Why is the sky blue and the sunset red? Where is the orange sunset.

One of distinguishing features man is curiosity. Probably everyone, as a child, looked at the sky and wondered: “why is the sky blue?”. As it turns out, the answers to such seemingly simple questions require some knowledge in the field of physics, and therefore not every parent will be able to correctly explain to the child the reason for this phenomenon.

Consider this question from a scientific point of view.

Wavelength range electromagnetic radiation covers almost the entire spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, which includes radiation visible to humans. The image below shows the dependence of the intensity of solar radiation on the wavelength of this radiation.

Analyzing this image, one can note the fact that visible radiation is also represented by uneven intensity for radiation of different wavelengths. So a relatively small contribution to the visible radiation gives the violet color, and the largest - blue and green colors.

Why the sky is blue?

First of all, we are led to this question by the fact that air is a colorless gas and should not emit blue light. It is obvious that the cause of such radiation is our star.

As is known, White light in fact, it is a combination of radiation of all colors of the visible spectrum. Using a prism, you can explicitly decompose light into the entire range of colors. A similar effect occurs in the sky after rain and forms a rainbow. When the sunlight hits earth's atmosphere, it begins to dissipate, i.e. radiation changes its direction. However, the peculiarity of the composition of air is such that when light enters it, radiation with a short wavelength is scattered more than long-wave radiation. Thus, taking into account the spectrum shown earlier, it can be seen that red and orange light will practically not change its trajectory, passing through the air, while violet and blue radiation will noticeably change their direction. For this reason, a kind of "wandering" short-wave light appears in the air, which is constantly scattered in this medium. As a result of the described phenomenon, it seems that short-wave radiation of the visible spectrum (violet, cyan, blue) is emitted at every point in the sky.

The well-known fact of the perception of radiation is that the human eye can catch, see, radiation only if it directly hits the eye. Then, looking at the sky, you will most likely see shades of that visible radiation, the wavelength of which is the smallest, since it is this that is scattered in the air best of all.

Why don't you see a distinctly red color when you look at the Sun? Firstly, a person is unlikely to be able to carefully examine the Sun, since intense radiation can damage the visual organ. Secondly, despite the existence of such a phenomenon as the scattering of light in the air, nevertheless most of The light emitted by the Sun reaches the Earth's surface without being scattered. Therefore, all the colors of the visible spectrum of radiation are combined, forming light with a more pronounced white color.

Let us return to the light scattered by the air, the color of which, as we have already determined, should have the smallest wavelength. Of the visible radiation, violet has the shortest wavelength, followed by blue, and blue has a slightly longer wavelength. Taking into account the uneven intensity of solar radiation, it becomes clear that the contribution purple scanty. Therefore, the largest contribution to the radiation scattered by the air is blue, followed by blue.

Why is the sunset red?

In the case when the Sun hides behind the horizon, we can observe the same long-wave radiation of red-orange color. In this case, the light from the Sun must travel a noticeably greater distance in the Earth's atmosphere before reaching the observer's eyes. In the place where the radiation of the Sun begins to interact with the atmosphere, the most pronounced are blue and blue colors. However, with distance, shortwave radiation loses its intensity, as it is significantly scattered along the way. While longwave radiation does an excellent job of overcoming such large distances. This is why the Sun is red at sunset.

As mentioned earlier, although long-wave radiation is weakly scattered in air, there is still scattering. Therefore, being on the horizon, the Sun emits light, from which only radiation reaches the observer red-orange shades, which has time to dissipate somewhat in the atmosphere, forming the previously mentioned "stray" light. The latter paints the sky in variegated shades of red and orange.

Why are clouds white?

Speaking of clouds, we know that they are made up of microscopic droplets of liquid that scatter visible light almost uniformly, regardless of the wavelength of the radiation. Then the scattered light, directed in all directions from the droplet, is scattered again on other droplets. In this case, the combination of radiation of all wavelengths is preserved, and the clouds "glow" (reflect) in white.

If the weather is cloudy, then solar radiation reaches the Earth's surface in small quantities. In the case of large clouds, or a large number of them, some fraction sunlight is absorbed, because the sky dims and takes on a gray color.

Orange, orange kitten
Went to the street for a walk.
Orange, orange kitten
So he wants to know the world as soon as possible.

Orange sun outside
Meets him with a gentle beam.
Orange butterfly kitten
Greets with an orange wing.

Suddenly in front of him is a huge red dog
Showing his teeth menacingly appears.
Orange kitten wrinkled its nose
And the dog gives a paw with a smile.

And the doggie, amazed, sat on his tail,
Orange completely became from shame.
And yapping: “Be a friend, red cat.
Let's not...

Orange sea buckthorn bush
Reminds me of a time long ago
When we're in an orange glare
Orange sang about the main thing.

In orange skies everywhere
Orange moms and dads
Orange sang, camel,
In orange light guys.

Through the snow to us early spring
Orange sea buckthorn bush
It burns and beckons with a dream
On a clear March day, quiet.

Orange juice with flavor
spring color on white,
In beautiful beads parade
Nature has invested skillfully.

We drink chill generous summer
And the autumns are ripe...

Sunsets don't show horror
They are the heirs of all our inspirations.
sunsets complete long haul,
Increasing the wisdom of all eclipses.
In the sunset you can see the whole result of passions,
Which, in fact, never happened.
The sunset will calmly spend this day,
Will quietly cover the dark veil.

And each of us attracts the sunset
That marvelous power of satisfaction,
That the whirlpool will end the day,
Does not generate a drop of chagrin.

The sunset over the Don again bent
And filled with beauty here ...
He paints his picture
A wondrous dawn in the sky...
Reflection in the Don
As it used to be in the old days...
The sunset got so hot
Like the earth is on fire
Fire went up to the sky
Smoke covered the sky
And it became warm on the Don ...
Silence beauty and grace
Water is like a mirror...
Highlights the beauty of nature
And marvelous sunsets, vaults ...
That's how strong nature is in the world
Writes like an artist in a painting...
That everyone will admire her
FROM...

My sun has set
Tired faithful horse;
And from the face of fate the path
Won't rub your hand.

And old wounds on the heart
You can't take care of:
My sun has set
Boots worn out.

And in the morning, red morning
Do not go with you to the meadows.
My sun has set
The head became white.

Became a white kruchinushka,
The soul became white.
And on a white-white cloud
I float away.

Sunset gentle gusts
at the feet the surf rustles playfully
the wind touches my hair
and I, with a vulnerable soul, step into the abyss of my dreams
I wander along the shore dreaming
and again the inexorable wave will whisper gentle impulses
about the caresses of your playful lips.
And the secret body odor is washed away by wave after wave.
The surf still roars playfully,
the moon has changed the sunset.
And the body is waiting inexorably for those caresses that were in the morning.
And the hands that caress you...

Sunset gentle gusts
at the feet the surf rustles playfully
the wind will touch my hair
in...

Good day, dear readers of my review.
I decided to write about the village (settlement, as it is now called), in which my barefoot childhood passed.
Borisovo. About 10 km from the city of Mozhaisk towards the city of Vereya.
A great place for summer residents and gardeners.
The village is located on a mountain, a river flows below.

River "Protva".
Once, about 20 years ago, it was wide, but now it has become smaller.
But still, people swim here in the summer.

But there are practically no fish, only small perches.

In the post-war years, a dam stood at this place, the volume of water was much larger.

The morning sun smiles at us in the mirror of the river.

The river bank is a favorite place for young people, often here you can feel the aroma of freshly cooked shish kebab.

But I prefer the aroma of bird cherry, which grows near the river.

I have memories of my youth associated with these flowers, nostalgia rolls in, although, in general, I am not sentimental.

"Mysterious world, my ancient world
You, like the wind, calmed down and sat down.
Here they squeezed the village by the neck
Highway Stone Hands!"
The bridge across the river is strong. Concrete.

The magnificent views of our Russian nature make you think about many things...

The river bank is a great place to relax for visitors of all ages.

Huge and powerful trees grow on the mountains of the village.

With the roads between the mountains, it's really a problem, but it's like everywhere else in Russia.
I am no longer surprised by anything.

The road leads to the church.

On the far hill there is a monument to the soldiers of the Great Patriotic War.

Blessed memory to them.

The church is very beautiful, this is the merit of our priest.

Raising it from scratch is a HUGE merit.
The patrons of our village are Saints Boris and Gleb.

I’ll write a separate review about her, so far only a few photos, I don’t want to deviate from the main topic.
RP is one for the whole village.
Electricians (like me) will understand.

However, we also have a pond.
A good pond: where they catch, there is a rod ...)

Silty bottom, fish are caught here.

In the evening I love to walk along the beach.
But in any village you have to not only relax, but also "work hard":

Then to feed and feed the family all year round.

"Oh, collective farm work is hard..." as Yuri Khoi, the soloist of one of my favorite musical groups, sang.
Many of our neighbors decorate their gardens with these miniature animal figurines.
Badgers, bears, etc.

And owls.

which are sold at the local store.
Our garden is full of gorgeous flowers.

Especially the tulips.

You can write about our region for a very long time, but I will limit myself to brief words.

Ladies and gentlemen, come to Borisovo, see our nature.
Walk through the morning dew.
Take a deep breath of our clean air.
I have no doubt you will like it very much.
Thanks for reading my humble review.
All the best to you.

The color revolutions that swept through a number of former republics of the USSR are now ending with a predictable outcome - they look like a political picture of former leaders. The last example is Georgia, where the power is changing. What kind of process are we witnessing - an orange sunset or just a change of court painters?

Damaged showcase
Konstantin ZATULIN,
director of the Institute of the CIS countries:

It's fine.

"What exactly?" the reader will ask.

“Youth, Georgia and freedom,” I will answer, having lost my memory for a while under the impression of the victory of the opposition in the parliamentary elections in the “country of the first Europeans”.
I am not exaggerating at all and I am serious, stating that I envy M. Ganapolsky and KO from the bottom of my heart, who managed to sing "a wonderful property of Georgian citizens - the ability not only to dream of happiness, but also to build it without fear of anything." I have not been able to keep the mind of a six-year-old child so intact.

However, the point here is rather different: just as Carthage should be destroyed, so everything in the sublunary world, including the elections in Georgia, is a reason to castigate the "hated Putin regime." Saakashvili won - a fig under Putin's nose, the triumph of a great reformer who is not afraid of Russia. Lost - you have to learn from Georgia, "where the leader of the ruling party admits his defeat, declares that he will help elect a speaker, and goes into opposition as the current president." So writes M. Ganapolsky in the article "Georgian Happiness". ("MK", ​​3.10.12).

An unworthy reception is to try to open Romeo's eyes to Juliet's imperfections, as well as to confuse the lover's belief that the object of his passion will go into opposition, remaining the current president. In fact, as a result of the elections in Georgia, a dual power is emerging, i.e. an equation both sides of which tend to destroy it. This is not a result, but a prologue, and what is happening after the elections - allusions to impeachment and a complete change of persons in power, immediately recalled by their author B. Ivanishvili - once again confirm this.
The truth is that Saakashvili wanted something completely different. But the fact that he is not the hero of a novel for most Georgians has been known since at least 2007, when he twice dispersed the opposition on the streets in a day, introduced the townspeople to high-quality imported tear gas, and laid the employees of the Imedi TV company face down on the floor on the air . About August
I don't say 2008: try it on, how long would a politician who made such a failure as Saakashvili remain the first person in a truly free country?

The West did not allow Georgia to overthrow him, so as not to jeopardize the storefront created with its own money, but the search for a new messiah began. Saakashvili's closest associates, among whom I would like to single out V. Merabishvili, understood this very well. I think they appreciated that the West, as the main shareholder of Republic of Georgia LLC, did not support either the option of an indefinite presidency or castling of Saakashvili as prime minister. It is no coincidence that a scandal broke out on the eve of the elections with the exposure of torture in prisons; as a result, the ministers personally devoted to Saakashvili resigned, and Merabishvili, the longtime master of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, remained on the sidelines. Today's ostentatious humility of Saakashvili is a good face bad game. The retinue does not play the king, but the Moor, who must leave.

All this has little to do with the prospects for Russian-Georgian relations. Worse than they are, they can not be. It can be predicted that we are on the threshold of their normalization. Formal - the return of ambassadors, the resumption of flights, etc. There is no doubt that Borjomi and Khvanchkara want to return to us. But were we allies with Georgia when we flew to each other without transfers, and the ambassadors flattered their pride at high-society parties near Borjomi and Khvanchkara?

Alas. The track to the West, dug over the past years, is too deep to get out of it. The politicians of Georgia are not able to abandon the myth of "one and indivisible", as we do in Russia or as de Gaulle once did in France. The cards are dealt, the game continues.

How should you change?
Dmitry RURIKOV,
Russian Institute for Strategic Studies:

Georgia has a new parliament. In Ukraine, at the end of October, the elections of deputies to the Verkhovna Rada, the outcome of which is difficult to predict. Unrest in Kyrgyzstan - again a rebellion in the capital, not everything is clear who is behind this and what to do. Ahead are new elections in the CIS - and new guaranteed deceived expectations for those in Russia who, after every major event in the near abroad, hope that now relations with Moscow will go as they should. It's unrealistic. It is enough to listen to the leader of the "Georgian Dream", who won the parliamentary elections, B. Ivanishvili: the main vector is the United States, and Georgia, as before, is striving for NATO and the EU.

It is useful to look at the situation through the eyes of a politician of any post-Soviet state. After the agreements on the collapse of the USSR in Viskuli, which immediately brought down the economy, finances and social protection of the Soviet republics and, as it turned out, burdened them with a heavy burden of sovereignty, how can such a politician look at Russia - the head of the apocalyptic Belovezhskaya troika?

Divorce in the USSR was very cruel, in the 90s the most optimistic CIS summits gave a dry residue: survive, dear former brothers, as best you can. "Big Brother" turned into a rather tough and stingy partner, although maintaining and developing relations with the CIS countries was declared a priority area. In such a situation, how not to accept and not welcome the help or support of America, China, European countries, Turkey, how not to create a good climate for them to promote their interests? Sovereign independent states have the right to freely do what they see fit, including through military cooperation. I do not like? Where did it all come from?

Today's post-Soviet space is a complex intertwining of realities. These are completely different states and societies than 20 years ago. Here, much more energetically than in Russia itself, they are building a national identity, the struggle for survival continues (the successful multiply assets), the CIS countries are open to the world, they are globalizing, the West (USA, Europe) and the East (China) are fighting for influence in this part of Eurasia, in elites have developed pro-American, pro-European, etc. groupings.

Russia? One of the players in the geopolitical space of the CIS. A large, sometimes main trading partner, employs millions of guest workers who feed millions of families. Special relations in politics, human and cultural ties with Russia are mainly the lot of people of the older and middle generation, young people often do not know the Russian language - it is not taught in all schools.

For many in the CIS, Russia is not very attractive, but you have to deal with it - it's close, it's rich, making money in Russia is easier than anywhere else. But in order to change the attitude towards Russia, Russia must change itself. The image of an older brother in the past. Maybe take the image as a basis older sister- smart, fair, kind and at the same time demanding?

Learning Lessons
Georgy TSAGOLOV,
Doctor of Economic Sciences:

Good-neighborliness can be quickly spoiled, it is much more difficult to establish. Under Saakashvili, anti-Russian sentiments were planted among the Georgians, they took root. The victory of the "Georgian Dream" does not portend imminent radical changes. The stumbling block is the independent states of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Accusing Saakashvili of unleashing a war with Russia in 2008, Ivanishvili does not remove the task of "restoring Georgia's territorial integrity."

Saakashvili carried out constitutional changes with the aim of taking in 2013 after the presidential elections the post of prime minister, which becomes the main one, but fell into a trap. Many people in Georgia are tired of his ten-year rule with a lot of quirks and failures. And not only in Georgia. And then there are the facts of bullying in prisons! The West came to the conclusion: Saakashvili is not the right partner.

Having won, Ivanishvili announced that he would make his first foreign visit to the United States, while maintaining the course towards integration with the EU and NATO. True, at the same time he spoke about the need to improve relations with Russia, expand trade, economic and cultural ties.

But that won't be easy either. Ivanishvili's opponents in Saakashvili's team do not stop presenting him as a "tool of the Kremlin". Rumors are circulating in the Georgian media that he made his $6.4 billion in Russia with the support of the top "hostile powers." In reality, Ivanishili had no contact with Putin and Medvedev. Ten years ago, he moved to Georgia, recently he sold almost all Russian property, transferring money to European and American banks for management. It is also a fact that there are forces in the Georgian Dream coalition that even advocate a tougher course towards Moscow.

This is mistake. Georgia needs immeasurably more than Russia to improve our ties. Our potentials are ridiculous to compare. Over 100,000 Georgian citizens live in Russia, they help needy families (in Georgia, unemployment, according to official figures, is over 16 percent, but in reality it is even higher). Any polls show that the majority of Georgians are in favor of normalizing relations with Russia.

Ivanishvili is a supporter of liberalism, adheres to a Western orientation. Unlike Saakashvili, who tried to turn Georgia into a Caucasian Singapore, he wants to build something like Belgium or Denmark.

And yet there is a tendency for the erosion of the ice layers of tension. Respecting dignity, Russia should not artificially slow down the process, but it should not be in a hurry either.

As for Abkhazia and South Ossetia, then we should talk not only about the territories "lost" by Georgia, but also about the fate of the peoples - Ossetians, Abkhazians, about the oppression and humiliation through which they went through, even about more serious crimes. This is not easy to forgive! Georgia must first comprehend history itself, learn lessons, and not blame its northern neighbor for the "occupation". Let the Abkhazians and Ossetians decide their own fate and who they should be with.