Reception and processing of non-ferrous metals. Scrap metal recycling, how metal is processed: equipment, methods

The collection and transportation of used products, casting rejects and metal shavings to specially equipped landfills for processing is part of a set of works called scrap metal recycling.

The production company Metall-Snab not only accepts scrap in Moscow, but also its subsequent fast and high-quality preparation for recycling. We offer high purchase prices, dismantling and pickup services, as well as mutually beneficial terms of cooperation. Our company is ready to work with both individuals and large enterprises. See for yourself by contacting us at the number provided.

What are the challenges of scrap recycling?

Even the most high-quality and reliable metal products eventually completely work out their useful resource, which excludes the possibility of their further use for their intended purpose. What to do with the resulting waste, the owner decides. There are several ways to get rid of unwanted metal:

• piling up of scrap metal in the production area;
• disposal together with household waste (illegal);
• self-export to special landfills (legal, but requires additional transportation costs);
• disposal of waste at scrap collection points.

The latter method is the most preferable, since it allows you to simultaneously solve several important tasks:

• free the area from accumulated debris;
• receive financial benefits for scrap that has no practical application;
• contribute to the improvement of urban ecology;
• help businesses and the economy as a whole.

The main plus that the owners of scrap metal receive after its delivery is a decent amount of remuneration. It makes no sense to accumulate metal trash, it is better to sell it profitably. With the help of our company, you will receive a guaranteed profit, and old equipment and mechanisms - a new life.

Stages of recycling and processing of scrap

Metal recycling is a complex multi-level process that requires strict adherence to established technical standards and compliance with a certain sequence of actions. The procedure usually consists of 6 steps:

1. . Purchase of scrap metal from individuals or legal entities. If necessary, a team of qualified employees travels to the site to the customer, dismantles and cuts the structures.
2. Radiation control. Waste is checked for radiation levels. Scrap that exceeds the norm for this indicator is transferred for disposal for security purposes.
3. Examination. A batch of scrap metal is additionally checked for the presence of flammable and explosive components.
4. Sorting. Since various enterprises are engaged in the processing of scrap, the specialists of our company separate the waste into non-ferrous, ferrous and precious in advance.
5. Training. At the end of sorting, scrap metal is grouped by size and pressed for easy transportation.
6. Delivery. Prepared waste is sent to specialized plants, where, after processing, new structures and parts are smelted from them.

Scrap recycling can be carried out if the raw material belongs to one of the categories:

• Black metals. This includes products made of cast iron, stainless steel and iron in the form of pieces, mix and chips. There are 67 groups of metals that differ in the percentage of alloying additives.
• Nonferrous metals. The category of non-ferrous metal includes elements from copper and its alloys, lead, magnesium, titanium, semiconductor and rare scrap.

Also, all existing types of batteries and batteries, cables and parts of the electronic industry made of precious metals are suitable for recycling.

The Importance of Recycling Scrap Metal

Recycling metal for reuse has many benefits:

• the load on existing metal deposits is reduced;
• cheaper raw materials for production;
• the ecological situation improves.

Only licensed firms are allowed to accept scrap metal. Our company has all the necessary documents for the implementation of activities. We will buy scrap metal with self-delivery at the best price in Moscow and the region. The current price list is available on the website.

Scrap recycling is an important and useful process that allows you to get rid of worn-out metal products. Recycled material goes through several long stages before becoming a secondary raw material. Only then will he be able to serve the people again. This whole process is quite complicated and can only be performed in specially equipped factories.

Before sending unusable waste to the scrap metal recycling plant, it is necessary to sort it and remove all unusable materials. This will greatly simplify the work of employees of the enterprise and speed up the entire process.

Methods and tasks of disposal

All high-quality and reliable metal structures fully work out their resource after a while. After that, they become unsuitable for further use and only interfere with the construction of new ones. Over time, a large amount of such scrap metal is collected, which clutters up the territory and does not perform any useful functions. To use this unnecessary metal one more time, you can hand it over for recycling.

There are several main ways to get rid of scrap metal:

There are many important tasks that recycling and recycling of scrap metal helps to solve. This process is beneficial not only to receivers who receive valuable material for little money, but also to people who sell scrap. The latter receive a significant financial reward, depending on the type of metal and the weight of the product.

The main tasks of recycling:

• cleaning up the territory from stale waste;
• making a profit for unused products and structures;
• improvement of the ecological situation in the settlement;
• assistance to industrial enterprises;
• improvement of the economic situation in the country.

Varieties of scrap

Only 3 types of scrap are suitable for metal recycling - ferrous, non-ferrous and precious. All of them have their own characteristics and are used for various purposes.

The most valuable is the scrap of precious metals (gold, silver, platinum and others). Among the waste, jewelry that has deteriorated and lost its attractive appearance is quite common. In addition, such materials are widely used in electronics, chemical industry, medicine, aviation, energy, automotive and space industries.

The process of processing non-ferrous metals is quite complicated, so it is carried out only at some enterprises.

Ferrous metals are the most common material, so their processing occupies a special place among others. Scrap can be used iron and steel products. These include:

Ferrous scrap recycling is considered a profitable business, so a large number of enterprises and private companies are engaged in it.

Non-ferrous metal scrap is no less valuable. For processing, not only pure materials are used, but also their alloys. The most worthwhile are:

Unsuitable materials

According to the laws of Russia, all metal waste must undergo radiation control. In case of detection of excess of permissible standards, the product is rejected and disposed of in a special way. In all other situations, scrap proceeds to the next stage of processing.

The following products are not suitable for recycling:

Processing procedure

Recycling metal (ferrous, non-ferrous or precious) is a long and laborious process. During its implementation, the procedure must be strictly followed and the characteristics of the material being processed must be taken into account.

sorting process

This initial stage of scrap metal processing is considered one of the most important. Thanks to its implementation, unusable products and accidentally fallen objects are removed.

Main sorting criteria:

• product size;
• material of manufacture;
• the presence of additional inclusions.

If sorting takes place at specially equipped enterprises, then this process can be automated. In smaller or private locations, this work is done by hand.

Sorting order:

Cutting, cutting and cleaning

All these stages are carried out in order to prepare the material for remelting. Immediately after sorting the scrap metal, cutting and cutting begins. They are needed only in those cases when the processing plant receives large-sized structures that will not fit in the melting furnace.

Cutting is carried out by specially trained employees who know exactly what size it is necessary to give the metal structure. To perform this work, high-quality cutting tools are used to grind even the hardest materials.

In case of receipt of small metal products, cutting is not carried out. It is replaced by the pressing process, which makes it possible to obtain compact briquettes that are conveniently transported to the melting department.

Sometimes dimensional sheets of metal with a small thickness are received for processing. In such situations, shredding (grinding in special devices) is carried out.

The last step in the pre-treatment of scrap metal is its cleaning. The technology for carrying out this process depends on the characteristics that the incoming material has. In most cases, separation is used. It allows you to clean the surface of scrap from dust, dirt and non-metallic impurities. The essence of this process is to use a directed air flow that blows away all unnecessary elements from the surface of the scrap metal.

Most large enterprises use special magnetic separators. These devices are equipped with a powerful magnet that attracts the crushed metal. After completion of this process, all non-metallic impurities remain at the bottom of the apparatus.

Remelting at specialized plants

Pre-prepared scrap metal is delivered to specialized smelters. Their workshops have the necessary equipment that will help turn scrap into liquid metal. The following devices are used for this process:

The incoming scrap goes through several stages before it turns into secondary raw materials. At each stage, a standard technology must be maintained that will achieve the desired result.

The melting process consists of the following steps:

1. Scrap metal is poured into a large steel ladle, the inner surface of which is coated with a special compound.
2. After that, the container is filled with molten iron.
3. After a few minutes, an oxygen purge process is carried out.
4. At the next stage, the metal is purified from silicon, sulfur and phosphorus, which make the material more brittle. For this, various additives are added to the bucket.
5. The purified metal is supplemented with the necessary chemicals, which make it possible to obtain certain properties of secondary raw materials.

Benefits of using recycled materials

After the completion of the processing of scrap metal, a material is obtained that has the same properties as the primary raw material. It is not only possible to make good quality rolled metal from it, but also to be used in various fields of activity.

The recycling process has a number of advantages. The most significant among them are:

Scrap recycling is an important event that allows you to solve the problem of metal shortage. If the process is carried out correctly, the desired result is quickly achieved, and financial costs are significantly reduced.

Today, the metallurgical industry has become one of the most developed industries. In the Russian market, the metallurgical industry is one of the first places. That is why the issue of recycling scrap metal is very relevant. The solution to this issue was all sorts of ways to process scrap metal, which is quite profitable for this industry. Consider the most acceptable and productive ways of processing scrap metal in this article.

Scrap metal recycling principles

It should be noted that secondary raw materials are the most necessary element in the smelting of metal; through the use of recycled metal scrap, there is a significant reduction in the cost of the entire production. Savings are visible in everything, and in the cost of charge type material and energy costs, and much more. In addition, the processing and recycling of scrap metal, both non-ferrous and ferrous, reduces the burden on the use of natural resources in this area, especially since they are already quite depleted today. All of these factors listed above are a significant argument in.

As a rule, the most frequent is the processing of ferrous scrap. This is due to the fact that today steel is produced in large quantities, the casting process of which involves a sufficiently large amount of scrap metal to mix it with cast iron. At the same time, it should be noted that the peculiarity of this technological process is that the more scrap is used in smelting, the better the quality of the finished product, in this case steel, will be.

Technological processes of scrap metal processing

The basis of pre-processing of scrap metal includes processes such as sorting, in which metal is separated into categories and varieties. Today there are several categories of scrap metal. Firstly, this is the separation of non-ferrous and ferrous scrap, since they cannot be used in one technological process.

The next stage of processing is cutting and cutting of scrap metal. Next, scrap metal is sorted out according to the content of carbon substances in it, according to the content of the alloying composition, according to its quality indicators, which today there are about twenty-eight types.

Ferrous metal scrap and cast iron scrap are also distributed. The first type of scrap includes such groups as shavings, as well as metal, which is a waste from the foundry industry, and scrap metal, which is formed as a result of domestic use and waste material from industrial production. The next type is cast iron scrap, which can also be in the form of shavings and foundry waste.

Another type is a type of scrap metal such as stainless steel scrap. This group includes metal processing waste and used materials that are out of order.

Recycling of non-ferrous scrap metal

Recycling of scrap metal is one of the most important areas in the metal industry; today this activity is referred to only as recycling. Scrap metal recycling activities affect absolutely all segments of the population.

Recycling of non-ferrous scrap metal is a more complex process and is carried out separately for each type of non-ferrous metal. As a rule, it is most often used in which there is a sufficiently large amount of lead. This metal can be successfully used for further purposes, and is easily recycled. The same is the case with products containing mercury, as well as with scrap of precious metals.

One of the promising areas of business is the processing of scrap metal. But, as in any business, there are many nuances and various issues. First of all, it is necessary to find a suitable place for the construction of an enterprise, equip the workshop with modern requirements, and obtain documents allowing work with metal. Let's try to consider the main issues related to how to make money on scrap metal.

Is it worth starting a business like scrap metal recycling?

Although it is difficult to predict the long-term demand for certain areas of metal processing, it can be said with certainty that, in general, the metal is always in demand, despite all the fluctuations in the economy.

Since the metal does not lose its properties during recycling, it is successfully used in the manufacture of products after remelting. Therefore, opening a business such as scrap metal processing is always a stable income. It is only important to approach the organization of business in the right way.

Since the creation of such an enterprise requires large financial investments, everything must be carefully thought out so that your investments begin to generate income as quickly as possible. To begin with, let's consider what equipment for scrap metal processing is used at similar enterprises.

Baling presses

The baling press is quite simple in its principle of operation, so its cost is relatively low. The machine independently performs the entire process of creating and compacting a briquette from metal waste. The operator only starts the mechanism, and the press independently performs the work.

Scrap metal is fed into a special loading compartment. When the baling press is filled to the required level, the operator receives a signal. After that, the press is launched directly, which, descending on the metal, rams it.

Press scissors

Press shears are also very often used in metal processing industries. Press scissors are stationary and mobile. Mobile, of course, are more convenient because they can be carried, but they are less powerful than stationary ones.

From the very name of this equipment, one can understand that it is used for grinding scrap metal. Special knives are installed in the press shears, which, when started, crumble the metal into small pieces. The productivity of such a unit can be equal to thirty tons of products per hour.

There is also a lot of different equipment, which is selected depending on the specific production tasks.

Business plan

In order to open a scrap metal processing plant, it is necessary to draw up a detailed business plan, which includes choosing the location of the future enterprise, collecting documents, registering, calculating estimated costs and income, purchasing the necessary equipment and creating a client base.

When drawing up a business plan, first of all, you need to calculate the income and expenses of production. The initial costs will mostly be related to the rental of premises and the purchase of equipment. This amount depends entirely on the direction and volume of production. Part of the cost will be wages to workers. If you purchase the most modern equipment, on which most processes are automated, you can reduce the number of jobs, thereby reducing the number of monthly salary costs.

The calculation of income is carried out by deducting from the amount of total profit the costs of utilities, wages, the purchase of raw materials, etc. On average, the profitability of this business is about 15-20%.

What is a metal license

To open a production facility aimed at processing scrap, you need to obtain a license for metal. This is a state permit that gives legal entities the right to engage in the purchase, acceptance, trade and processing of non-ferrous and ferrous scrap. Without this license, buying and selling metal is prohibited.

In addition to providing all the necessary documents, in order to obtain a license for metals, you must pay a state duty.

To obtain a license, the production must meet the requirements for work. These are the conditions concerning the premises, the complex of equipment and the working personnel. As for the equipment, then you need to pay special attention to it.

To obtain a license, any enterprise must have installed: a press, equipment for crushing and sorting chips and a dosimeter.

Since each regional structure is differently loaded with the amount of work, and each state entity has its own legal acts regulating this area, the period during which a metal license will be issued is different. As a rule, environmental committees issue a license approximately 45 days after the submission of an application and a package of documents.

Depending on the type of license issued, its cost is differentiated. The state allows the company to obtain a license for black and non-ferrous scrap, both separately for each type, and a single one. At the same time, a license for both types of metals will cost less than two licenses.

Start with little financial outlay

If you do not have enough initial capital to purchase expensive equipment, you can start a business by creating a scrap metal collection point. And the collected scrap metal is further handed over to the scrap metal recycling points. For such a business, you will need to purchase large-capacity truck or suspended crane scales, and ordinary ones, on which non-ferrous metal will be weighed, will also come in handy.

For such a business, two employees will be enough - one will weigh the scrap metal, and the second will sort. We advise you not to save much on the wages of employees, otherwise they will underweight customers, and this will negatively affect your business.

When this business brings a stable income, you can think about expanding it, that is, purchasing equipment for metal processing. Moreover, you will no longer have problems with where to look for scrap metal, since there will be regular customers who consistently sell metal.

Business benefits

In addition to the fact that scrap metal recycling can be very profitable, it brings huge benefits to society and the environment.

Since scrap metal does not lose its properties during processing, it is used to create new products that do not require ore remelting.

As for the environment, nature also wins here, since the oxidation of the metal in the soil causes irreparable damage to it. Therefore, the collection of scrap metal can be called not only a resource-saving, but also a humane type of business.

Conclusion

Metal is still the main material used in a wide variety of industries. Thanks to the good demand for metal, scrap metal recycling can become a profitable and stable business. This business requires a large initial investment, since in addition to paying for the premises, sites and remuneration of employees, it will be necessary to purchase expensive equipment. But if you draw up a business plan correctly, scrap metal will begin to generate a stable income in six months, fully recouping the initial costs.

If you find unnecessary scrap on your site or at home, if the enterprise has old machines and equipment, then scrap metal recycling in Moscow will help get rid of blockages. MosMetall has been operating on the market for more than a year and offers excellent conditions for its customers. The process is the collection of spare parts and subsequent shipment to special landfills.

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A distinctive feature of the material is the possibility of recycling. Thus, the recycling of non-ferrous and ferrous scrap metal is a good chance for additional income for individuals and legally registered offices, and also a way to care for the environment. Recycling is also useful for industrial plants and factories, since the cost of secondary raw materials is lower than that of mined minerals.

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