Magazines in the USSR (29 photos). Favorite magazines of the Soviet Union

In April 1944, two months after the liberation of Leningrad from the blockade, the first House of Fashion Models in the Soviet Union (LDMO, later the Nevsky Prospekt Fashion House) was opened on Nevsky Prospekt. It is located in house number 21, built in 1911-12. according to the project of the architect M.S. Lyalevich for the store of the firm of furs and fur products F.L. Mertens.

Fashion designers and craftsmen of the LDMO created patterns and pilot samples of clothing, including accessories for Soviet clothing factories. The collections of the House of Models were shown not only in the Soviet Union, but also abroad.

In 2000, the historical name "Mertens Fashion House" was returned to the building.

Demonstration of a coat and an evening dress. 1968 Photo chronicle TASS / P. Fedotov

Spring combined suits made of new woolen fabrics. 1968 Photo chronicle TASS / P. Fedotov

Spring sets from woolen fabrics. 1978 TASS newsreel/Yuri Belinsky

Demonstration of a raincoat with zippers and a dress with a bright tie. 1968 Photo chronicle TASS/P. Fedotov

Demonstration of a trouser suit with a bright scarf. 1970. Photo chronicle TASS / P. Fedotov

Demonstration of a tweed suit with an elongated skirt and a short waist-length jacket. 1970 Photo chronicle TASS/P. Fedotov

Demonstration of a light nylon dress with a fashionable pattern, complemented by a light chiffon scarf. 1970 Photo chronicle TASS/P. Fedotov

Demonstration of a sundress in the spirit of ancient clothes (right) and summer attire for relaxation. 1970 Photo chronicle TASS/P. Fedotov

Demonstration of cropped coats complete with dress and suit. 1968 Photo chronicle TASS/P. Fedotov

Demonstration of an ensemble consisting of "Golf" trousers and a cape. 1971 Photo chronicle TASS/P. Fedotov

Leningrad House of Models. Demonstration of a summer suit with a white panama. 1970 Photo chronicle TASS/P. Fedotov

The catalog of Soviet periodicals was a rather weighty folio, where, in addition to about 8 thousand newspapers, subscription indices were indicated for several hundred magazines - both all-Union and republican.

At the end of each year, a very responsible process began in Soviet families - the registration of an annual subscription to Soviet periodicals. Parents subscribed to their newspapers and magazines, and for the children they always subscribed to children's periodicals, especially the children were happy with the fresh issues of children's magazines in the mailboxes. The color magazine "Murzilka", smelling of fresh printing ink, concealed a whole world under its cover! Reading the magazine began right there, at the mailbox.

Funny pictures

"Vesyolyye Kartinki" is a children's humorous magazine designed for children from 4 to 10 years old. It was published monthly from September 1956. Along with Murzilka, it was the most popular children's magazine in the USSR in the 1960s and 80s. In the early 1980s, its circulation reached 9.5 million copies.

The magazine includes poems and stories, board games, comics, puzzles, jokes, riddles. He organizes the leisure of the whole family, because parents read to small children, and older children need the approval of adults, whether the task from the magazine is well done, whether the riddle is correctly guessed.

The name of the magazine was chosen based on the fact that funny and funny pictures, accompanied by short witty captions, always appeal to young children. Historically, "Funny Pictures" came out of "Crocodile" - the founding father and first editor of the magazine was "Crocodile" cartoonist Ivan Semenov. He also drew the main character - Pencil, which became the symbol of the magazine. The pencil is an artist, his whole appearance speaks of this: a loose blouse, a beret, a red bow around his neck and a red stylus instead of a nose. He is the inspirer of a group of funny little men, he and his friends, Samodelkin, Pinocchio, Chipollino, Dunno, are the constant heroes of "Funny Pictures". About them - the first Soviet comics. The regular headings of the magazine were also associated with them. At the School of Pencil, children were taught to draw, at the School of Samodelkin they were taught to make toys with their own hands, at the Merry ABC they were introduced to letters.

In 1977, in the magazine "Funny Pictures" one era ends and a new one begins. Chukovsky, Barto, Mikhalkov, Suteev are being replaced by “young and arrogant” ones: editor-in-chief Ruben Varshamov, and with him nonconformist artists Viktor Pivovarov, Ilya Kabakov, Eduard Grokhovsky, Alexander Mitta and “new children”: Eduard Uspensky, Andrey Usachev, Eugene Milutka.

In 1979, the artist Viktor Pivovarov created a new logo for the favorite children's magazine "Funny Pictures". From now on, the magazine has its own logo: little letters that form the name of the magazine.

"Funny Pictures" was the only publication in the USSR that was never censored. In particular, the pages of the magazine did not publish notices, obligatory for the press, about the change of leaders of the Soviet state. When L. I. Brezhnev died and a directive appeared to publish his portrait in a mourning frame on the cover of all publications, the editors of Vesyolyye Kartinki managed to prove that against the background of the magazine's name it would look extremely inappropriate.

Murzilka

Murzilka is a popular monthly literary and art magazine for children. Until 1991, he was the press organ of the Komsomol Central Committee and the Central Council of the All-Union Pioneer Organization.

Murzilka is a small forest man who existed in popular books for children at the end of the 19th century. It was invented by the Canadian writer and artist Palmer Cox, who described the brownie dwarf people, related to brownies. At first it was a little man in a tailcoat, with a cane and a monocle. Then Murzilka became an ordinary little dog helping everyone who is in trouble.

On May 16, 1924, the first issue of the Murzilka magazine was published in the USSR. Murzilka was a small white dog and appeared with his master, the boy Petya. In 1937, the artist Aminadav Kanevsky created the image of the correspondent puppy Murzilka, which became famous in the USSR - a yellow fluffy character in a red beret, with a scarf and a camera over his shoulder. Subsequently, the character evolved into a boy correspondent, whose adventures were also devoted to several cartoons.

Writers such as Samuil Marshak, Sergei Mikhalkov, Boris Zakhoder, Agniya Barto and Nikolai Nosov began their careers in the magazine. In 1977-1983, the magazine published a detective-mysterious story about Yabeda-Koryabeda and her agents, and in 1979 - science fiction dreams "Traveling there and back" (author and artist - A. Semyonov).

In 2011, the magazine was listed in the Guinness Book of Records. It was recognized as the longest-running children's publication.

Pioneer

Pioneer is a monthly literary, artistic and socio-political magazine of the Komsomol Central Committee and the Central Council of the All-Union Pioneer Organization for pioneers and schoolchildren.

The first issue was published on March 15, 1924 and was dedicated to V. I. Lenin. It is considered a bibliographic rarity, since the author of the essay on Lenin was Leon Trotsky, and the published copies were subsequently destroyed.

N. K. Krupskaya, M. I. Kalinin, Em. M. Yaroslavsky, writers S. Ya. Marshak, A. P. Gaidar, L. A. Kassil, B. S. Zhitkov, K. G. Paustovsky, R. I. Fraerman, V. A. Kaverin, A. L Barto, Vitaly Bianki, S. V. Mikhalkov, Yuri Sotnik, V. P. Krapivin, Yu. Kozlov, E. Uspensky and others.

"Pioneer" had permanent sections of school and pioneer life, journalism, science and technology, art, sports, children's art. The magazine organized the work of Timur's teams and detachments. He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1974). Circulation in 1975 was over 1.5 million copies. The maximum circulation - 1,860,000 copies - was reached in 1986.

The journal has been published to date (in a small circulation - 1500 copies in March 2015).

Junior Technician

"Young Technician" is a monthly children's and youth magazine about science and technology.

Founded in Moscow in 1956 as an illustrated scientific and technical journal of the Komsomol Central Committee and the Central Council of the All-Union Pioneer Organization for pioneers and schoolchildren.

In a popular form, it conveys to the reader (primarily a schoolchild) the achievements of domestic and foreign science, technology, and production. Encourages scientific and technical creativity, promotes professional orientation of schoolchildren. He regularly publishes works by famous science fiction writers - Kir Bulychev, Robert Silverberg, Ilya Varshavsky, Arthur Clark, Philip K. Dick, Leonid Kudryavtsev and others.

Young naturalist

"Young Naturalist" is a monthly popular science magazine for schoolchildren about nature, natural history, biology and ecology. Founded in July 1928. From 1941 to 1956 it was not published. In some years, the circulation of the magazine reached almost 4 million copies.

The magazine acquaints children with the diversity of life of the animal and plant world, fosters love for nature, teaches them to take care of its riches, promotes the development of a materialistic understanding of natural phenomena in schoolchildren, and tells about the latest discoveries of biological science in a popular form. "Y. n." promotes the best practices of youth circles, student production teams, school forestries, etc., gives readers practical advice on caring for an aquarium - a corner "Behind the glass coast"; for young gardeners and vegetable growers - the section "Whether in the garden, in the garden", etc.

Among the stated goals of the publication is the education of the younger generation of love for the Motherland and nature, biology and ecology. You can send your drawings, poems to the magazine. There was a competition for young naturalists.

V. V. Bianki, M. M. Prishvin, K. G. Paustovsky, V. P. Astafiev, V. A. Soloukhin, I. I. Akimushkin, V. V. Chaplin and other writers published their articles in the journal, I. V. Michurin, K. A. Timiryazev, V. A. Obruchev, V. K. Rakhilin and other scientists and popularizers of science.

peer

"Rovesnik" is a youth magazine published since July 1962. The main audience is young people from 14 to 28 years old. It became a real breakthrough for publishing in the Soviet Union. It was the first magazine aimed exclusively at young people. In addition, it was in it that for the first time they touched on previously inaccessible topics: rock music, the life of Western youth, and others. The magazine also published reviews of recent films and music albums. Needless to say, the magazine was popular in Soviet times. Young people read the magazine "Rovesnik" to the holes, circulation reached millions of copies.

In the 1980s and 1990s, Rovesnik published the Rovesnik Rock Encyclopedia, practically the first experience of a rock encyclopedia in Russian. It was written by Sergey Kastalsky, and several articles of the encyclopedia were published in each issue, in alphabetical order. The entire Rock Encyclopedia by Kastalsky was published as a book in 1997. In total, it contains 1357 articles about rock music, 964 illustrations, 210 album reviews, 49 articles about musical styles, discographies, lyrics.

Currently, "Rovesnik" is a popular monthly magazine about music, show business, new movies, videos, education, recreation and entertainment, with a circulation of 30,000 copies.

Youth

"Yunost" is a literary and artistic illustrated magazine for youth. Published in Moscow since 1955. It was founded on the initiative of Valentin Kataev. Until 1991, the magazine was an organ of the Union of Writers of the USSR, later it became an independent publication.

"Youth" differed from other literary magazines in its great interest in social life and the world around it. There were permanent sections "Science and technology", "Sport", "Facts and searches". The magazine was one of the first to highlight the phenomenon of bard song (A. Gerber's article "On bards and minstrels"), and in the eighties - "Mitkov".

One list of editors and authors of the magazine "Youth" looks like a chronicle of Soviet literature of the 50s-90s: Akhmadulina, Voznesensky, Yevtushenko, Rozhdestvensky, Okudzhava, Iskander, Rubtsov, Gladilin, Gorin, Arkanov, Kir Bulychev, Rimma Kazakova, Olzhas Suleimenov, Boris Vasiliev, Aksenov, Voinovich, Kovaldzhi - you open the archive issue of Youth, and they are all here, still young and smiling from photographs. "Youth" has always remained a youth, and tried to keep up with the times.

"Youth" survived two ninth waves of popularity: in the 60s and in the late 80s. Then each issue became an event in the reader's private life.

There were also colored tabs dedicated to painting in Yunost, where such artists as Alexei Leonov, Ilya Glazunov, Mikhail Shemyakin, Vagrich Bakhchanyan and others performed among others. In the 1960s and 1970s, both the journal as a whole and individual authors were subjected to party criticism. In 1987, a permanent journalistic youth discussion section "Room 20" was opened, which quickly gained great popularity among readers.

One of the most characteristic features of "Youth" was a humorous section, which in 1956-1972 was called "Vacuum Cleaner", later - "Green Briefcase". The editors of the section at different times were Mark Rozovsky, Arkady Arkanov and Grigory Gorin, Viktor Slavkin and Mikhail Zadornov.

The emblem of "Youth" is a linocut of the same name by the Lithuanian graphic artist Stasys Krasauskas, which is one of the author's most famous works ("a round girl's face with wheat ears instead of hair." It is reproduced on the artist's tombstone.

Change

Smena is an illustrated popular humanitarian magazine with a strong literary tradition. Founded in 1924, it was the most popular youth magazine in the Soviet Union. By the end of the 1980s, the circulation of "Change" reached more than three million copies.

"Change" was founded by the decision of the Central Committee of the RKSM as a "two-week magazine of working youth." The covers of the first issues were designed by the famous Soviet artist, the founder of constructivism, Alexander Rodchenko. His bright, trendy covers immediately attracted a large readership. The poet Vladimir Mayakovsky, with an argument that brooks no objection, urged the youth audience on the pages of the first issues of the Smena magazine: “Be ready to change the old people, read the Smenu magazine.

Since its inception, the magazine has published premiere publications of books that later became bestsellers. It was in "Change" that the first stories of Mikhail Sholokhov and Alexander Green appeared, the poems of Vladimir Mayakovsky, Konstantin Paustovsky, Lev Kassil, Valentin Kataev published their first works. An excerpt from the new novel by Alexei Tolstoy "Peter I" and his fairy tale "The Adventures of Pinocchio" were printed. In 1975, the novel by the Weiner brothers, The Era of Mercy, appeared on the pages of Smena. Over the years, I. Babel, M. Zoshchenko, A. Gorky, A. Platonov collaborated with the Smena magazine. A. Fadeev, V. Astafiev, V. Bykov, Yu. Nagibin, Yu. Semenov, the Strugatsky brothers published on the pages of the Smena magazine.

From the moment of its foundation, the information and journalistic section has always performed mainly a propaganda role, but with the beginning of perestroika in the mid-80s, Albert Likhanov became the editor-in-chief, and Valery Vinokurov became the editor of the literature and art department, and the magazine revealed to young people previously taboo topics - the struggle with hypocrisy, bureaucracy, rock music, youth subcultures and other interesting information.

Radio

Radio is a massive monthly scientific and technical magazine dedicated to amateur radio, home electronics, audio / video, computers and telecommunications.

The first issue, entitled "Radio Amateur", was released on August 15, 1924 and came out every two weeks. In the middle of 1930 it was renamed into Radio Front. At the end of 1930, the editorial offices of the Radio Front and Radio Amateur magazines merged. In the future, the magazine was published under the name "Radiofront" until July 1941. The first post-war issue of the magazine was published in 1946 under the name "Radio".

The magazine has repeatedly published training cycles for beginners. The first cycle of articles "Step by Step", begun in May 1959, began with the basics of radio transmission and reception, and ended with the construction of a network tube superheterodyne broadcast receiver for DV and SV. In 1970, the magazine published a description of the legendary amateur radio transceiver Yuri Kudryavtsev (UW3DI) on vacuum tubes. Shortwaves replicated this design in thousands of copies.

In 1983, the magazine published a description and diagram of the first Soviet amateur radio computer "Micro-80". In 1986, the magazine published diagrams, descriptions and codes for the programs of the Radio 86RK amateur radio computer, which is much easier to assemble and set up than the Micro-80 and is software compatible with it. In 1990, the journal published a series of articles on the Orion-128 personal radio amateur computer, which was compatible with the RK-86, but had wider capabilities.

Technique-youth

"Technique for Youth" is a monthly popular science and literary and art magazine. Published since July 1933. In the first years of its existence, Technique-Youth was a purely technical publication, in which there was a fair amount of ideological material.

To attract subscribers of the Komsomol Central Committee, a large-scale campaign was carried out, as a result of which, already in 1935, some issues were published with a circulation of more than 150 thousand copies. At the same time, science fiction began to be published in the magazine, the best works of Soviet and foreign science fiction were published.

The journal became one of the few popular science publications published in the USSR during the war. The only break was made between October 1941 and March 1942.

The editors of the magazine organized more than 20 all-Russian and international competitions of cars of amateur designs. Using the materials of the magazine and with the participation of its authors, the program “You Can Do It” was broadcast on television. Under the leadership of the magazine, numerous circles and sections, clubs of young scuba divers and designers of self-made cars were created.

During its existence, the magazine has influenced several generations of Soviet citizens. He helped unleash the potential of inventors, innovators and innovators - many of them admitted that as teenagers they read every issue of Technique-Youth.

In addition, the magazine popularized many sports that are now common, such as hang gliding, skateboarding, skiing, etc.

The Tekhnika-Molodezhi magazine is one of the most popular publications in the USSR, with more than 900 issues in its archive, and a total circulation of more than a billion copies!

Model designer

"Modelist-Constructor" (until 1966 "Young Modeler-Constructor") is a monthly popular scientific and technical magazine.

The first issue of the magazine called "Young model designer" came out in August 1962 under the advice of famous aircraft designers A. Tupolev, S. Ilyushin, as well as cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. Until 1965, the magazine (more precisely, the almanac) was published irregularly, in total 13 issues were published. Since 1966, it has become a monthly subscription publication and changed its name to "Model Designer".

The magazine contributed to the development and dissemination of technical creativity among the population of the country, as well as the popularization of such sports and modeling as: karting, buggies, track modeling, amateur car building, amateur design of gliders and ultralight aircraft, velomobiles and single-engine equipment, small-scale mechanization for gardens and vegetable gardens.

Each issue of the journal publishes drawings and diagrams of a wide variety of designs - from household appliances to homemade microcars and amateur aircraft (in this regard, the journal is the only one in the country), as well as materials on the history of technology and the movement of amateur designers in the country and abroad. The authors of the magazine are both well-known inventors and designers, and just lovers of technology and craftsmen.

Science and life

"Science and Life" is a monthly popular science illustrated magazine of a wide profile. It was founded in 1890. The circulation of the magazine in the 1970s-1980s reached 3 million copies and was one of the highest in the USSR.

The chief editor of the journal "Science and Life" Bolshevik N.L. After the revolution, Meshcheryakov reorganized the once popular publication in Russia, choosing the "Marxist-Leninist" path in covering all materials. However, as in the pre-revolutionary edition, the updated journal "Science and Life" set its main task for the reader to popularize knowledge and communicate all outstanding scientific and practical news in the most popular form.

Soon the publication becomes very popular, both in the scientific community and among the common reader. Since 1938, the journal "Science and Life" has become the printed organ of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

The popularity of the journal "Science and Life" began to grow rapidly in the 60s, there was not enough paper to provide the huge circulation that the Soviet reader needed. By the mid-1960s, circulation had grown more than 20 times. I had to limit my subscription.

A wide range of interesting journalistic materials on various topics reflect the names of the sections themselves: "Science on the march", "Your free time", "Science and technology in brief", "Home affairs", "Entertainment is not without benefit". Scientific discoveries and technical achievements, stories and excerpts from the literary works of science fiction writers, near-scientific hypotheses and their refutations, leisure with do-it-yourself technology, puzzles - this is not the whole list of interesting materials on the pages of the Science and Life magazine.

Today, the journal Science and Life is published in print and electronic formats - to any of the reader's preferences.

Around the world

Vokrug sveta is the oldest Russian popular science and country studies magazine, published since December 1860. During its existence, it has changed several publishers. From January 1918 to January 1927 and from July 1941 to December 1945 the magazine was not published. The subjects of articles are geography, travelling, ethnography, biology, astronomy, medicine, culture, history, biographies, cookery.

Since 1961, the literary supplement "Seeker" has been published, in which adventure and fantasy works are published. Among the published authors are Ray Bradbury, Francis Karsak, Robert Sheckley, Isaac Asimov, Stanislav Lem, Arthur Clark, Robert Heinlein, Clifford Simak, Olga Larionova, Sinclair Lewis, Lazar Lagin, Kir Bulychev and other Soviet and foreign authors.

The tart smell of Soviet realities
And magazines read dust
We carefully forgot
That no one has forgotten yet
Maybe it was better back then.
If light sadness glimmers,
Live as before - borrowed until payday,
If it rains - say "so be it!"
Feeling cold on the skin
Sail where the wild wind carries ...
We just used to be younger
Here it is easier to look at everything.

Roman - newspaper

Roman-gazeta is a literary magazine published monthly since 1927 and twice a month since 1957. The idea of ​​organizing a literary magazine for proletarian writers came up with V. I. Lenin. Participated in the birth of this publication and M. Gorky. Roman-gazeta was published by the Moskovsky Rabochiy publishing house, and since 1931 by Goslitizdat (Khudozhestvennaya Literatura publishing house).

By July 1987 (on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the publication of the first issue of the magazine), 1066 issues of Roman-gazeta had been published with a total circulation of over 1 billion 300 million copies.

During this period, 528 authors appeared in Roman-gazeta, of which 434 were Soviet writers and 94 were foreign. Published 440 novels, 380 stories and 12 poems. The design of the magazine changed several times, there were at least 5 different types of cover. In 1989, the circulation of the magazine exceeded 3 million copies.

Health

Health magazine is a monthly magazine about human health and ways to preserve it. Published since January 1955. Initially, it was a body for the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, but later became a full-fledged popular science magazine. The magazine was popular in the USSR, publishing both articles "for the people" and serious materials, as well as materials for children. Constantly being in a creative search, the magazine continued to appear after the collapse of the USSR. Since 1995 the magazine has been published in Finland.

Twinkle

Ogonyok is a socio-political, literary and artistic illustrated weekly magazine. It was founded in 1899 in St. Petersburg. In 1918, the publication of the magazine ceased and was resumed through the efforts of Mikhail Koltsov in 1923. Until 1940, 36 issues a year were published; since 1940, the magazine has become a weekly. In 1974, the circulation was 2 million.

Photo reports are the favorite format of Ogonyok magazine. They have always occupied a large part of the pages of the publication.

The history of Ogonyok magazine is associated with the lives of many talented publicists and writers. Each period of leadership of the journal is marked by new interesting creative achievements. In the 1950s, the poet Alexei Surkov became the editor-in-chief of the Ogonyok magazine. It was he who proposed putting on the cover a vivid image of a Soviet citizen - a production leader, an astronaut, an athlete, an artist.

Since the 50s, the content of the Soviet magazine Ogonyok has become more and more interesting, there are detective stories with a sequel, insert reproductions with masterpieces of world art, and a lot of sections interesting to the reader.

From the 60s to the early 90s. The popularity of the Ogonyok magazine among readers increased. Not always the publication was in a free subscription, sometimes only through an enterprise. In those years, the magazine took an active social and political position.

In Soviet times, the works of famous Soviet writers Vladimir Mayakovsky, Alexei Tolstoy, Isaac Babel, Mikhail Zoshchenko, Ilya Ilf and Evgeny Petrov, Alexander Tvardovsky were published in a separate supplement to the Ogonyok magazine - Library.

With the collapse of the USSR, just a few years later, the Ogonyok magazine was “relegated” to the background among similar publications, unable to withstand the competition of the modern format.

Since 2005, the Ogonyok magazine has been published in a new format. The publication retained its corporate identity and logo, otherwise it is a magazine with a new design, different headings and a different readership.

Behind the wheel

Behind the Wheel is a popular magazine about cars and the automotive industry. Published since 1928. Until 1989, it was the only automotive periodical in the USSR designed for a wide range of readers.

The editors of the magazine "Behind the wheel" was formed by the famous Soviet publicist Mikhail Koltsov. Such celebrities as the poet Vladimir Mayakovsky and the artists Alexander Zakharov and Boris Efimov collaborated with the publication at various times.

Many generations of our motorists were brought up on the automobile magazine "Behind the wheel". All those who were fond of automotive history, technology, read this magazine from cover to cover. It was a problem to write it out and purchase it at the kiosk. Even when the circulation of "Behind the Wheel" in the USSR was more than 4 million, the magazine was not enough for everyone.

Over the years of its existence, the magazine "Behind the wheel" has become a real guide to the automotive world. The editors of the magazine "Behind the Rulem" selected such materials and photo publications that timely covered all the novelties of the domestic auto industry, as well as introduced them to the world achievements of the automotive industry.

In addition, if you set out to trace the entire history of the development and formation of domestic cars, you will not find a better and most detailed publication than "Behind the Wheel".

For motorists and professionals, materials were posted on how to become a good driver, mechanic, make independent repairs, and identify the cause of a breakdown. He covered the Soviet magazine "Behind the wheel" and the difficult fate of domestic roads, talked about international exhibitions, motor races, competitions.

Such a huge range of interesting materials in the journal has become a moment of a kind of authorial prestige. Many journalists in the USSR dreamed of working in the editorial office of the magazine Za Rulem.

Since the times of the USSR, the magazine Za Rulem has been the initiator of various competitions among motorists and professionals. One of the most famous - "Race of the Stars", has been held since 1978.

Currently, the Za Rulem publishing house publishes the magazine and newspaper Za Rulem and a number of publications on automotive topics.

Crocodile

Krokodil is a popular satirical magazine. It was founded in 1922 as a supplement to the Rabochaya Gazeta and was published simultaneously with a large number of other satirical magazines (for example, Zanoza, Searchlight, etc.).

The symbol of the publication is a drawing: a red crocodile with a pitchfork. The magazine was published three times a month. The circulation reached 6.5 million copies. At the end of the 1920s, an airplane was built with funds collected from the subscribers of the magazine and its employees.

After the closure of Rabochaya Gazeta in 1930, the publisher of Krokodil became the Pravda publishing house with its own printing plant, which was not directly involved in organizing political campaigns. In choosing the strategy of his satirical activity, "Crocodile" could act relatively independently. Thus, the journal opposed the RAPP and its leader L. L. Averbakh, in the fall of 1933 defiantly did not publish articles on the opening of the White Sea-Baltic Canal, tried to resist the fight against "pests", etc.

Writers M. M. Zoshchenko, I. A. Ilf, E. P. Petrov, V. P. Kataev, M. D. Volpin, A. S. Bukhov, V. E. Ardov, Emil Meek, M. A. Glushkov, artists M. M. Cheremnykh, Kukryniksy, Boris Efimov, K. P. Rotov. E. G. Bagritsky, Yu. K. Olesha, S. I. Kirsanov and others published periodicals.

Since 1934, Krokodil has been the most important official mouthpiece of politics at all levels of social and political life. The magazine published both satirical materials and illustrations of significant achievements of the USSR.

The satire of "Crocodile" was not limited to petty everyday topics - exposing bureaucrats, drunkards, bribe takers, hacks, dudes, as well as criticism of incompetent middle and lower managers, it also reflected key issues and central events of domestic and foreign policy, stretching from the denunciations of Leon Trotsky, spies and "enemies of the people" to the castigation of West German revanchism, US imperialism and its satellites, colonialism, NATO, and so on. Up until the start of perestroika, the magazine's satire remained rigid, with minimal exceptions.

In the corresponding historical periods, Krokodil adhered to the policy of combating "rootless cosmopolitans", etc. During the "Doctors' Plot", the magazine published extreme cartoons, much more vicious than similar materials from other Soviet periodicals. Filmmaker Mikhail Romm noted the exaggerated offensiveness of a number of racially explicit cartoons published in Krokodil between March 1949 and January 1953.

The film understudy of "Crocodile" was the magazine "Wick".

Due to the limitations of the printing press, Crocodile's printing was idiosyncratic until the 1980s. One side was printed in four colors (that is, it was full color), the second - in two (black and color).

Soviet Screen is an illustrated magazine published at various intervals from 1925 to 1998 (with a break in 1930-1957). In January-March 1925, the magazine was published under the name "Ekran Kinogazeta", in 1929-1930 - "Cinema and Life", in 1991-1997 - "Ekran". Until 1992, the magazine was an organ of the Union of Cinematographers of the USSR and Goskino of the USSR. The magazine published articles about domestic and foreign novelties of the movie screen, articles about the history of cinema, criticism, creative portraits of actors and cinematographers. In 1984, the circulation of the publication amounted to 1,900 thousand copies.

The publication of the magazine dates back to the time when cinema became the most popular art form in the early 20th century. V. I. Lenin himself noted that the propaganda effectiveness of cinema art is in its mass character.

At various times, the Soviet Screen magazine was published under the guidance of such eminent film critics, journalists, writers and screenwriters as Alexander Kurs, Dal, Orlov, Yuri Rybakov.

For the inhabitants of the USSR, cinema, as an entertainment factor, stood in the first place. All the famous "celestials" of the screen were known by name, and there were plenty of film idols in the USSR.

The magazine "Soviet Screen" was collected, stored for years, cut out photos of favorite actors and pasted over boring wallpaper over the bed, doors in the toilets, as well as cabs in truckers and conductors' compartments.

Reading interviews with favorites of the Soviet public on the pages of the Soviet Screen magazine, young schoolchildren dreamed of acting glory, and ordinary citizens learned with interest about the most humane and humane Soviet cinema art in the world, as well as about novelties of the foreign screen.

The publication could not recover from the economic crisis in the country in the late 90s, the magazine ceased to exist in 1998.

I met the first Soviet youth magazine Yunost in the first grade: it turned out that I read Nikolai Nosov's Dunno in the Sunny City in it.

From the very beginning of its publication, the magazine printed science fiction - the novel by G Martynov "Heavenly Guest" (1957) and the story by I Efremov "Heart of the Snake" (1959).

In 1960, I read A Kolpakov's story "The Blue Cepheid" there.

The next meeting with the magazine was Ya Golovanov's story "Blacksmiths of Thunder" (1964), but he began to read it constantly from 1966, when the Pioneer and Bonfire magazines ceased to outgrow.

Moreover, the first story of Pavel Bagryak from the cycle “Five Presidents” - “Who?” was printed there.

The next year there was a sequel - "Crossroads", and then "Revenge" (1968). In addition, I read in 1968 Aksenov's "Overstocked barrel" - a kind of "urban" fantasy.

And of course, in 1970, they read at the same time: ABS "Hotel at the deceased climber" and A Rybakov "Unknown Soldier".

Later, I constantly came across this magazine - I read detective stories there: A Leonov “Shot in the back” and “Agony”, Sapozhnikov and Stepanidin “Look for a wolf”, etc. Read from science fiction: Z Yuryev “Fast dreams” and “Black Yasha”, also E Yevtushenko "Ardabiola" (1981).

In the mid-1980s, I read K Bulychev's novel "Dungeon of the Witches" (1987), and then F Dick's novel "The Blurred" (1989), which disgusted me. Therefore, I read his next books without enthusiasm.

My second youth magazine was Young Guard. When, from 1965, he switched from children's literature, which he outgrew, he bought the first issue for youth in 1966, there were stories by K. Simak and Yu Semenov. The magazine interested me, but I read it discreetly: if I found out about significant publications. I read there Yu Semenov "17 Moments of Spring", and Efremov's "The Hour of the Bull" and "Thais of Athens".

But the magazine contained a lot of politics, not literature, so after graduating from the university, I completed my acquaintance with it.

And in 1970, I discovered the Aurora, which had appeared a year earlier. Moreover, it announced a new work by the Strugatsky brothers coming out next year. But he did not subscribe, because the magazine was freely sold at the Soyuzpechat kiosks. Collected "Baby" completely.

But the next year (1972) he signed up and read "Picnic" as it was published. Although, for some reason, the final number was lost and then had to be photocopied.

Then for several more years he subscribed to the magazine and read detective stories and adventures there:

And Adamov "The Evil Wind" (1974), S. Rodionov "Criminal Talent" (1974) and "Interrogation" (1975), M. Demidenko "The Diary of a Rogue Ke" (1976) and I. Budantsev "The Case of Captain Andrievsky" (No. 1-2 1976), A. Asimov "The Breath of Death" (1971) and the stories of GK Chesterton.

As well as Soviet and foreign science fiction: ABS "Boy from the underworld" (1974), A Shalimov "Beyond the" fiery line "(No. 10 1976), Nikolsky" Rider "(No. 2 1974), O Larinova" Double surname "(No. 1 1972) and G Gore "Pictures" (No. 8 1973)

To Vonnegut "Beads Before Pigs" (Nos. 3-5 1976), And Shaw "Whispers in Bedlam" (1977) and With Lem "137 Seconds" (No. 4 1974)

In addition, in 1972, an article by E Brandis about Leningrad science fiction was published.

We read with pleasure the youth novels by Zhitinsky “The verb “engineer” and “Hay-straw”, Drabkina “We were worth each other” and Kurbatov “There will be no mistakes yesterday” with some crazy woman. Moreover, he was a student and a "young specialist" and their irony and humor fell on age.

Of the masters, I read the historical stories by V Pikul, V Shefner "Notes of a Tooth Owner" and "The Red Crown" by M Bulgakov.

The last story read in "Aurora" - A. Zhitinsky "Clock with options" (1985). The magazine has become a book format.

Of course, there was also the “Ural Pathfinder” issued from year to year, but I wrote enough about it, so I don’t write here, and I rarely came across “The Same Age” and I didn’t read anything worthwhile there.

Appendix-poster "Stalker" (1980) by Andrei Tarkovsky.

And "Hotel" At the deceased climber "(1979)