Do-it-yourself adjustment of the front axle UAZ 469. UAZ bridges

Disassemble the front axle in the following order:

1. Install the axle on the stand, unscrew the wheel nuts and remove the wheels.
2. Loosen and unscrew the nut securing the bipod link pin to the steering knuckle arm and remove the bipod link.
3. Turn away screws and remove brake drums.
4. Remove wheel couplings.
5. Straighten the bent edges of the lock washer, unscrew the nut and locknut, remove the lock washer and the inner ring with rollers of the outer bearing of the right and left wheel hubs.
6. Remove the wheel hubs.
7. Turn away bolts of fastening of brake boards, remove boards, pins of rotary Fists and take out hinges of rotary fists.
8. Loosen and unscrew the pin nuts and remove the steering trapezium linkage.
9. Loosen the bolts securing the ball joint to the axle housing. Remove the stops-limiters of the rotation of the wheels and press the ball bearings out of the casings of the axle shafts.
10. Loosen the nuts securing the swing arm to the steering knuckle housing. Remove the lever and set of shims.
11. Turn away bolts of fastening of the top overlay of a kingpin of other rotary fist and remove an overlay with a set of adjusting linings.
12. Turn away bolts of fastening of the bottom linings of pivots and remove linings with a set of adjusting linings,
13. Loosen the ball joint seal bolts and remove the ball joint seal.
14. Press out the pins using the tool shown in Fig. 184 and remove the steering knuckle housing.

Rice. 184. Pin puller

Assemble the front axle in the reverse order of disassembly, taking into account the following:

Select the number of spacers to obtain certain axial interference in the pivot bushings, depending on size B (Fig. 187), consisting of the sum of the dimensions of the steering knuckle and shims, and size A, consisting of the sum of the dimensions of the ball joint, support washers and pivots. The number of pads must be at least five. Measure under a load of 1.6 kN (160 kgf). Size A should be 0.02-0.10 mm larger than size B.

Rice. 187. Selection of shims:
1-ball bearing; 2-support washer; 3-pin; 4-adjusting shims; 5-knuckle housing

Adjusting linings establish from above and from below on end faces of the case of a rotary fist. With an even number of gaskets of the same thickness, install the latter at the top and bottom in equal quantities. With an even number of gaskets, but their different thicknesses, or with an odd number of gaskets, the difference between the total thickness of the upper and lower gaskets should not exceed 0.1 mm.

When assembling and installing the ball joint oil seal, soak its inner felt ring in warm engine oil.

After assembly, check the front axle on the stand with and without load. The load is created by the simultaneous braking of both axle shafts. A properly assembled front axle should not have increased noise and heating, as well as oil leakage through cuffs and seals, covers and bolted connections.

UAZ-469, 452, 3303
The main advantage of UAZs is all-wheel drive. For this, the owner is ready to forgive the car for many shortcomings - high cross-country ability and simplicity of design make them bearable.

But over time, when driving with the “front end” turned on, an ominous crunch appears, the wheels “bite” slightly in corners. The reason, most likely, is the wear of the CV joints. And it develops if there is a longitudinal play in the hinge, due to wear of the thrust rings. At the next TO-2, it is worth checking their condition. For this:

With a "14" wrench, unscrew the six nuts of the coupling ...	...and take it off.
Grasping the splines of the drive, we move it towards ourselves and away from ourselves. If play is felt, the steering knuckle will have to be disassembled in order to replace the hinge thrust washers.	Unfolding the lock washer...
... and unscrew the nut.	Remove the lock washer.
We unscrew the second nut and remove the bearing thrust ring.	Remove the outer bearing and hub.
Using the "17" wrench, we unscrew the six bolts securing the brake shield and trunnion.	We remove the duster ...
...and brake assembly. And so as not to interfere - we put it on a spring.	We take the pin.

Sometimes the hinge crumbles right in the hands. In order to make such a CV joint work further, it is necessary to eliminate the axial play and combine the axes of rotation of the hinge and the steering knuckle. When installing a new hinge, these conditions must also be observed, otherwise it will quickly fail.

... remove the second support washer from the ball joint.

We find the thickness C of the support washers by the formula: C \u003d (B-A) / 2, and their diameters correspond to the diameters of the sockets.

Backlash washers can be machined from steel (45 steel) and hardened. We press them into the trunnion and ball joint.

We assemble in the reverse order.
Having installed the trunnion and the brake shield, we check if there is any longitudinal play at the hinge and if it rotates freely. Do not over-compress the hinge. In this case, you need to remove the support washers and reduce their thickness.

Same as for the rear axle.

The device of the steering knuckle of the front drive axle UAZ-3741, UAZ-3962, UAZ-3909, UAZ-2206, UAZ-3303.

A ball joint with pin bushings pressed into it is fastened to the axle housing with five bolts. The steering knuckle body is mounted on the ball bearing with the help of two pins. The steering knuckle pins are installed with a preload along their common axis, the value of which is 0.02-0.10 mm. From turning in the steering knuckle housing, the kingpins are locked with pins.

The preload must be adjusted with gaskets installed at the top - between the steering knuckle lever (left) or lining (right) and the steering knuckle housing, at the bottom - between the linings and the steering knuckle housing. To lubricate the upper kingpins and add lubricant to the ball joint, grease fittings are installed on the steering knuckle arm (left) and on the upper kingpin pad (right). The lower kingpins are lubricated with grease flowing by gravity from the ball joint.

A constant velocity joint (CV joint) is installed inside the steering knuckle. The design of the hinge provides the same angular speed of the driving and driven shafts, regardless of the angle between them. The hinge consists of two forks, in the curvilinear grooves of which four balls are located. In the central nests of the forks there is a fifth ball, which is an adjusting ball and serves to center the forks. From longitudinal movement, the hinge is limited by a thrust washer.

The inner CV joint fork is splined to the side gear of the differential. At the driven end of the hinge knuckle, a device is installed for disabling the front wheels of the vehicle, which consists of a movable clutch mounted on splines and a bolt with a spring and a ball. The outer splines connect the movable coupling to the inner splines of the drive flange bolted to the wheel hub.

To reduce the wear of the parts of the front drive axle and save fuel when operating the vehicle on paved roads, it is advisable to turn off the front wheel hubs along with turning off the front drive axle.

Why remove the protective cap and unscrew the bolt, set the coupling to a position where the signal annular groove on its surface is located in the same plane as the flange end. After setting the coupling in the required position, screw the protective cap. The wheel is switched on by screwing the bolt with its reliable tightening.

On some UAZ-3741, UAZ-3962, UAZ-3909, UAZ-2206 vehicles, it is possible to install a front wheel disconnection clutch of a different design 31512-2304210. To turn off the wheels, it is necessary to turn the clutch disc counterclockwise until it stops, while aligning the pointer with the inscription "4 × 2". Switch on by turning the disk clockwise until it stops, while aligning the pointer with the inscription "4 × 4".

Clutch engagement and disengagement operations must be performed on both wheels of the front drive axle simultaneously. The inclusion of the front axle when the wheels are disabled using the clutches is not allowed.

Maintenance of the front axle UAZ-3741, UAZ-3962, UAZ-3909, UAZ-2206, UAZ-3303.

When inspecting the steering knuckles, it is necessary to pay attention to the serviceability of the adjusting bolts, stops-limiters of the rotation of the wheels and the reliability of their locking. The value of the angle of rotation of the right wheel - to the right, and the left - to the left should be no more than 27 degrees. The increased angle of rotation of the wheels leads to the destruction of the hinges of the steering knuckles.

Front axle steering knuckle tightening adjustment.

Adjustment of the tightening of the steering knuckle at the factory is carried out with a preload along their common axis, and the same number of shims are installed above and below. When the rubbing surfaces are worn, the preload disappears and an axial gap is formed between the ends of the pivots and the support rings of the ball bearing. This gap is eliminated by removing the same number of shims from above and below. The difference between the total thicknesses of the upper and lower gaskets should not exceed 0.1 mm.

Adjustment of a convergence of wheels of the forward bridge.

The wheel alignment is adjusted at normal tire pressure so that the size BUT, measured at the center line of the side surface of the tires in front, was 1.5-3.0 mm smaller than the size AT behind. Wheel alignment can be checked on the outer or inner surfaces of the tires.

Checking the toe-in of the wheels on the outer surfaces must be carried out on a special stand. In this case, it is necessary to find points of equal lateral runout of the tires and place them in a horizontal plane. Otherwise, due to significant lateral runout of the tires, the toe-in will be adjusted incorrectly.

Determining the toe-in of the front wheels on the inner surfaces of the tires must be carried out in the absence of a special stand. To do this, install the car on a viewing hole with the position of the wheels for driving in a straight line. Using a bar with a moving ruler, measure the distance between the inner surfaces of the tires at the rear, approximately at the height of the center of the wheel. At the same time, the bar should be installed horizontally, and the points of contact of the bar with the tires should be marked with chalk.

Then roll the car forward or backward to such an extent that the points marked on the tires are in front at the same height, and the measurement between the marked points is repeated. The difference between the first and second measurements gives the amount of wheel alignment.

If necessary, the wheel alignment must be adjusted by changing the length of the steering link rod by rotating the fitting after first loosening the lock nuts with left and right threads. Tighten the lock nuts after adjusting.

Many variants of bridges were installed on UAZ cars of different models and at different times at the plant. Let's try to figure this out...

Bridge UAZ Timken (civilian or collective farm)

This is a split type bridge, that is, a bridge consisting of two halves. This type can also be attributed (it is also geared or portal). From the factory, civil bridges are installed on UAZ cars of the cargo range (loaf, onboard,), as well as on cars of the UAZ-3151 (469) passenger car series.

Gear ratios of UAZ military bridges

The gear ratio of military bridges is 5.38 (= 2.77 * 1.94 - the gear ratios of the main and final drives, respectively) - more high-torque, but less speedy than conventional bridges.

Characteristics of the military bridge

• Ground clearance: 300 mm (with tires Ya-192 215/90 R15 (31 x 8.5 R15)
• Track: 1445 mm
• Track gear axles UAZ Bars: 1600 mm
• Weight of UAZ military front axle: 140 kg
• UAZ military rear axle weight: 122 kg

Scheme of the gear (military) bridge UAZ

Rear axle UAZ with final drive:

1 – a cover of a crankcase of the main transfer; 2 - differential bearing; 3,13,49 - shims; 4 - sealing gasket; 5.7 - bearings of the drive gear; 6.15 - adjusting rings; 8.42 - cuffs; 9 - flange;
10 - nut; 11 - mud deflector; 12 - ring; 14 - spacer sleeve;
16 - main gear drive; 17 - satellite; 18 - right axle shaft; 19 – final drive housing; 20.29 - oil deflectors; 21 - axle bearing; 22,26,40 - retaining rings; 23 - sealing gasket of the final drive housing; 24 – final drive housing cover; 25 - bearing; 27 - brake shield; 28 - brake drum; 30 – a bolt of fastening of a wheel; 31 - trunnion; 32 - hub bearing; 33.41 - gaskets; 34 - lock washer; 35 - leading flange; 36 – a nut of bearings of a nave; 37 - lock washer; 38 - sleeve; 39 - driven shaft final drive; 43 - driven shaft bearing; 44 - driven gear final drive; 45 - special nut; 46.50 - drain plugs;
47 - final drive gear; 48 - right cup of the box of satellites; 51 - main gear housing; 52 – half shaft gear washer;
53 - half shaft gear; 54 - the axis of the satellites; 55 - driven gear of the main gear; 56 - left cup of the satellite box; 57 - left half shaft

UAZ front axle steering knuckle with final drive:

a - signal groove;
I - right rotary fist; II - left rotary fist; III - wheel disconnect clutch (option see Fig. 180, IV); 1 - stuffing box; 2 - ball bearing; 3 – the hinge of a rotary fist; 4 - gasket; 5 - press grease fitting; 6 - kingpin; 7 - overlay; 8 - body of the steering knuckle; 9 - kingpin bushing; 10 - bearing; 11 - driven shaft of the final drive; 12 - hub; 13 - leading flange; 14 - clutch; 15 – lock ball; 16 - protective cap; 17 - coupling bolt; 18 - trunnion; 19 - lock nut;
20.23 - support washers; 21 - final drive gear; 22 - locking pin; 24 - rubber sealing ring; 25 - thrust washer; 26 - axle housing; 27 – a bolt of restriction of turn; 28 - emphasis-limiter of rotation of the wheel; 29 - steering knuckle lever

Construction of a military bridge (photo)

Video replacement and adjustment of the main pair on the UAZ military bridge

Bridges Spicer UAZ Patriot and Hunter

Spicer is not a split, one-piece bridge.

In the early 90s, for the new UAZ-3160 car, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant developed Spicer-type drive axles with a one-piece crankcase.

The absence of a connector in the transverse plane of the bridge gives the structure high rigidity, the unloaded connection between the cover and the crankcase reduces the likelihood of leakage at the joint, and the placement of the main gear and differential in a single crankcase provides high engagement accuracy and more favorable conditions for the operation of the bearings.

• Width of bridges spicer for UAZ Patriot — 1600 mm
• Width of bridges Spicer for UAZ Hunter - 1445 mm

axle differential spicer

Front axle of UAZ-452

Device

The front drive axle is designed to transfer traction to the front steered wheels. The main gear and differential installed in the front axle are the same as those of the rear axle. The axis of the drive gear is shifted to the right of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle by 190 mm.

To transfer force to the wheels, constant velocity joints are installed at the outer ends of the axle shafts, which ensure the same rotation speeds of the driving and driven forks at any angle of rotation of the wheels.

The hinge is located inside the pivot pin, the design of which is shown in fig. 2.

Rice. 1. Hinge of equal angular velocities: 1 - driven fork; 2 - leading fork; 3 - central ball; 4 - leading balls; 5 - hinge assembly

The stub axle assembly, with the help of which the wheel is turned, consists of a ball bearing bolted to the axle housing flange, a stub axle housing connected to the ball joint by means of double pins, and a swivel pin. A brake shield is installed on the body of the pivot pin.

Rice. 2. Steering pin: 1- leading fork; 2 - ball bearing; 3 and 17 - adjusting shims of pivots; 4- king pin: 5 - steering trapezoid lever; 6 - body of the pivot pin; 7-1 driven fork; 8 - pivot pin; 9-wheel hub; 10 - leading flange of the hub; 11 - clutch; 12 - fixing ball; 13 - protective cap; 14 - bolt; 15 - splined end of the driven fork; 16 - kingpin pad; 18 - thrust washers of the hinge of equal angular velocities: 19 - casing of the axle shaft; 20 - stuffing box

Pivot bearings are assembled with a preload, which is adjusted by adjusting shims with a thickness of 0.1; 0.15 and 0.4 mm. Gaskets are installed at the top - between the ends of the steering trapezium lever (on the left pivot pin) or lining (on the right) and the pivot pin body and below - between the ends of the lining and the pivot pin housing. The value of the preload in the bearings should be in the range of 0.02-0.10 mm.

During operation, due to wear of the rubbing surfaces of these parts, the preload in the bearings disappears and a gap is formed in them, which adversely affects the durability of the bearings, which is eliminated by adjustment.

To reduce wear of the front axle parts and save fuel during long-term operation of the vehicle on paved roads, it is recommended to turn off the front drive wheels.

For this purpose, a movable coupling is installed in the front axle on the splines of the driven fork, the outer splines of which are engaged with the splines of the leading flange of the front hub.

Rice. 3. Clutch position when turning on and off the front wheels

To disengage the wheels, the clutch must be disengaged from the drive flange.

To do this, it is necessary to remove the protective cap and, unscrewing the bolt from the driven fork, set the coupling to a position where the signal annular groove A on its surface is located in the same plane as the flange end. The bolt is kept from spontaneous rotation by a fixing ball and a spring. Turn on the wheels by screwing the bolt into the fork until it stops.

It must be remembered that the inclusion of the front axle with the wheels off is not allowed.

The front and rear axles have the same final drive and differential, so all instructions for adjusting the pinion bearings, backlash and contact in the final drive gears and rear axle differential bearings apply to the front axle as well.

Maintenance

Maintenance of the front axle consists in performing the same operations that are indicated for servicing the rear axle.

In addition, the following must be done.

At TO-1, lubricate the kingpins of the pivot pins through the grease fitting of the upper kingpin.

With TO-2, remove the front wheel hubs and, shaking the trunnion up and down, determine the presence of play in the pivot pins. If there is a gap, make adjustments. The adjustment procedure is listed at the end of the section.

Check the fastening of the steering trapezium levers to the pivot pins.

Check the maximum steering angles of the front wheels (minimum turning radii).

Through TO-2, perform all the operations indicated for TO-2, but instead of adding grease, rinse the hinges and put 300 g of fresh grease into them.

To replace the grease in the joints, unscrew the bolts securing the wheel trunnion to the body of the swivel pin, remove the brake and the trunnion (do not disconnect the hydraulic brake flexible hose), remove the hinge from the ball joint, remove the old grease, flush the hinge and ball joint and put 300 g of fresh grease. Reinstall the pivot yoke carefully so as not to damage the oil seal in the ball joint.

Front axle faults related to the operation of the final drive and differential gears will be the same as those of the rear axle and are listed in the "Rear axle faults" section.

Removal and disassembly of the front axle

For repair, it is necessary to remove the front drive axle from the car and disassemble it.

After disassembling and washing the parts, you need to check their condition (wear) and determine suitability for further work. Worn parts are replaced with new ones.

To remove the front axle from the car, you should:
- disconnect the pipelines of the hydraulic brake drive, shock absorbers, cardan shaft, steering arm, springs;
- roll back the front axle and install it on a stand or stands.

Disassembly of the front axle is performed in the following sequence.

Remove wheels and brake drums.

Remove the protective cap from the hub drive flange.

Unscrew the bolt from the driven fork and remove the sliding sleeve of the drive flange of the hub.

Unscrew the nuts of the studs securing the drive flange of the front wheel hub. Screw in the two bolts mounted on the flange and remove the flange from the splined end of the driven yoke.

Remove the front wheel hubs.

Remove the brake discs and stub axles and take out the constant velocity joints.

Remove the steering trapezoid arm and kingpin linings with shim sets.

Loosen the ball head nuts and remove the tie rod.

To disassemble the pivot pin, you must:
— to turn away bolts of fastening of an epiploon of a spherical support;
- press out the pivots and remove the stub axle housing;
- in case of wear of the stuffing box installed in the ball joint, you need to unscrew the bolts, remove the ball joint, press out the stuffing box and replace it with a new one.

Disassembly of the front axle housing, final drive pinion shaft and differential, as well as adjustment of the double tapered bearing of the final drive pinion shaft, differential bearings, adjustment of backlash and contact in the engagement of the final drive gears must be carried out in accordance with the instructions made for these units in "Rear Axle" section.

The hinges of equal angular speeds are disassembled in the following order.

Mark with paint the relative position of the driven and driving forks.

Clamp the drive fork in a horizontal position.

Having turned the central ball with the flat towards one of the driving balls, move the driven fork to the side and remove the ball (passing by the flat).

Remove the other three balls in the same way.

Assemble the hinges in the following order.

Clamp the drive fork in a vertical position.

Install the center ball in the spherical recess of the drive fork with the flat to the side.

Place the driven fork on the center ball.

Turning the driven fork to the side, install the three drive balls into the grooves.

Open the forks to the maximum angle and, turning the central ball flat towards the fourth groove, insert the last (fourth) ball that will pass the flat of the central ball.

The preload in the hinge between the balls should be such that the moment required to rotate one fork from 10-15 ° in all directions from the axis with the other fork clamped in a vice is 300-500 kgcm.

To ensure correct assembly and obtain the required preload, the balls are sorted into 9 groups. Each hinge is assembled with balls of one group or with balls of two adjacent groups, for example, two balls of 25.41 mm and two of 25.44 mm.

When mounting, balls of the same size must be placed diametrically opposite to one another.

The difference in the diameters of two pairs of balls of one hinge is allowed no more than 0.04 mm.

If there is a stand, run the hinge on it at a varying angle from 0 to 30 ° for 2 minutes at a rotation speed of 300 rpm.

When running in, lubricate the joint with grease for pivot pins.

Front axle assembly

The front axle must be assembled in the reverse order of disassembly. All instructions for assembling the rear axle also apply to assembling the front axle. In addition to these guidelines, the following must be observed.

Press the bushing into the pivot pin flush with the end face of the socket under the thrust washer.

The oil grooves of the thrust washer mounted on the neck of the stub axle must face outward (toward the yoke flange).

The seating surface of the pivot pin must be lubricated with a thin layer of red lead, shellac or UN-25 sealing paste.

Lubricate the pivots with a liquid lubricant before assembling.

When installing the hinge, put the lubricant indicated in the lubrication chart into the ball joint and the hinge.

Lubricate the sliding sleeve of the drive flange of the hub when installing on the driven fork with a thin layer of grease 1-13 to protect against corrosion.

Lubricate the pivot bearings through the grease nipples with grease "C" or grease "C".

The oil slinger ring of the oil seal of the front axle drive gear, installed between the flange and the inner ring of the bearing, has grooves on the end face with the right turn direction and is marked with the letter "P".

The oil ring installed in the rear axle is left-hand grooved and unmarked. Oil stripping rings must not be interchanged, otherwise oil may leak from the stuffing box.

After completing the assembly of the front axle, it is necessary to check the angles of rotation of the trunnions in each direction and the setting of the toe-in.

The front axle after assembly is checked on the stand under load and without it.

A properly assembled front axle during operation should not have increased noise, heating and oil leakage through the stuffing box, covers and bolted connections.

The procedure for adjusting the pivot pin bearings is as follows.

Raise the front axle with a jack.

Loosen the wheel nuts and remove the wheel.

Loosen the bolts securing the ball joint seal and remove the seal.

Check for axial play at the pivots by moving the stub axle housing up and down by hand. If there is play, adjust, for which:

unscrew the fastening nuts and remove the lever to the bipod rod on the left pivot pin, and the kingpin pad (top) on the right pivot pin, remove the thin (0.1 mm) adjusting shim and install the removed parts in place.

Loosen the mounting bolts and remove the kingpin pad (bottom), remove the thin (0.1 mm) adjusting shim and install the kingpin pad in place.

To maintain the coaxiality of the cardan, gaskets of the same thickness should be removed from above and below.

Check build results. If the play is not eliminated, re-adjust by removing the thicker gasket (0.15 mm) and reinstalling the thin one (0.1 mm).