards reducing the cost of garbage disposal. The main arguments in favor of this method were the saving of space for the site, its appearance, and most importantly, the ability to take out the garbage less often. For Finland, a country with a low population density, this system fit perfectly. It is unprofitable to take out garbage from sites dispersed over large areas every day. The buried container allows you to accumulate waste for several days and take out certain types of waste as it accumulates. For non-perishable fractions - glass, plastic - large containers are installed, they can rarely be exported. For MSW - smaller containers for more frequent emptying. At the same time, household waste does not deteriorate as quickly as in a conventional tank. The container is tightly closed with a lid, and the temperature underground is much lower. In addition, the Finnish open spaces allow a car with a long crane-manipulator to freely drive up to the container (only such equipment can work with buried tanks).

Later, the technology spread to central and southern Europe. Underground tanks are installed there at remote gas stations, in pedestrian and park areas, and in squares. Where the garbage does not need to be taken out every day, and it is lighter in composition. Basically, these are plastic and glass bottles, pieces of paper: everything that can be thrown away just passing by.

In Russia, underground containers are used in St. Petersburg, Moscow, Irkutsk, Omsk, Izhevsk, Voronezh, Murmansk and other cities. The European technology in our country was immediately redrawn in a new way and they began to install buried containers in the residential sector, in the conditions of high-rise buildings. Moreover, one underground container is installed instead of 5-6 ordinary ones, which means that garbage will have to be taken out of it again every day. There can be no talk of any time savings. If it takes about 20 seconds to load a conventional 1.1 m3 Euro tank with a modern lifting device, then emptying a 5 cc bag from an underground tank is not a quick matter. The operator needs to transfer the CMU from the transport position to the working position, extend the outriggers or hydraulic supports, pick up the bag, empty it, and then do all these operations in reverse order. All this time, most likely, the garbage truck will interfere with the passage of cars, bicycles and strollers.

It is worth paying special attention to the fact that deep-type containers are designed specifically for light waste. On average, according to European experience, a fully filled 5 cubic sack should weigh no more than 400 kg. Russian practice shows that, being stuffed with heavy household waste, such a bag weighs about a ton. This entails increased requirements for container materials and equipment that will serve it. The bag must have an appropriate margin of safety, and the boom of the crane-manipulator must have a load capacity (at least 1000 kg at maximum reach). Otherwise, the bags will constantly tear, the garbage will wake up, and the equipment will fail. The most important performance characteristics of the CMU include the length of the boom. It should be sufficient to reach the container when it is impossible to drive close to the site due to the many cars parked around it. Many problems can also be caused by improper installation and the use of structural elements that do not correspond to the technology. For example, in some cases, instead of a sealed plastic or concrete capsule, container bags are placed in containers made of ordinary concrete rings for country wells and are constantly heated by groundwater. And the bags themselves are often not made from original high-strength materials in order to reduce the cost, as a result of which they cannot withstand the loads placed on them.

In Moscow, new containers also suffer from a lack of parking spaces. Buried container yards, in accordance with the concept of saving space in cramped Moscow yards, do not have a protective fence. In one of these yards, an inexperienced driver, trying to win back a piece of parking for himself, damaged an expensive container, after which its use became impossible. The replacement of the container is not provided for by the budget, and for a long time it turns into a local "unauthorized dump". The rest of the containers are also constantly overflowing.

The method of garbage disposal from buried containers is also common in small flatbed trucks with a manipulator. Such a machine can serve only 1-2 container sites, after which it must go to the disposal site. It is impossible to reload garbage from such a vehicle into a more spacious garbage truck within the city without auxiliary means. The cost of exporting one container in this way is very high, and all these costs, of course, fall on the consumer.

An example of a correct and reasonable approach is the Tomsk enterprise MUP "Spetsavtokhozyaystvo". The company set up a trial site with buried containers and immediately purchased a special machine for its maintenance – a Zoeller Medium series garbage truck on a Scania chassis with rear loading, a crane-manipulator unit and a lifting device for euro containers. This machine is versatile. It can load garbage not only from underground tanks, but also from ordinary tanks and quickly pays off the investment. A long service interval, no unscheduled downtime due to breakdowns, low fuel consumption of an imported chassis - all this saves money for both the waste disposal company and service consumers.

The volume of the Zoeller Medium XL body is eighteen cubic meters. This means that at a pressing ratio of 1:6, its hopper can hold 108,000 liters of waste. And this is about 22 buried containers with a volume of 5 m3. Typically, such a machine runs two schedules a day. That is, in a day it will serve up to 44 containers and only go to the landfill twice. A small car will load 44 containers in 22 steps, but it will not physically be able to go to the disposal site 22 times, that is, at least four such cars will be needed.

Now let's compare costs. A small car spends about 20 liters of gasoline per 100 kilometers. Large - 50. But four small cars are already spending 80 liters per 100 km. When the landfill is 25 km from the city, they will cover at least 300 km per day, and the Zoeller garbage truck no more than 150. In addition, these four vehicles need to be bought, maintained, maintained, and even pay a salary of 8 units of personnel, instead of 2. According to the manufacturers of this vehicle, the RG-Techno company located near Moscow, the Zoeller garbage truck with CMU is the optimal solution for servicing buried containers. The machine can operate in any region of Russia: the hydraulic system functions stably at temperatures from -50°С to +50°С. The margin of safety of the body and the pressing mechanism allows even the loading of CGO. The main design feature of the machine is the combined loading device. If an organization serves various types of containers and platforms, this versatility will significantly save on logistics. An additional hydraulically controlled special receiver increases the capacity of the receiving hopper to 5 m3. This means that the contents of a 5-cc bag can be easily unloaded without spilling debris.

Now MUE "Spetsavtokhozyaystvo" continues to introduce a new waste collection technology. During the use of the trial container site, the Tomsk communal services identified another difficulty: the small dimensions of the hatches do not allow throwing bulky bags of garbage into the tank. After all, the standard European design is designed for small portions of pre-sorted waste. But at subsequent sites, tanks with an enlarged loading opening were installed, and this problem was solved.

The company's specialists, together with the city authorities, have chosen the right tactics. In Tomsk, buried containers will be installed mainly not in the courtyards of residential buildings, but in public places - in parks, boulevards and squares. Spetsavtokhozyaystva plans to purchase from RG-Techno another Zoeller universal garbage truck with CMU with a larger body capacity.

Practice shows that even in the case of borrowing a technology that has been proven over the years, it is necessary to correctly adapt it to the existing realities. Companies and municipalities that are just about to get into the installation and maintenance of buried containers already have something to rely on. Their colleagues in the regions of Russia have already accumulated some experience, both positive and negative, which can be taken into account and no longer make such mistakes.

OPINION.Roman Lobov, Executive Director of RG-Techno LLC:
In my opinion, one cannot say that the system of underground waste accumulation is bad or not suitable for our country, based only on the bad experience of some cities and companies. Europeans are very rational. The fact that this technology is constantly developing in Europe indicates that it has the right to exist if it is applied pointwise, where it is appropriate.

Our clients often turn to us for advice when they are going to expand their range of services: install and maintain buried containers. We try to help them choose the right direction, master a new market segment with maximum efficiency both for themselves and for their clients. We pass on to them not only our knowledge, but also the wide capabilities of our equipment, which is backed by 65 years of experience in waste management in Europe. Models of Zoeller garbage trucks that we offer in Russia meet the highest requirements and are maximally adapted for operation in our country.

Now for one of our customers we have developed a new machine for handling euro containers and underground bunkers. The crane-manipulator installation of this garbage truck is mounted not behind the cab, but on the roof of the body. This allowed us to reduce the cost of construction, reduce the time of bringing the crane boom into working position and increase the body volume to 21.5 m3. Another important point: the center of rotation of the CMU is shifted towards the rear. This means that even when it is difficult to drive to the location of the container, the outreach of the crane is not 12, but only 7.5 m. We encourage our customers not to be afraid of the new. Market leadership often depends on who is the first to occupy a new niche. The main thing is to choose the right approach and the most effective and reliable technique to achieve the goal.

Every day, tons of garbage accumulate in megacities, small towns and other settlements. Street garbage containers and bins located near institutions and residential buildings quickly overflow. They exude an unpleasant odor and spoil the view of the landscape, attract rodents and insects, becoming sources of dangerous diseases. What solutions exist today? A breakthrough in waste disposal technology was the underground waste collection system developed by Villiger from Switzerland.

How is garbage stored and collected in underground containers?

The Swiss company Villiger presented a conceptual solution for waste disposal. These are underground containers that are hermetically connected to waste bins located on the surface. Waste containers are lowered into and out of the shaft using a hydraulic lift. When they are full, they are removed using the TER control panel of the SPA series, loaded onto a garbage truck and taken to a waste disposal point.

Underground container systems are airtight, take up little space and hold 5-7 times more waste than traditional trash cans. Above-ground waste bins organically fit into the urban landscape, do not exude stench, and there is no falling debris around them. Tanks do not need to be opened and moved during the shipment of the contents, which makes maintenance as simple and cheap as possible. Access to them is carried out by cards, and its owner pays only for what he threw away.

Villiger Underground Disposal Systems are versatile and practical due to the fact that they are fully automated. They are convenient to use, even if you need to ship household waste or construction waste directly from the truck body. It is enough to pay for the shipment with a card, after which the platform with a hydraulic lift rises, making it possible to unload the waste into the waste collection chamber.

Why underground waste bins are convenient?

Underground waste disposal systems are a versatile and cost-effective solution.

• The large capacity of the containers allows you to store a large amount of garbage in a small area.
• There can be several garbage collectors, depending on the amount of garbage on the site, up to 5 containers are installed.
• The storage is suitable for different types of waste: organic waste, Paper, cardboard, PET containers and textiles.
• Waste does not harm people and the environment, which confirms the environmental friendliness of the storage system.
• The storage is hygienic, it is excluded that a bird, rodent or pet will accidentally get into the waste bin.
• The waste bin is easy to use, and its configuration does not spoil the urban landscape.

The storage facilities are airtight and protected from accidental ingress of moisture and precipitation, so they last longer and the garbage in them does not decompose.
Containers are safe to use and maintain. Their lid is not heavy and devoid of sharp corners. The locking mechanism ensures maximum fire safety of the contents and eliminates spillage.
If you buy a container for underground storage and disposal of waste, the costs will quickly pay off. Why? Due to the large volume tanks, which allows not only to store a large amount of garbage, but also to increase the interval for its removal.

Separate storage of waste - how is it arranged?

With an underground storage system, the problem of separate waste collection is easily solved, which significantly improves the environmental situation in megacities and small towns. Its shape and appearance fits well into the urban environment and improves the appearance of residential and industrial areas.

As a result, we suggest watching a video of the operation of such a system:

In the Kaluga region, garbage containers are being installed, from which nothing can be removed manually. New tanks are almost completely buried in the ground - only a cover with a hatch rises above the surface. The authorities refer to the European experience and assure that no one has come up with anything better yet.

The first modern garbage tanks were installed in the vicinity of Kaluga. They rise above the ground by only a meter, and two-thirds are buried. A special crane removes the accumulated waste from them - it takes out liners from the containers and cleans them, dumping the contents into a garbage truck. Thanks to their large capacity, they need to be emptied less frequently than conventional waste bins.

This is the first experience in Russia borrowed from Germany. It will significantly reduce the cost of garbage collection and its transportation to the city dump.

Multifunctional crane trucks, which the authorities also want to attract to collect large debris, are purchased at the expense of the regional budget. At the expense of the local treasury, new garbage sites will also be equipped and 240 new containers will be purchased. It is planned to install "deep" tanks in the suburbs - in the private sector and dacha cooperatives.

New containers already inspected Head of Kaluga Nikolai Polezhaev. He was especially pleased with the technology of removing garbage from the tank. “The use of such containers is modern and civilized,” the official said.

Video

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Similar containers have been used in Europe for 15 years. There they are divided by type of garbage: plastic is thrown into some, glass into others, etc. In Russia, such separation of waste is only in the future. The key advantage of in-ground containers is that the garbage in them is compacted under its own weight. And due to the fact that part of the tank is underground, the garbage does not heat up in hot weather, which helps to avoid unpleasant odors.

In turn, skeptics point out that, for example, if the tank lid is not closed, stray animals or homeless people who are looking for glass containers, clothes and food in the garbage can fall into it. However, experts say that this is impossible due to the design features of special containers.

E-mine, it seems that we have no other problems in Kaluga, except for putting garbage into nano-tanks. People have nowhere to live, roads are broken, there is no gas in the villages, for that money was found in the budget for super tanks for garbage! Maybe this is a cool initiative, but not a top priority. Why didn't they like the old tanks? Take them out regularly and everything will be fine. And if there are interruptions in the export of new tanks, then you will have to look for these containers under the mountains of garbage.

The container is undeniably beautiful. And now let's imagine such a life situation: someone made repairs at home, and construction waste (pieces of tiles, bits of pipes, boards and old toilet bowls) he quietly puts into this super-meganan container. And in the morning an expensive crane will arrive to pull out a huge bag from this giga-urn, and what will happen? either a torn bag, or a crane that has fallen on its side, or both. Well, it's not practical at all! Yes, if ordinary garbage simply migrates into it (pass by the containers and evaluate what lies in them and nearby), this plastic bucket with a fire extinguisher will not live long.

Three new dumpsters have already been installed near the village Kosarevo, next to a spring popular with Kaluga residents. In the near future, new containers will appear in the village Nekrasovo. At the same time, in the settlement there is not only a garbage dump, but also no water supply, street lighting, a shop, a pharmacy, and suburban buses do not go there.

In fact, a cool thing - they look beautiful, aesthetically pleasing. In addition, they are environmentally friendly - the wind and dogs will not take away the garbage. I know the village trash cans - the wind blew and the garbage was blown all over the district, besides, there are rarely garbage trucks in the villages and waste accumulates in the mountains. And this is the solution to the problem.

A garbage container should be foolproof to the point of madness, how long did the old Soviet-era containers serve? And the new cool ones on wheels? But of course, the new ones are prettier. But beauty should not be at the expense of functionality, and here we are seeing exactly that.

In the "Ideas for the City" section, The Village talks about useful, convenient and simply unusual projects that are invented and implemented in different cities of the world with one goal - to make people's lives better. This issue will focus on the underground waste collection system, which was introduced back in the 90s by the Finnish engineer Veikko Sally.

launch

The first underground waste container system was implemented by the Finnish company Molok Oy. An unusual solution for the collection of municipal solid waste was proposed by the founder of the company, Veikko Sally.

Experimental buried containers began to be installed in various Finnish cities in the 90s. Citizens liked the possibility of underground collection and storage of garbage, because it had a number of advantages over conventional garbage containers and, importantly, made the city landscape more beautiful.

Promotion

Initially, two-thirds of the elongated garbage containers were underground. This unusual design made it possible to store large volumes of garbage, made it possible to empty the trash cans less often, improved hygiene conditions and allowed more rational use of the territory.

Modern underground waste collection and storage systems look somewhat different: garbage containers are lowered into the mine on a special elevator, and only garbage bins remain on the surface, which operate on the principle of a conventional garbage chute.

The more expensive underground waste storage system is an improved version of the original technology. Here, the waste bin and the container are a single whole, thanks to which it is possible to achieve complete tightness, and system maintenance takes less time (no need to push and adjust the tanks). Plus, depending on the size, these bins can hold up to five times more trash than the traditional trash cans we see every day in our yards.

The most perfect system is the regional vacuum garbage chute, which works on the principle of pneumatic mail. Garbage is compacted in ordinary bins, then flies to a distribution point, after which it is taken straight to landfills. Garbage chutes of all houses in the district can be connected to such systems.

Result

The system created by Veikko Sally has a number of benefits:

Garbage removal is paid separately, so access to the underground waste collection system is sometimes available only with cards, this relevant for the private sector, which often has its own trash cans. In this case, only “authorized residents” can use the garbage chute.

To avoid “mutual responsibility”, a billing system is being introduced: each tenant pays only for what he threw out. In addition, the garbage bin can be equipped with scales and scanners for accurate weighing and garbage recognition.

Underground waste collection system, thanks to the large capacity of containers, reduces transportation costs. By lifting the bag, accurate and easy weighing of the waste can be ensured. The product is durable, has a long service life and works very well in areas with mass development. Key advantage vertical container is that the debris is compacted under the action of its own gravity.

Lid deep container for MSW loading is easy, convenient to use and closes automatically. This prevents precipitation, birds, animals from entering the system, which protects the environment. The removable bag is emptied from below precisely and gently. This design prevents liquid spillage and debris spillage. Thanks to the vertical design of the system, older debris is placed at the bottom of the bin, where the low ground temperature limits bacterial growth and reduces odors in the summer and prevents it from freezing in the winter.

The vertical arrangement of the structure allows for more significant space savings in residential yards than with surface containers, which makes it possible to increase the area of ​​​​landscaping, playgrounds, car parking spaces, etc.

Safe to use and operate. The filling lid locking mechanism increases safety and reduces the risk of fire. The emptying process is safe and free from risks such as heavy lids and sharp corners, faulty or poorly functioning wheels, spillage of slippery or foul-smelling waste. This system does not require the installation of elements required for container sites: fencing and a solid base.

Thanks to its shape, modern and ergonomic design, buried container creates a favorable view of the areas of mass development and the central streets of the city. A variety of colors and materials for the external finish of the drive allows you to use this system in harmony with a variety of architectural solutions. The collection, storage and disposal of household waste using an underground storage can not only improve the condition of residential areas, implement a program for the separate collection of waste, but also radically change the approach of the population to solving the issue of storage and disposal of garbage.

The economic effect of an underground reservoir of a buried type:

• one person, he is the driver, is engaged in unloading garbage from the tanks. Whereas at least 2-3 people are involved in unloading garbage from tanks in traditional MSW collection systems;
  
• there is no such phenomenon as the scattering of garbage during unloading, therefore, there is no need for constant cleaning of solid waste sites after each waste removal;
  
• garbage in buried tanks is compacted, under its own weight, respectively, the number of entrances for the removal of solid waste is reduced;
  
• when re-equipping existing sites for the collection of solid waste, it is possible to significantly increase the loading capacity. And as a result, reduce the number of trips to clean the tanks;
  
• tanks are made of materials that are not of interest to those involved in the theft of black and non-ferrous metal;
  
• there is no need for regular touch-up and welding of tanks. Buried type tanks require minimal maintenance;
  
• the design of the lid allows you to hang a lock, thereby restricting access to unauthorized persons (in particular, malicious non-payers and unauthorized persons);
  
• it is possible to manufacture tanks with lids of various colors for the organization of separate collection of solid waste.
  

Installing a buried container:

• the container is buried in the ground to a depth of 1600 mm;
  
• earthworks, taking into account the alignment of the bottom of the pit and the method of anchoring the container, are carried out to a depth of 1700-1800mm;
  
• depending on the type of soil and the level of groundwater, a decision is made on the method of anchoring;
  
• the sinuses of the pit are covered with suitable soil or sand; it is impossible to fill up waterlogged or clayey soil;
• the upper part around the container is finished at the discretion of the Customer (Finishing with paving slabs, screening, marble chips, asphalting).
  

The storage kit includes: a container body with an external finish of the above-ground part and a support ring, a main cover assembly, a lifting bag with a locking device assembly, a quick discharge system for the storage tank, anchoring brackets.