Projects of aerated concrete houses with a basement. Projects of houses and cottages with a basement

As you know, the abundance of design solutions in our time is both an advantage and a disadvantage, because sometimes it is very difficult to make a choice.

There are a few key considerations to keep in mind when considering the various options:

• The area of ​​your site.
• The number of people in your family.
• What are your building preferences?
• Financial opportunities, since by choosing an unbearable project, you risk building a house for decades.

In recent decades, house designs with a garage and a basement have become very popular. This type of building came to us from the west, where it is very popular due to the practicality and convenience of this type of building.

Technical nuances of design that you should know

If you are considering projects of houses with a garage in the basement as the most preferable, the following factors must be considered:

• Soil type on the building plot and groundwater level. Unstable soil is not the best option for a heavy building, as is a too high water table. In wet soil, it is unjustified due to the very high costs of waterproofing structures.
• The cost of building a foundation is much higher than the classic solution with a strip foundation. Indeed, in order for the structure to be reliable and practical, a combination of the following factors is necessary: ​​waterproofing, ventilation and rational insulation.

Advice! Determining the type of soil on your own is quite difficult, it is better to seek help from qualified specialists.

You also need to know some building codes. A house under construction for individual residential development may have two floors and an attic.

At the same time, if the top floor of your floor basement is 2 or more meters above the soil level, it is considered a full-fledged floor. It doesn't matter what the height of the room is.

But, if the ceiling is below 2 meters, you can build 2 more floors and an attic above it. Many people miss this important nuance and face many problems after construction.

In the photo - a plinth is a structure, the upper floor of which is located at a level lower than 2 meters

The SNiP states that “The basement floor is a floor in which the floor mark is below the planned ground level by no more than half the height of the room. The basement floor is also considered to be the floor, the upper floor of which is located at a height of no more than 2 meters from the ground level.

If more than half the height of the room is below the soil level, then the floor is considered underground.

It is worth noting that such a structure is best suited for sites with a slope, and the steeper the slope, the easier it is to arrange a basement.

Pros and cons of the attic floor

Naturally, this type of structure has a number of differences, which are due to the design features. Only knowing all the details, you can make the right decision.

Advantages

• The most indisputable advantage is that another, almost full-fledged floor appears in your house, while the total height of the buildings practically does not change. In such levels it is very convenient to locate boiler rooms, switchboards, storerooms and other technical premises. Also very often located here: a garage, a sauna, a gym and even a winter garden.
• The difference in soil level in the area over 50 cm makes this design justified and rational, since the cost of the strip foundation increases significantly.
• The project of a house with a garage in the basement saves a significant part of your site, this is especially important in small areas.
• The monolithic base of the plinth, located below the freezing point, is an extremely reliable and stable construction.
• The floor on the first floor of the house does not have contact with the ground, so it will always be warm and comfortable for walking.

Flaws

• The complexity of the process - it is necessary to dig a pit for the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house.
• The need for a high-quality ventilation system, especially if there is a garage in the basement.
• Waterproofing of the structure must be carried out very high quality. The price of these works is high, and it is difficult to do it yourself.

Project examples

The most common projects are one-story houses with a basement and a garage - they are well suited for small plots.

As can be seen from the plan, in the basement there is a garage (7), two storerooms (6), a workshop (8) and a bathroom (9). The house itself has four bedrooms (2), a living room (1), a spacious kitchen (3) with a dining room (4) and another bathroom.

Advice! You should not choose too spacious buildings if the family is small. Remember that the house needs to be cleaned and heated, and three bedrooms for guests is not the most reasonable option.

Another example is a cottage project with a garage and a basement. The peculiarity of this plan is, and all the bedrooms are located in the attic. Of course, you can adapt the premises for any purpose, this is not an instruction, but a guide to action.

Another interesting option is a small, but very small one, in which a garage, a sauna, a boiler room and even a greenhouse fit in. On the ground floor there is an entrance hall, an interestingly shaped kitchen and a spacious living room, in addition, a cozy terrace is located on the back side. In the attic floor there is an office and a bedroom, if desired, it can be two bedrooms.

In fact, there are thousands of such projects, our examples are designed to show how diverse they can be.

Conclusion

If you have reliable soil and low groundwater levels, you should pay attention to such projects. Watch the video in this article and see the rationality of this type of layout.

According to the established opinion, house designs that include a basement are considered impractical and are of little use in the future. However, today this room can bring tangible benefits, since a workshop, basement, boiler room or garage can be equipped in the basement.

The project of a three-story house with a garage in the basement

In practice, it turns out that the maintenance of such an addition to your own home does require some investment, but the garage saves time, keeps the car intact, protects from bad weather, and also allows you to use it as a warehouse for non-combustible materials. Gradually, people understand all the delights of having a basement garage in the house, because today the demand for such projects has gone up.

Modern house designs, including the presence of a "zero" floor, which is commonly called the basement, allow owners to significantly expand their available space. The garage today is not just an extension to the house or, in the case of a basement, part of it, but an opportunity to save money, since a person is freed from the need to pay rent.

He also does not have to look for a suitable parking space, in addition, if the car is located in a suburban area, it is completely protected from environmental influences. It is easier to use than it might seem, because it does not violate the overall harmony that the exterior of the house gives, the furnishings and interior do not suffer from such a neighborhood, and comfort, on the contrary, improves significantly.

The basement floor with a garage included in the design of the house makes the floors in the rooms on the first floor much warmer, since cold currents do not penetrate the house.

Directly the premises located on the ground floor become dry, they are not affected by mold or dampness, which can often be found in country houses.

Designing houses is a difficult and lengthy process, however, projects of one-story buildings with a basement are developed with even higher time and labor costs, since the housing itself turns out to be structurally complex, expensive to repair and operate. This is due to the adoption of a number of additional measures to provide basements with all kinds of communication networks and pipelines, insulation and waterproofing of all surfaces, arrangement of reinforced ceilings and ceilings, etc. Photo project of a house on one floor with a basement

Development of housing projects with basement areas

Any housing, including low-rise buildings with or without an attic and basement, must comply not only with SNiP and GOST, but also with the weather conditions in the development region. So, a light wooden house with a flat uninsulated roof is unlikely to stand for a long time in Yakutia or Transbaikalia. When drawing up a project, factors such as the properties and type of soil, groundwater characteristics and soil freezing points, average annual precipitation and temperatures are important. Therefore, the customer can make changes to any standard projects of one-story houses, making the housing individual and adapted to their requirements.

Why exactly houses with a basement and with one floor began to be in demand among all segments of the population instead of the so advertised and until recently popular two-story country cottages with a garage? After all, for those and for these projects, a reinforced deep foundation is being developed (most often a monolithic and tape type, and this is not the cheapest option), and a house with a high basement accounts for up to 20% of the cost of building the basement itself, which in a building with two no floors. The fact is that with all the existing costs, such projects will always be low-cost, and why - we will consider below.

The basement floor is not a basement, and its main difference and advantage is the presence of natural light that enters the basement through windows, which, by the way, cannot be in the basement. The windows here, although not high, can be made larger than in an ordinary room, thereby increasing the flow of daylight. With the standard requirements of SNiP for a basement height of 2.5 m, windows will be located at least 1.5 m, which is quite convenient for use. But compliance with the requirements of GOST does not mean that the basement cannot be made deeper or higher - you can raise the ceiling or lower the floor, and use the additional height of the area at your discretion.

Benefits of a basement project

Builders argue that with a properly designed layout, a house with a basement will cost less than a low-rise building. How can this be justified?

1. In the presence of a basement floor, the total area more than doubles, and in a house with an attic - by another 50-70%.
2. The basement is the warmer floors of the first floor, which means savings on insulation, energy, repairs and the health of residents, because the air in the house will always have optimal humidity due to heating and natural ventilation from below.
3. An additional floor can be converted for various purposes, including for living. Often the basement is combined with a boiler room, garage or car repair shop, saving on the construction of additional premises or separate outbuildings.

The plan above shows that the prudent owner used the available space as efficiently as possible. The house has a swimming pool, a boiler room, a sauna and even a gym, and all this is in addition to the standard set of bedrooms, a kitchen, a hall, etc. Such a powerful increase in premises became possible thanks to the plinth. Projects of houses on one floor with a basement are the most diverse layouts. See the most interesting and original ideas below. Plinth:

1. This is the best room for a warm garage, pantry, furnace or car repair shop, swimming pool, billiard room or bath.
2. It gives a lot of space for a spacious dressing room or a huge entrance hall, and the ascent to the first floor is carried out through a vestibule with a spiral or (if space permits) a flight of stairs.
3. Can be converted into a dining room to separate the kitchen, where food is prepared, from the area for relaxation and dining.
4. These are separate bathrooms and bathrooms (precisely in the plural), a personal office or a home laboratory. And if you add a bay window to the plinth, then you can safely equip a small observatory. The bay window will protrude at 1.5-2 m, and this area will be enough for organizing or a winter garden, an all-season greenhouse or just a pavilion for relaxation with a bench and a small table.

Important! In the project of one-story private houses with a basement, a staircase is always provided - without it, the basement loses its meaning. A comfort staircase is a mechanism ≥ 90 cm wide with a tread spacing ≥ 30 cm and a riser height ≥ 16 cm. These parameters must be taken into account when designing.

Construction features

The plinth is erected in the same way as the strip base, only with improved insulation and waterproofing. All its protection must be done in any case, even if the house is on a hill and the groundwater is deep enough. These measures will not allow condensate to accumulate, which will eventually affect the integrity of the structure.

The most common foundation design that goes into the basement is monolithic concrete or slabs. But the regulatory requirements for building materials do not prohibit making a foundation of bricks of highly specialized brands.

When building on solid ground for the sole of the foundation, it is possible to equip not a concrete, but a sand-gravel cushion. On loose and highly moistened soils, a concrete slab is laid under the foundation, on which the walls of houses are built.

Important! The presence of ventilation ducts and the arrangement of supply and exhaust ventilation in the basement is mandatory! Therefore, in the project, do not forget to indicate the holes for the ventilation pipes, which should enter the basement 20-25 cm above the ground.

Briefly about the construction:

1. Digging a pit.
2. Equipping the bottom of the pit with a sand-gravel or concrete pad with a layer of ≥ 20 cm.
3. Filling the slab, which will act as a subfloor.
4. Building foundation walls.
5. Laying a layer of waterproofing on the surface of the walls, bringing the base to the zero level.
6. Laying the next layer to protect against moisture and arranging the overlap. The remaining elements of the house box are mounted on the ceiling.
7. Full heat and waterproofing in the basement, outside and inside.

1. From surveyors: on a flat surface, construction will not be as expensive as on a slope or on a site with difficult terrain.
2. From the architects: the height of the basement floor is an ambitious view of the whole house, because a low plinth will look rooted into the ground, unlike a building with a high one.
3. From the builders: it is better to start from the corners - these areas determine the geometry and aesthetics of the building.
4. A sinking plinth (recessed into the foundation wall) is more reliable than a protruding one: it protects the foundation from any undesirable influences, natural and mechanical.
5. Protruding (beyond the surface of the foundation) - the optimal design for a lumber house. And to protect the foundation, a “belt” of decorative materials is applied over the basement.
6. A basement in the same plane as the foundation of the house is an option from hopelessness: moisture damages waterproofing, it is more difficult and expensive to protect such a structure from frost and wind.

A monolithic basement floor under the house is a very expensive pleasure, which has its pros and cons. To do it or not to do it depends on the needs of the family, and sometimes on the characteristics of the site. At the same time, you must understand that the basement will require serious costs both at the construction stage and during operation.

pros

The basement floor is an additional space that can accommodate various technical rooms or it can be completely dedicated to a separate level for recreation and entertainment. In our catalog you will find projects of private country cottages with various organization of the basement space. The basement level, in fact, is universal. It can house a sauna, a billiard room, a wine room, a gym, as well as a garage for one or several cars. Especially the zero level is simply necessary when it comes to building houses on a fairly serious slope. It's expensive, but how prestigious and impressive the cottage looks!

Minuses

The main downside is the price. Of course, the cost of building a house can be reduced by using FBS blocks, but this is not such a significant savings. At the stage of building the basement, drainage will be required due to the drainage system, and sometimes one drainage circuit will not be enough. Plus, you need good waterproofing with insulation. (Depends on the region of the country, as well as on the height of groundwater at the site). All this has a significant impact on the budget. As for the operation, the arrangement of all residential and non-residential rooms will require the laying of various engineering networks. It will become especially expensive if a full-fledged recreation area is organized below, because. a lot of light, heat, the required number of bathrooms will be required, which will entail the laying of water and sewerage, and, most importantly, an increase in usable area. All this will add some significant numbers to utility bills.

In our catalog you will find ready-made projects of country houses with a monolithic or prefabricated plinth with working documentation. Just buy and build! Nothing extra! In addition to the architectural and construction part of the project, you can order a package of engineering systems.

One-story housing does not suit, and there is no desire and time to mess with papers during the construction of a two-story building. The projects of houses with a basement offered by "Domamo" are waiting for customers all over Russia. Finished works with additional space under the first floor are constantly replenished.

Pros of a house project with a basement

If you properly organize the underground space, then you can get another full-fledged floor, of course, you can’t equip a bedroom in it, but here are other rooms that could not easily fit in the house. But the advantages of the basement do not end there:

• the basement will be heated, which means that the floor of the first floor will be warm;
• on the received space it is possible to place residential and technical premises;
• the total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe building increases significantly;
• favorable conditions are created for laying all communications and free access to them;
• some of the outbuildings that take up space on the site can be moved to the basement.

But having decided to build such a structure, it is necessary to provide for the use of special equipment, since the basement will have to be buried much deeper into the ground, and its excess will need to be removed. The residential basement must remain dry, for which it must be waterproofed.

The basement floor is usually occupied by a boiler room, a workshop, a gym or a billiard room is equipped in it, with a lack of a bathroom, then it. An additional storage room will not hurt anyone, but the garage under the house will be convenient to use, to visit it in bad weather right from home. In the basement, excellent conditions are created for organizing a wine cellar, storing your own and purchased alcoholic products in it.

Choosing a cottage with a basement

Projects of houses with a plinth are ordered by people living on a hill who do not have the opportunity to install a garage and other outbuildings, since their backyard area is small.

But when choosing structures with a basement, there are limitations - they cannot be built in areas where there is seasonal flooding of the soil or groundwater is located close to them. Even with a strong desire, on such plots it will be necessary to invest a lot of material resources and efforts in order to fulfill the drainage system that meets safety requirements.

The cost of the selected project will depend on several criteria:

• number of storeys;
• relief of the built-up area;
• project complexity and required drawings;
• area of ​​the future home.

There are different project options in the Domamo catalog, if one of them does not quite correspond to the wishes of the customer, then it can be changed by adding or moving walls or ceilings. All adjustments will be reflected in the calculations so that the strength of the entire building is not affected. The same applies to the replacement of materials used.