Igor Lvovich Miklashevsky in fiction. Secret mission of Igor Miklashevsky

The son of theater-goers, champion boxer, master of sports, coach, NKVD officer with a special assignment - to kill Adolf Hitler. All this is about Igor Lvovich Miklashevsky, in our material about what was the fate of the man who became the spearhead of Soviet intelligence.

On the eve of the Great Patriotic War, the NKVD set itself the task of identifying and recruiting the most promising employees who speak German and are capable of conducting special operations behind enemy lines. Many professional operatives were already working in Berlin by that time, but the need to have such a specialist in the highest aristocratic Nazi circles came to the fore. And they found him.

A lot of facts spoke in favor of Miklashevsky's candidacy: a professional athlete - and therefore a person with an already existing excellent cover that justifies frequent moves; a good level of German language proficiency; patriot and citizen.
Toward the end of 1941, the commissioner of state security, head of the 3rd department of the Secret Political Directorate of the NKVD Viktor Nikolayevich Ilyin (later Lieutenant General of the KGB) and Pavel Anatolyevich Sudoplatov - head of the 2nd department of the NKVD - an extremely significant surname in the history of Soviet intelligence (who later became a writer, thanks to whom we were able to learn in detail the history of the assassination attempt we are describing).
As expected, Igor Lvovich gave his consent to carry out a secret mission behind enemy lines, while not having the slightest idea about the plan, purpose and essence of the operation.

At that time, intelligence schools and training bases were created in different parts of the USSR. On one of them, presumably on the territory of the Sloboda Monastery of the Nativity of Christ near the city of Kirov, Miklashevsky was trained in 1942. The school was also known for the fact that the future illegal intelligence officer, the great Nikolai Kuznetsov, was allegedly trained on its territory.

And already in December 1942, in accordance with a pre-thought-out "legend", Igor Lvovich's escape across the front line and surrender was staged. As expected at the Lubyanka, the Germans carefully checked Miklashevsky's dossier and unearthed his family connection with Vsevolod Blumenthal-Tamarin, who, during the German occupation of Istra, voluntarily went over to their side and became the editor of the Russian version of the German Radio.

Imitating the voice of Stalin, Blumenthal-Tamarin voiced falsified decrees of the Soviet government, called for surrender and conducted propaganda against the Red Army. After the Germans retreated from Moscow, Blumenthal-Tamarin and his wife went west with them. Soon his broadcasts from Kyiv became regular in the occupied territories.
The Germans, having appreciated the talents of the actor Blumenthal-Tamarin, appointed him the chief director of the Kyiv Russian Drama Theater, which resumed work shortly after the occupation of the city.
He opened the theatrical season with a satirical play defamatory of the Red Army called "So they fight ...", where he personally played the main role. In 1942, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR sentenced him to death in absentia.

Of course, the fact of kinship strengthened the position of the mishandled intelligence officer and assured the Germans of the sincerity of their motives and escape.

Using the cover of his traitor uncle, Miklashevsky had to settle in Berlin and prepare a group for infiltration into the Fuhrer's entourage in order to deliver a mortal blow at the right moment.

Among the famous personalities involved in this operation was the Polish prince Janusz Radziwill, as well as the famous German actress, the Fuhrer's favorite and part-time liaison of Lavrenty Beria - Olga Chekhova. It was they who were supposed to lead Miklashevsky into the aristocratic circles of Berlin and introduce him to the high society.

Igor Lvovich began his journey to Germany in 1943, having previously spent several months in prisoner-of-war camps and joined General Vlasov's "Russian Liberation Army" (ROA) in order to strengthen the "legend" and self-confidence. Soon he was sent to Berlin, where he settled in an apartment that belonged to the Blumenthal-Tamarins. The preparation phase has begun.

Settling in Berlin, Miklashevsky attended boxing matches and theatrical performances, at one of which he was introduced to Olga Chekhova. It was through her that Moscow received the news of the safe arrival of Igor Lvovich in Berlin.

Trying to become noticeable without the help of his fellow aristocrats, Miklashevsky took part in demonstration amateur fights, where he met famous German athletes, including Max Schmelling, the 1936 heavyweight boxing champion of Germany, who was in the highest Nazi circles.
Gradually becoming close to Olga Chekhova and her entourage, Miklashevsky became a frequent visitor to the theater, and repeatedly had the opportunity to personally contact Adolf Hitler and Hermann Goering. From the reports of Miklashevsky it followed that he had frequent access to the highest ranks of the Reich at numerous receptions and performances, and was ready to liquidate at any moment not only Hitler, but also his closest subordinates. Igor Lvovich was waiting for only one order, everything was ready.
But with the success of the Red Army in the battles on the western front, the leadership of the NKVD and Stalin began to doubt the advisability of killing Hitler.

Soviet intelligence officers began to pinpoint the contacts of the Nazis with representatives of the intelligence services of the United States and Great Britain. It was largely about the post-war structure and the security of significant people of the Reich, prominent scientists and figures. This was manifested especially frankly towards the end of the war after the opening of the "Second Front" in the framework of the so-called Operation "Sunrise" and the activities of the "ODESSA" organization.

Hitler at that time was an unpredictable and expressive figure for the Western intelligence services, and his elimination could significantly speed up the process of concluding a separate (one-sided and without the participation of the USSR) peace between Germany and the allies, in exchange for, say, the return of Britain to its possessions before the 39th year, which would allow the new leader of the Reich, who replaced Hitler, to concentrate all his efforts on the Eastern Front and leave the USSR alone in this war.

After the victory at the Kursk Bulge on August 23, 1943, the Soviet troops launched a decisive offensive, and this became a turning point in the war. Then there was no more doubt. The order to eliminate Hitler was canceled at the highest level, personally by Joseph Stalin.

Later, in order to maintain cover, he visited the Vlasov center on Victorianstrasse, where volunteers gathered to replenish the ROA, and in the summer of 1944 he took part in battles against the Allied landing force that landed in Normandy on June 6.

The letters of his uncle Blumenthal-Tamarin to the artist Mikhail Ivanovich Cherkasheninov shed some light on the fate of Igor Lvovich at the end of the Normandy operation: - “Fate continues to tempt me: seriously, almost mortally wounded is our last hope, our adopted son,(my wife's nephew, son of her brother Lev Lashchilin) Igor. He, on his own initiative, went into the volunteer army, took part in the battles for Carentin in Normandy and was seriously, almost mortally wounded, but it seems he will survive..

After this injury, Miklashevsky was taken to Germany, where he was treated in a hospital.

Having met with his uncle, the retired "Vlasovite" Miklashevsky moves with him to a small town in southern Germany - Musingen. This city became the last residence of Blumenthal-Tamarin. The radio announcer and traitor, sentenced to death by the NKVD, was killed by his nephew Miklashevsky, who dreamed about it even before starting his business trip to Berlin.

Little is known about the date of the murder. From the memoirs of Pavel Anatolyevich Sudoplatov, it follows that Blumenthal-Tamarin was killed back in 1944, and Miklashevsky then fled to France, where he remained for another two years after signing the surrender. Having connections in the ROA, he, using the introduction into the organization, for two whole years tracked down defectors to the West from the army of General Vlasov.

Thus ended the military part of the story of a man who was one step away from the title - "Hitler's killer."

Upon returning to the USSR in 1947, he returned to sports as a coach, managed to prepare many future champions of the USSR.
Igor Lvovich Miklashevsky died on September 25, 1990.

Vsevolod Alexandrovich Blumenthal-Tamarin was rehabilitated "due to formal circumstances" in 1993.

Last week, a feature film was shown on television about a man whose life has been classified as "secret" for most of his life. The "non-fiction" version tells Vladimir Konovalov, famous sports documentary filmmaker who was friends with Miklashevsky.

In life "after" he became an ordinary coach, took care of children. I didn't box myself. He said: "The war took away too much health." Maybe he cheated somewhere. Because I saw with my own eyes how Igor's fists worked. We were sitting in a restaurant, celebrating the release of my painting. Near drunken company, word for word - a fight. The already middle-aged Miklashevsky then needed only a couple of blows to put a man down.

Igor's mom is famous actress of the Chamber Theater Augusta Miklashevskaya. To her Yesenin experienced the most, perhaps, the strongest feelings, dedicated poetry (the cycle "The Love of a Hooligan", 1923 - Ed.). Augusta's relationship with Yesenin, however, did not go beyond the "platonic framework". Unlike an affair with a married dancer Lashchilin. Lashchilin is Igor's father.

Augusta Miklashevskaya with her son. Photo from the personal archive of Vladimir Konovalov.

Yesenin brought sweets to his son Augusta, gave him a camera for his birthday. But Igor picked up boxing gloves much more often. He was a brawler, a trio. Fives received only for the German language.

He was drafted into the army to Leningrad, where he became the city's boxing champion. In 1941, he made it to the final of the USSR Championship... The final did not take place, the war began. Instead of boxing - the defense of Leningrad. And then one day he came from Moscow for him NKVD officer Ilyin(later Lieutenant General of the KGB. - Ed.).

Uncle, aunt, Berlin

About the order "go out to Hitler and destroy it,” Ilyin himself told me. Why did the choice fall on Igor? Everything came together - both the language and boxing, which was idolized in Germany. World Champion Max Schmeling was a special person for the Fuhrer (when he knocked out an American Louis, Hitler ordered the film "Schmeling's Victory - Germany's Victory" to be shown in all cinemas. - Ed.). Plus the Miklashevsky family.

Olga Chekhova - actress of the Third Reich. Photo: Public Domain

But first, the legend. Igor allegedly accidentally doused an important person in a cafe. Then a fight, police, penal battalion, border crossing. Miklashevsky surrendered as a prisoner with the words: "I hate the communists, I have an uncle in Berlin, and Olga Chekhova is almost my own aunt." The Germans gave him a false execution - they put him against the wall and let's let the bullets go. And he bent his "uncle-aunt". I asked him later: “Was it scary?” “No,” he said. “I knew they wouldn’t shoot.” I thought he liked to tickle his nerves. By nature, Igor was a gambler, an adventurer.

Well, they seemed to believe it, they sent me to Normandy, to the German army as a motorcyclist. There Igor met the Frenchman Maren, who boxed in a cafe. They began to enter the ring together, entertaining the officers. Igor ate, began to win, and one day he heard from his superiors: “Get ready, you are going to Germany for the army boxing championship.” It was 1943.

Miklashevsky knocked out his opponent in the championship in the first round. Schmeling was sitting on the podium, who liked the Russian boxer. We talked, the Fuhrer's favorite told him that he would help to gain a foothold in Germany. Everything worked out for the best. Igor was already able to meet with Chekhova... But news came from Moscow - the order to liquidate Hitler was cancelled. The war was at a turning point, the Germans were retreating. Stalin was afraid that the death of the Fuhrer would weaken Germany and that she would agree with the allies behind the back of the USSR. The fact that the operation was wrapped up, in fact, saved Igor's life. He said: "Before me, 6 people were preparing an assassination attempt on Hitler, and everyone died."

"Your wife is coming!"

Igor found a new job. He, not without the help of Schmeling, was able to get a job at a German bomb factory in Alsace. And blew it up. When the Germans realized it, they shot everyone who worked at the factory. Igor received a bullet in the throat, it passed a millimeter from the aorta. The next morning, barely breathing, he was found in a pile of corpses by a French woman. Irene Spade. She pulled it out and took it to the partisans. Their doctor Igor patched up a little, but said: “We need a normal surgeon, otherwise he won’t last long.” And then a plan came up.

Igor Lvovich Miklashevsky(May 30, 1918, Moscow - September 25, 1990, Moscow) - athlete, middleweight boxing champion of Leningrad (1941), participant in the Great Patriotic War, NKVD officer, trainer, sports judge. Cousin of the Hero of Russia Natalya Alexandrovna Kachuevskaya (1922-1942).

Biography

1918-1941

Igor was born and raised in a theatrical family. His father, Lev Aleksandrovich Lashchilin (1888-1955), was a famous ballet dancer, choreographer and teacher at the Bolshoi Theatre. Mother, actress of the Chamber Theater Augusta Leonidovna Miklashevskaya (1891-1977). The parents were not officially married (by this time Lashchilin was already married). At the age of eight, Igor met the family of Lashchilin's sister, Inna Alexandrovna, whose husband (and, therefore, Igor's uncle, although not blood), was a prominent representative of the famous theatrical dynasty Vsevolod Alexandrovich Blumenthal-Tamarin. While studying at school, Igor achieved success in learning the German language and especially in sports - he became interested in boxing. After leaving school, he entered (but did not finish) the State Center for Sports and Physical Culture, received the title of Master of Sports.

In 1938 he was drafted into the army, served in Leningrad in anti-aircraft units, got married (his son Andrey was born in marriage), briefly participated in the Soviet-Finnish War, then continued training, became the middleweight boxing champion of the Leningrad Military District. In the spring of 1941, due to the refusal of the opponent from the final battle at the championship of Leningrad, he reached the final of the USSR championship (the championship did not take place). He met the Great Patriotic War as a sergeant - loading an anti-aircraft artillery gun on the Leningrad front.

1941-1942

As an athlete who speaks German well, he came to the attention of the intelligence services. His “recruitment” at the end of 1941 was personally handled by NKVD officers V.N. , lieutenant general of the KGB) and P. A. Sudoplatov (head of the 2nd department of the NKVD, later, after a 15-year imprisonment, a writer). He agreed to carry out a “special” (that is, secret) task behind enemy lines, the essence of which was not revealed to him, and in 1942 he underwent appropriate training, presumably at an intelligence school located in the city of Slobodsky not far from Kirov. In December 1942, his escape across the front line and surrender were staged. He passed a thorough check, during which it turned out (as was provided for by his "legend") his relationship with Vsevolod Blumenthal-Tamarin, which was additional evidence of the sincerity of his act. The fact is that at the end of 1941, the Blumenthal-Tamarins, who lived in a dacha cooperative occupied by the Germans near the village of Manikhino near Istra, voluntarily left with the German troops retreating from Moscow. Already in February 1942, Blumenthal-Tamarin began regular radio appearances, presumably from Kyiv, in which he, with all his acting skills, up to imitation of Stalin's voice, called on Soviet soldiers to surrender, and the population to cooperate with the invaders. At the same time, he was appointed by the German authorities as the chief director of the Kyiv Russian Drama Theater, which resumed work shortly after the city was occupied. He staged A. Korneichuk's play "The Front", remaking it into an evil satire on the Red Army called "So they fight ...", and played the main role in it - General Gorlov (in the "alteration" - General Gorlopanov). On March 27, 1942, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR sentenced him to death in absentia.

"Special" task

The task received by Miklashevsky was as follows: the NKVD drew up a plan for the liquidation of Hitler, according to which Janusz Radziwill (an influential Polish prince and politician who ended up in the NKVD in 1939 during the “partition” of Poland and agreed to cooperate) who lived in Berlin and agreed to cooperate) and Olga Chekhova (favorite actress of the Fuhrer, ex-wife of Mikhail Chekhov, and part-time liaison of Lavrenty Beria himself), had, with the help of their friends among the German aristocracy, to provide access to Hitler to a group of agents abandoned in Germany and who were underground in Berlin. The leadership of the group was entrusted to Igor Miklashevsky, who was supposed to settle in Berlin with the help of Blumenthal-Tamarin.

17.10.2017

A few words about the hero of the proposed essay “Operation Ring” Igor Miklashevsky. Many people know about this rather strong boxer. He became popular largely due to the well-known book of the writer G. Sviridov "Stand to the last", in which he was the prototype of the protagonist. You need to understand that this is a work of art in which the author has the right to fiction.

Apparently, this book became the main source in writing many articles about the legendary scout and boxer I. Miklashevsky. Thus, the assertion is widespread that the main task of Miklashevsky was the elimination of Hitler himself during the war years, and at the same time his uncle, a traitor to the Motherland. It also talks about Miklashevsky's victorious performance in 1943 at the European boxing championship organized by the Nazis, about his friendship with the world champion among professionals, the pride of the German nation Max Schmeling, etc.

Is it really? We asked the leading expert of the Hall of the History of Russian Foreign Intelligence, retired colonel Vladimir Antonov, to answer this question.

OPERATION "RING"

During the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War, the work of Soviet foreign intelligence was entirely subordinated to the fight against Nazi Germany and its allies. Intelligence was able to quickly reorganize in accordance with the requirements of wartime, retain valuable agents and establish reliable communications with them.

The work of foreign intelligence during this period was based on two main directions. The first of these is the intensification of the activities of "legal" and illegal residencies abroad in order to receive important political and military information in a timely manner, as well as to effectively conduct active measures.

The intelligence apparatus of the foreign intelligence agencies of the state security agencies in the United States, England, Turkey, Sweden, Iran, Afghanistan, China and a number of other countries (a total of 96 "legal" and illegal residencies) were aimed at collecting information about Germany, Italy, Japan and the territories occupied by them. countries. The main task was to create intelligence capabilities in government agencies, industrial and scientific organizations, intelligence and counterintelligence services of these states.

The second main activity of foreign intelligence during the Great Patriotic War was the formation and deployment of reconnaissance and sabotage detachments and groups to the Soviet territory occupied by the Germans.

On July 5, 1941, under the People's Commissar of the NKVD, a Special Group was created to manage the front-line work of the state security organs, which in January 1942 was transformed into the 4th Directorate of the NKVD. His chief, Senior Major of State Security (Major General of the Red Army) Pavel Sudoplatov, was also the deputy head of Soviet foreign intelligence. The backbone of the administration was made up of regular foreign intelligence officers.

Due to the enormous difficulties for the Red Army in the first weeks of the war and the successful advance of the Wehrmacht to the east, the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks on July 18, 1941 adopted a special resolution "On the organization of the struggle in the rear of the German troops." It ordered party organizations and state security agencies "... to create unbearable conditions for the German interventionists ... to disrupt all their activities, to destroy the invaders and their accomplices ... to help create partisan detachments, sabotage fighter groups ...".

Chekists-intelligence officers fought with enemies as part of reconnaissance and sabotage groups and partisan formations, obtained intelligence information, and carried out actions of retaliation. It was they who prepared and carried out a number of daring military operations, as a result of which more than sixty fascist criminals and their accomplices suffered a well-deserved punishment. At the same time, it should be noted that acts of retaliation were planned and carried out by the forces of reconnaissance and sabotage units of the 4th Directorate not only in the temporarily occupied Soviet territory, but also in Germany itself. Below we will talk about one of such successfully implemented actions of retribution against the traitor, the former Honored Artist of the RSFSR, the head of the Mochalov Art Theater Vsevolod Blumenthal-Tamarin.

Being a minor actor in the provincial theater before the revolution, Blumenthal-Tamarin after the Civil War, thanks to connections among the leaders of proletarian culture and personal acquaintance with the people's commissar of education Anatoly Lunacharsky, quickly joined the ranks of the new theatrical nomenclature.

In October 1941, when the Nazi troops were rushing towards Moscow, Blumenthal-Tamarin, leaving his theater with actors, hid with his wife in a dacha in the village of Manikhino near Istra. With the arrival of the Germans, they immediately went over to their side. And the artist began to actively work out the "traitor's bread": he regularly spoke on the Russian-language German radio, denouncing his former patrons and the leadership of the Soviet Union and urging Soviet soldiers to surrender, and the population to cooperate with the invaders. At the same time, he actively used his acting skills, imitating the voice of Stalin.

Having fled with the Germans who had retreated from Moscow, Blumenthal-Tamarin continued his radio broadcasts from Kiev. His speeches, which sounded on the air, meant a lot to the Nazis. At the same time, he actively collaborated with the Novoye Slovo newspaper, which was published in Germany in Russian, publishing articles about the atrocities of the Bolsheviks led by Stalin.

On March 27, 1942, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR stripped the traitor of all ranks and sentenced him to death in absentia.

On August 13, 1942, People's Commissar of Internal Affairs Beria instructed the head of the 4th Directorate of the NKVD, Sudoplatov, "to begin a special event in relation to Blumenthal-Tamarin."

Nikolai Abin, a historian of the Soviet special forces units, wrote about this: “The operation to eliminate the traitor received the code name Ring. Such an unusual name was due to the fact that the assignment was entrusted to the nephew of Blumenthal-Tamarin - the champion of Leningrad in boxing, the head of the searchlight station of a separate searchlight battalion of the 189th anti-aircraft artillery regiment of the Leningrad Front, Sergeant Igor Miklashevsky (operational pseudonym - "Strikes").

Igor Lvovich Miklashevsky was born on May 30, 1918 in Moscow into a theatrical family. His father, Lev Aleksandrovich Lashchilin, was a famous ballet dancer, choreographer and teacher at the Bolshoi Theatre. Mother - actress of the Chamber Theater Augusta Leonidovna Miklashevskaya. The father's sister, Inna Lashchilina, was married to a representative of the famous theatrical dynasty, Vsevolod Blumenthal-Tamarin.

While studying at school, Igor achieved great success in learning the German language, as well as in sports - he was fond of boxing. After graduating from school, he entered the State Center for Sports and Physical Culture, received the title of Master of Sports of the USSR. However, he failed to graduate from the institute before the war.

In 1938 he was drafted into the army. He served in Leningrad in anti-aircraft units, participated in the Soviet-Finnish war. Later, having continued active training, he became the middleweight boxing champion of the Leningrad Military District. In the spring of 1941, being the champion of Leningrad, he reached the final of the USSR championship, which did not take place due to the start of the Great Patriotic War. He met the war as a sergeant on the Leningrad front. At the end of 1941, as an athlete who spoke German well, he came to the attention of representatives of the Soviet foreign intelligence and agreed to perform a "responsible special task" behind enemy lines.

The scout was given a difficult task. Hitler's special services carefully guarded Blumenthal-Tamarin. Access to the guarded mansion of an accomplice of the Nazis could only be obtained by a person whom he completely trusted. And a nephew who "broke with the Soviets" could become such a person.

On a special base of the 4th directorate, Miklashevsky, who received the operational pseudonym "Strikes", underwent special training. On April 22, 1943, under the guise of a defector, he crossed the front line near the village of Borisovka, Smolensk Region. This was followed by long and exhausting interrogations by the Gestapo.

The path to the intended goal was difficult and dangerous for Udarov. At first, he, along with other defectors and prisoners of war, was sent to the Smolensk camp. Only at the end of 1943 did he receive a letter from his uncle, who advised him to enlist in the Russian Liberation Army (ROA) and promised to later recall him to Berlin for propaganda work.

As part of the 437th battalion of the ROA "Udarov" fought near Warsaw, and then in France. In early 1944 he was sent on a short leave to Germany. On January 27, 1944, while passing through Koenigsberg, "Udarov" finally met with Blumenthal-Tamarin. The latter met his nephew rather coolly and wary and did not stay alone with him. The next day, "Strikes" left Koenigsberg and returned to the unit. Soon he was awarded an officer's rank. At the beginning of June 1944, in battles with the Anglo-Ame who landed in Normandy, he spent several months in a hospital bed.

Continuing to serve in the company of traitors to the Motherland, the intelligence officer stubbornly waited for a new meeting with a relative. Finally, on October 23, 1944, he received a letter from his uncle, in which he invited his nephew to his place. Already on November 29, "Udarov" went to the suburbs of Berlin, where Blumenthal-Tamarin lived. And again began a thorough check of the intelligence officer by the Gestapo and regular surveillance of him. The meeting of the nephew with the uncle took place only at the end of March 1945. And in April, under the heavy guard of intelligence officers, they were transported to the small town of Müsingen, located in the southwestern part of Germany near the border with France.

Only on May 10, 1945, a pistol bullet fired by Udarov put an end to the traitor's biography.

In June 1945, a young man appeared at the Soviet embassy in Paris and asked the duty officer to meet with a representative of the Soviet special services. To the diplomat who came out to meet him - the resident of the NKGB in France - he reported: “Igor Miklashevsky has arrived. Mission accomplished." His difficult and deadly mission was successfully completed.

Returning to the Soviet Union, Igor Lvovich was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. While still a young man, he decided to return to the sport. But the severe wound received in Normandy did not allow him to perform in the ring. However, he achieved success as a coach who raised several champions of the USSR, and as a judge of the all-Union category. For many years, Miklashevsky worked as a boxing coach in the Labor Reserves sports society. Died September 25, 1990.

Igor Miklashevsky hardly suspected that his life would be firmly connected with special agencies. He was born and raised in a creative environment, at school he became interested in boxing and dreamed of becoming a famous athlete. But fate decreed otherwise: after the start of the war, Pavel Sudoplatov drew attention to him. Miklashevsky was asked to be trained for a special assignment. The former boxer agreed and they began to prepare a saboteur from him, who would have to kill Hitler himself.

Igor Lvovich Miklashevsky

Igor Lvovich Miklashevsky was born on May 30, 1918 in Moscow. His mother, , was a famous dramatic actress. Father, Lev Alexander Loschilin , was a ballet dancer, choreographer and teacher of the Bolshoi Theater. Officially, Igor's parents were not married; by that time, Lev Alexandrovich had a different family and children. Yes, and Augusta Leonidovna was not particularly eager to get married. She was quite satisfied with the open relationship that was fashionable in those days.

Igor's father did not leave his illegitimate son with his attention. He constantly visited his former mistress and even introduced Igor to his sister, Inna Alexandrovna . Who was married to a representative of the famous Blumenthal-Tamarin acting dynasty in those days Vsevolod Alexandrovich . Later, this acquaintance will play a crucial role in the life of Igor Miklashevsky. And at that time, Blumenthal-Tamarin fascinated his wife's nephew with the study of the German language. He himself was half German and German was often spoken in his family.

After the end of the Civil War, the house of Augusta Miklashevskaya turns into a real secular salon. There are always actors, theatrical figures, writers, poets and other representatives of the creative intelligentsia. Employees of the Cheka-GPU also go there. And not only to follow the bohemian party, but also just to touch the world of art. In particular, the widely known fact that one of the leaders of the special agencies of that time Artur Artuzov He was a connoisseur of good literature and was friends with many poets and writers.

I often visited the house of Augusta Miklashevskaya Sergey Yesenin , who dedicated several poems to her from the collection " Bully love". Augusta Leonidovna herself later claimed that they were not lovers with the poet and had never even kissed. Their mutual sympathy was purely platonic. At the same time, she did not deny that she received signs of attention from some high-ranking Chekists. One of them put Igor in a boxing circle.

In those days, such mugs were still a rarity, but they already appeared. In particular, in many boarding schools and orphanages. And as you know, it was the Cheka that at one time was entrusted with the fight against homelessness. Igor got into one of these circles. He became quite seriously interested in boxing, achieved impressive (for a young man) success in it and was accepted into a sports society. "Dynamo"(created under the patronage of the NKVD).

After graduating from school in 1935, Miklashevsky entered the State Central Order of Lenin Institute of Physical Culture(GTSOLIFK). However, Igor was not destined to graduate from the institute. In 1938 he was drafted into the army.

Uncle Vsevolod Blumenthal-Tamarin

There is a strange story associated with this call. Because even in those days, students were given the opportunity to complete their studies and only then they decided whether to enlist in the army or not. Miklashevsky was not allowed to finish his studies. According to some reports, this was due to the fact that the young boxer had an affair with a certain young girl who was the daughter of some party leader. And she even sort of got pregnant, which made dad furious. Here are the curators from the Dynamo sports society and decided to pay off the imminent scandal: they sent the guy to the army, and they sent him to the Leningrad Military District.

There, Miklashevsky immediately entered the boxing team of the district, participated in competitions, and trained. He married there and had a son. A short period in training arose in 1939 year. Igor Miklashevsky, at his urgent request, was sent to the Soviet-Finnish war. He served as a loader in an anti-aircraft battery. After the end of the war with Finland, he returned to training and competition. spring 1941 year became the champion of Leningrad and reached the final of the USSR boxing championship. However, the final duel did not take place: the war began.

In the autumn of 1941, the husband of his paternal aunt, Vsevolod Blumenthal-Tamarin, entered his life again. The 60-year-old actor, when the Germans rushed to Moscow, did not leave for the deep rear. On the contrary, he moved towards the German troops. He settled in a dacha near the city of Istra (60 km from Moscow), where he calmly waited for the arrival of the Nazi troops and offered his services to the Nazis. Blumenthal-Tamarin records radio broadcasts with calls not to resist the German troops, skillfully imitating the voice of Stalin, reads orders and appeals on his behalf, puts on radio plays with a satirical bias towards the leadership of the USSR.

In fact, Blumenthal-Tamarin was never an adherent of communist ideas. In particular, in 1918 in Kharkov, when Denikin's army entered there, he organized a fundraiser for gifts to the liberators from the "red infection". And after the end of the Civil War, he often allowed himself statements that were not entirely loyal to the authorities. The most incredible thing about his fate is that he was not arrested, not sent to camps, but even helped with tours. But the transition to the side of the Germans, apparently, overflowed the cup of patience. spring 1942 Vsevolod Blumenthal-Tamarin was sentenced to death in absentia.

The Germans hurried to smuggle the valuable propagandist away from the front, fearing an "action of retaliation" from Soviet saboteurs. First, Blumenthal-Tamarin went to Warsaw, and from there he moved to Berlin. Where he continued to stage plays and parody Stalin. He is accepted in the high society of the Third Reich, the Russian-German actor is favored Goebbels . Without even suspecting that this particular person should become a kind of "master key" that will help open Germany's security systems and allow Soviet saboteurs to get close to its top.

Preparation, casting, legalization

The idea to use Blumenthal-Tamarin as a "master key" came up with the head of the third department of the Secret Political Directorate of the NKVD Viktor Ilyin . In the late 30s, it was his department that oversaw work with the creative intelligentsia. So Ilyin often visited the “salon of Augusta Miklashevskaya” and knew about the family ties of her family with the traitor.

late autumn 1941 of the year, a few weeks after the transition of Blumenthal-Tamarin to the side of the Germans, Sergeant Igor Miklashevsky was called to the commander's dugout of an anti-aircraft battery, which was located on the shores of Lake Ladoga and provided cover for caravans evacuated from Leningrad. In the dugout, the Commissar of State Security was waiting for him. The general (by army standards) tormented Miklashevsky for a long time with questions about life, hobbies, relatives, and political attitudes. At the end of the conversation he said: Get ready, you are recalled to Moscow».

A few hours later, Miklashevsky was taken to the capital by a special plane. Where did you get an appointment with the boss Special group of the NKVD(sabotage and partisan movement behind enemy lines) Pavel Sudoplatov . Who bluntly asked: is Miklashevsky ready to carry out a special task behind enemy lines. Igor agreed without hesitation and was soon transferred to Kirov. By the way, it was there that the theater was evacuated, in which his mother worked at that time. So this trip could be considered as a vacation, if not for one "but". It was near Kirov, in the Sloboda Monastery, that one of the most secret intelligence schools of the NKVD operated.

For the special task, the essence of which Miklashevsky found out just before the throw, the boxer was prepared for a whole year. And the task was not just dangerous, but actually deadly. Miklashevsky was supposed to cross the front line, surrender to the Germans, tell about his relationship with Blumenthal-Tamarin and try to move to Berlin. Where should have been with the help of a Russian-German actress Olga Chekhova develop an operation to eliminate the top of the Third Reich.

in winter 1942 Miklashevsky crossed the front line, went to the German positions and, in good German, asked to be taken to the authorities. The message about the surrender of a Russian who spoke German well and claimed to be related to influential people quickly passed through the chain, and soon Miklashevsky ended up in the Gestapo. It quickly became clear there that Blumenthal-Tamarin, who had already managed to establish himself as a very useful propagandist for the Nazis, really had a nephew, Igor Miklashevsky. For further investigation, the Russian is sent to Berlin.

The meeting of relatives took place under the vigilant control of German special agencies. But pretty quickly they realized that the nephew was not a "setup", but really the Soviet boxer Igor Miklashevsky. But then the task stalled. Miklashevsky was closely watched, despite the fact that almost immediately upon his arrival in Berlin he entered into Russian liberation army(ROA, headed by General Vlasov). Apparently, they didn't believe him. So dating Chekhova would be too dangerous for the actress. And then the sport came to the rescue of the boxer.

Cancel operation

To summer 1943 years, it became absolutely clear to many Germans that the blitzkrieg in the East did not work out. To distract the townsfolk from thinking about this topic, the German propaganda machine tried with might and main. Almost every month new theatrical productions were staged in Berlin, dozens of films were made, restaurants and variety shows worked without interruption.

Particular attention was paid to sports events. In particular, world heavyweight boxing champion Max Schmeling was entrusted with 1943 year to host the European Championship. It was supposed to take place in France.

The championship was attended by Germans, Italians, French, Belgians. However, Goebbels set the condition that representatives of the Slavic nations also take part in the competition. Schmeling managed to find just one who agreed to box: Igor Miklashevsky, the middleweight champion of Leningrad. The Russian boxer confidently reached the final, where he was supposed to meet with the German boxer. They tried to put pressure on Miklashevsky so that he would “lie down”, but he stood up for the Russian Schmeling . Who said that there is no place for ideology in sport. The Gestapo did not dare to argue with the boxer, who in the mid-30s was made the idol of the nation and the embodiment of the Aryan spirit. So Miklashevsky became the champion (conditionally, of course) of Europe in his weight category. And at the same time secured the friendship of Schmeling himself.

In fact, the German boxer was not a Nazi and did not accept their ideas. It is authentically known that in the 30s he hid Jewish children in his house, whom he later helped to leave Germany. So Schmeling absolutely did not care that Miklashevsky was not of Aryan blood. And the German helped the Russian saboteur enter the high society of the Third Reich. At one of the parties, Miklashevsky and Chekhova met. Igor introduced himself, mentioning the name of his mother, with whom Chekhova was well acquainted. And when they moved away from other guests and no one could overhear them, he gave the password. Thus began preparations for the operation, which did not take place.

autumn 1943 Miklashevsky sent a message to Moscow that the operation to eliminate Hitler had every chance of success. Sudoplatov began to send pre-trained agents to Germany, who were supposed to help Miklashevsky complete a special task. They had to penetrate into Berlin through neighboring countries, and then wait for the hour "X". The rough plan was as follows: to lay a compact explosive device in the VIP box in the theater, and Chekhova was to ensure the Fuhrer's attendance at the performance. This plan could indeed be crowned with success: Hitler greatly favored Chekhova and would hardly have refused a personal invitation. But Joseph Stalin ordered to stop preparations for the operation and not to touch either Hitler or anyone else from his entourage.

As we already wrote, by the end of 1943 it became absolutely clear that the back of the German army was broken. This was clear to many German generals, who entered into separate negotiations with the Americans and the British. So Stalin feared that, if Hitler was eliminated, the Allies might withdraw from the war or even support the Germans in the fight against the communist regime.

Preparations for the operation were curtailed, and Miklashevsky received another task. He had to learn as much as possible about the activities and top of the Vlasov army. In the end 1944 year, during a raid by American aircraft, a Soviet saboteur was seriously wounded, treated in a German hospital, and after the end of treatment, at the beginning of 1945, he managed to make his way to Belgium and then to France. Where he surrendered to American intelligence. He introduced himself as a Soviet intelligence officer and was soon handed over to Russian special agencies.

Before 1946 years Miklashevsky continued to work in the NKVD. Many "Vlasovites" tried to get lost among other prisoners of war, and Miklashevsky helped to identify them. After all, if ordinary prisoners were sometimes released on all four sides (especially if there was evidence that they were captured in an unconscious state), then the members of the ROA were definitely waiting for a harsh sentence: at least 10 years, and officers - 25 or execution.

Despite the offer to remain in special agencies, in 1947 Miklashevsky quit his job (when he was dismissed he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner) and again went in for sports. Because of the injury, he could no longer enter the ring, but he became a famous coach who raised a dozen champions of the USSR and Europe. Igor Lvovich passed away September 25, 1990 years in Leningrad.