What current is fast or. Description of the river

Much in the world depends on the majority. The climate on the planet including. Almost 70% of the surface the globe occupies water. She determines the fate of mankind

Cross-sectional area of ACC (5)(the only one crossing all the longitudes of the world) is huge: a depth of up to 4000 m, and a width of up to 2000 km. But it does not flow quickly - the speed does not exceed 0.7 km / h.

The most powerful ocean currents(flow* of water in m 3 / s)

* Flow - the volume of water flowing per unit of time through the cross section of the flow

(5) Antarctic Circumpolar Current 150,000,000 m3/s
(3) Gulf Stream 100,000,000 m3/s
(2) Kuroshio 80,000,000 m3/s

Global Ocean Conveyor connects the upper (in depth) part of the ocean water column with the lower one. The length of the conveyor path is 40 thousand kilometers.

Deep water passes this way for 1.5-2 thousand years.

Solar energy arrives at the Earth's surface unevenly: maximum - at the equator, minimum - at the poles. Thanks to the conveyor, ocean currents carry heat from where there is more of it to where it is less, that is, from the equator to the poles.

If there were no oceans, average temperature Earth's surface would be 36°C lower than it is today, at just -21°C

Fastest currents**

(1) SOMALI SUMMER 75 CM/S
(2) CUROSHIO 50 CM/S
(3) GULF STREAM 40 CM/S
(4) AGULIASI 34 CM/S
(5) ACT 28 SM/S

** Given the average speed of currents

Gulfstream consumption, according to some estimates, 40 times more than the flow of all the rivers of the world combined

Currents are divided into warm and cold. But the division is relative. So, in the "warm" North Cape Current in the Barents Sea, the water temperature in summer is up to 8 ° C, and in the "cold" Canary Current in the Atlantic - all year round from 12 to 26 ° C

Average wave height in the Atlantic Ocean recent times increases by about a centimeter per year. This is indicative of massive climate change.

Ob, one of largest rivers Russia and the whole world; the third river in terms of water content in the Russian Federation. Formed by the confluence of the Biya and Katun rivers in Altai, flows from South to North through the territory Western Siberia and flows into the Ob Bay of the Kara Sea. The length of the river is 3650 km, if we count with the source of the Irtysh, then 5410 km. The basin area is 2990 thousand square meters. km, according to this characteristic, the river ranks first in the Russian Federation. Most of the basin (approximately 85%) is located on the West Siberian Plain. A significant part of the basin is covered with forests and swamps. More than 50 species of fish live in the waters of the Ob, some of them are commercial. Most valuable species: sturgeon, nelma, sterlet, muksun, broad whitefish, peled, whitefish. River flow The river crosses several climatic zones. In the south, in the upper reaches of the Ob, grapes, watermelons and melons grow, then in the north, in the lower reaches of the Ob, this is already tundra and the harsh Arctic. The Novosibirsk reservoir is located in the southern part of the Ob. The Novosibirsk hydroelectric power station was built from 1950 to 1961; during the creation of the reservoir, most of the city of Berdsk and many villages were flooded. The upper section of the basin is located in the mountains, here the river has a well-developed valley with many floodplain terraces. Up to the mouth of the Charysh River, the Ob flows in low, uncovered banks, the channel is replete with channels, rifts, and islands. Closer to Barnaul, the floodplain and the valley expand. From Barnaul to the town of Kamen-on-Ob, the valley widens up to 10 km and is asymmetrical with steep left and gentle right slopes; the wide floodplain is indented by channels, oxbow lakes and lakes. Near the city of Kamen-na-Obi, the valley and the floodplain narrow to kilometers; in the channel there are sections with rocky ledges. In the southern part of the city of Novosibirsk, the river is blocked by a dam, which formed a reservoir - the Ob Sea. After Novosibirsk, the valley expands significantly and reaches 20 km to the mouth of the Tom, depths up to 6 m Below the mouths of the Tom and Chulym, the Ob River becomes large deep river and until the confluence with the Irtysh flows within the taiga zone. The valley has a width of up to 50 km with a floodplain covered with a dense network of channels. Depth up to 8 m.
The largest tributaries are: Ket, Tom, Chulym, Tym, Tromyogan, Vakh, Lyamin, Nazim, Shegarka, Chaya, Vasyugan, Parabel, Bolshoi Yugan, Bolshoy Salym, Irtysh.After the confluence of the Irtysh, the Ob turns to the North. The valley is very wide, more than 50 km, with a low left bank and a steep right bank. In the region of Peregrebnoye and Salekhard, it narrows to 4-8 km. The vast left-bank floodplain is indented by channels, branches, lakes, in high water reaches a width of up to 40-50 km. From the Irtysh to the Peregrebnoye Ob flows in one deep channel with a depth of at least 4 m, then the river is divided into Bolshaya and Malaya Ob. After their confluence, the Ob channel has a depth of more than 10 m.

The average speed of ocean currents is 5 km. in hour. But there are those that significantly exceed this speed and carry with them a huge amount of water. What are the strongest currents in the ocean?

Gulfstream

This is the most powerful warm current in the oceans. It begins in the Sargasso Sea, then flows along the US coast to California. Here the Gulf Stream turns towards Europe. The speed of the water flow is 2.5 meters per second. The maximum width of the Gulf Stream reaches 200 kilometers and a depth of 800 meters.

Rice. 1. Gulf Stream

The water temperature in the Gulf Stream ranges from 24 degrees Celsius in winter to 28 in summer. The warm influence of the Gulf Stream moderates the climate European countries on the Atlantic coast.

Antarctic Circumpolar Current

This flow is also called flow. Western winds. It is located in the Southern Hemisphere, around Antarctica.

The course of the West Winds crosses as many as three oceans.

Its power is three times the power of the Gulf Stream, so it can rightfully be considered the most powerful current in the oceans. The length of the current of the Western winds reaches 30 thousand kilometers, and the maximum width is 2500 kilometers. The speed of the water is approximately 58 meters per second. In a second, the ACC transports about 200 million tons of water - this is more than the volume of rivers on the globe.

El Niño

it beautiful name translated from Spanish as baby, child. However, the course of El Niño is very treacherous and destructive for coastal countries. This is the warmest current in the Pacific Ocean. The temperature of its water is 9 degrees Celsius higher than that of environment. This leads to the formation of hurricane-force winds in the coastal zone.

As a result, prolonged downpours, droughts, and fires occur on the coast. Millions of people are suffering from El Niño and the world economy is suffering enormous damage.

Rice. 3. The destructive current of El Niño

North Atlantic

This current passes through the eastern part of the Atlantic Ocean. Its speed reaches 2 km. in hour. The current carries about 40 million cubic meters of water per second. Due to its proximity to the mainland, coastal countries enjoy a warm climate.

Kuroshio

This powerful warm current Pacific Ocean. Its width is 170 km., And the depth reaches 700 m. In terms of power, this current is slightly weaker than the Gulf Stream. It passes by Japan and the Kuril Islands. In the north it merges with the waters of the North Pacific Current, reaching Alaska.

The Amazon is moving at a speed of 15 km/h

most fast river the Amazon River is considered in the world, already having several titles of “the most-most”. Among them, such titles as the most full-flowing (7,180,000 km 2), the deepest (its depth in some places reaches 135 meters), the longest (7,100 km) and the widest (in some places the Amazon delta has a width of 200 km) . In the lower reaches of the Amazon, the average water flow is approximately 200-220 thousand cubic meters, which corresponds to a river flow speed of 4.5-5 m/s or 15 km/h! In the rainy season, this figure increases to 300 thousand m 3.

The course of each river consists of the upper, middle and lower reaches. At the same time, the upper course is characterized by large slopes, which contributes to its greater erosive activity. The lower course is distinguished by the largest water mass and lower speed.

How is the flow rate measured?

The units used to measure the speed of a river are meters per second. At the same time, one should not forget that the speed of the water flow is not the same in different parts rivers. It gradually increases, originating from the bottom and walls of the channel and gaining the greatest power in the middle part of the stream. The average flow velocity is calculated on the basis of measurements made in several sections of the channel. Moreover, at least five spot measurements are carried out on each section of the river.

To measure the speed of the water current, a special measuring device is used - a hydrometric turntable, which descends to a certain depth strictly perpendicular to the surface of the water and after twenty seconds you can take readings from the device. Having information about average speed river and its approximate cross-sectional area, the water discharge of the river is calculated.

Reverse flow of the Amazon

In addition, the Amazon River is the owner reverse flow that occurs during ocean tides. Water flows with great speed - 25 km / h or 7 m / s, are driven back to the mainland. Waves at the same time reach 4-5 meters in height. The farther a wave passes on land, the less its destructive effect becomes. The tides stop at a distance of up to 1,400 kilometers upstream of the Amazon. Such a natural phenomenon received the name "pororoka" - thundering water.

To the question whether the current of the Volga is fast or slow, asked by the author Adelina Kuasheva the best answer is The nature of the Volga

Features of lowland rivers

2. Low flow rate
3. Wide shallow valley
Current direction

The place where the Akhtuba branch separated is sometimes taken as the beginning of the Volga delta. It is more correct, however, to count the beginning of the delta from the place of separation of the Buzan branch. From here, the Volga is divided into a dense network of branches and channels. The Volga delta is one of the largest deltas in our country. Numerous branches, channels, islands, lakes (here called ilmens and hollows) and sandy ridges (Baer hillocks) occupy a total space of over 13,000 km2.

Answer from Neurologist[guru]
When we go up - slow, but when we go down - fast

Answer from Alexandra Gurgaeva[newbie]
The Volga is slow

Answer from put down[guru]
The average current speed is low - from 2 to 6 km / h.

Answer from Staff[guru]
The Volga is a flat river with a slow current.

Answer from Marina Loginova[newbie]
The Volga is flat.
so the flow is slow

Answer from Vika balandina[newbie]
slow

Answer from Elizaveta Viktorovna[newbie]
medium

Answer from Olga Afanasyeva[newbie]
anger54kuapavyvakuv45

Answer from Ksunchic Richkova[newbie]
The Volga is a flat river, which means it has a slow current.

Answer from Maxim Goncharov[active]
The nature of the Volga
The Volga is a typical flat river.
Features of lowland rivers
1. Small difference in height between mouth and source
2. Low flow rate
3. Wide shallow valley
Current direction
The main direction of the Volga is to the south.
Flowing within the East European Plain, the Volga is a classic example of a lowland river. Its longitudinal profile is close to the so-called equilibrium profile. The average slope is only 0.06°/oo. The drop is especially small in the lower reaches, where it does not exceed 0.02°/oo. According to the size and nature of the flow, the Volga is usually divided into three parts: the upper reaches (Upper Volga) - from the source to the city of Shcherbakov, the middle course (Middle Volga) - from the city of Shcherbakov to the mouth of the Kama and the lower reaches (Lower Volga) - from the confluence Kama to the mouth.
AT upstream, within the Valdai Upland, the Volga passes through a chain of Upper Volga lakes - Verkhit, Sterzh, Vselug, Peno and Volgo. At the source of the lake In the middle of the last century (1843) a dam was built on the Volga River - the Upper Volga Beishlot - designed to enhance the feeding of the river in low water and maintain navigable depths. major tributaries Upper Volga - Selizharovka, Tverda, Mologa and Sheksna. During the years of Stalin's five-year plans, the Upper Volga was reconstructed, that is, radically reorganized. Three powerful hydroelectric power stations have been built here: Ivankovskaya, Uglichskaya and Shcherbakovskaya. The dams of these hydroelectric power plants have turned Upper Volga into a chain of lakes-reservoirs, among which the Rybinsk reservoir is the largest in the world. Waters: This reservoir was flooded by the lower reaches of pp. Mologa and Shcheksny and the entire Mologa-Sheksna interfluve.
In the middle reaches, below the city of Shcherbakov, the river becomes even more full-flowing; here a number of large tributaries flow into it, the main of which are the Oka, Unzha, Vetluga and Sura. The regime of the middle course of the river has changed significantly and is highly dependent on releases from Rybinsk reservoir. Below the confluence of the Kama, which in its water content is almost not inferior to the Volga itself, the latter becomes especially full-flowing. The width of the valley reaches 20-30 km. In the area of the city of Kuibyshev Volga, skirting Zhiguli mountains, forms a giant bend - Samara bow, where the valley narrows to 2-3 km. The asymmetric structure of the valley is characteristic: the right bank is everywhere high and steep, and the left bank is gentle and low. The valley expands especially strongly below Stalingrad. Here the Volga on the left separates the first branch - r. Akhtuba, which continues to flow as an independent stream parallel to the main channel of the Volga.
The vast space between the Volga and: Akhtuba, indented by numerous channels and old rivers, is called the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain. Spills within the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain reach 20-30 km. The Lower Volga receives only comparatively small tributaries: the Samara, the Bolshoy Irgiz, and Yeruslan.
The place where the Akhtuba branch separated is sometimes taken as the beginning of the Volga delta. It is more correct, however, to count the beginning of the delta from the place of separation of the Buzan branch. From here, the Volga is divided into a dense network of branches and channels. The Volga delta is one of the largest deltas in our country. Numerous branches, channels, islands, lakes (here called ilmens and hollows) and sandy ridges (Baer hillocks) occupy a total space of over 13,000 km2.