What are forests used for? What gives us the forest? The main wealth of forest areas
Objectives: To form knowledge about the characteristics of trees of different species; To form knowledge about the features of trees of different species; Understand what is the beauty and value of each tree; Understand what is the beauty and value of each tree; Show the inextricable connection and importance of the forest in human life; Show the inextricable connection and importance of the forest in human life; Cultivate love and respect for nature. Cultivate love and respect for nature.
Russian forest There is nothing nicer Wandering and thinking here. Heal, warm, Feed the Russian forest. And there will be a thirst to torment, Then a forest man will show me among the thickets of prickly trees. Mountain ash awaits us in the forest, Nuts and flowers, Fragrant raspberries On thick bushes. I'm looking for mushrooms in a clearing, not sparing my feet, And if I get tired, I'll sit down on a stump. Life seems different, And the heart does not hurt, When above the head Like eternity, the forest rustles.
They are necessary for feeding animals and humans: ASPEN - a hare gnaws on aspen in winter, since its bark contains 10% fat. CEDAR - pine nuts - a favorite food for bears, squirrels, wild boars and sables. BIRCH - birch sap is good for human health. OAK - oak fruits are eaten by birds, cattle. Linden is the queen of the Ussuri honey plants, the main value is linden honey, linden oil.
FOREST is our wealth! FOREST is the green dress of our Earth. Where the forest is always clean air. FOREST is a home for animals and birds. FOREST is a pantry that generously gives its gifts: nuts, mushrooms, berries. FOREST is furniture, paper, industry. FOREST is a "green pharmacy". In order for a person to receive values from the forest, he must protect it and protect it!
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The creative name of the project: The forest is a home, and everyone is comfortable in it.
The purpose of the project: the formation of environmental literacy of students. Project Objectives: To introduce students to the meaning of the forest. Consider environmental problems in the forest belt that arise through the fault of man. To teach students to formulate educational tasks, to choose ways of activity. Learn to select information from various sources (including the Internet) and systematize it. Develop public presentation skills.
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"Brainstorming" (the formation of student research topics) - 1 lesson, 15 minutes. Formation of groups for conducting research, putting forward hypotheses for solving problems - 1 lesson, 20 minutes. Choosing a creative name for the project (together with students) -2 lesson, 10 minutes. Discussing the work plan of students individually or in a group - 2nd lesson, 15 minutes. Discussion with schoolchildren of possible sources of information - 3rd lesson, 20 minutes.
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Stages and terms of the project:
Independent work of students to discuss the task of each in a group - 3 lessons, 10 minutes. Independent work of groups to complete tasks - 4, 5, 6 lessons. Preparing a presentation by schoolchildren on a report on the work done - lesson 7, 20 minutes. Protection of the results and conclusions - 8 lesson, 20 minutes.
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Topic of the educational project: What does the forest give to a person?
Fundamental question: What gives the forest to man? Problem questions: Where and why do forests grow in Russia? What is the importance of the forest in human life? Where do ecological forest problems come from? Is man friend or foe of the forest? Subjects: the world around, literary reading. Participants: 4th grade students, Semyon Vorobyov, Gegham Asatryan, Darina Fatkullina, Olesya Samartseva.
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Problems (topics) of independent research of students:
“The forest is a home, and everyone is comfortable in it” - Semyon Vorobyov. Ecological problems of the forest. - Asatryan Gegham. Is man friend or foe? - Samartseva Olesya. Where and why do forests grow in Russia? - Fatkullina Darina.
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Research presentation results:
Ecological competence of students on the topic of forest protection. Ability to work with information from different sources, to illustrate it. Develop observation. Build research skills.
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Project: What gives the forest to man?
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1. Where and why do forests grow in Russia?
Most of Russia is located in the forest zone, stretching from the eastern borders of the country to its western borders. In the northern part of the forest belt, where the surface of the earth receives less heat than the southern part, dense, impenetrable coniferous forests grow, which are called taiga. Cold-resistant tree species grow in the taiga: spruce, pine, fir, larch and cedar. To the south-west of the taiga, the surface of the earth receives more heat and moisture, so mixed forests grow there along with coniferous trees: birch, aspen, alder, willow, bird cherry, oak. The most powerful tree of these forests is the oak. Oaks are demanding on soil, heat, moisture, therefore they spread to the east only to the Ural Mountains. Broad-leaved forests and groves extend further south. In these forests grow: maple, ash, beech, elm, oak, linden, hawthorn, viburnum, wild rose, raspberry. Forests occupy more than half of the territory of Russia and constitute our main natural wealth.
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2. "The forest is a home, and everyone is comfortable in it."
What is the importance of the forest in human life? There is nothing nicer We are waiting in the woods mountain ash, Wandering and thinking here, Nuts and flowers. Heals, warms, Fragrant raspberries Will feed the Russian forest. On thick bushes. And there will be a thirst to torment - Life seems different, Then a forest dweller And my heart does not hurt, Among the thickets of thorns When above my head, A spring will show. Like eternity, the forest is noisy. Significance of the forest: a pharmacy a source of clean water and food a source of wood a source of fuel a house for plants, animals, fungi a protector of air, water, soil a place of rest
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3. Ecological problems of the forest.
Where do ecological forest problems come from? We came to the river to spend Sunday, And you can’t find a free place Near the river. Here they sit and there they sit: Sunbathing and eating, Resting as they want, Hundreds of adults and children. We walked along the bank And found a clearing. But on a sunny meadow Here and there - empty banks. And, as if to spite us, Even broken glass!
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Forest problems:
People try to preserve broad-leaved forests - there are very few of them. Back in the eighteenth century. By decree of Peter I, the felling of oak groves was prohibited in Russia. In the forest zone, hunting for fur-bearing animals and fishing on rivers and lakes are developed. However, uncontrolled hunting for fur-bearing animals led to a reduction in their numbers. Therefore, now hunting for many animals is limited or completely prohibited. The main problem of the forest zone is forest fires. A forest fire is very difficult to put out, especially in windy weather. After the fire, the forest begins to slowly die out. Children's fun with setting fire to dry grass very often turns into a tragedy for the forest. Attention! The forest is harmed by: Human pollution of the forest with food waste Deforestation Illegal hunting Fires
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Conclusions:
Forests in Russia grow in favorable conditions for them, which depend on heat, moisture, climatic conditions, soil properties, etc. The forest is important for humans as a source of health, clean air, and a habitat for animals. 3. Destruction of a forest by man for economic needs and through negligence can lead to an ecological catastrophe on Earth. Take care of the forest!
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"Russian Forest"
There is nothing cuter
Wander and think here.
Heal, warm
Feed the Russian forest.
And there will be thirst to torment
That's a lumberjack for me
Among the thickets of prickly
Show fontanel.
I bend down to drink to him -
And you can see everything to the bottom.
Water is flowing,
Delicious and cold.
Rowan trees are waiting for us in the forest,
Nuts and flowers
Fragrant raspberry
On thick bushes.
Looking for a field of mushrooms
I, not sparing my feet,
And if I get tired -
I swear on a stump.
The forest is very fond of pedestrians.
For them, he is theirs.
Here somewhere the goblin roams
With a green beard.
Life seems different
And my heart doesn't hurt
When over your head
Like eternity, the forest is noisy.
Forests decorate our land.
Forests decorate our land. And how could they not be a decoration, if you can admire the forest at all times of the year: in summer it beckons into the green thicket, in winter it attracts us with fabulous silence and whiteness. In autumn, the forest sparkles with the brightness of yellow and red leaves next to the green of coniferous trees. It is not for nothing that many enthusiastic poems have been written about the forest, the forest is sung in music, in songs, in proverbs, in sayings, with the brush of an artist.
What gives the forest to man.
Forests are the keepers of moisture. They protect springs, streams, rivers from drying out. They protect the soil from ravines and winds.
The forest is a good place to relax, a pantry of clean air: you will enter it and immediately feel how easy it is to breathe here. A pleasant coolness will envelop you, and the rustle of leaves, the chirping of birds will calm you down, cheer you up. The forest treats us with strawberries, raspberries, nuts, pleases us with a whole dance of mushrooms. There are many medicinal plants here that heal a person from various diseases.
In the forests, wood is harvested, from which furniture, paper, cardboard and other products that people need are made. Scientists have calculated that for each person during his life, at least 200 trees are needed for housing furniture, newspapers and magazines, matches and pencils and other wooden items that we use every day. There was a time when wood served as the main material for construction.
The art of woodcarving.
Russian masters have created wonderful wooden buildings, which are now visited by guests from all over the world. From time immemorial in Russia, houses were decorated with wooden carvings: they cut openwork architraves, ornaments on cornices, pediments, and even ingenious and quite reliable locks. Spoons, ladles, cups, caskets and various toys were also cut out. And all this was done with a knife and an ax or other simple tool. Masters knew well that the best wood for carving is linden, aspen, alder, birch. The art of wood carving, created by Russian craftsmen, lives on today.
Forest protection.
As you can see, the forest is of great benefit to man. It is no coincidence that they say: "Forest is the wealth of the people." Therefore, in our country, all forests are protected. The state strictly controls deforestation. New forests are being planted on cut areas. Animal hunting is allowed only at certain times. Forest reserves are organized where it is not allowed to cut down trees and hunt animals.
The duty of every person is to take care of forest resources. In any forest, you can not collect the sap of trees, tear flowering herbaceous plants, break branches of trees and shrubs, since there are many rare ones among them. And not only for this reason it is impossible to make fees in the forest. Everything in the forest is closely related to each other. If you destroy one, another will die, followed by a third, and the chain will go on until the whole forest dies.
Somehow people came to one forest. We decided to cut down all the bushes there! Why are they here? After all, forests are trees! Knocked out. Birds flew away from the forest, nesting in the bushes. Insect pests attacked the trees. Trees died, and the whole forest died.
Ecological fairy tale "Crying of a birch".
It was a sunny summer day. A light breeze blew. He shook the tall grasses and stirred the surface of the river. He drove white clouds across the sky and rustled in the foliage of a lonely old birch.
In winter, this birch was blown by cold winds, heavy snows fell asleep, in autumn the rains knocked down the yellowed foliage, and only in summer did it rest from the disfavor of nature. Juicy grass gently touched its trunk, birds made their nests in soft foliage. A lone birch whispered to the distant pines and firs.
A boy was walking through the woods with a basket. He collected mushrooms. There were many mushrooms. The boy often leaned over them and was very tired. The basket was already full. And then the forest parted, and the boy went out to the edge. He saw a lonely birch. He sat down, leaning against her trunk, and fell asleep in the shade. He had an amazing dream. When he woke up, the birch leaves were still singing their song, the grass touched his face. To remember this place and come back here again, the boy took out a knife, carved his name on the trunk. The birch froze in pain. Bitter tears flowed down the trunk. The birch trembled from the wounds and reached out to the sky, asking him for protection. But there was no help from heaven. Then the birch rushed with its branches to the pines and firs, but they were silent, their tops drooping. The birch wept even more, fresh wounds ached even more. And after a while the foliage turned yellow and crumbled. The branches withered, the once white trunk turned black. Only the boy's name gaped in huge letters on it.
Red Book.
Many plants and animals of the forest are specially protected: there are very few of them on earth. These plants and animals are listed in the Red Book. Red is the color of danger. Dangerous! They might disappear! Take care! Protect! That's what this book is calling for.
(grade 2)
Nature is a kind of absolute for a person, without it a person's life is simply impossible, this truth is not obvious to everyone, judging by how people care about nature. A person receives everything necessary for life from the environment, nature provides the conditions for the prosperity of all forms of life on earth. The role of nature in human life is fundamental. It is worth mentioning peremptory facts and looking at specific examples of what nature gives a person. In nature, everything is interconnected, one element will disappear, the whole chain will fail.
What gives man nature
Air, earth, water, fire - the four elements, the eternal manifestations of nature. It is not worth explaining that without air, human life is simply impossible. Why do people, when cutting forests, not worry about new plantings, so that the trees continue to work for the benefit of air purification. The earth gives a person so many benefits that it is difficult to count: these are minerals, the ability to grow various crops with the help of agriculture, to live on earth. We get food from the bosom of nature, whether it is plant foods (vegetables, fruits, cereals) or animal foods (meat, dairy products). Material goods have the source of raw materials of the blessings of nature. Clothing is sewn from fabrics based on natural materials. Furniture in houses is made of wood, paper is made of wood. Cosmetics, household chemicals are based on plant components. Water is embodied in oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, underground waters, glaciers. Drinking water satisfies the needs of people around the world, people are made of water, which makes a person unable to live without water even a day. It is impossible to imagine life in everyday life without water: with the help of water, people wash, wash, wash anything, water is indispensable in production. Nature gives man heat in the form of fire, wood, coal, oil and gas are also sources of energy.
Nature energizes a person, inspires him to new achievements, fills him with strength. What are the sunsets and sunrises, the moments are filled with great meaning, the end of the day and the beginning of a new one, when everything becomes possible, despite the past day. The sun is a source of joy, happiness, remember in sunny weather, somehow everything around is especially beautiful. The sun gives life and development to all life on earth. There are people who have given up their usual food and feed on solar energy.
Nature is able to restore human strength after exhausting mental or physical work, it is not without reason that many people go to rest in the mountains, in the forest, to the ocean, to the sea, river or lake. The harmony of nature brings balance to the frantic rhythm of human existence.
Staying in nature in one of the above areas has a positive effect on human health, headaches disappear, the general condition and well-being of a person improves. It is not for nothing that many people like to spend time in nature. These forms of leisure include: camping, picnicking, just a trip out of town for a couple of hours. In places remote from the bustle of the city, you can upgrade, sort out thoughts, feelings, emotions, look inside yourself. A lot of unique herbs, flowers of trees surround a person, giving fragrance and benefits, take the time to enjoy, admire them.
People are inextricably linked with nature, she takes care of him throughout the entire existence of a person, why does a person only take and give nothing in return. People pollute the environment every day, thoughtlessly handle the gifts of nature. Perhaps it is worth stopping, thinking, since nature gives so much to a person, is it not worth reciprocating her and taking care of her as reverently as she takes care of us.
The forest is an ecological complex system with many links. Trees, shrubs, lichens, grasses, mosses, fungi, animals and various microorganisms are all components of forests. Each plant or living being is an integral part of the forest zone and enters the food chain. Plants produce oxygen and sugar. Herbivores feed on plants and distribute their seeds. And predators feed on these herbivores.
Thus, the forest is the basis of the life of the animal world inside. Rivers, streams and various lakes are also an important component of the woodland.
(bamboo forest)
Forests grow in a variety of conditions, both cold and hot. Forests include not only coniferous, deciduous, mixed and evergreen. Jungle, taiga, selva and other green spaces are also forests. There are natural and artificial forests. The creator of the first is nature, and the second is man. Today, forests occupy 1/3 of the land, although in the distant past, forest lands were much more numerous.
The value of the forest in nature
In nature, forests are of great importance. Many species of plants grow in them, a large number of animals and microorganisms live. In addition, forests perform a number of natural tasks. One of them is the production and purification of oxygen. The amount of oxygen produced by one tree is enough for three people.
Another significant function of the forest in nature is to reduce the level of dust. Every year 1 hectare of forest stops up to 100 tons of dust. Forests regulate and improve the water balance of water bodies located within or near the forest. This is due to the fact that the forest floor accumulates moisture formed in the spring. It is she who helps to keep the high water of rivers and reservoirs.
Forests serve as sound insulation, they are able to reduce the noise level from the road by 11 decibels. Wooded areas prevent strong winds, increase humidity and air quality, and can also moderate the climate. They serve as an air filter that removes harmful chemicals from the air. An important function of forests is to protect the soil from mudflows, landslides and various geological processes.
The value of the forest in human life
The forest has always played a huge role in human life. Today, the importance of forests is only increasing due to the fact that their number is noticeably decreasing. The role of the forest in human life can be divided into three components - ecological, economic and social.
The ecological role lies in the quality of the environment and the conservation of nature. Every living being needs conditions to live. It is trees that contribute to the fact that modern man breathes clean air, has the opportunity to engage in agriculture and benefit from it.
For modern man, the forest plays an important economic role. Wood grows in forests, from which building materials, paper, furniture, wood fuel, food, material and medicinal products are made.
The main material resource is wood. But berries, mushrooms and medicinal plants that grow only in forests are also in demand by man. Despite the fact that people are looking for a replacement for forest resources, wood will always be in demand. Fossil fuels replacing wood are being depleted and are worth much more than wood. Replacing paper bags with plastic has brought great harm to the land cover due to the fact that plastic is not recycled. The timber industry often becomes a city-forming activity and requires a large number of workers and equipment. Therefore, the role of the forest will always be very important both for the environment and the modern world.
The social role of the forest is that it is a historical link. The forest is an element in the development of peoples, their cultures and their relationship to nature. Since ancient times, the forest has been a source of resources necessary for survival - here you can find food, water, and shelter. Folk songs, fairy tales and stories always separate an important role to forests. Today, forests serve as a place for people to relax, relax and breathe fresh air.
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