Elena Sanaeva: biography and personal life of the Soviet actress (photo). Vsevolod Vasilyevich Sanaev Trial by war and death

Vsevolod Sanaev

Vladimir Plotnikov. " Samara secrets Russian cinema-2"

Nothing in it embarrassed me and could not embarrass me, if only because I saw much of what is described in the book with my own eyes: my grandmother, and grandfather Sanaev, and little Pasha. We were neighbors, on weekdays little Pasha Sanaev used to go to school past our windows.
I remember my grandmother very well. Yes, a very strange woman. And grandfather - People's Artist USSR Sanaeva. Read what happened to Vs. Sanaeva and his wife Lida ("grandmothers" from the story) during the war, and you will understand a lot about them:

“Sanaev left for a few days with a film crew in Borisoglebsk to the Chkalov aviation school, taking with him only a razor and two changes of underwear. The shooting ended, but he did not have to return home. The entrance to Moscow was closed, the enemy approached the city itself. The Moscow Art Theater was evacuated.Vsevolod's wife managed to leave the capital for Alma-Ata, but he knew nothing about it.
...........
Meanwhile, in the cold sports hall of Alma-Ata, crowded with refugees, his first-born Alyosha was dying of measles and diphtheria. The two-year-old baby burned in the heat and suffocated, but at the same time he still consoled his crying mother: “Mommy, dear, don’t cry, I’ll get better.” After burying her son, the inconsolable Lida Sanaeva made her way to her husband for several months and miraculously found him. And then, even during the war, I was born to them - rickety, with thin arms and legs, not at all like a strong and clever brother. Perhaps that is why my parents brought me up with redoubled rigor and love. That is, if I fell, my mother could give me more for it. And to the question "why?" usually answered: “The curse inspires, but the blessing weakens!”

AFTER the war, our family returned to Moscow, to a nine-meter room in Bankovsky Lane. My father worked day and night to change it for a larger one, but one reform ate up the savings, and after the war, another. Once, in a large communal kitchen, Lida Sanaeva inadvertently told some anecdote about tsars, and soon “people in civilian clothes” came - they became interested in what this young woman “breathes”, why she does not work. Mom was very seriously ill from this episode, for several months she ended up in a psychiatric hospital with a diagnosis of persecution mania. Vsevolod Sanaev really wanted to protect his wife from such stories and the evil tongues of neighbors in a communal apartment, but he bought a separate apartment in a cooperative house only by the age of forty-four, after he experienced a massive heart attack during the filming of the film "Diamonds" ... In this kopeck piece he and Lida lived until the end of days." (from the memoirs of E. Sanaeva)

But Paul told about it in the book. Has no one noticed this? Did no one feel sorry for this woman? And did no one understand that she madly, selflessly loved her grandson?
"Bury me ..." - a tragic book; and some people, it turns out, before reading, thought that they were offered a comedy. And they were offended: the name is funny, but the story is about difficult childhood.
The story was not liked by a girl (the author of a post in one community, which caused my answer), who grew up in different conditions, and it is difficult for her to understand why Sanaev wrote this. She hated to read. To me - no. And my friends in the comments, as it turned out, liked the book. No wonder we're friends...
(Actually, reading Dostoevsky - about children and their suffering - is very difficult. Probably, the author of the post does not know about Netochka Nezvanova and the children of Katerina Ivanovna - they lived worse than Sasha Saveliev ...)
Who among you has experienced at least a tenth of what was in the life of Pavel / Sasha, he understood everything and cannot but fall in love with "Bury me ..."
For those who had a pink happy childhood and adolescence, it is probably difficult to accept the story of Pavel Sanaev.
Only now it is not interesting to write about the sheer happiness of childhood. When absolutely everything is good, fine and excellent.
There are also tragic stories, dramatic, and scary; and after all, Pavel explains why his grandmother was so strange - did no one notice? .. His story is rare in strength. And this, whatever one may say, is the only book in almost 20 years that seriously speaks to us about childhood, about the “tear of a child”, about difficult family relationships.
And the main thing is that the hero / author has grown smart person that he has a wonderful mother, and everything ended well.

The ability to be authentic in any circumstances in the acting environment is highly valued and called organic. Vsevolod Sanaev had this quality by nature; it was not for nothing that critics noted “purity of tone” and “delicate ear” in his playing. For this, he was loved by the audience, who came up right on the street with words of gratitude. The actor himself self-critically called himself " spent cartridge case”, but he was pleased with the attention of the public. There was no falsehood in his off-screen life - the People's Artist of the USSR was not spoiled not only national love and popularity, but also the experience of going to power. About his long tenure as secretary of the Union of Cinematographers, he said this: “What should I be ashamed of? I haven't been upstairs. And in his place he helped whom he could. But if Sanaev's films are from the first, "Volga-Volga", and to the last, "Shirley-myrli" (and there are about 90 films in total, among which were "Liberation", "Strange People", "The Return of St. Luke", " Colonel Zorin's version", "Stove-benches", " Private life”,“ Forgotten melody for flute ”), are known to everyone, then about family drama we learned the actor relatively recently - from the novel "Bury me behind the plinth", written by his grandson Pavel Sanaev. “Grandfather and Lesha were sitting on the shore of the reservoir and were fishing. Lyosha followed the bell of a spinning rod thrown far into the water and half-heartedly listened to his grandfather sitting near him with a fishing rod.

- It's hard, Lesh, there is no more strength, - grandfather complained, looking at the thin goose float. - Three times already I thought of locking myself in the garage. Start the engine, and, well, that's all ... The only thing that kept me from leaving her was no one. She curses me that I go to concerts, go fishing, but I have nowhere to go. He got into the household commission, into the trade union - just to leave the house. Tomorrow I'll distribute the vouchers - it's already good, the day will pass. Nobody goes to these concerts, but I go. Now to Rostov, then to Mogilev, then to Novy Oskol. Do you think a big joy? But at least a hotel, peace, sometimes a good reception will suit. And I’ll spend a few days at home, I feel my heart stops. Eating to death."

Pavel Sanaev,
"Bury Me Behind the Baseboard"

“I COULD NOT WALK, AND MOTHER WEARED ME, 5 YEARS OLD, IN HER HANDS”

Elena Vsevolodovna, from the book of your son Pavel Sanaev "Bury me behind the plinth" we know that your father's family life was not very happy...

This is not entirely true. After all, dad was dying at our place, Roland and I took him to us. Mom passed away 10 months before, and my father grieved terribly. Everyone cried: “Lel, let her not say anything at all, just sit in a corner on the bed, if only she was alive.” Yes, their relationship was not easy, in some ways even tragic, but over the 50 years that they lived together, they already had a common circulatory system.

- Is it true that your parents met in Kyiv?

It happened a few years before the war, when the Moscow Art Theater was on tour in your city. The slender, beautiful student of the philological faculty, Lidochka Goncharenko, did not leave any man indifferent, and dad was no exception - he fell in love immediately and for the rest of his life. For a whole month, when the theater worked in Kyiv, dad persuaded mom to marry him, and she finally agreed. They say that my mother's relatives almost ran after the train shouting: "Lida, change your mind!". They were embarrassed both by the precocity of this marriage, and by their father's profession, which everyone considered frivolous. Mom's Kyiv relatives were sure that the young would not succeed and she would soon return home. But they were wrong...

Mom was a person infinitely devoted to the family. Her character was complex, but it was aggravated by her illness. She wasn't schizophrenic, she just suffered. constant depression- their cause was those invisible to the world tears that our people shed at that time. They loved their country, rejoiced at its successes, but when someone was taken away in the middle of the night and the person disappeared, it was very scary.

- Your mother, too, if I'm not mistaken, suffered?

In the kitchen in the communal apartment where her parents then lived, she told a joke, and one of the informants denounced her. People in civilian clothes began to come, asking neighbors who she was, why she was young and not working? Mom then was so frightened that her psyche, already weak, simply could not stand it - she ended up in a psychiatric clinic for several months with a diagnosis of persecution mania.

- It is unlikely that the military hard times contributed to the strengthening of mental health ...

It was not easy for everyone then, but it was harder for my mother than many. It so happened that they lost each other with dad. To shoot a front-line film collection, my father went to Borisoglebsk for several days, but could not return from there - Moscow, which had become a front-line city, was closed.

My father stayed to work at the Boris Gleb Drama Theatre, where performances were given twice a day for soldiers leaving for the front. He recalled that at that time only one thought haunted him: why did he, healthy man, every day takes the stage, when is his place at the front?! In addition, he did not know anything about my mother and my brother Alyosha, who were evacuated to Alma-Ata, and he was very worried about this.

During the evacuation, my brother contracted measles and diphtheria. According to the stories of his parents, who remembered him until his death, he was an extraordinary boy: with such clear eyes, such a clever boy! Dying, Alyosha comforted his mother: “Mommy, dear, don’t cry, I’ll get better!” She buried him alone, without relatives and friends.

Mom was so exhausted then, she was in such despair that she did not see where she was going - every now and then she ran into poles. Then, for several months, in a state of complete moral and physical exhaustion, she reached her father in Borisoglebsk.

- And soon you were born ...

It was in the 43rd year. I am a child of war: weak, thin, where did you get health from? Dad, loving, called me rotten. At the age of five, I got such jaundice that I almost died. If it wasn't for my mom, I wouldn't be here. I think I survived also because I was baptized. Mom, in order to put me on my feet, sold all her simple outfits and jewelry, and dad worked day and night to buy lemons and cottage cheese at the market, which simply were not in stores.

I needed Fresh air, and our yard in terms of ecology was terrible - not a single tree. And since I couldn’t walk, my mother, a big five-year-old girl, carried me every day in her arms across Kirov Street (now the old name was returned to her - Myasnitskaya), past the Kirovskaya metro station, to Stopani Lane, where there was a good square near the House of Pioneers . She took with her cottage cheese, a piece of bread, juice in a bottle, and she also carried all this with her. I remember how one woman, passing by, said: “Wow, carry such a healthy mare in your arms!”. People sometimes casually condemn others, but do not know what kind of grief people can have in a family.

- Needless to say, your mother suffered!

Having lost her son, she was afraid to lose both my dad and me, and this endless fear drove her into the stress in which she lived. It sometimes manifested itself in her in a peculiar way: in childhood, when I fell, she could also kick: “How did you fall?! Why did you go there?!" Then this fear of hers was transferred to her grandson - my Pasha, who was constantly sick and whom she simply adored.

I recently spoke with Ninochka Grebeshkova, Gaidai's widow, with whom we lived in the same acting house, where our neighbors were Larionova and Rybnikov, and Bondarchuk and Skobtseva, and Rumyantseva, and Naumov, and Lezhdey, and Kozakov, and Bulgakov, and Gluzsky. So, Nina says that everyone treated her mother very well, respected her and loved to talk with her. She was a well-read, intelligent, interested in art - it was interesting to talk with her.

And with dad, despite all the quarrels, they loved each other very much. And the difficulties in family life everyone has.

“WHEN THE FATHER WAS LEAVING, THE PARENTS DID NOT GIVE HIM NOT ONLY MONEY, BUT ALSO A WINTER COAT”

What do you know about your father's childhood? During the life of parents, we are so little interested in this ...

My grandmother gave birth to 12 children, of whom only six survived. The Sanaev family was very friendly, patriarchal. Grandfather worked at the factory where the famous Tula accordions were made - he had absolute pitch and was a tuner. Dad also got a job there at the age of 13-14. He did not study well, so his grandfather told him: “Lomonosov will not work out of you anyway, go to work.” By the age of 17, dad already had four students.

But he already had a passion for acting. On Sundays or holidays, when guests came to the house, grandfather, anticipating a surprise, often asked: “Can you guess who it is?”. Dad easily parodied mutual acquaintances, from which everyone present was delighted.

- While all this is somehow very far from cinema and theater ...

His life turned upside down when the Moscow Art Theater came to Tula - still the one in which all the famous luminaries of this theater played, selected and educated by Stanislavsky and Nemirovich-Danchenko. The performance that my father got to see was Chekhov's Uncle Vanya. Subsequently, my father told me how shocked he was when the curtain opened and living life, completely unknown to him: he felt that, regardless of his desire, he was involved in it, he began to worry about these heroes. It was some kind of miracle! And then, having learned that there is a drama theater in Tula, the young man asked to work there.

How did his parents react to this?

He understood: if he said at home that he was going to work in the theater, his parents would decide that his son had gone crazy. Therefore, he worked at a factory during the day, and in the evening he went to the theater, where he did absolutely everything - he was both an illuminator and a noisemaker (he portrayed a thunderstorm, knocking on a sheet of iron), and even went on stage in The Inspector General in a tiny episode from the category “Dinner is served ! After that, one old actor of this theater told him: "Sev, you have abilities - you need to study!" Dad thought about these words and, despite the fact that he had only four classes of education, he decided to go to Moscow - to enter the theater institute.

This is where his parents, of course, rebelled. They decided that the son simply did not want to work. Therefore, when he left, they did not give him not only money, but also a winter coat, they said: “You will die somewhere under the fence in this Moscow of yours!”

- Seriously! But that didn't seem to stop him, did it?

No. He had some money that he managed to save up during his work, he also took a loaf of bread and a few tomatoes - with this “luggage” he rushed to Moscow. There he entered the theater technical school, and at night he worked at the station - he unloaded wagons in order to earn some money for food. He then lived in the Arbat area, on the famous Dog playground, but he asked me to write letters to the nearest post office on demand - he was afraid: if the family sees such an address, they will decide that, as his parents predicted, he lives in a doghouse.

After graduating from a technical school, my father entered GITIS. It would seem that his dream came true! But he immediately lit up another - after seeing a performance with the participation of the great Kachalov, dad realized that he wanted to play on the stage of the Moscow Art Theater.

- And this dream also came true?

Yes, according to the results of graduation performances, he was accepted into the Moscow Art Theater by Stanislavsky and Nemirovich-Danchenko in a big competition. True, at that time they were not enrolled in the troupe, but in the auxiliary composition, but given the fact that out of 700 (!) Applicants only three young actors were taken, it was a great happiness. In the first two years, my father played two good roles, so he was lowered from the fourth floor, where there were dressing rooms for young people, to the second, where the “old people” were sitting. Thus began his work in the theater, which dad loved very much.

“TARASOVA SAID TO THE FATHER: “SEVochka, as long as the luminaries are alive, THEY WILL NOT GIVE YOU ANYTHING TO PLAY”

- Why did he leave the Moscow Art Theater a few years later?

Due to the creative lack of demand and the difficult financial situation associated with it: then the actors were not allowed to act in films (it was possible to earn some extra money only in the summer), the salaries were small, and there was no television, thanks to which you can improve your financial situation. My father worked on the radio, performed with concert numbers with his partner Elizaveta Auerbach (in acting circles she was called Raisin) - together they played Chekhov's "Baba" for many years.

My father could have played much more in the theater, but it didn’t work out. He recalled what story came out with the play "Hot Heart" by Ostrovsky, where dad had the role of the clerk Narkis. Suddenly, Yanshin, who brilliantly played Gradoboev, fell ill. Since dad had been busy in this performance for a long time, he knew all the roles by heart and literally in two rehearsals he was introduced instead of Yanshin. Dad got very interesting job, which was even noted by the order for the theater. If he had played this performance at least once more, he would have been put in line with Yanshin for this role - this was the rule then. But he, having learned about everything from "well-wishers", came to the next performance with a temperature of 38.5!

- It turns out that he was ready to die on stage, just not to give up his role?

From an acting point of view, all this is understandable and justified. But since Livanov, Belokurov, Gribov, Stanitsyn shone on the stage of the Moscow Art Theater, in addition to Yanshin, the actors who were not part of this cohort could wait for their roles until retirement.

The director of the theater at that time was the famous Alla Konstantinovna Tarasova, with whom we lived in the same house. Once they were returning home together, and her father decided to consult with her: “Alla Konstantinovna, I decided to leave the theater.” - “What happened, Sevochka? she asked. “Everyone treats you so well.” “You see,” he complained, “my wife is sick, I work alone, I live in a communal apartment (Tarasova herself had a four-room apartment), and I don’t have roles for which it would be worth closing my eyes to all this.” And she, after thinking, answered: “Unfortunately, Sevochka, you are probably right: as long as the Moscow Art Theater luminaries are alive, they will not let you play anything.” Dad left, and this was his salvation, and such brilliant actors as, for example, Gribkov and Muravyov, disappeared in this theater - who remembers them now?

- The cinema was more favorable to Vsevolod Vasilyevich ...

He first appeared on the screen in the film "Volga-Volga", where he played two tiny episodes - a young musician and an elderly bearded lumberjack on a steamer. The father recalled how he, then very young, was literally glued to his beard - so he played the first age role in his life.

But dad became really popular after a small role in Pyryev’s film “Beloved Girl”, he is incredibly handsome there - a thin and at the same time courageous face, a mop of black hair.

- How did he work with the master?

Pyryev was a complex, tough and unpredictable person. Dad recalled how one day on the set he was so angry with the laughter of young actors telling jokes behind the scenery that he ... chased them with a stick. Having caught up in the corridor, he swung at one of the actors, but did not hit, but threatened: “You will never act in films again!”. Then he turned to his father and said more calmly: “Well, you, perhaps, will.” Pyryev's word was law at Mosfilm, so no one else young actor did not see.

- After leaving the Moscow Art Theater, filmmakers vying with each other began to call Vsevolod Sanaev in their films?

Kalatozov immediately invited him to star in Pogodin's film The First Echelon, dedicated to the rise of virgin lands. The acting color of that time was occupied in the picture - Izolda Izvitskaya, Oleg Efremov, Elsa Lezhdey. Tatyana Doronina was also there, who did not have any relations with the actors or the film crew, so the director cut her very badly during editing, and even the artistic council intervened with censorship considerations. In general, one of the two series turned out. As a result, my father's role also suffered.

By the way, it was not he who told me about this story, but Ninochka Doroshina, who was then still very young and starred in films for the first time. It was in this picture that she fell in love with Oleg Efremov to death, whom she then continued to idolize all her life. Because of her feelings, she suffered very much, and her father consoled her as best he could.

- Vsevolod Vasilyevich is subject to all genres - from comedy to tragedy ...

And directors especially appreciated it. After the film adaptation of The Optimistic Tragedy, where he played Husky (after this film, even the yard boys met dad with words from his role: “They had syphilis twice!”), And the film “It was in the police” everyone started talking about the Sanaev phenomenon, - it became obvious that he was not just a good, but a great actor. True, dad at that time was already about 50 years old. He often told me: “We, the Sanaevs, are a talented people, we just have to wait for an opportunity to demonstrate it. It will definitely come, but you have to be ready for it.” Dad was always ready for his “cases”.

- And how did Vsevolod Vasilyevich himself relate to his roles?

He was a very modest and exacting person. When I asked him: “Dad, what do you think, how did you play?”, He always answered: “It's okay, Lel!”. He did not have any admiration for himself and rapture with his creative victories.

But the picture of Arthur Voitetsky "For the sake of boredom", which, by the way, was filmed at the Dovzhenko Film Studio, he singled out among his other works. There they were paired with Maya Bulgakova. Unfortunately, the film passed the second screen, few people saw it, but it was very good. Dad played an unsociable person who, on a dare, contacted a lonely woman. And she, thinking that everything between them was serious, did not survive such a betrayal - she hanged herself. Then the police series began, in which the father played the famous Colonel Zorin. Well, my father's favorite film is "White Dew". And the monologue that his hero Fedot utters at dawn: “Thank you, sunshine!”, Most of all corresponds to my father in life. Every time I listen to it, I cry at these words...

- Did your father have unfulfilled roles?

He was very sorry that he almost did not have to play in comedies, with the exception of Ryazanov's painting "Forgotten Melody for Flute". My father had an amazing sense of humor. When he told something funny, everyone around him died, and only sparks sparkled in his slightly swollen eyes - he never "split". In addition, for some reason, most often comedian actors, excuse me, have the appearance of idiots. The father could be funny, having a normal face.

- A special page in the life of Vsevolod Sanaev - Shukshin's films ...

Relations with Vasily Makarovich from his father did not develop immediately. When Shukshin called and offered him to play Bobyl in the film “Such a guy lives,” dad asked: “Who is the author of the script?” Shukshin replied: "I am." But since it was his first painting, his name did not mean anything to anyone at that time, dad refused. He was embarrassed by the fact that the man himself wrote the script and shoots it himself - it seemed to his father that this was somehow frivolous. But later, after seeing the picture, he met Vasily Makarovich at the film studio and said: “You know, I am very sorry that I refused to shoot with you - the film turned out wonderful. If henceforth there will be a role for me, even an episodic one, I will play with you with pleasure.

And Shukshin really invited him to his films “Your Son and Brother”, “Strange People”, where I played with my dad, and “Stoves and Benches”. When Vasily Makarovich was going to shoot "Stepan Razin", he told his dad: "Vasilyevich, there is a role for you!" But, unfortunately, everything went wrong. At first, he could not complete the script for a long time, and when he finally finished and went along the Volga to choose nature, an epidemic of cholera began. The painter of the painting, Pashkevich, fell ill, everyone was frightened, and the painting was slowed down. And poor Shukshin, who grew a beard twice for the role of Razin, never got a chance to play it. And soon, on the film "They fought for the Motherland", Vasily Makarovich died. The father was very upset by the departure of Shukshin, for him he was like a son.

"THEY HELP ME FROM THERE - AND DAD, AND MOM, AND ROLAN"

For 15 years, Vsevolod Sanaev was the secretary of the Union of Cinematographers. They say he never used his official position...

For myself - never! He never refused to help anyone, and we lived all our lives in a small kopeck piece, to which we moved after a communal apartment. And no matter how much his mother scolded him, she could not do anything with his integrity.

When being at home was completely unbearable, my father ran away to the next shooting or fishing - he was an avid winter fisherman. He had all the necessary equipment - a coat with fur, and chuni (these are such felt boots), and a chest on which you could sit on the ice, and spinning rods. Actors Vyacheslav Tikhonov and Nikolai Kryuchkov often traveled with him, the poet Leonid Derbenev - dad was friendly with them.

- Did you also have a difficult relationship with your parents?

I - happy man because I grew up in complete family and I had a loving and dearly beloved father. Although our relationship was not always smooth. Children often disappoint their parents, and so it seemed to my parents that I somehow didn’t live like that, didn’t arrange my personal life that way. But, fortunately, in the end they understood my choice and accepted our relationship with Roland and our family.

- Do you have relatives in Kyiv?

My grandmother, Daria Nesterovna Goncharenko, is buried at the Berkovets cemetery, and I visit her grave from time to time, support her, look after her. By the way, she loved her dad very much, such a good relationship between son-in-law and mother-in-law, as they had, is a rarity. And grandfather's grave is lost. He was buried at the Lukyanovka cemetery, which was demolished. The burial could have been moved, my mother sent the money necessary for this, but since no one - neither she nor her sister - could go to Kyiv, and my grandmother could not cope alone, the grave disappeared. And the guilt remains in my soul: it didn’t turn out godly.

My best memories are connected with Kyiv. When dad worked at the Moscow Art Theater, we didn’t have money to relax somewhere on the sea, so we went to Kyiv every summer. The house on Trekhsvyatitelskaya Street, where my mother’s family once lived, was bombed during the war, and grandparents were given a room in a communal apartment on Mikhailovskaya, apparently, a housekeeper once lived there, because she was between the kitchen and the toilet. Mom went to spend the night with her Kyiv friends, grandmother lay down on the floor, grandfather, who had emphysema and could not sleep on the floor, occupied the bed, I took the sofa. On the wide window sill stood bottles of liqueur, jars of jam, which my grandmother cooked in huge number. Then we took all this together with the Daneshta apples bought on the market to Moscow.

- It has been 15 years since Vsevolod Vasilyevich died ...

Dad is mine great love, which, despite the years, does not melt and does not go anywhere - it is in me, in my soul, in my heart. And you know, they help me from there - and dad, and mom, and Roland. When there are some desperate moments in life (and every person has them), it is remembered what they said and did in such situations. Either a phrase comes to mind, then a smile, then a joke. We're connected somehow invisible thread, I do not see her, but I know that she exists between us. Maybe it's my love for them that keeps me going? I don't know... But while you live, your loved ones don't leave.

It happens that in the morning there is simply no strength to get up, and immediately Roland appears before his eyes: the worse he felt, the more fun he was - he shaved, and dressed up, and sang songs, and went to work. And dad was the same - patient, tolerant, courageous, merciful. And very reliable. It was not for nothing that he, in his youth, tattooed an anchor on his arm, which he always covered up before going on stage. When we buried dad, I kissed him on this anchor ...

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I watched Bury Me Behind the Baseboard.
The film is surreal, radiating concentrated malice and hatred.
I was completely shocked by the finale of the film: a little Judas over the coffin of his grandmother whispers to his mother such that the mother becomes numb, realizing that the monster has already grown ...

The story was written by the grandson of Vsevolod Sanaev, a functionary from the Soviet cinema.
He lived with his wife for 50 years. Her name was Lydia Goncharenko, in the marriage of Sanaev, and she was once a philology student, brought by him to Moscow from a Kyiv tour even before the Second World War.

Sanaev's wife with her daughter Elena, who was born to them during the war.
Sanaev did not fight, he lived in evacuation.

Elena Sanaeva had a son, Pavel.
He is very similar to his mother. The lower lip is a copy, and this is an important sign))

Red, fleshy mouth with a prominent, curved lower lip

The lower lip lives its own life

Physiognomy

We determine the character of a person by his face

I will try to analyze the character of Pavel Sanaev by his face in order to explain to myself how such an "autobiographical" book could be written by a person who lived with his grandfather and grandmother from 4 to 11 years old.
If he lived in a normal, traditional family, with his mother and father, he would certainly have expressed himself in similar literature))

Cold heart (eyelids)
Pessimism (eyelids)
The lower lip protrudes above the upper - selfishness
If one corner of the mouth is higher than the other - a tendency to deceive.
Constantly twitching mouth - nervousness and agitation.
Mouth slanted to one side - nervousness, a tendency to sarcasm.
Unsteadily formed mouth, with corners curving downwards - a stormy character.
From what I read earlier, I remember that a person with a fat, shiny, protruding lower lip is ALWAYS DISSATISFIED, criticizes EVERYTHING, this is a heavy selfish pessimist.
PAVEL SANAEV'S LIP INHERITED FROM THE MOTHER EXPLAINS EVERYTHING. Including an "autobiographical" book.

Man's face - like open book. It says everything - eyebrows, eyes, mouth, every wrinkle. With age, faces change, but the most important features remain unchanged, and some begin to manifest themselves more clearly. It is believed that physiognomy is the most ancient science in the world and originated in China. Chinese physiognomists say that one can even read his fate from a person's face.

Hello dear blog readers BERGAMOT! Yesterday I decided to re-read the story "Bury Me Behind the Baseboard" , naturally, there was a desire to write their impressions about this ambiguous work.

It should be noted that the author of the bookPavel Sanaev , director and writer, is the son of a famous Soviet actressElena Sanaeva (Remember Lisa Alice from the movie "Pinocchio"?).Due to family circumstances (marriage of Sanaeva withRolan Bykov ) the boy's childhood passed in his grandmother's houseLydia Antonovna Sanaeva and actor Vsevolod Sanaev .

For seven years, the child was forced to live in an atmosphere of constant family scandals and disputes. Of course, this could not but leave a certain imprint on the formation of little Paul.

These facts make it possible to judge the autobigraphic nature of the work, despite the author's desire to slightly veil the real details, for example, by changing names and surnames. The story is a series of memories, sometimes mingling with each other, going at random, but, nevertheless, fully describing the world in which the hero exists.

It is important to note that the work is perceived and interpreted, as a rule, diametrically opposite: some see a lot of humor and irony in the description of the child's life, others note the cruelty that permeates the entire plot...

So, the story is told from the perspective of an eight-year-old boy:

“My name is Saveliev Sasha. I am in second grade and live with my grandparents. My mother traded me for a blood-drinking dwarf and hung me like a heavy cross on my grandmother's neck. So I've been hanging since the age of four" .

These lines immediately plunge us into the world of the Saveliev family, filled with shouting, scolding, insults, a world that seems terrible, unthinkable in its despotism. And I become understandable reaction those readers who saw a gloomy picture of bullying, humiliation, insults. But read the first words of the story again. Did you read it? Yes, these words are spoken by a child, but behind each of them is an adult. And the boy, like any child, full of spontaneity, only echoes what he hears every day about himself, about his mother, about people, often not delving into what he is saying, and simply not understanding, due to his age, the meaning of the words spoken. And here I begin to understand those whose work makes me smile. Some details of the story are also quite ironic, for example, the bathing story, or the grandmother's forgetfulness about the places to store money, or a visit to a homeopath.

"- Hello Hello! - an elderly homeopath greeted me and my grandmother.

- Forgive me, for God's sake, for God's sake! Grandma apologized as she crossed the threshold. - Grandfather didn’t take the car, I had to take the subway.

“Nothing, nothing,” the homeopath readily excused himself and, leaning towards me, asked: “You, then, are Sasha?”

— I am.

- Why are you, Sash, so thin?

When they told me about thinness, I was always offended, but I restrained myself and endured. I would have endured this time too, but when my grandmother and I left the house, one of the elevator attendants said to the other in an undertone:

“Here it is, poor thing. Again the consumption of this led to the doctor.

All my restraint went into not responding to the "consumptive" of any of my grandmother's combinations, and it was no longer enough for a homeopath.

- Why do you have such big ears? I asked with resentment, pointing my finger at the homeopath's ears, which really made him look like an elderly Cheburashka.

The homeopath choked.

“Pay no attention, Aron Moiseevich! Grandmother got excited. "He's sick in the head!" Well, apologize quickly!

“Since I’m sick, there’s nothing to apologize for!” the homeopath laughed. “I’ll apologize when we’re cured.” Let's go to the office.

The walls of the study were hung with old clocks, and, wanting to show his admiration, he respectfully said:

- And you have something to steal.

- Wow! Yes, there is even more!

“Idiot, what to do…” the grandmother reassured the choking homeopath again…”

Of course, we can talk endlessly about the fact that a child cannot live in an atmosphere of endless harassment and abuse, cannot live without a mother, and I, of course, cannot but agree with this ...

“Cursed Gizel, hateful Tatar! Grandmother shouted, militantly shaking her reflector and clapping the palm of her other hand on her steaming skirt. “Curse you by heaven, God, earth, birds, fish, people, seas, air!” - It was my grandmother's favorite curse. - So that only misfortunes rained down on your head! So that you see nothing but retribution!

- Get out, you bastard!

Again the combination is already in my address.

- Damn you…

Favorite Curse.

- So that you end your life in prison ...

Combination.

“May you rot in the hospital alive!” So that your liver, kidneys, brain, heart wither! To be devoured by staphylococcus aureus ...

Combination.

- Get undressed!

An unheard of combination."

But it is important to understand the motives of adult behavior ...

I read many reviews and reviews of this book, in which they felt sorry for the boy, complained about his unfortunate fate, worried about the mother, who was deprived of the opportunity to see her child as often as she would like, scolded the crazy grandmother and henpecked grandfather, who agreed with her in everything , talked about personality psychotypes, etc. But never once did I come across a single word dedicated to a much more terrible tragedy. It is in the life story of Nina Antonovna Savelyeva, a grandmother, as Sashenka calls her, that the reasons for what we saw on the pages of the story lie.

I was struck to the depths of my soul by the terrible fate of this heroine, understanding which, you can understand everything. Very young, she, having fallen in love, leaves her native Kyiv, moves to a small room in a communal apartment, where she lives with her husband and newborn son Alyoshenka. With the outbreak of war, despite all the exhortations, her husband Semyon Mikhailovich sends her to evacuate to Alma-Ata, where she is settled in an unheated room with an icy earthen floor, where she soon dies of diphtheria little son. And she, all sick, having sold all her things, goes to her husband ... For support, for understanding, for attention and care, which she never felt from him. Therefore, when her daughter Olya was born, an unexpected and very expensive gift, she threw all her strength into protecting her child. Nina Antonovna began to overprotect her daughter, she wanted to make a real person out of her, to invest all the unspent love and tenderness, she dreamed that her child would be the most intelligent, talented, beautiful, happy. Therefore, the girl’s growing up was so difficult, therefore she languished from her mother’s despotism, striving to stand apart, gain independence, therefore Olya’s choice caused stupid aggression and rejection in her mother, therefore she called her daughter’s husband a bloodsucker dwarf, because she didn’t see her like that for her perfect couple, therefore, she selected Sashenka, judging, to make from her grandson what did not work out from her daughter. This is where the curses that fall on the heads of the heroes, tantrums, screams, persecution mania, closedness, isolation of existence, the desire to hide every ruble, bribe, appease ... From hopelessness, from impotence, from all-consuming loneliness, from longing and misfortune ... There is not a single soul, who would listen, regret, understand this unfortunate old woman ... She does not cause anger and rage for her actions in me, I feel immensely sorry for her. It seemed to me that throughout the book I was present at a huge human tragedy ...