Everything you wanted to know about reb. Aviation, land and sea complexes of electronic warfare Russian electronic warfare equipment surpasses Western counterparts

On December 16, the Armed Forces of Belarus will celebrate the Day of Electronic Warfare Specialist.

The professional holiday was established in 2002 by order of the Minister of Defense to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the formation of the governing bodies and military units of electronic warfare (EW).

The creation of the first military units and EW control bodies of the Red Army dates back to 1942.

After summarizing the experience of creating radio interference by military radio stations at the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War, on December 16, 1942, a resolution of the USSR State Defense Committee "On the organization in the Red Army of a special service for driving German radio stations operating on the battlefield" was adopted. In accordance with this document, the first radio interference units were formed - the 130th, 131st, 132nd and 226th separate special-purpose radio divisions, and to manage their work - a department as part of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Red Army.

Having taken an active part in all major operations of the Great Patriotic War, starting from 1943 and until the complete defeat of Nazi Germany, these military units made a great contribution to the disorganization of enemy command and control. The 130th and 131st Special Forces Orders were awarded the Order of the Red Star for special successes in disrupting the control of the troops of the encircled groups near Glogau and Breslavl, and the 132nd Special Forces Order for success in solving combat missions was awarded the Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky. For "particularly effective interference" that led to the disruption of command and control of the encircled group in Koenigsberg, the 131st Special Forces Order was given the honorary name "Koenigsberg".

At the end of the Great Patriotic War, the electronic warfare units were disbanded.

Subsequently, the creation of new electronic warfare equipment, the formation of special units and subunits, as well as the development of the procedure and methods for their use, became a response to the improvement and development of troop and weapon control systems in the armies of foreign states, which were based on electronic means.

During the post-war armed conflicts of the 1950s-1960s, especially during the wars in Korea and Vietnam, methods and means of interference with radio communications and radar were developed and widely used. Since then, without active radio countermeasures, it has become almost impossible to succeed in combat.

As a result, in 1954, a decision was made to form special military units in the Ground Forces of the Soviet Army, designed to solve the problems of electronic warfare.

With the acquisition of sovereignty and independence by the Republic of Belarus, the Armed Forces of our state, which became the successor of the Red Banner Belarusian Military District, received a significant arsenal of electronic weapons.

Over the past two decades, the electronic warfare system of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus has been in constant development. The organizational and staffing structure of EW military units is being improved, new special equipment is systematically entering service. Over the past decade alone, thanks to close cooperation with Belarusian industrial enterprises, more than a dozen fundamentally new types of special electronic warfare equipment have been put into service, which are not inferior in their characteristics to foreign counterparts.

Electronic warfare means basically contain a complex element base, and, like any electronic devices, are subject to periodic maintenance, and, if necessary, repair. For two years, the military units have been armed with a mobile control and repair station, which allows maintaining the entire line of special equipment in service with the Belarusian army in good condition, revealing a malfunction down to the element of the circuit diagram using a hardware-software method.

Work on modern means of creating interference, technical control requires deep knowledge of physics, mathematics, electronics. Therefore, one of the most important activities of military command and control bodies and commanders of military units is the training of electronic warfare specialists, which is carried out at the Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus and directly in military units. Its high level is evidenced by the grades received by graduates in exams and in the course of combat training.

To date, the multifunctional integrated electronic warfare system created in the Armed Forces of the country is successfully functioning and is able to effectively solve the assigned tasks.

The day of the specialist in electronic warfare is celebrated in our country annually on April 15.
This professional holiday was established by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 549 of May 31, 2006 "On the establishment of professional holidays and memorable days in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation."
On April 15, 1904, two Japanese armored cruisers, the Nisshin and Kasuga, went out to carry out the "third throw-over fire" at the forts and the inner road of the Port Arthur fortress. "Flip-over" was called shooting with steep trajectories of projectiles at targets located somewhere behind mountainous terrain, in the absence of direct visibility. Acting Commander of the Pacific Fleet Rear Admiral P.P. Ukhtomsky reported: “At 9:11 a.m., the enemy armored cruisers Nissin and Kasuga, maneuvering south-south-west from the Lyaoteshan lighthouse, began throwing fire at the forts and the inner road.
From the very beginning of the shooting, two enemy cruisers, having chosen positions against the passage of the Cape Liaoteshan, outside the shots of the fortress, began to telegraph, why immediately the battleship Pobeda and the Golden Mountain station began to interrupt enemy telegrams with a big spark, believing that these cruisers were informing the firing battleships about their projectile hit. The enemy fired more than 60 large-caliber shells. There were no court cases." The effectiveness of organized interference was also confirmed by the Japanese themselves: “Since communication by wireless telegraph with our observing ships was interrupted by the enemy’s observation station located on the southeast coast from the entrance, it was difficult to correct the shooting, and the shells did not hit accurately enough.” Only a year has passed, and the first people awarded for success in this branch of military affairs have already begun to appear: the radiotelegraph operator of the destroyer Siberian Strelok, conductor Sinitsa, was awarded the St. The tasks of electronic warfare at that time were solved quite simply because the radio stations used in both the Russian and Japanese fleets were approximately the same type - both in principle of operation and in construction: with spark transmitters, sometimes even from the same manufacturers. This opened up the opportunity to "hammer" messages with a "big spark" - a more powerful signal from your transmitter.
In modern conditions, electronic warfare is of strategic importance for military operations Since then, electronic warfare (EW) has come a very long and difficult path, starting from isolated cases of radio interference and up to supporting military operations on a larger scale. Who could have imagined that over the past hundred years, this secondary, in general, product of radio engineering from the "ugly duckling" will turn into a sparkling white bird that has concentrated all modern technologies for conducting operations - the collection and storage of military information, including target designation, dropping information into space , on duty spacecraft; the use of homing objects of increased guidance accuracy, carrying out selective destruction of targets; techniques for creating active and passive interference

general characteristics

The units of the electronic warfare troops carry out measures to gain dominance on the air, protect their strategic command and control systems of troops and weapons from deliberate interference by the enemy, as well as disrupt the operation of the strategic command and control systems of the enemy, reduce the effectiveness of the use of its combat means by spreading electronic interference.

Story

The first attempt in world history to conduct electronic warfare (EW) was successfully undertaken during the war with Japan by Vice Admiral S. O. Makarov, commander of the Pacific Squadron, on April 15, 1904. Then it was possible to disorganize the fire control channels of the artillery of Japanese ships with radio interference and successfully repel an enemy strike. During the First World War, radio interference was used to disrupt communications between army, corps and division headquarters, as well as between warships. To create interference, conventional radio communications were used, and only in the German army did special radio interference stations exist.

During the Second World War, electronic warfare was conducted not episodically, but continuously, while specially developed means of electronic suppression and protection of electronic equipment (RES) were used.

In the second half of the 20th century, the rapid development of electronic warfare was observed. One of the main tasks is the electronic suppression of means and systems of radio communication, radio navigation and radar of the enemy, including on-board radar systems of combat aircraft and ships that have weapons with radar homing heads. At the same time, there was a need to protect their RES from electronic suppression of the enemy and mutual radio interference. In this regard, the formation of radio countermeasure services in the USSR Armed Forces and the creation of special means of jamming enemy radio communications for them began.

The first means of radio countermeasures (dipole and corner radio reflectors, training jamming transmitters) of industrial production enter the troops by 1950. At the same time, a special electronic warfare service was created in the Soviet army.

On August 30, 1989, the Minister of Defense of the USSR, by his order, creates the Center for Integrated Technical Control of the General Staff with a location in Moscow on the basis of the Integrated Technical Control Unit (CTK) and a special laboratory of the General Staff. The Center created a multi-position automated receiving-direction-finding network in the Moscow zone.

In the early and mid-1990s, the Electronic Warfare Directorate of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces was faced with the need not only to ensure the functioning of existing and the development of new RES, but also to establish interaction with the radio frequency authorities of the post-Soviet states, to agree on coordination of the use of the radio frequency spectrum with NATO and Western countries. Europe, to determine a new procedure for the use of the radio frequency spectrum of RES for various purposes.

Structure

The EW forces are based on ground, aviation and EW units that are part of associations and formations of branches of the Armed Forces and combat arms. Electronic warfare equipment is combined into an electronic warfare weapon system - a set of electronic warfare equipment of electronic warfare units and subunits, as well as on-board electronic warfare equipment designed for individual protection of weapons and military equipment (missile systems, combat aircraft, helicopters, ships,

The modern army is saturated with technologies that give a tactical advantage in conflicts. An example of these are the means of communication and their suppression, through jamming or physical destruction. In Russia, specialists in this military direction have their own professional holiday.

The content of the article

When they celebrate

Electronic Warfare Specialist Day is celebrated on April 15. The holiday is not a day off. It was established by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 549 dated May 31, 2006 "On the establishment of professional holidays and memorable days in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation." The document was signed by President V. Putin.

Who is celebrating

All employees of the electronic warfare troops (EW) of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, regardless of their position, rank, length of service, are related to the celebrations. The holiday is considered by support staff, cadets, teachers of specialized higher educational institutions, soldiers and officers who have ever been in the ranks of these units. The events are attended by engineers and developers of communication products and its suppression, their relatives, friends, relatives and close people.

History and traditions of the holiday

The day of the electronic warfare specialist of the Russian Federation originates on May 3, 1999, with the publication of the Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation No. 183. In it, April 15 was defined as the date of honoring the specialists of this type of troops. Their importance in the defense of the country, their responsible role in achieving strategic goals was emphasized by Defense Minister I. Sergeev, who signed the document. After 7 years, the president added the event to the list of memorable days in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

By tradition, fellow officers gather at the festive table, toasts are made, congratulations, wishes of health, peace and success in a responsible profession are heard to the clink of glasses. Events continue with family, friends and loved ones. Here they share plans for the future, discuss innovations, tell stories from everyday work.

The command awards employees with diplomas, medals, and orders. Acknowledgments are made in personal files. Electronic Warfare Specialist Day 2020 in Russia is accompanied by promotions in ranks and positions for outstanding achievements. The so-called washing of the stars is being carried out, which will soon appear on shoulder straps. On the air of radio stations and television, according to tradition, the holiday is mentioned, stories about the profession, the history of the formation of the military branch are broadcast.

About the profession

Specialists in electronic warfare are engaged in the development and application of measures to prevent the use of communications by the enemy, determining their coordinates, and conducting reconnaissance operations through information communication channels. They place sources of interference, identify the location of transmitters, and use their own forces or attached units to destroy enemy equipment.

The path to the profession begins with fixed-term or contract service, as well as education in higher military educational institutions. Officers and soldiers study materiel in service, acquire theoretical knowledge about them and practical handling skills.

The range of tasks performed is so wide that units are always used as part of other branches of the army. Employees belong to the Ground Forces of the Russian Federation and may be among separate brigades, regiments, battalions of electronic warfare. Before being admitted to equipment, officers must pass certification, and soldiers must be trained in a special center. It presents training samples used in land, sea and aviation units.

EW RF Armed Forces. Dossier

Every year on April 15, the Armed Forces (AF) of the Russian Federation celebrate the Day of the Electronic Warfare Specialist - a professional holiday established by decree of the President of Russia Vladimir Putin dated May 31, 2006. Originally celebrated in accordance with the order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation Igor Sergeyev dated May 3, 1999.

History of EW Troops

The history of the formation of the electronic warfare troops (EW) in the Russian army is counted from April 15 (April 2, O.S.), 1904. On this day, during the Russo-Japanese War, signalmen from the Pobeda squadron battleship and the naval telegraph station on Zolotoy Gora managed to , putting radio interference, to disrupt the shelling by the Japanese armored cruisers "Nissin" and "Kasuga" of the Russian squadron and the fortress of Port Arthur, corrected by radio.

Since both sides used the same type of spark transmitters, the enemy’s message could be “hammered with a big spark” - more powerful signals from the device. This incident was the first step in world military history from organizing radio intelligence to conducting electronic warfare in combat operations. In the future, electronic warfare equipment was actively improved, and the practice of their use expanded significantly.

On December 16, 1942, by a resolution of the State Defense Committee signed by Commander-in-Chief Joseph Stalin, as part of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff (GSh) of the Red Army, a Department was formed to manage the work of interfering radio stations and the task was set to form three radio divisions with means for "driving" enemy radio stations - the first units of electronic warfare in the army of the USSR.

On November 4, 1953, the apparatus of the assistant chief of the General Staff for electronic intelligence and interference was created. In the future, it was repeatedly reorganized and changed names (the 9th department of the General Staff, the Electronic Countermeasures Service of the General Staff, the 5th Directorate of the General Staff, the EW Directorate of the Main Directorate of ACS and EW of the General Staff, etc.).

Current state

The range of modern tasks of the EW troops includes electronic reconnaissance and the destruction of electronic means of enemy command and control systems, as well as monitoring the effectiveness of measures taken to electronically protect their forces and means.

In the course of the large-scale reform of the RF Armed Forces, which started in 2008, a vertically integrated electronic warfare system was formed, which is generally managed by the Office of the Chief of the EW Troops of the RF Armed Forces. Ground and aviation units and electronic warfare units are part of the Special Forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

In the Ground Forces, separate EW brigades of four battalions have been formed in all four military districts. The brigades are armed with Leer-2 and Leer-3 complexes with Orlan-10 drones, which allow reconnaissance and suppression of tactical radio communications and cellular communications. The electronic warfare unit is also part of a separate motorized rifle arctic brigade as part of the North Joint Strategic Command.

There are separate EW companies in each of the reformed motorized rifle tank brigades and divisions, as well as in most brigades and divisions of the Airborne Forces (VDV). By 2017, EW companies will receive all airborne units, and by 2020 they are planned to be re-equipped with new equipment.

In the Naval Forces (Navy), ground EW forces are integrated into separate EW centers in all four fleets. In the Aerospace Forces (VKS), separate EW battalions are part of the Air Force and Air Defense armies.

Technical equipment

Electronic warfare equipment for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is being developed by JSC Concern Radioelectronic Technologies (JSC KRET), which in 2009-2012. united Russian defense enterprises producing military radio electronics. In 2010-2013 state tests of 18 new types of electronic warfare equipment were successfully completed.

Since 2015, new technical means of radio suppression of communications, radar and navigation, protection against high-precision weapons, control and support systems have been supplied to the arsenal of electronic warfare units: the Krasukha-2O, Murmansk-BN, Borisoglebsk-2, Krasukha complexes - C4", "Light-KU", "Infauna", "Judoka", etc.

The troops are supplied with Mi-8MTPR-1 helicopters equipped with Rychag-AV electronic warfare systems (such machines, in particular, can protect military transport aircraft). The Vitebsk electronic warfare systems are equipped with Su-25SM attack aircraft modernized for the needs of the Russian Aerospace Forces, and individual elements of the complex are installed on Ka-52, Mi-28, Mi-8MT, Mi-26 and Mi-26T2 helicopters.

The Khibiny electronic countermeasures complex is being installed on the Su-34 front-line bomber. Project 20380 corvettes, which are currently replenishing the composition of the Russian Navy, carry the TK-25-2 and PK-10 Smely electronic warfare systems, and the TK-28 and Prosvet-M complexes are being installed on project 22350 frigates under construction.

The current state armaments program provides for bringing the level of provision of EW troops with promising equipment by 2020 to the level of 70%.

Share of the latest electronic warfare technology

The share of modern equipment in the electronic warfare troops in 2016 was 46%. In accordance with the plans for equipping electronic warfare units under the state defense order, about 300 basic models of equipment and more than 1,000 small-sized equipment were delivered to the troops.

The measures taken made it possible to re-equip 45% of military units and electronic warfare units with modern complexes, such as Murmansk-BN, Krasukha, Borisoglebsk-2 and others.

These are almost all groups of electronic warfare equipment: radio suppression equipment, radar and radio navigation, protection against WTO, control and support equipment. Considerable attention is paid to the development of electronic warfare technology against unmanned aerial vehicles.

Educational establishments

Training of officers for the EW troops of the Russian Armed Forces is conducted by the Air Force Academy named after Professor N. E. Zhukovsky and Yu. A. Gagarin in Voronezh, junior EW specialists for all types and branches of the RF Armed Forces are trained at the Interspecific Training Center and combat use of EW troops in Tambov.

On the basis of the center, in 2015, a scientific company was created, in which graduates of the country's leading specialized universities are doing military service, combining it with research on the topic of electronic warfare. In 2016, a new Itog integrated training simulator complex will be equipped on the territory of the Interspecies Center.

Management

Chief of the EW Troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - Major General Yuri Lastochkin (since August 2014).

EW aviation systems

According to the ex-head of the EW service of the Air Force, now adviser to the first deputy general director of the Concern "Radioelectronic Technologies" (KRET) Vladimir Mikheev, the survivability of aircraft with modern EW systems increases by 20-25 times.

If earlier active jamming stations (SAP) were installed on aircraft, today all aircraft are equipped with airborne defense systems (ABS). Their main difference from the SAP is that the ACS is fully integrated and interfaced with all the avionics of an aircraft, helicopter or drone.

Defense complexes exchange with on-board computers all the necessary information:

About flight, combat missions,
about the purposes and routes of flight of the protected object,
about the capabilities of their weapons,
about the real radio-electronic situation on the air,
about potential threats.

In the event of any danger, they can adjust the route so that the protected object does not enter the fire impact zone, ensuring electronic destruction (suppression) of the most dangerous air defense and enemy aircraft, while simultaneously increasing the combat effectiveness of their weapons.

"Vitebsk"

Complex "Vitebsk"

One of the most effective airborne defense systems. It is designed to protect aircraft and helicopters from anti-aircraft missiles with radar and optical (thermal) guidance heads.

"Vitebsk" is installed on:

Modernized attack aircraft Su-25SM,
attack helicopters Ka-52, Mi-28N,
transport and combat helicopters of the Mi-8 family,
heavy transport helicopters Mi-26 and Mi-26T2,
special and civil aircraft and helicopters of domestic production.

The new modification of "Vitebsk", which is just beginning to enter the troops, will be installed on board aircraft and helicopters of transport aviation.

It is planned to equip the Il-76, Il-78, An-72, An-124, which are already in service with the Aerospace Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as the promising Il-112V transport aircraft, with this system.

The implementation of this program will make it possible to significantly increase the combat stability of transport aviation of the Russian Aerospace Forces in a short time.

The Vitebsk complex is already being equipped with Ka-52 and Mi-28 attack helicopters, Su-25 attack aircraft, Mi-8MTV and Mi-8AMTSh transport and combat helicopters. It is designed to protect aircraft from enemy anti-aircraft missiles with infrared, radar or combined homing heads. This system allows you to track the launch of a missile within a radius of several hundred kilometers from the aircraft and "steer" the missile away from the target.

In the future, Vitebsk will receive military transport aircraft of the Il-76MD-90A type.

IL-76. Photo: Anton Novoderezhkin / TASS

There is also an export version of the complex called "President-S", which is very popular in the foreign market and is supplied to a number of countries that operate Russian aviation equipment.

The airborne defense complex "President-S" is designed for individual protection of military and civil aircraft and helicopters from being hit by air and anti-aircraft missile systems, as well as anti-aircraft artillery air defense systems of the enemy, land-based and sea-based. "President-S", in particular, is installed on the Ka-52, Mi-28 and Mi-26 helicopters.

The complex is able to detect the threat of an attack by enemy fighters, anti-aircraft missiles and artillery systems against the protected aircraft. It can destroy and suppress the optical homing heads of aircraft and anti-aircraft guided missiles, including the homing heads of man-portable anti-aircraft missile systems.

"Lever-AV"

Electronic warfare complex "Rychag-AV". Photo: KRET.

According to the Deputy General Director of the Kazan Optical and Mechanical Plant, which produces this equipment, Alexei Panin, the supply of the basic version of the modernized Rychag-AV electronic warfare systems (EW) on the Mi-8MTPR-1 helicopter will be provided in the near future.

Currently, the concern "Radioelectronic Technologies" is completing development work on this product.

It is planned to manufacture new electronic warfare systems on the chassis of KamAZ trucks.

Earlier, the Russian military received ahead of schedule three EW Mi-8MTPR-1 helicopters, the equipment of which makes it possible to protect groups of aircraft, ships and ground equipment from air attacks within a radius of several hundred kilometers, suppressing several targets at once.

"Rychag-AV" actually provides electronic suppression of the guidance system for enemy aircraft and ground targets, that is, it can "blind" them.

In the conditions of interference from the Rychag system, anti-aircraft missile systems, as well as enemy interception aircraft systems, are deprived of the ability to detect any targets and direct guided missiles of the air-to-air, ground-to-air and air-to-ground classes at them, with As a result, the survivability and combat effectiveness of their aircraft are significantly increased.

The carrier of this complex is the most massive Russian Mi-8 helicopter.

A specialized helicopter is a jammer whose main task is to provide electronic countermeasures and create a false environment to cover their aircraft or helicopters, as well as protect the most important ground targets.

"Khibiny"

In 2013, the Khibiny electronic countermeasures complex, designed to protect aircraft from air defense systems, entered service with the RF Armed Forces.

The Khibiny complex differs from the stations of the previous generation by increased power and intelligence. It is able to help control the aircraft's weapons, create a false electronic environment, and also ensure a breakthrough in the enemy's layered air defense.

This happened to the American destroyer Donald Cook in 2014, when the Su-24 aircraft was taken for escort by naval air defense systems.

Then information appeared on the ship's radars that put the crew in a dead end. The plane either disappeared from the screens, then unexpectedly changed its location and speed, then created electronic clones of additional targets. At the same time, the destroyer's information and combat weapon control systems were practically blocked. Given that the ship was located 12,000 km from US territory in the Black Sea, it is easy to imagine the feelings experienced by the sailors on this ship.

Now a new complex "Khibiny-U" for front-line aircraft, in particular the Su-30SM, is under development.

"Himalayas"

This complex is a further development of the Khibiny, it is “sharpened” for the fifth generation T-50 aircraft (PAK FA).

Fighter T-50. Photo: Sergey Bobylev / TASS

Its main difference from its predecessor is that the Khibiny is a kind of container that is suspended on the wing, occupying a certain suspension point, while the Himalayas are fully integrated into the board and are made as separate elements of the aircraft fuselage.

The antenna systems of the complex are built on the principle of "smart plating" and allow you to perform several functions at once: reconnaissance, electronic warfare, location, etc. The complex will be able to put active and passive interference to infrared homing heads of modern missiles, as well as modern and advanced radar stations.

The characteristics of this complex are still classified, since the T-50 aircraft is the latest fifth-generation fighter and has not yet been adopted by the Russian Aerospace Forces.

Su-34 equipped with electronic warfare

The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation received in 2016 several complexes that make it possible to make an electronic warfare aircraft (EW) out of the Su-34 bomber.

This complex allows the aircraft to protect not only itself, but the entire system. Thanks to these complexes, the survivability of aircraft is increased by 20-25%.

Fighter-bomber Su-34. Photo: KRET.

Ground-based electronic warfare systems

Modern ground-based electronic warfare systems operate in the digital signal processing mode, which helps to significantly increase their efficiency.

Digital technology has a large electronic memory library and reports to the operator the types of enemy equipment, and also offers him the most effective jamming signals and optimal algorithms for possible countermeasures.

Previously, the operator of the EW station had to independently determine the type of the tracked object from the characteristics of the reconnaissance signal and select the type of interference for it.

"Krasukha-S4"

This complex has absorbed all the best of the electronic warfare equipment of previous generations. In particular, Krasuha inherited a unique antenna system from its predecessor, the SPN-30 jamming station.

Another advantage of the new system is the almost complete automation. If earlier the system was controlled manually, then in Krasukha-4 the principle is implemented: “do not touch the equipment, and it will not let you down”, that is, the role of the operator is reduced to the role of an observer, and the main mode of operation is centralized automated control.

Complex "Krasukha-C4". Photo: Rostec State Corporation.

The main purpose of Krasukha-S4 is to cover command posts, groupings of troops, air defense systems, important industrial facilities from aerial radar reconnaissance and high-precision weapons.

The capabilities of the complex's broadband active jamming station make it possible to effectively deal with all modern radar stations used by various types of aircraft, as well as cruise missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles.

"Krasukha-20"

This version of "Krasukha" is designed for electronic countermeasures of American early warning and control systems (AWACS) AWACS.

AWACS is the most powerful reconnaissance and control aircraft with a whole crew on board. In order to "dazzle" this plane, you need a lot of energy. So, the power and intelligence of the second "Krasukha" is enough to compete with this aircraft.

The entire complex is deployed within a few minutes, without human intervention, and after deployment, it is able to “turn off” AWACS at a distance of several hundred kilometers.

"Moscow-1"

Complex "Moscow-1". Photo by KRET.

The complex is designed to conduct electronic reconnaissance (passive radar), interact and exchange information with the command posts of the anti-aircraft missile and radio engineering troops, aviation guidance points, issue target designation and control interference units and individual means of electronic suppression.

The structure of "Moscow-1" includes a reconnaissance module and a control center for interference units (stations).

The complex is capable of:

Carry radio and electronic intelligence at a distance of up to 400 km,
classify all radio-emitting means according to the degree of danger,
provide road support
ensure target distribution and display of all information,
provide reverse control of the efficiency of the units and individual electronic warfare assets that he manages.

The “debut” of the Moskva complexes took place in March 2016 as part of the joint tactical exercises of the air defense and aviation forces in the Astrakhan region.

EW "Mercury-BM". Photo: Press Service of the Rostec State Corporation.

The state defense order for the Moscow-1 and Rtut-BM electronic warfare systems was completed ahead of schedule. In 2015, the Russian army received nine Moscow-1 electronic warfare systems.

"Infauna"

The complex, developed by the United Instrument-Making Corporation (OPC), provides radio reconnaissance and radio suppression, protection of manpower, armored and automotive vehicles from aimed fire from melee weapons and grenade launchers, as well as from radio-controlled mine-explosive devices.

Broadband radio reconnaissance equipment significantly increases the radius of protection of covered mobile objects from radio-controlled mines. The ability to install aerosol curtains allows you to hide equipment from high-precision weapons with video and laser guidance systems.

Currently, these complexes on a unified wheeled chassis K1Sh1 (BTR-80 base) are mass-produced and supplied to various units of the Armed Forces.

"Borisoglebsk-2"

Complex "Borisoglebsk-2". Photo: Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

This electronic countermeasures complex (REW), also developed by the OPK, forms the technical basis of the electronic warfare units of tactical formations.

Designed for radio reconnaissance and radio jamming of HF, VHF ground and aviation radio communications, subscriber terminals for cellular and trunk communications in tactical and operational-tactical control levels.

The basis of the complex consists of three types of jamming stations and a control center located on MT-LBu armored personnel carriers, a traditional tracked base for ground-based electronic warfare systems. Each complex includes up to nine units of mobile equipment.

The complex implemented fundamentally new technical solutions for the construction of radio intelligence and automated control systems. In particular, broadband energetically and structurally secretive signals are used, which provide noise-proof and high-speed data transmission.

The range of reconnaissance and suppressed frequencies has been more than doubled compared to previously supplied jamming stations, and the frequency detection rate has been increased by more than 100 times.

Marine electronic warfare systems

These complexes are designed to protect ships of various classes from reconnaissance and fire damage. Their peculiarity lies in the fact that for each ship, depending on its type, displacement, as well as the tasks it solves, there is a special set of electronic warfare equipment.

The composition of ship complexes includes:

Radio and electronic intelligence stations,
active and passive means of electronic warfare,
automata that provide ship camouflage in various physical fields,
devices for shooting false targets, etc.

All these systems are integrated with the ship's fire and information assets to increase the survivability and combat effectiveness of the ship.

TK-25E and MP-405E

They are the main ship-based electronic warfare systems. They provide protection against the use of radio-controlled air and ship-based weapons by creating active and passive interference.

TK-25E ensures the creation of impulse misinformation and imitation interference using digital copies of signals for ships of all main classes. The complex is capable of simultaneously analyzing up to 256 targets and providing effective protection for the ship.

MP-405E- for equipping ships of small displacement.

It is able to prevent detection, analyze, and classify the types of emitting electronic means and their carriers according to the degree of danger, as well as provide electronic suppression of all modern and promising means of reconnaissance and destruction of the enemy.

Russian electronic warfare equipment surpasses Western counterparts

Photo: Donat Sorokin/TASS

Russian electronic warfare equipment is superior to Western counterparts in a number of characteristics, including range.

The main advantages of domestic electronic warfare equipment over foreign analogues include its greater range, which is achieved through the use of more powerful transmitters and more efficient antenna systems.

Russian electronic warfare equipment has advantages in terms of the number of targets that are affected, the possibility of its more effective combat use due to the implementation of a flexible control structure, both for electronic warfare systems and for individual models of equipment that operate autonomously and as part of conjugated pairs.

The material was prepared on the basis of open sources of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation,
Rostec State Corporation, Radioelectronic Technologies Concern and TASS.

Overall rating of the material: 5

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