Composition: Analysis of Mayakovsky's poem A good attitude towards horses. Analysis of the poem good attitude towards horses

Poem by V. V. Mayakovsky " Good relationship to horses” was written in 1918 – a period when the creator was already recognized, but not yet understood. Exactly this emotional condition inspired him to create this lyrical cry of a misunderstood soul, which still does not give up and wants to create for the benefit of people.

The poet was overwhelmed with work, tried to help the new government, but no matter what he did, he still felt like an outcast of society, so he expressed his feelings in the form of a draft horse, which the crowd makes fun of. The meaning of the work “Good attitude towards horses” is that she also lacked participation and support, like the lonely Mayakovsky. However, both the author and the lyrical heroine selflessly and selflessly work for the sake of people, and they respond to them with rude and unfair treatment. But he, nevertheless, urges the horse not to despair and go further in order to help humanity, although it does not realize the greatness of this sacrifice.

The author compares himself to a downtrodden mare who has become the subject of ridicule. The lyrical hero says that all people are like this animal, they stumble and fall painfully, but having fallen, one should not be upset and give up everything. We must continue to fight and live, and even the horse at the end of the poem gathers all its strength, gets up and continues to go.

Genre, meter and neologisms

The author writes his poem in colloquial style, so the genre of the lyric poem takes on new shades and looks different. Mayakovsky's poetry is not similar to traditional lyrics, even in the chosen poetic size - a short flight of stairs, and not the generally accepted iambic or trochee. Therefore, we can say that this work belongs to the tonic system of versification.

Thanks to such artistic techniques as alliteration and sound painting, we understand how hard it was for the horse to walk, how painful it was to fall.

Topics and issues

It is well known that Mayakovsky was a humanist and accepted with great zeal October revolution. He had high hopes for her and believed that she would help change society. The main theme of the verse is love for a simple animal that symbolizes the working class. The poet respected ordinary workers and their work.

The problems of indifference and rigidity of people to the pain of one who has fallen and cannot rise are also touched upon by the poet. Those for whom the horse labored did not even want to help her get up. They laughed at her grief, just as once the bourgeoisie did not take seriously the troubles of the workers and peasants.

The theme of kindness shows that a word of sympathy is enough for any living being, and then it will rise to its feet and begin to work with a vengeance. It is necessary not to pass by someone else's misfortune, but to show attention to those who feel bad.

Main idea

The monologue of the lyrical hero about the similarity of a man and a horse evokes a feeling of sadness. But, thanks to friendly support, the mare overpowers herself and still rises. Do not give up, the author believes, even if the clouds are gathering and it seems that no one needs you and your work.

Although the poem has a bright revolutionary overtones, in it the author, first of all, shows humanism and reveals his kind, compassionate nature. The main idea of ​​the poem is that one should not pass by someone who needs help. You need to at least support him in difficult times, because we are all alike, no one is immune from life's failures and fatal accidents. The speech of the protagonist touches the hearts of people and helps to understand that responsiveness and sensitivity to others are necessary in life.

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Historical and biographical material-Mayakovsky's poem "A good attitude towards horses" was written in 1918.

presenter theme-To animals should be treated the same way as people, meaning not to humiliate and the like. And also the phrase "We are all a bit of a horse", that is, a man and a horse are similar - a man plows like a horse, his life can be just as difficult.

The lyrical plot - a horse falls, those around them begin to laugh, all but one young man.

He tries to comfort the horse. And then the phrase "We are all a bit of a horse" appears, uttered as I understand it by a horse, which means the phrase I mentioned above.

The prevailing mood and its changes - the mood throughout the poem is sad, compassionate.

The main images are the image of a horse, a laughing people, a young man.

Figurative means-metaphors: laughter began to chirp, melancholy came out, the street overturned. Neologisms: experience, flare, flare, tinkled, behind the chapel of the chapel.

Alliteration - mushroom, rob, coffin.

Rhyming lines - red child, foal.

Experience shod. For onlookers onlookers. Hooves-bud.

Problems - the people mocked and actually humiliated the animal, although he himself could well get into the same situation.

Size - the size of the poem by Vladimir Mayakovsky is quite difficult to determine, but I tried to do it. Since the stress falls on the first syllable, we can assume that this is a dactyl.

How often in life a person needs support, even just a kind word. As they say, a kind word is also pleasant for a cat. However, sometimes it is very difficult to find mutual understanding with the outside world. It was this topic - the confrontation between man and the crowd - that the early poems of the futurist poet Vladimir Mayakovsky were devoted to.
In 1918, during the severe trials for the young Soviet republic, in the days when other poets, such as Alexander Blok, called:

Revolutionary keep step!
The restless enemy does not sleep!

It was at such a time that Mayakovsky wrote a poem with an unexpected title - "Good attitude towards horses" to which the analysis is dedicated.

This work immediately amazes with abundance alliteration. At the core plot- the fall of an old horse, which caused not only the lively curiosity of the crowd, but even the laughter of onlookers who surrounded the place of the fall. Therefore, alliteration helps to hear the clatter of the old nag's hooves ( "Mushroom. Rob. Coffin. Rough."), and the sounds of a crowd eager for a spectacle ( "Laughter rang and tinkled", "for onlookers onlookers").

It is important to note that the sounds that imitate the heavy gait of a nag simultaneously carry a semantic coloring: a kind of call is especially clearly perceived. "Rob" combined with words "coffin" and "rude". In the same way, the tinkling laughter of onlookers, "flare the pants of those who came to Kuznetsk", merges into a single howl, reminiscent of a flock of portages. This is where it appears lyrical hero, which the "one voice did not interfere with the howl", a hero who sympathized with a horse that not only fell, but "crashed" because he saw "horse eyes".

What did the hero see in those eyes? Longing for simple human participation? In the work of M. Gorky “Old Woman Izergil”, Larra, who rejected people, since he himself was the son of an eagle, did not begin to live without them, and when he wanted to die, he could not, and the author wrote: “There was so much longing in his eyes that one could poison all the people of the world with it." Perhaps it was just the same in the eyes of the unfortunate horse, but those around did not see this, although she cried:

Behind the chapel of the chapel
rolls in the face,
hiding in fur...

The sympathy in the hero turned out to be so strong that he felt "some general animal longing". It is this universality that allows him to declare: “Baby, we are all a little horse, each of us is a horse in his own way”. Indeed, did not everyone have days when failures pursued one after another? Didn't you want to drop everything and give up? And someone even wanted to lay hands on themselves.

How to help in such a situation? Support, say words of consolation, sympathy, which is what the hero does. Of course, as he speaks his words of encouragement, he realizes that “maybe she was old and didn’t need a nanny”, after all, not everyone is pleased when there are witnesses of his momentary weakness or failure. However, the words of the hero worked miraculously: the horse is not just "got to her feet, neighed and went". She also wagged her tail "red child"!), because I felt like a foal again, full of energy and as if starting to live again.

Therefore, the poem ends with a life-affirming conclusion: “It was worth living, and it was worth working”. Now it is clear that the title of the poem “Good attitude towards horses” is perceived in a completely different way: Mayakovsky, of course, had in mind a good attitude towards all people.

In 1918, when fear, hatred, general anger reigned around, only a poet could feel a lack of attention to each other, a lack of love, a lack of sympathy and mercy. Not without reason, in a letter to Lilya Brik in May 1918, he defined the concept of his future work as follows: “I don’t write poetry, although I really want to write something heartfelt about a horse.”

The poem actually turned out to be very heartfelt, largely due to the traditional for Mayakovsky artistic means. This and neologisms: "opita", "flare", "chapel", "bad". This and metaphors: "street turned over", "laughter ringing", "sadness poured out". And, of course, this rhyme is, first of all, inaccurate, since Mayakovsky preferred it. In his opinion, inaccurate rhyme always gives rise to an unexpected image, association, idea. Here in this poem rhymes "flare - horse", "wool - rustle", "bad - a horse" give rise to an infinite number of images, causing each reader to have their own perception and mood.

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Vladimir Mayakovsky's poem "A Good Attitude to Horses" was created by a young futurist poet after the revolution, in 1918. Feeling like an outcast in the society around him, Mayakovsky accepted the revolution with great enthusiasm, hoping for significant changes, both in his life and in life. ordinary people, however, he soon became disillusioned with her ideals, concluding for himself that although the political system had changed, the majority of people remained the same. Stupidity, rigidity, treachery and ruthlessness remained a priority for the majority of representatives of almost all social classes, and it was impossible to do anything about it. The new state, which promotes the primacy of equality and justice, was to Mayakovsky's liking, only the people around him, causing him suffering and pain, often received in response to his malicious ridicule and caustic jokes, which acted as a defensive reaction of the young poet to the insults of the crowd.

Problems of the work

The poem was created by Mayakovsky after he himself witnessed how on the icy pavement of the Kuznetsk bridge "a horse crashed on its croup." In his characteristically straightforward manner, he shows the reader how this happened and describes how the crowd that came running reacted to this, for which this incident seemed very comical and funny: “Laughter rang and tinkled: - The horse fell! The horse has fallen! Kuznetsky laughed.

And only one author, who happened to be passing by, did not want to become part of the crowd hooting and making fun of the poor creature. He was struck by the "animal longing" that lurked in the depths of the horse's eyes, and he wanted to somehow support and cheer up the poor animal. Mentally, he asked her to stop crying and consoled her with the words: “Baby, we are all a little horse, each of us is a horse in our own way.”

And the red mare, as if sensing and understanding his kindness and warm participation in her fate, rises to her feet and moves on. The words of support that she received from a random passerby give her the strength to overcome her problems, she again feels young and energetic, ready to continue hard, sometimes overwhelming hard labor: “And everything seemed to her - she was a foal, and it was worth living, and it was worth working ".

Composition and artistic techniques

To convey the atmosphere of tragic loneliness, the author uses various artistic techniques: sound writing (transferring a description of an object through the sounds it makes) - the sound of horse hooves "mushroom, rob, coffin, rude", alliteration - the repetition of consonant sounds [l], [g], [p ], [b] to create for readers a sound picture of a clattering horse walking along the city pavement, assonance - the repetition of vowels [y], [and], [a] helps to betray the sounds of the crowd “The horse fell! The horse fell!”, horse cries of pain and cries of onlookers.

Mayakovsky's work is especially sensual and original due to the use of neologisms (flare, chapel, experience, bad), as well as vivid metaphors (the street turned over, longing poured out, laughter rang out). The poem is rich in various rhymes:

• Truncated inaccurate(bad - a horse, an onlooker - tinkled), according to Mayakovsky, it led to unexpected associations, the appearance of atypical images and ideas, which he really liked;
• unequal(wool - rustle, stall - worth it);
• Composite(howl to him - in his own way, I alone - horses);
• Homonemic(went - adjective, went - verb).

Mayakovsky compared himself with this driven, old horse, whose problems are laughed at and mocked by everyone who is too lazy. Like this red working mare, he needed simple human participation and understanding, dreamed of the most ordinary attention to his personality, which would help him live, give strength, energy and inspiration to go forward along his difficult and sometimes very thorny creative path.

It's a pity, but inner world the poet, distinguished by depth, fragility and inconsistency, was not particularly interested in anyone, even his friends, which later led to tragic death poet. But in order to get at least a little friendly participation, to deserve simple human understanding and warmth, Mayakovsky was not even against changing places with an ordinary horse.

The writing

It seems to me that there is not and cannot be people who are indifferent to poetry. When we read poems in which the authors share their thoughts and feelings with us, talk about joy and sadness, delight and sorrow, we suffer, experience, dream and rejoice with them. I think that such a strong reciprocal feeling awakens in people when reading poems because it is the poetic word that embodies the deepest meaning, the greatest capacity, maximum expressiveness and emotional coloring of extraordinary power.

Even V. G. Belinsky noted that a lyrical work can neither be retold nor interpreted. When reading poetry, we can only dissolve in the feelings and experiences of the author, enjoy the beauty of the poetic images he creates and listen with rapture to the unique musicality of beautiful poetic lines.

Thanks to the lyrics, we can understand, feel and recognize the personality of the poet himself, his mental attitude, his worldview.

Here, for example, Mayakovsky's poem "Good attitude towards horses", written in 1918. The works of this period are of a rebellious nature: mocking and dismissive intonations are heard in them, the poet’s desire to be “alien” in an alien world is felt, but it seems to me that behind all this lies the vulnerable and lonely soul of a romantic and maximalist.

Passionate striving for the future, the dream of transforming the world - the main motive of all Mayakovsky's poetry. First appearing in his early poems, changing and developing, he passes through all his work. The poet is desperately trying to draw the attention of all people living on Earth to the problems that concern him, to wake up the inhabitants who do not have high spiritual ideals. He calls on people to sympathize, empathize, sympathize with those who are nearby. It is indifference that the poet denounces in the poem "Good attitude towards horses." In my opinion, no one can describe the ordinary phenomena of life as expressively as Mayakovsky, in just a few words. Here, for example, the street. The poet uses only six words, and what an expressive picture they paint!

* Experienced by the wind,
* shod with ice,
* the street slipped.

Reading these lines, I see in reality a winter windswept street, an icy road along which a horse gallops, confidently clapping its hooves. Everything moves, everything lives, nothing is at rest.

And suddenly the horse fell. It seems to me that everyone who is near her should freeze for a moment, and then immediately rush to help. I want to shout: “People! Stop, because someone is unhappy next to you! But no, the indifferent street continues to move, and only

* for onlookers onlookers,
* trousers that came to Kuznetsk to flare,
*huddled together
*Laughter rang and tinkled:
* The horse has fallen!
* The horse fell! ..

Together with the poet, I am ashamed of these people who are indifferent to the grief of others; I understand his dismissive attitude towards them, which he expresses with his main weapon - in a word: their laughter unpleasantly “tinkles”, and the rumble of voices is similar to “howl”. Mayakovsky opposes himself to this indifferent crowd, he does not want to be part of it:

* Kuznetsky laughed.
* Only one me
* his voice did not interfere with his howl.
* Approached
* and see
* horse eyes.

Even if the poet ended his poem with this last line, he, in my opinion, would have already said a lot. His words are so expressive and weighty that any person would see in the "horse's eyes" bewilderment, pain and fear. I would have seen and helped, because it is impossible to pass by when the horse

* behind the chapel of the chapel
* rolls in the face,
* hides in wool. Mayakovsky turns to the horse, comforting her as he would comfort a friend:
* "Horse, don't.
* Horse, listen -
* why do you think that you are worse than them? .. "
* The poet affectionately calls her "baby" and says piercingly beautiful words filled with philosophical meaning:
* ... we are all a little horses,
* each of us is a horse in his own way.
* And an encouraged, self-confident animal gains a second wind:
* ... the horse rushed,
* got up on the irgi,
*neighs and walks off.

At the end of the poem, Mayakovsky no longer denounces indifference and selfishness, he ends it life-affirming. The poet, as it were, says: “Do not give in to difficulties, learn to overcome them, believe in yourself, and everything will be fine!” And it seems to me that the horse hears it.

*Wag her tail. Red child.
* Came cheerful, became a stall.
* And everything seemed to her - she is a foal,
* and it was worth living, and it was worth working.

I was very moved by this poem. It seems to me that it cannot leave anyone indifferent! I think that everyone should read it thoughtfully, because if they do this, then on Earth there will be much less selfish, evil and indifferent to other people's misfortune!