Children a story about orientation in the area. Information-practice-oriented project "Journey through the streets of our city" project (senior group) on the topic

Dear Guys! Today I want to talk with you about how to find your way home if you went to the forest for a walk for mushrooms, for berries and ended up in an unfamiliar place.
Do you know the German fairy tale "Hansel and Gretel"?
If not, I will remind you of it. Once upon a time there was a woodcutter's family. And she had nothing to feed the children - Hansel and Gretel, and then the parents decided to bring the children to a dense forest thicket and leave them there. But Hansel accidentally overheard the conversation of his parents in the evening, got up, put on his jacket, opened the door to the hallway and quietly got out into the street. At that time, the moon shone brightly and the white pebbles lying in front of the hut shone like piles of silver coins. Hansel bent down and stuffed a full pocket. When the children were taken into the forest in the morning, Hansel threw stones on the road. On these pebbles, the children were able to return home late in the evening. Mom and dad were very happy to see their kids, because they already regretted that they had treated them so cruelly! What happened to the children next, you will find out if you read the German fairy tale Hansel and Gretel.
Hunters, mushroom pickers, berry pickers, once in the forest, try to remember the way, making notches on the trees, noting various landmarks - deep ravines, streams, rivers, large boulders, lonely trees. They also know special signs that help to navigate in the forest.
Even in ancient times, people divided the entire space surrounding a person into four parts and called them cardinal points. These are north, south, west and east. In the east the sun always rises, and in the west it sets, where the sunset burns at the evening hour. There is a special device, invented in ancient times in China, with which you can determine where the north and south, west and east are.
The compass has a magnetized needle that can rotate around an axis. One end is painted red. It points to the south, the other one points to the blue. He points north. If you stand facing north, then on your right hand you will have east, and on your left - west.
* You can bring to class and show the children the compass.
If the traveler did not have a compass with him, then you can determine the cardinal points by some signs of nature. What are these signs? For example, mosses and lichens that cover the north side of trees and rocks.
If you find yourself in a pine or spruce forest, take a closer look at where the resin protrudes more. Usually resin is more on the southern part of the tree trunk.
* * *
The pines doze silently.
From the warm, south side
On the pine they shine beautifully
Drops of large resin.

Try to remember that ants build their anthills to the south of the nearest trees or bushes and make the southern slope of the anthill flatter.

In ancient times, travelers and navigators determined the path on special maps, which depicted stars and constellations. There are a lot of stars in the sky! It is difficult to remember them. Therefore, they were divided into groups, connected by lines. Such groups of stars are called constellations.
The constellations Ursa Major and Ursa Minor are clearly visible in the midnight sky. Such names were given to the constellations by the ancient Greeks. Many hundreds of years have passed, the stars have moved in the sky, and now they are, perhaps, more like the Big and Small Dippers.
Big Dipper
Flickering and glowing

The constellation is like a bucket,
And the ladle does not look like a bear at all!
With the help of this constellation, you can determine the cardinal points: south, north, east and west.
Let's try to do this. First, let's look for the Big Dipper in the sky - a Bucket of seven bright stars. Let's enlarge the side of the Bucket (which is opposite the handle) 6 times, and it will point to the North Star. Let's face the North Star - in front we will have the north, behind - the south, on the right hand - the east, on the left - the west.
Try to guess the riddle:
Which star will show us the way to the north always?
(Children answer.)
Right! This is the North Star.
Dear Guys! Now you know a lot of signs by which you can determine the cardinal points and find your way to the house if you find yourself in an unfamiliar area.
Questions and tasks
1. What cardinal directions do you know?
2. What device will help travelers find the right path?
3. Draw a compass.
4. What signs help travelers determine the cardinal directions? Tell us in detail about them.
5. Where does the North Star point?
6. Try to find her at night in the sky.

System of game exercises

I stage
(Classes with children 4 years old)

1. Exercises performed in the group room and at home:

“Show and name what is located in front (behind, left, right)”;

"Explain where the toy is";

“Take the pyramid and put it on the shelf on the right”;

Task: find a toy in the room according to the verbal instructions of an adult (for example: “Go straight, turn left at the table, go to the last window and look for a doll on the right”);

Various tasks to find an object by the number of steps.

2. Similar tasks performed on the territory of the kindergarten and in the courtyard of the house:

Introductory tour of the kindergarten site and the courtyard of the house (task: to formulate where everything is located in relation to the child);

Finding a toy at the verbal direction of an adult (for example: “Go straight along the path to the sandbox, turn left, go to the house, you will find a toy there”).

II stage
(Classes with children 5 years old)

1. Working with a model of a doll room with furniture (joint examination of the doll room and its depiction by adults using the simplest geometric shapes).

2. Creation by adults, with the active help of children, of a map-scheme of a play or living room, the boundaries of which are walls with windows and doors.

3. Conversation with the examination of the map-scheme of the premises. Tasks: show and name the object in the room, find its image on the map (you can use color as an assistant).

4. Individual drawing up by children of a map-scheme of a group or their room on a piece of paper. (An adult's help is needed to keep the chart to scale.)

5. Exercises with a map.

The adult with a dotted line depicts on the map the route along which the child is invited to “pass”.

Competitions: who will pass their route faster and more accurately.

Important tips:
when moving, the map-scheme must be kept in front of you so that its main details - walls, windows, doors - coincide with their true location;
constant landmark: first look at the door.

Games "Find where the toys are hidden", "Arrange the toys as indicated on the map-scheme."

6. Orientation on the site of the kindergarten (in the courtyard of the house).

Studying the symbols of trees, bushes, equipment, coloring of symbols.

Drawing up a site plan for adults and children.

Exercises: “Walk through our site from the veranda to the sandbox, while moving in accordance with the arrows shown on the map”, “How to get from the veranda to the sandbox?”.

Joint drawing up by adults and children of a map-scheme of two or three group sites.

Compilation of "small" cards by each child who wishes.

Card game.

The site is conditionally divided into 4 routes: for example, red, blue, yellow, green. As landmarks, objects or toys of the four colors familiar to children are placed on the routes. On the map-scheme, the routes are shown with color signs corresponding to the placed landmarks, which at the same time are turn signals along the route.
Each member of the team (the team consists of about four children) is given a map showing the route ahead. Children must follow their route, memorize landmarks, and then draw them with felt-tip pens on a common map. You can also follow the route by bike.

Independent games like "Cossacks-robbers": one of the teams runs away, marking its direction with arrows, the other is looking for it.

Stage III
(Classes with children 6 years old)

1. The study of a map-scheme compiled by adults of the entire territory of the kindergarten (you can focus on several options for maps).

2. Joint drawing up by adults and children of a map-scheme of the territory of the kindergarten.

3. Exercises in orienteering on the ground using reduced maps. First, the place of "start" and "finish" is the door, gate or gate, then other landmarks.

"Street Labyrinths"

"Hunting for animals." Pictures depicting various predatory animals are attached to small cardboard boxes. Pictures are placed on the territory of the kindergarten, serving as route marks. The list of animals on a particular route is drawn by the teacher on the control card. As the route progresses, children collect pictures of animals and give them to an adult to evaluate the task.

Memory development exercises: a part of the territory of the kindergarten is closed on the map and children are invited to draw it from memory.

Treasure hunt game. Children are given a map-scheme of two sites with the designation of the point where the "treasure" is hidden. It is required to find the "treasure" according to the plan.

Games-competitions on bicycles along the route.

The game "Traffic Light": participants follow the map in the hands of an adult: "green" means fast running, "yellow" - slow, "red" - stop.

Games: "The most observant", "Who is faster", "Pathfinders", "Do not get lost", "Find and remember", "The most attentive".

4. Introduction to the compass.

Examination, examination, adult's story about the device and its purpose.

Exercises and games with the compass (choosing the direction of movement by the compass).

5. Orientation by the sun, moon, stars.

6. Orientation by natural phenomena, objects.

7. Orienteering competitions in the kindergarten area.

8. Tourist walks in nearby parks.

9. Family hiking trips (hiking, cycling, car).

10. Possible perspective: holding a family tourist rally.

Olga SAPOZHNIKOVA,
senior educator of preschool educational institution No. 213,
Rostov-on-Don

One of the most important areas in pedagogy is patriotic education. Love for the Fatherland begins with love for one's small homeland. The purposeful acquaintance of children with their native land, city, street is rightfully considered the foundation of patriotism.

Therefore, one of the priority areas of work in our group was getting to know our city, in particular the creative project "Journey through the streets of our city."

Download:

Preview:

To use the preview of presentations, create a Google account (account) and sign in: https://accounts.google.com

Slides captions:

Information-practice-oriented project "Journey through the streets of our city" Protvino 2015 Completed by: educator of the 1st qualification category Mamykina I.I.

About the project Project participants: children of the senior group, teachers, parents. Project classification - long-term (annual)

Relevance One of the most important areas in pedagogy is patriotic education. Love for the Fatherland begins with love for one's small homeland. The purposeful acquaintance of children with their native land, city, street is rightfully considered the foundation of patriotism. Therefore, one of the priority areas of work in our group was getting to know our city, in particular the creative project "Journey through the streets of our city."

The goal of the project is to introduce children to the history and culture of their native city through acquaintance with the streets of the immediate environment.

Tasks 1. To instill in children a love for their native city. 2. Expand children's ideas about the history of the streets of their native city, enrich vocabulary and coherent speech. 3. To form spatial representations in children, the ability to navigate the streets of their native city, using maps and diagrams. 4. Promote the active involvement of parents in joint activities with the child. 5. To enrich parent-child relationships with the experience of joint activities through the formation of ideas about the streets of their native city. 6. Teach how to apply the acquired knowledge in practice.

Expected result For children: The initial formation of knowledge about the streets of their native city, their history, sights. Representation of orientation based on a map, scheme. The ability to organize role-playing games based on the acquired knowledge. For parents: Increasing interest in joint activities of children, teachers and parents. Positive changes in parent-child interaction style.

Stage I - preparatory Activities: A survey and conversations that reveal the knowledge and ideas of preschoolers and parents about who the street on which they live is named after. Making a parent corner with recommendations on the topic of the project. Selection of didactic aids, demonstration material, methodical literature, books on the subject of the project. Collection of photographs, illustrations, books, calendars, postcards with views of the city. Monthly scheduling.

Month Contents of the work Purpose September 1 Collection of photographs, illustrations, books, calendars, postcards with views of the city. Arouse children's interest in the project "Streets of our city" 2 Acquaintance with the history of their native city Consolidate children's knowledge about the streets, sights of their native city. 3 Design of the album "My hometown" To consolidate the knowledge of the streets of the city, residential areas by children. Maintain interest in the project. 4 Target walk on Detsky pr-d Expand children's ideas about the history of the streets of their native city, enrich vocabulary and coherent speech. Stage II - main October 1 GCD "Names of our streets" - To acquaint children with the history of the streets; - Instill love for your city, a sense of pride. 2 Didactic game "Tour of the city" To consolidate the skills of orientation, knowledge of administrative and cultural buildings, residential areas. 3 Evening of poems about Protvino - Raise interest in literature; - Strengthen the ability to listen, memorize, understand poetry. 4 Target walk to Sosnovy pr-d and "Fairy Town" To consolidate children's knowledge of the streets of the city, residential areas To arouse children's interest in traveling on the map November 1 Conversation "Through the streets of our city." To acquaint children with the history of our streets, to instill love for their city. 2 GCD "What was before, what is now" - Using photographs, postcards, show the difference between how the city looked before and how it looks now; - To instill love for one's native land, to cultivate a sense of pride in one's city. 3 Club of Experts “Do you know your city?” To reveal the knowledge and ideas of children about the names of the streets of our city. 4 Target walk on Parkovy Prospekt To form spatial representations in children, the ability to navigate the streets of their native city, using maps and diagrams.

December 1 Drawing up stories “The street where I live” To form the ability to compose a story, the ability to listen 2 Learning poems about the city Consolidate children's knowledge about their hometown 3 Board game “Tell me about your city”. Enrichment of knowledge about social and cultural facilities located in the city 4Excursion to Shkolnaya Street To consolidate the skills of orientation, knowledge of administrative and cultural buildings, residential areas. January 1 Reading stories about the city and the streets Develop an interest in your hometown and its attractions. 2 Game "Journey around the city." - To consolidate the knowledge of children on the topic "City Streets"; - Arouse interest in children to travel on the map. 3 Application "Streets of our city". To consolidate the skills of compositional construction of drawing 4 Target walk to Pobeda street - Aleeva Square E.A. Introduce children to the history of the street. To instill love for your city, village, a sense of pride in your fellow countrymen. February 1 Presentation "Streets of our city" To instill love for your city, consolidate the knowledge of the streets of the immediate environment in children. 2 Speech game "Who will name the streets more" Involving children in active cognitive activity, activate the speech of children. 3 Quiz "Our city". To summarize the knowledge of children about their city, about its streets; 4 Target walk to Pobeda Street - Mirabel Park To consolidate children's knowledge about nature, about the components of the street (roadway, sidewalk, buildings), about the location of the street, its name.

March 1 Didactic games "Journey through the streets of our city" Consolidate children's knowledge on the topic "Streets of our city" 2 Role-playing game "Journey through the city" Arouse children's interest in traveling on a map. 3 GCD "The street where I live" Summarize the knowledge of children about their city, about its streets. To acquaint children with historical places, sights, beauties of our city. April 1 Reading fiction S. Mikhalkov "My street", "My city" Development of the ability to listen and remember information. 2 Watching videos, photos about the city. To instill love for one's native land, to cultivate a sense of pride in one's city. 3 Didactic games "Here is my street, here is my house" To consolidate the knowledge of the children of the streets on which they live. 4 Excursion to the street "Central pr-d 5" Children's library. To consolidate children's knowledge about the streets, sights of their native city; May 1. Didactic game "Recognize the building by description." It will consolidate the knowledge of children about administrative, cultural, residential buildings. 2. Hike to the line of Glory in honor of the 70th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War. To form a patriotic consciousness. Encourage parents to engage in joint activities with their child. 3. Speech game "Who will name the streets more" Involving children in active cognitive activity. 4. Festive carnival procession dedicated to the City Day. Instill love for your city. To enrich the child-parent relationship with the experience of joint activities.

Stage III - final Final event: invitation of parents and children to the presentation of the project products. Presentation "Our journey around the city" Increasing interest in the joint activities of children, teachers and parents Exhibition of drawings "The street where I live" (joint work of children and parents) Generalize children's knowledge of their street and city.

Planned result of the project The knowledge gained during the project helped to increase the importance of patriotic education of children, the formation of patriotic feelings among preschoolers. Parents and educators were convinced of how relevant the topic of studying their native city is. The project interested children and adults, rallied parents and children as citizens of their city and country. Parents together with their children presented interesting works on the topic of the project, and the children themselves led the story, accompanied by a display of their drawings and photographs. All stages of the project went through different types of activities, a developing, differentiated approach was used for each child. In the future, we plan to continue working on this topic and create a database on the history of the streets of our city and get acquainted with the administrative and cultural part of the city.

Literature used: 1 . Pozdnyakova E. A. "Civil education in a preschool educational institution". Volgograd, Publishing House "Founder" 2007 2. Kereeva T. I. "Love and know your fatherland" Moscow 2006. 3. Arnautova E. P. "Fundamentals of Cooperation between the teacher and the family of a preschooler" Moscow 1994. 4. Kondrykhinskaya L. A. “Where does the Motherland begin? "(Experience in patriotic education in the preschool educational institution) M: TC Sphere 2004.

Preview:

MUNICIPAL BUDGET PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

OF GENERAL DEVELOPMENT WITH PRIORITY IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTIVITIES

IN ONE OF THE DIRECTIONS OF CHILDREN'S DEVELOPMENT

KINDERGARTEN № 3 "Forget-Me-Not"

Municipal Seminar

"Children's tourism in preschool educational institutions -

innovative approach to the preservation and promotion of children's health"

Information-practice-oriented project "Journey through the streets of our city"

Performed:

teacher of the 1st qualification category

Mamykina I.I.

G. Protvino 2015

Project participants: children of the senior group, teachers, parents.

Project classification - long-term (annual)

The relevance of the project.

One of the most important areas in pedagogy is patriotic education. Love for the Fatherland begins with love for one's small homeland. The purposeful acquaintance of children with their native land, city, street is rightfully considered the foundation of patriotism.

Therefore, one of the priority areas of work in our group was getting to know our city, in particular the creative project "Journey through the streets of our city."

Objective of the project:

Introducing children to the history and culture of their native city through acquaintance with the streets of the immediate environment.

Working on the project, the following tasks are performed:

1. To instill in children a love for their hometown.

2. Expand children's ideas about the history of the streets of their native city, enrich vocabulary and coherent speech.

3. To form spatial representations in children, the ability to navigate the streets of their native city, using maps and diagrams.

4. Promote the active involvement of parents in joint activities with the child.

5. To enrich parent-child relationships with the experience of joint activities through the formation of ideas about the streets of their native city.

6. Teach how to apply the acquired knowledge in practice.

Expected Result:

For kids:

The initial formation of knowledge about the streets of the native city, their history, sights.

Representation of orientation based on a map, scheme.

The ability to organize role-playing games based on the acquired knowledge.

For parents:

Increasing interest in joint activities of children, teachers and parents.

Positive changes in parent-child interaction style.

Each project involves the following steps:

Stage I - preparatory.

Events:

1. A survey and conversations that reveal the knowledge and ideas of preschoolers and parents about who the street on which they live is named after.
2. Making a parent corner with recommendations on the topic of the project.
3. Selection of didactic aids, demonstration material, methodical literature, books on the subject of the project.
4. Collection of photographs, illustrations, books, calendars, postcards with views of the city.

At the second main stage of the project, we developed a plan and moved on to its practical part.

Stage II - the main

Stage III - final

Project result:

The knowledge gained during the project helped to increase the importance of patriotic education of children, the formation of patriotic feelings among preschoolers. Parents and educators were convinced of how relevant the topic of studying their native city is. The project interested children and adults, rallied parents and children as citizens of their city and country. Parents together with their children presented interesting works on the topic of the project, and the children themselves led the story, accompanied by a display of their drawings and photographs. All stages of the project went through different types of activities, a developing, differentiated approach was used for each child. In the future, we plan to continue working on this topic and create a database on the history of the streets of our city and get acquainted with the administrative and cultural part of the city.

Used Books:

1. Pozdnyakova E. A. "Civil education in a preschool educational institution". Volgograd, Publishing House "Founder" 2007

2. Kereeva T. I. "Love and know your fatherland" Moscow 2006.

3. Arnautova E. P. "Fundamentals of Cooperation between the teacher and the family of a preschooler" Moscow 1994.

4. Kondrykhinskaya L. A. “Where does the Motherland begin? "(Experience in patriotic education in the preschool educational institution) M: TC Sphere 2004.

Orientation on the ground - the ability to determine one's own location in terms of the cardinal direction, as well as the objects that surround us. It is the ability to determine the right direction and follow it.

Knowledge of orienteering is one of the most useful human skills. They definitely do not need to be worn over your shoulders, but they will certainly come in handy more than once. Therefore, we want to acquaint you with the simplest rules of orientation.

There are three main ways to determine the position (as well as the direction of movement) of the body: using a compass, the sky (sun, moon and stars), and also by characteristic local features.
Orientation with the help of celestial bodies.
Let's start with the Sun. After 12:00 the shadow of objects points to the north. The cardinal directions can be determined even before noon, if you face the sun, then the south will be on the right. And if you do it in the afternoon, then on the left.

The North Star is another good landmark. So, at night, it shows the direction to the north. This fact has been used by our ancestors for a long time when they went on a long journey.

But, there are situations when, for weather reasons, we cannot navigate by the Sun, moon or stars. Then for orientation it is worth turning to objects on the ground.
Orientation using objects on the ground
It is well known that there are more mosses and lichens on the north side of the tree trunk. But, in the trees that produce resin, it is more on the south side. If you carefully look at the slopes of the anthill, then the northern one will be steeper than the southern one.

If you find yourself late in the evening in the forest and cannot determine the cardinal points with the help of anthills or mosses, then remember that clearings in the forest (most of them) are cut in the direction from north to south, and from west and east.

If you get lost in the mountains, then look at the slopes and determine which one is dry and warm. And if you manage to do this, then you will find the south side of the mountain. And in winter, the snow also melts more quickly on the south side. This rule can be used both on slopes, hills and mounds, as well as in pits, gullies and ravines.

Therefore, knowledge of orienteering is really useful. And having mastered them, it will not be scary to do camping and backpacking.

Despite the ubiquity of all kinds of GPS navigators in recent years, old, reliable, centuries-old ways of orienting in the area should always be in the arsenal of any self-respecting tourist.

For orientation on the ground you need to correctly determine your location relative to the sides of the horizon and especially prominent objects (landmarks) and accurately maintain the chosen direction of movement to a given object.

Orientation in space

• By map;
• By compass
• According to folklore

Orientation on the map

The map will be a faithful assistant only the tourist who knows how to “read” it, that is, knows all the symbols for various objects and landmarks, understands scaling, knows how to determine the cardinal points on it (usually north is always on top, south below, east on the right, west on the left). Naturally, you need to take care of this until you get into an unfamiliar area with a map. For orientation on the map, it is necessary to "attach" the objects depicted on it to real objects on the ground.

Makes navigating much easier the presence of a compass, which allows you to immediately determine the sides of the horizon and not deviate from the direction of the selected route while driving. The compass is especially indispensable in conditions of poor terrain for noticeable landmarks, for example, in the desert, tundra, dense forest, or in conditions of poor visibility.

It is only necessary to take into account that compass will not give accurate readings near power lines, iron objects, some electronic devices, in places of ore anomalies. In these cases, the compass readings should, if possible, be supplemented with local orientation data.

compass orientation

After that, it is carried out standard location on the map and a route is laid for further movement in azimuth (the angle between the indication of the compass needle and the direction of movement we need).

Orientation according to local signs and folk signs

In the absence of a compass, the direction of the sides of the horizon will help determine a large number, namely:

• Sun, Moon and stars(for example, the North Star always points to the north and in cloudless weather at night it completely replaces the compass);
• By plants(for example, mosses and lichens develop on the damper northern sides of trees, stumps, boulders; grass grows better from the south of separate objects, and from the north it stays fresh longer in hot weather; clearings in the forest are always cut strictly from north to south and from west to east);
• By animals(for example, steppe bees always nest on the south side of walls or large stones, anthills are located south of the nearest stumps, trees and bushes, and the south side of anthills is always flatter);
• By relief, soil moisture, snow melting;
• By buildings(for example, the altars of Orthodox churches always face east, and the upward edge of the lower crossbar on the domes always points north; on old buildings on the north side, there are often moss and lichen growths on the walls or roof, the soil near them is more damp or snow does not melt longer).

From the video, you will learn how to apply the signs of orientation in practice. Particular attention should be paid to the orientation of the clock.

In conclusion, it can be noted that mankind over the many centuries of its existence has developed many ways of orienting in the terrain, as the first condition for a person's survival in an unfamiliar or sparsely populated area.

And provided that a person is first acquainted with this science, there is every chance, subject to composure and sober mind, to get out of any extreme situation associated with a loss of orientation in space in an unfamiliar and unpopulated area with honor.

Any experienced tourist probably has some of his own, developed by personal practice of hiking, ways of orienting in the area. I think it will be interesting for everyone to learn about such exclusive methods from readers of the site who have experience in hiking and traveling through the vast expanses of our beautiful planet!