Download a business plan ready with calculations. How to write a business plan for an individual entrepreneur: a sample of writing a program to start your own business

Successful business development directly depends on the preparation of a business plan.

It is not enough just to make a plan, it is necessary to constantly adjust it in accordance with market changes.

This will allow your business to "stay afloat", receiving income and conducting a clear planning of the expenditure side of the budget.

Every successful individual entrepreneur (IE) knows that a well-written business plan is the “foundation” of any activity. Using a business plan, an individual entrepreneur can attract investors or apply for a loan from a bank.

A business plan is a complete program for launching and developing a business, containing detailed information about a product, its release and distribution. The business plan reflects the planned profitability of the company, and also demonstrates the financial return on investment.

The preparation of a business plan for lenders should focus on specific financial indicators. The basic rule for writing a successful business plan is to be dynamic and short (no more than 15-20 sheets). Consider how to write a business plan yourself?

Title page

How to draw up a business plan? This requires a sample, especially for a beginner. Any work, first of all, consists of a title page.

This is the "face" of your business. The title page "acquaints" a potential investor with a business idea, so it is very important to learn how to correctly draw it up.

The title page should be attractive and briefly inform the investor about the essence of the business. The obligatory items of the title page are:

• IP name;
• contact details of the enterprise (telephone, address, etc.);
• privacy note;
• short name of the project;
• Full name of the head of the IP, his contact details;
• information on the preparation of a business plan (who made it, when, where);
• information about the timing of the project.

Want to know more about writing business plans? Then the next topic is for you. : purpose and structure, algorithm and examples.

Read about how to open an online store for free and quickly.

A cafe is a business that can bring big profits in the future. Here is everything about how to open a cafe, a business plan with cost and profitability calculations.

1. Summary.
2. Project descriptions.
3. Carrying out market analysis, evaluation of competitors.
4. Marketing strategy.
5. Production, organizational and financial plans.

The summary is a brief and general information about the project. The volume of the resume should not exceed 1 printed page. The summary contains information about the scope of activities and financial results of the company, which are expected. The summary also substantiates the goals of creating the project, its uniqueness and benefits for investors.

Product Description

When compiling a description of products, it is necessary to focus on the usefulness of this good.

You can also make a brief comparison of this product with analogues, dwelling on the main differences.

The Product Description section should provide an opportunity to analyze the future development of the business.

Description of the business model

The business model is a simplified version of the functioning of all IP systems and business processes. Creating a business model is one of the most important steps at the stage of strategic planning of a company's activities.

A business model succinctly describes how a company creates and sells its product. The development of the business model is entrusted to the IP management team.

Market and industry analysis

At the stage of market analysis, it is necessary to get acquainted with the situation in detail, analyze the total volume of potential sales for the products produced. You can also make a trial batch of goods in order to study the behavior and reactions of buyers to it. Analyzing the market, it is necessary to evaluate competitors.

The general scheme of a competent business plan

How to write the right business plan? A competent business plan contains detailed information about the main competitors to understand the prospects for the development of IP.

Strategic SWOT Analysis

At the stage of conducting a SWOT analysis, the strengths and weaknesses of the company are studied, risk factors and market opportunities are assessed.

SWOT analysis helps the IP management to evaluate the following points:

• the presence of an IP advantage in the market for similar goods;
• vulnerable ("bottleneck") places of the company;
• chances of making a profit;
• threats from the market and competitors.

Risk assessment and management

An integral part of the business plan is the concept of risk management.

This section is designed to prevent the occurrence of adverse events in the company's activities in order to avoid significant financial losses.

Active risk management implies their prevention at the decision-making stage. In this case, risk management is related to marketing research of the market, which shows the probability of incurring losses based on an assessment of demand and the pricing policy of competitors.

Any investor who decides to invest funds pays attention to the risk of losing the invested capital.

Sales strategy

A sales strategy is a comprehensive planning consisting of answers to the following questions:

• How (through what channels) will the product be distributed?
• What will be the price of the product?
• How to interest buyers?
• How to create an ad? How much money to allocate for this?

In this section, it is necessary to analyze the market and make a clear description of the conditions under which potential buyers will become clients of the IP.

organizational plan

In the section "Organizational plan", as a rule, the general structure of the IP and the role of each of its links in the process of production and sale of goods are indicated. In addition to the general structure of the enterprise, investors are interested in information about each member of the management (if the company plans to raise capital).

This paragraph demonstrates the general table of income and expenses of the company, draws up a forecast balance sheet, and calculates the calculation (cost) of goods.

When compiling a financial plan, it is necessary to calculate the payback period of the project with a breakdown of cash flows by months.

When working on a business plan, you should not overdo it. Consider only basic information. It is important that the investor, after reading the first two pages, already understands what is at stake. The data used in the preparation of the business plan must be 100% reliable.

Related video

One investor decided to retire after 15 years. Every month he invests 20 thousand rubles.

The purpose of the experiment is to live on dividends in the amount of 50 thousand rubles a month. The public portfolio will allow you to follow the movements and join it if you wish. @dividendslife

• 1. Sample business plan
  • 1.1. Business plan sections
  • 1.2. Project description
  • 1.3. Production plan
  • 1.4. Marketing plan
  • 1.5. Financial plan

Each company in the course of its activities must clearly understand the needs for all types of resources, as well as be able to accurately calculate the amount of funds needed to implement their business ideas. In a market economy, it is necessary to be able to plan, regularly analyze the internal and external environment, evaluate your own prospects and opportunities. For clarity, consider a sample business plan with calculations. Also at the very end of the article, you can download a detailed grocery store business plan.

Web studio business plan - sample with calculations

1. Sample business plan

The article presents a sample business plan with calculations for starting a website development company. Today, many companies decide to open their representative office on the Internet. As a result, there is a need to create an official website.

A business plan is an official document that will subsequently be presented to potential investors and partners. Therefore, when developing it, certain principles should be followed.

1.1. Business plan sections

• introduction,
• (brief description of the project and main financial indicators),
• project description,
• analysis of the company's capabilities,
• production plan,
• marketing plan,
• financial plan,
• risk analysis,
• conclusion,
• links to sources.

1.2. Project description

The projected company is created for the purpose of developing websites and their subsequent placement on the Internet. The company's product is a website, made in accordance with the client's requests, the chosen concept and functionality. The average price of a website (based on the arithmetic mean) will be 64 thousand rubles.

At the moment, the development stage of the project is evaluated as a business idea. The objective of the project is to position itself in the market as a professional company creating websites of varying complexity, with a modern concept and user-friendly interface.

When recruiting, it is planned to look for professional layout designers and web designers based on an assessment of their portfolio (CV).

1.3. Production plan

For the implementation of the business project, it is planned to spend 200 thousand rubles of own funds and 800,000 rubles - borrowed funds in the form of a bank loan, i.e. all in all 1 million rubles.

All information is given as an example - this business plan is a sample with approximate calculations

At the moment, the IT-technologies segment is in the stage of dynamic growth. As a result of the penetration of broadband access into the regions of Russia, the development of mobile and wireless data transmission networks, there has been an increase in Internet users.

The preparatory period for the opening of the project is planned to be completed in full within six months.

The staff of the company will consist of 6 people: CEO, accountant, workers and four programmers, each of which is responsible for a specific project and is a highly specialized specialist.

Web studio staff

Estimated payroll will amount to 1659 thousand rubles. in the first year, 1893 thousand rubles. in the second year and 1962 thousand rubles. in the third year of the project.

Estimated revenue for the first year will amount to 3793.93 thousand rubles, for the second year - 6140.19 thousand rubles, and for the third year - 6278.12 thousand rubles.

Acquisition costs fixed assets are estimated at 634.88 thousand rubles. The amount of depreciation deductions is not calculated, since the organization will work on a simplified taxation system.

Cost of services provided will amount to 3918.55 thousand rubles in 2017, 3491.906 thousand rubles in 2018 and 3527.547 thousand rubles in 2019, respectively. The decrease in cost in 2018 compared to 2017 is due to the write-off of the cost of fixed assets, and the increase in cost in 2019 compared to 2018 is due to an increase in the cost of staff salaries, the purchase of consumables for the subsequent creation of services. It should be noted that business plan calculation samples depend on the specific economic situation in the country.

1.4. Marketing plan

The amount of marketing expenses is estimated at 13% of revenue in 2017, 4.2% in 2018 and 4.15% in 2019.

1.5. Financial plan

The financial results of the project implementation are estimated as follows. In the first year of operation, the financial result will be negative and the loss in 2017 will amount to 124.62 thousand rubles.

In 2019, the profit will be 2,648,284 rubles, and the maximum profit of 2,750,573 rubles will be achieved in 2019.

Cumulative net profit at the end of 2017 will be -230.807 thousand rubles, at the end of 2018 - +1813.725 thousand rubles, and at the end of 2019 - +4215.028 thousand rubles.

We will calculate the effectiveness of investments for the project

1. Net present value:
   NPV = 2947.435 rubles.
2. Internal rate of return (IRR):
   2947.435 / (1 + x) 3 = 100 * 0.579;
   2947.435 = 57.9 * (1 + x) 3;
   (1 + x) 3 = 50.91;
   x = 2.71, IRR = 271%.
3. Yield Index (PI):
   PI = A / KV = 2947.435 / 1000.0 = 2.647
   Index of return on investment > 1. This indicates that this project is effective.
4. Payback period (PP):
   PP = 2 + = 2 + 0.7 = 2.7 quarters
5. Discounted payback period (DPP):
   DPP = 3 + = 3 + 0.74 = 3.74 quarters

Thus, the payback period of the business project is 3.74 quarters, and a year after the start of the project, a guaranteed return of the loan and income will be made if the specified conditions for the implementation of the project are met.

2. How to write a business plan - video + ready sample

This sample includes all the main points and necessary calculations and can be used as an example of a business plan for your own development. It should also be noted that a detailed business plan sample with calculations can be bought from specialized companies.

You can also view the detailed grocery store business plan.

3. Write and implement a business plan

Now that you know about the basic principles of writing a specific business plan, try to implement your old business idea. Carefully consider each step, the business plan should be drawn up taking into account the characteristics of the market you are going to enter.

Of course, in order to succeed in business, one business plan, even if thought out to the smallest detail, will not be enough. Therefore, we advise you to read the books of successful people with the secrets of achieving really big business goals. We invite you to download a free book about the top 10 secrets of rich people.

As a rule, a classic Business Plan consists of twelve main elements, including a title page and a confidentiality memorandum.

A well-written business plan can both simply become the basis for organizing a business, and help raise funds for the development of a project if it turns out to be attractive to an investor or lender. Below is a step-by-step guide on how to write a business plan, with a description of its most important elements and recommendations for drafting.

What is a Business Plan in simple words and an example

A business plan is a document that provides a detailed justification for the project and an opportunity to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the decisions made, planned activities, and answer the question of whether it is worth investing in this project.

A ready-made business plan includes all elements of the development and operation of the business for the planned period. How detailed and competently a business plan is written to open a business depends on how much the idea will be evaluated from the outside, as well as the number of sudden nuances that were not taken into account initially.

We can say that the development of a business plan is half the creation of a business. It describes the details of conducting technological processes, accounting, the state of affairs in the industry, as well as documentation.

In this way, simple business plan- this is a detailed description of the planned project, containing calculations and expected results for the next few years.

Sample Business Plans (download)

Below you will find some more examples and samples of business plans that you can download and study in detail.

Types of business plans

When deciding how to write a business plan correctly, you must first determine for whom it will be written. There are two main formats for this document:

1. Interior. Such a business plan is intended solely for private use among the founders. With its help, expenses, production volumes and necessary stocks, etc. are planned. Such a business plan should be as close to reality as possible and reflect all the risks even in the worst case scenario. Some details of such a business plan that are obvious to the founder can be omitted, since in this case there will be no one to evaluate the extra details.
2. For external users. Such business plans are prepared for presentation to investors or creditors, as well as government support agencies from which funds are expected to be received. This type of plan is distinguished not only by greater detail, but also by a wider evidence base, a large number of calculations. In this case, it is necessary to convince your counterparties of the validity of the calculations and prospects described in the plan. Logic and sequence of presentation of information, the quality of its presentation, design and accuracy are important. It is often possible to use the maximum and minimum possible real numbers where this directly affects the result of the calculation and efficiency, in order to increase the attractiveness of the idea for those who can invest in it. It will be good if all facts and figures contain sources that support their reliability. A business plan that will have visual materials will also win.

You cannot write a business plan for yourself and for an investor at the same time, because they have different purposes.

Internal plans should be more meaningful and practical, and the values ​​​​in the calculations should be closer to the average or even worse. Plans for external users should be logical and neat, and the values ​​in them are usually close to the ideal scenario.

What does a Business Plan consist of - Structure

Depending on the specifics of the business and the purpose of the document, the number and content of the points of the business plan may vary. A typical business plan usually consists of the following elements:

1. Title page.
2. Confidentiality Memorandum.
3. Summary.
4. Objective of the project.
5. Analysis of the position of the enterprise in the industry.
6. Description of the product of labor.
7. Production plan.
8. Organizational plan.
9. Risk analysis.
10. Applications.

Some elements required for writing a business plan for an employment center or lenders are optional for writing documents for internal use. For example, it doesn't make much sense to write a confidentiality memorandum or cover page for yourself.

At the same time, a business plan for a store may not contain a paragraph describing the product of labor, since in this case all goods are purchased for resale, and the list of services is standard.

How to start making your Business Plan - Instructions

To begin with, it is necessary to clearly define the scope of activity and the product that will be produced by the newly created enterprise. To do this, it is necessary to conduct a preliminary analysis of the market situation in real time and identify niches that are not sufficiently represented on the market. Choosing one of these niches will make it more likely to successfully occupy your market share in a short time.

Next, you need to collect all the information available in the public domain about this field of activity. The greatest attention should be paid to real stories and reviews of people applying in this area. Only they are able to give an idea of ​​the nuances that at first glance are implicit.

For popular industries, for example, for a cafe or a beauty salon, you can find a sample business plan for review or even special services that help in its formation. In the case of more specific industries, the amount of information freely available may be limited.

In case of a clear lack of data for analysis, it is best to seek a paid consultation from specialists - they will help fill in the gaps in knowledge.

SWOT analysis

This type of analysis is used to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the idea in the presence of information about the latter. Conducting a SWOT analysis helps to visually correlate the pros, cons and dangers of a future project in order to conduct a holistic assessment of them.

In the name, as an abbreviation, the essence of the method is encrypted: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. It is for these four columns that the data is posted in the SWOT analysis.

• To the strengths refer to the advantages that the chosen niche has.
• Weak sides should be described in as much detail as possible, as they are needed in order to eliminate them in the future. This column includes all the shortcomings in the theoretical implementation of the plan, from low profitability to the lack of own premises.

Strengths and weaknesses, for the most part, are internal factors that are directly affected by the founder.

Opportunities and threats, on the contrary, are considered external factors that must either be used or adjusted and kept in mind. A sample table for conducting a SWOT analysis of a production project for a business plan is presented below:

Resume writing

One of the elements of writing a business plan from scratch is resume writing.

This element is always located at the beginning of the business plan and contains some brief information about it, forcing people who decide to read the content of the document to become interested in it and continue reading.

This is most important when looking for potential investors and lenders.

Despite the location of this element in the document, the founder does not start working on it before writing a business plan for a small business, since the summary is a section that presents consolidated information from the rest of the business plan.

Accordingly, the work on the summary is the last thing the founder starts - this is, for the most part, the business card of the project for external users of information.

The main points that contractors want to see in a resume are usually the possible level of return on investment in the development of the project, as well as the risks taken on such investments.

Often, the purpose of the project is taken out in a separate section.

In this subparagraph, it is necessary to indicate the goals, tasks set for the business, and also to argue the success of the future enterprise. Often in this paragraph, the results obtained from the SWOT analysis are used.

Analysis of the company's place in the market

This section usually contains an overview of competition in the selected industry, presented by the number of competing firms and their market shares, product specifics and sales volume, if such data are available.

Also, this section usually includes data on the planned size of the organization being created and competing organizations: the number of employees, production capacities, and so on.

• Check out (download).

Based on this analysis, a promising place in the industry is usually determined, that is, the market share that is planned to be taken in the future and in what time frame this should happen. If the business plan is drawn up for external users, then this item is one of the fundamental ones and should be disclosed in detail.

As advantages, one can take into account the experience of hired employees and managers, possible prospects for the development of the organization, various know-how, and so on.

When it becomes necessary to write a business plan yourself, you need to pay special attention to some mandatory elements in its content. In the case of a marketing plan, such elements are promotion tools, demand analysis, and preliminary sales directions, especially when it comes to production.

Product promotion tools are usually advertising, direct sales, and other options, depending on the field of activity.

In some cases, competent merchandising can be used as a promotion tool. It is also necessary to indicate by what means the promotion will be carried out: whether it will be a special department, an individual employee, or the services of outsourcing firms and inviting third-party specialists.

Marketing demand research is an extremely difficult and serious work, therefore, if you are not confident in your own skills, it is better to leave it to professionals. In this case, the likelihood that such a study will be positively assessed by creditors will be higher.

However, if it is important how to draw up a business plan yourself from and to, then it is necessary to take into account not only the volume of demand at a particular moment, but also its seasonal fluctuations, elasticity under the influence of the price factor, average prices for goods, the possibility of stimulating demand.

If there are already preliminary options for the sale of products, it would be good to indicate them and draw up for each its own sales program, which will include sales volumes for the period, revenue, tax administration (for example, payment of VAT if the counterparty is not its payer etc.), methods and terms of delivery and payment. Here you can also specify the rules and content of future promotions and discounts, if there are any developments on them.

It would be good to make a forecast sales table with calculations of the total revenue for each counterparty or for each product. Tables can have a simple but informative look:

If possible, it is better to give accompanying documentation to the amounts so that prices and volumes are not taken from thin air. Also, do not deliberately overestimate prospective indicators if such documentation is not available - this section should not raise doubts among investors.

Production plan

One of the most important elements of any business plan. It must be understood that this part of the plan does not apply only to manufacturing enterprises - the production plan includes the entire process of the organization's functioning.

An exception may be a business in which no actions are taken by the staff at all with the products - for example, a wholesale store that simply purchases products, stores them in a warehouse, and then sells them.

If we consider the business plan of a restaurant or coffee shop, then the production plan includes everything from the purchase of products for cooking and the time of preparation of a dish or drink, to the equipment used, the cost and shelf life of the finished dish, as well as the process of maintaining existing inventory and mechanisms .

This paragraph, depending on the field of activity, should include:

• Raw materials and other production costs.
• The cost of acquiring equipment and premises.
• Labor costs.
• General production and general business expenses - rent, utilities, etc.
• Overheads.

In addition to expenses, this paragraph describes in detail the work processes, the timing of each production cycle and storage of products, the useful life of equipment, the mechanisms for interaction between different departments, the requirements for employees, the planned wages, the schedule for calculating them, and so on.

As a result, we can present a production plan painted by sub-items, starting with the purchase of raw materials and ending with the payment of wages and the sale of final products.

organizational plan

In this section, it is necessary to describe the structure of the company and its management system. This includes the organizational structure, staffing, information about the management of the enterprise, founders, legal form, planned management mechanisms, distribution of responsibility.

• (download in PDF).

This section also discusses the process of documenting activities in the process of its organization, with references to the primary legal acts, according to which the registration and activities of the enterprise will take place. As a rule, this item is signed in order, starting with the lease of the premises and ending with the start of production.

This section of the plan, regardless of the purpose of the document, must be disclosed in as much detail as possible, since it depends on how much the planned expenses and incomes will coincide with the real ones in the future.

This item is the preparation of settlement documentation for planned costs, as well as approximate amounts of revenue. The best option for presenting this information is tabular, with separate explanations, since the amount of information in the financial plan of even a small enterprise is quite large.

Be sure to remember that the enterprise has fixed costs that do not depend on the volume of production, such as rent, and variables determined by the volume of output. It is also necessary to take into account the cost of maintenance and repair of units, and all this must be taken into account when calculating the unit cost of production. Fixed assets transfer their value to finished products gradually, therefore their cost is included in the cost price depending on the useful life in the form of depreciation.

• (download).

After the unit cost of production has been calculated, as well as the volume of fixed costs over a period of time, the break-even production volume is calculated - that is, the amount of production that must be produced and sold at a given price in order to fully cover the cost and fixed costs. A further increase in production and sales will mean an increase in profits.

Also in this section, it is necessary to present the payback period of the project, which in a simplified form is calculated as the ratio of initial costs to monthly net profit. The result will be in months.

Also in this section, you can include other indicators necessary depending on the scope of the enterprise. In general, the more detailed information provided in this section, the better. For example, in the case of opening an online store, you can create a similar table:

Identification of risks

In this paragraph, it is necessary to consider the various risks that are inherent in the industry, region or type of activity, assess their theoretically possible impact on the organization's activities and possible damage, and also describe in detail the ways to counter them, highlighting those that will be used in certain situations.

If the business plan is being written for internal use, this section should be as detailed as possible - this can be very helpful in the future.

When drawing up a document for investors, some implicit risks can be omitted, but in no case should the obvious ones be omitted - this will be noticed and perceived as a flaw or short-sightedness of the founder. When developing this item, the founder will also be helped by the SWOT analysis carried out at the beginning.

Formation of applications

Annexes are an essential element of a business plan, especially for external use. All possible documents confirming the theses expressed by the founder earlier are attached to the plan as annexes.

It is highly desirable to confirm all figures, for example, with official statistics, reporting documents from similar firms, letters of guarantee and certificates, and so on.

It is important to attach to the annexes also various agreements concluded with contractors or other founders, existing company documentation, documents certifying the qualifications and data of the founders and planned management personnel, and in general all possible documents confirming the information and judgments presented in the business plan itself.

These documents should be referenced in the text of the plan. Here you can also make too voluminous calculations or schemes.

Each business plan requires an individual approach, however, there are some general recommendations that apply to most of these documents, according to which you can both draw up a business plan for an individual entrepreneur for internal use, and develop a plan for creditors of an existing large enterprise.

• reflect the real situation. If you take into account in the plans highly inflated profitability indicators or too low prices for raw materials, as a result, you can get completely different financial result, which was calculated in the marketing plan.
• Write in clear, understandable language. If the business plan is written confusingly and with an abundance of errors, no investor or lender will take such a document seriously.
• Take into account the nuances. It is necessary to pay attention to such things as seasonal changes in prices for some goods and services, climatic conditions that affect production. For example, in different regions, the cost of heating workshop premises, especially large ones, can vary greatly.
• Make a business plan concisely, but without unnecessary volume. The usual length of this document is 20-25 pages, excluding appendices. If it turns out to be much larger, then it is better to transfer all documents, volumetric calculations and schemes to applications.
• Calculate costs as accurately as possible. If the price of a particular product or raw material fluctuates greatly, it is better to take the maximum values ​​so that in the event of another price fluctuation there will be no unpleasant surprise in the form of a loss of profitability.
• See related documents. Working on a plan is much easier when you have an example of writing a business plan at hand. To do this, below are examples of business plans in various areas that can be taken as a basis.

Conclusion

Drawing up a business plan is a rather complicated and time-consuming task. However, a well-written business plan can be considered half of starting your own business. Each industry has its own specifics for compiling this document, but there are some general points that must be taken into account when drawing up a high-quality business plan.

If you find an error, please highlight a piece of text and click Ctrl+Enter.

Greetings readers "site"! Today we will talk in detail about what is a business plan and why is it needed how to draw up a business plan as clearly, competently and concisely as possible (we will give a sample with calculations), as well as provide links so that you can download ready-made examples is free .

This material will be useful to all novice entrepreneurs and businessmen who plan to attract money from banks (investors).

Sooner or later, every entrepreneur faces the concept of a business plan.

Business plan(from English. business plan) is a project of your business, in which the goals and objectives of its creation are clearly defined. In it, the entrepreneur must describe his actions for a specific period of time to make a profit.

2. Rules for compiling (writing) a business plan 📝

Rule 1 Study the market situation in advance

Before starting to draw up a business plan, it is necessary to analyze the situation on the market as a whole. Gather as much information as possible about an upcoming venture or successful implementation.

Rule 2 Create a clear business strategy and follow it

The business plan must include specific actions throughout a certain period of time.

You must write down your actions in month, 3 month, 6 months, year and 3 of the year.

Rule 3 Consider both the pros and cons of the chosen business

In a business plan, you need to describe not only your strengths, but also possible losses, so to speak, weaknesses.

For example , strengths include highly qualified specialists, recognition in the market, bright brand etc. Possible losses or threats include: greater competition, high cost of goods or services.

3. How to write a business plan yourself - the order of writing and the structure of a business plan 📑

Regardless of the type of your activity, the main components of a business plan will be the same.

1. Introduction

The introductory part should not be too voluminous, but it should describe the most important:

• direction of the enterprise;
• payback period of the project;
• specific indicators.

Your potential investor should know the terms of return of their investments and possible losses.

2) Description of services

In this section, describe in detail the direction of your activity. Decide for yourself which segment of the market you will work with.

Important! Evaluate your competitors and your advantages over them.

Decide what you plan to focus on in your activities: low cost with high sales volumes, high service, or maybe something else.

To completethissection you need to do the following:

• Give a description and characteristics of the main and secondary products of the company;
• Take photographs of goods and services;
• Form a portrait of your intended consumer;
• Research and test your target market for similar products or services;
• Organize the service;
• Provide a pricing model. Assess the competitiveness of your project in the market.

After conducting such an analysis, you will definitely understand and be able to highlight the differences between your products in the sales market. And also clearly formulate what you produce and who needs it.

3) Marketing plan

Marketing plan - perhaps the most important stage in the development of your business. A lot will depend on well-designed marketing. You need to identify the main competitors for yourself, understand how they promote their project, and do better.

Ways to promote a business can be different:

• Place ads on radio, in magazines, on websites. It is only important to determine which advertising project format suits you;
• Be sure to work on direct selling. Starting with "cold calls" to your potential buyers, ending with the sale of goods and services with the help of representatives;
• Encourage staff to achieve high performance. Come up with promotions, bonuses for employees;
• Find out a more favorable season for your business;

The main thing, really assess the situation, do not exaggerate your capabilities. Brainstorm regularly, come up with new routes. Read more about that here.

4) Organizational plan

Specifically write down all the steps of the activity, appoint persons responsible for the implementation of certain actions. Limit the timing of the task.

5) Financial plan

When drawing up a financial plan, it is necessary to take into account all the little things, divide the costs into permanent and one-time.

• fixed costs - this is a monthly stationery, rent payment, utilities, internet, telephone, etc.
• One-time costs is the purchase of equipment for work, for example, computers, scanners, telephones, etc.

After compiling expenses, determine for yourself the minimum sales volume that will cover current expenses. Anything sold from above will be yours profit .

By calculating this, you will determine for yourself breakeven point. We can say that this is the purpose of the business plan.

6) Conclusion

The conclusion is intended to attract investors. Optimal partition size from 2 before 4 pages, which must be indicated:

• The main vector of your company's activity;
• Project profitability;
• Analysis of the company's place in the sales market;
• Company personnel, responsible persons;
• Expected qualitative and quantitative indicators of each period.

The "Summary" section should provide answers to 2 main questions:

1. What result can investors expect with a favorable business development?
2. What should investors expect in the worst case scenario?

Of course, it is better to write a conclusion when the business plan has already been practically drawn up.

4. Sample business plan with calculations using the example of an anti-cafe

Consider in detail the ready-made sample business plan on the example of anticafe .

1) Overview section

In the table we will see all the general information about the project:

2) Goods and services

Time spent in anticafe will be charged 2 rub/min . For this money, the cafe will provide services such as:

• Mini-library, you can retire and read books;
• Lots of games for big companies (mafia, board games);
• Game console;
• Karaoke, projector, tablets;
• You can arrange various courses, for example, in English, in Spanish, in psychology, visage trainings;
• You can also order banquets, children's birthdays;
• There is Wi-Fi, it can be used by any visitor;
• Tea, coffee and various sweets.

Ideal Clients: people aged 17 -45 years who live an active life; they have an average income; without bad habbits; these people like to spend time for their own benefit; they would like to get good knowledge and great emotions.

The client must spend in a cafe near 22 hours per month. From this, the profit per person is calculated approx. 3600 rubles per month.

3) Marketing strategy

The city currently has one cafe in this segment. It poses a potential threat as they already have an established customer base.

• Social networks (Instagram, telegram and others);
• SMS mailings;
• Discounts, coupons;
• Announcements on the radio.

New anti-cafe promotion strategy:

1. Direct attraction. Search for clients or organizations that will come to us in a large company. Hosting children's parties. Discounts for regular customers. Advertising in institutes.
2. Advertising in Odnoklassniki, Agent and many different networks. Coverage of a group of people who are at home. Advertising in social networks allows you to get a lot of information from customers and very quickly answer all your questions, while requiring very little financial outlay.
3. Building partnerships with firms that specialize in various holidays, show programs, corporate parties and more.
4. Club card. This card entitles you to spend as much time as you like in the anti-cafe. Price 4 800 rubles, expiration date 1 month.
5. Radio advertising. After a month of work, a story about events in the anti-cafe.

Such a business has seasonality . Anticafe has the highest attendance during autumn and winter seasons. And in summer and spring there are fewer customers ↓.

Therefore, the plan should be drawn up in such a way as to increase profit several times, so as not to go into lesion .

4) Financial plan

5) Conclusions

After analyzing all the costs for the reporting month, we can say - if the institution's profit is more 167 000 rubles, this will be breakeven point .

Given:

Simultaneous costs = 500 000 rubles
Consumption per 1 month = 167 000 rubles

Find: Payback period -?

Solution :

Payback period \u003d One-time costs / PI per month

1) We find an emergency per month

NP per month = Income per month - Expense per month

Profit per month = (Profit per day) * 30 days = ( 30 human * 2 hours * 120 rubles/hour) * 30 days = 216 000 rubles
PE per month = 216,000 rubles - 167,000 rubles = 49,000 rubles

2) Finding the payback period

Payback period \u003d 500,000 rubles (initial payment) / 49,000 rubles (PE per month) \u003d 10 months

*Of course, all calculations above are approximate and may vary from region to region.

5. Ready-made business plan examples for free + template 📎

We present a ready-made template for writing your plan, in which you can easily enter your data for calculation and overview analytics.

📌

Want to start a business but don't know where to start? Then you can not do without a clear and thought out plan of action. In this section, you'll find a proven and simple business plan that will help you build a successful business and weather economic storms.

Business areas

Investment amount

In the modern world, where competition between entrepreneurs is very serious, a novice businessman needs either to have a lot of capital to invest in his business, or to have an original idea for a business. Starting a toy rental company is a great idea for an aspiring entrepreneur.

So much has been said about the beneficial properties of honey that there is not even anything to add. It is one of the most useful products for the human body - it strengthens the immune system well due to its unique composition, rich in vitamins, useful phytoncides and enzymes. This is a product that is in good demand all year round.

Diapers are a must for every parent. That is why the demand for them does not fall from year to year. Today, the production of sanitary and hygienic products remains one of the most growing segments of the children's goods market. According to some reports, its growth rate is more than 10% per year. The main factors that have a direct impact on its development are the growth of the birth rate, stability in the incomes of the population or their growth, and the popularization of the consumption of children's goods.

In recent years, the issue of a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition has become one of the most relevant. From the media, posters and slogans, you can often hear calls for sports. It is sports that are a trend towards an increase in life expectancy among the population. The owners of sports schools and fitness centers only welcome such government initiatives.

In all countries of the world, wooden toys are very popular. They represent one of the oldest assortment groups. However, in Russia now their production is rather poorly developed. Only a few (slightly more than 30) relatively large enterprises have managed to prove themselves on the market. In Europe, for comparison, there are several hundred of them.

Photobooks appeared in our country after 2000. They replaced flash drives and disks as a more compact storage medium. The book has the appearance of a magazine, where the pages are replaced by large professional photographs and collages. Many consider such production as a profitable business idea with a quick payback and high profitability.

From 200 000 rubles

Starting your own business is always an exciting and, at the same time, an interesting process that can radically change your life. A person has the right to choose any activity that he wants to implement, the main thing is that it does not violate the laws of the country.

In rural areas, residents have always raised geese. They are in almost every home, but are grown, as a rule, only for their families. Few people think that geese breeding as a business is a great and profitable idea.

Canteens, cafes, stalls selling fast food - today you can meet at every step. However, starting your own business is not as easy as it might seem. More than 70% of new establishments cannot stand the competition and close within a few years without paying for themselves. In addition to a large number of competitors, there are several other nuances that put the business at risk.

From 700 000 rubles.

Modern man lives at a fast pace. Intensive loads at work, an abundance of stressful situations lead to the accumulation of fatigue. To shake things up and get away from the daily routine, people prefer various types of recreation. For supporters of active types of entertainment and seekers of new sensations, a game called laser tag is great.

The competition in the construction and finishing industry is very high. Every year, thousands of interior decorating firms are opened all over Russia, and the same number are closed due to unprofitability. How to open an apartment renovation business and succeed in it?

The recycling business is not limited to collecting cans, bottles and old paper. In fact, most profitable recycling businesses concentrate on working with wood waste. Wood waste is a recyclable material that is generated from municipal solid waste (MSW), industrial and commercial waste, and construction and demolition waste

Food production in Russia is one of the most profitable businesses. But a wide range of available products leads to the fact that not every product finds its buyer. Before choosing a type of business, you should find out how profitable it is. The production of sunflower oil is an interesting business that attracts many entrepreneurs.

The aquarium is a bright decoration of housing, office space, entertainment centers, shopping galleries, restaurants and shops. Such popularity is associated with a huge variety of their design. In addition, they attract the eye with beauty, bright colors and exoticism. The consumer does not always find in the store the finished aquarium he needs, suitable in shape, dimensions, design and price.

There are no analogues to polypropylene bags, they are distinguished not only by high strength, but also by ease of manufacture. In a crisis, this is one of the best ideas that will help you make good and long money. Today we have to learn how to set up the production of polypropylene bags, and what capital may be needed.

Own car wash for trucks is a relevant business for Russia. Roads on which cars rush will always bring a large number of problems. The peculiarity of such a business lies in the fact that there are a lot of such car washes for cars, but only a few for trucks, and you won’t find them in every city.

Even 30 years ago, laundries and dry cleaners were common throughout the country. However, time passed, demand for commercial laundries and dry cleaners fell, state-owned enterprises closed, and those that once passed into private hands were hopelessly outdated. The old equipment coped with its functions worse and worse, and the new one was not acquired. Over time, the number of dry cleaners and public laundries has been reduced to a minimum.

Sports and a healthy lifestyle is a business niche that is actively developing and is in constant demand among the population. Statistics show that the demand for the services of gyms is constantly growing, and there are still not enough offers that meet the needs. It is for this reason that more and more aspiring entrepreneurs are choosing the direction of sports and physical education for themselves and are wondering how to open a sports club from scratch.

Ostriches in Russia until recently were a curiosity that could only be found in zoos. Times have changed and, adopting foreign experience, Russian farmers have noticed that breeding ostriches is a profitable business. Looking back to Europe and the US, the demand for dietary meat is growing. More than 1,000 farms have opened in recent years, but demand still exceeds supply.

In the economic realities of modern Russia, trying to open your own business is akin to playing roulette. The competition for raw materials and sales markets is so high that a newcomer does not always manage to gain a foothold in the market, and even more so, develop his business at least to a medium size. Therefore, already at the planning stage, you should calculate all possible risks, pros and cons

A business plan is primarily necessary for the entrepreneur himself. Calculations allow you to find out the size of the required start-up capital and the payback time. Detailed calculations put everything in its place and make it possible to abandon a hopeless project, for example, with a payback of ten years or more, even before investing.

Planning the activities of the enterprise provides an opportunity to take into account all possible risks and prevent them, to develop a plan "B" in advance. Without a thoughtful and detailed business plan, you will not be able to attract investments either from a bank or from private investors.

Buy a ready-made business project or do it yourself?

If you are looking for a business plan for a small business, you definitely need to do it yourself. In the process of calculations and planning, an entrepreneur will be able to delve deeper into the essence of the business being opened and avoid many mistakes.

To correctly draw up a real business plan for a company, you need to have deep knowledge of tax and labor legislation, accounting and financial accounting, management, and, of course, familiarize yourself with the market segment in which you plan to operate.

If you are just taking the first steps in entrepreneurship, do not have a specialized education or practical business planning skills, use our database. It presents examples of business plans for small businesses that have been successfully implemented and proven their worth. All projects are systematized, you just have to choose a ready-made example and, based on a ready-made template with already given formulas, make your own calculations.

As for the opening of a large industrial company, the opening of which involves billions of dollars of investment, it is better to entrust the development of a business plan for production to a team of specialists. The larger the project, the more subtleties. Well, the presented examples will help to initially assess the approximate size of investments and the prospects of the project.

Our database contains detailed business plans with calculations for:

Opening of shops of various orientations, enterprises for wholesale trade;

Enterprises for the production of building materials;

Agricultural and food processing enterprises;

Enterprises in the service sector: cafes, restaurants, beauty salons, etc.;

amusement parks;

Vending (installation of vending machines: coffee, toys, photo machines, etc.);

Mini-production, etc.;

Internet shops;

Opening a shop with hand-made goods, etc.;

Social projects, etc.

Note! Our website contains typical examples of business plans with calculations and they are intended for review. The market, like prices, is in motion. Therefore, these figures can only be used as a basis. Before starting the implementation of the project, everything must be calculated in detail based on the above algorithm.

How to use business ideas from our database: an algorithm of actions

We study in detail an example of a business plan. We evaluate the volume of investments and the payback period - if these parameters are not suitable, we are looking for another direction. If the decision is positive, we move on to the next item;

We analyze the local market (where we will operate). The ideal option is to combine ready-made data from industry experts (can be found on the Internet, newspapers, television business channels) and independently evaluate the activities of competitors' enterprises;

Marketing research: analysis of competitors' activities, current prices for similar services, calculation of market capacity, average monthly and average annual revenue, taking into account seasonal fluctuations;

Estimating costs: looking for suppliers of equipment and raw materials;

Determination of the legal form and tax regime, calculation of tax deductions, salaries to employees.

After all the research and calculations, we should get the main figures - the amount of investment, profitability and payback period.

Typical mistakes of a novice businessman when drawing up a business plan

When calculating a business project, novice businessmen most often make a number of typical mistakes:

When determining investments, the cost of purchasing raw materials for just one month is taken into account, while it usually takes three to six months to reach self-sufficiency;

When calculating salaries, the real number of staff is underestimated, in addition, sick leave and tax deductions for each employee are not taken into account;

The costs of utilities are not taken into account or underestimated: payment for electricity, water and gas supply.