Russian anti-tank weapons - let's fight back the tank troops! Anti-tank guided missile system ATGM Kornet.

Experts identify four generations of anti-tank systems, which are fundamentally different guidance systems. The first generation assumes a command control system with manual guidance through the wires. The second is distinguished by semi-automatic command guidance by wire / laser beam. The third-generation ATGM implements a fire-and-forget guidance scheme with target contour memorization, which allows the operator to only aim, fire a shot, and immediately leave the position. In the near future, the fourth generation of anti-tank systems will be developed, which, in terms of their combat characteristics, will resemble loitering projectiles of the LM (Loitering Munition) class. It will include means for transmitting an image from the homing head (GOS) of an anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) to the operator's console, which will significantly improve accuracy.

Despite the fact that the armies of many countries are striving to switch to third-generation ATGMs, there is still a high demand for second-generation systems. The reason is their wide distribution among the troops and at a much lower cost. Another factor is the comparability and even superiority in terms of penetration of the latest modifications of many second-generation ATGMs in comparison with third-generation systems. And finally, the analysis of the experience of clashes in urban conditions became a serious factor. From it, anti-tank missiles second-generation complexes are armed with cheaper high-explosive and thermobaric warheads (warheads) to destroy bunkers and various fortifications, as well as for use in urban battles.

It is worth noting another Western trend in the development and production of anti-tank systems. There is virtually no demand for self-propelled complexes, and therefore they have been removed from production everywhere. In Russia the situation is different. The latest development of the Kolomna Design Bureau of Mechanical Engineering (KBM) - a modernized version of the second-generation Sturm (Shturm-SM) self-propelled ATGM with the Ataka multifunctional missile (firing range - six km) completed state tests in 2012. During the civil war in Libya, Khrizantema-S self-propelled anti-tank systems of Kolomna development "Chrysanthemum-S" (range - six km) showed themselves excellently (at first in government units, but then were captured by rebels). However, this type of ATGM is not the subject of this article.

With their appearance on the battlefield, tanks and other armored vehicles have stepped up the development of adequate countermeasures. One of the most advanced and formidable anti-tank weapons in combat today are ATGMs - anti-tank missile systems. Over time, anti-tank systems have evolved from the means of combating enemy armored vehicles to one of the most multifunctional types of high-precision. Due to the ability to hit a wide range of targets (including air ones), ATGMs have become an effective reserve for combined arms commanders and one of the most widespread types of weapons. All this is clearly confirmed by the experience of using these systems over the past 60 years, when they were used in almost all armed conflicts and local wars.

Germany is the birthplace of anti-tank systems

The creator of the first ATGMs - anti-tank guided missiles, as well as many other interesting military developments, is considered to be Germany and specifically engineer Max Kramer. In 1941, BMW began research work in the field of guided missile weapons. The development of the world's first ATGM known as the Panzerabwehrrakete X-7 (defensive anti-tank missile) began in 1943. This missile was named X-7 Rotkappchen (translated from German as "Little Red Riding Hood"). The main for this ATGM was the X-4 air-to-air guided missile. The first 7 test launches of the rocket were carried out on September 21, 1944, and in late 1944 - early 1945, about a hundred more launches were carried out in Germany.

By the spring of the last year of the war, Ruhrstal Brekvede had produced about 300 Panzerabwehrrakete X-7, the rocket was made according to the tailless aerodynamic design. The cigar-shaped body of the rocket is 790 mm long. and 140 mm in diameter. equipped with a stabilizer on a remote beam and 2 wings of reverse sweep. At the ends of the wings, 2 containers with wires were mounted. ATGM guidance on the target was carried out using a special tracer located in the rear of its hull. From the gunner of the rocket was required throughout its flight to ensure that this marker was directed exactly at the target. The Little Red Riding Hood launcher was an ordinary rail tripod 1.5 m long and weighing 15 kg. The mass of the ATGM was 9 kg. To date, not a single reliable evidence of the use of these missiles in combat conditions has been found.

After the war, X-7 samples were used in the victorious states to create their own ATGMs. At the same time, the most significant successes in the creation of such missiles were achieved in the West. In France, in 1948, on the basis of the Little Red Riding Hood, they created the SS-10 ATGM, in Switzerland, two years earlier, they designed the Cobra ATGM.

ATGM first generation

On May 8, 1957, a government decree was issued in the USSR on the creation of reactive guided weapons. And already on May 28 of the same year, the Kolomna Design Bureau began to create the Bumblebee ATGM. Work on the creation of rockets was headed by a young engineer S.P. Invincible. The main principle that guided the creators of the rocket was its simplification; of the complex devices, only a fuse and a two-stage gyroscope remained in it. The missile was controlled by the operator, while the commands to the missile were transmitted via a two-wire cable, which was unwound from a reel mounted in an ATGM. The design of the rocket itself was also extremely simple: at the base there was a cumulative warhead, behind it was a gyroscope, then a coil with a cable, and then a sustainer and starting solid-propellant engines.

In April 1958, the first test launches of the still unguided Bumblebees were carried out, in the summer they tested guided versions, and already on August 28, the ZM6 Bumblebee ATGM as part of the 2K15 complex was demonstrated to the military-political leadership of the USSR at the Kapustin Yar training ground. August 1, 1960 "Bumblebee" was finally adopted by the Soviet Army. Own baptism of fire first-generation anti-tank systems took place in the Israeli-Egyptian war in 1956 (French-made SS-10s were used). Soviet anti-tank systems "Bumblebee" were first used in the Arab-Israeli war of 1967.

ATGM "Malyutka"

The performance characteristics of ATGM Malyutka:

Firing range, minimum - 500 m, maximum - 3,000 m;
Guidance system: command, by wire, manual;
Armor penetration of a cumulative warhead - up to 400 mm;
The weight of the warhead is 2.6 kg.

ATGM second generation

An analysis of the use of ATGMs in real armed conflicts demonstrated the need to improve this type of weapon, since the first generation ATGMs, due to manual control, were sufficiently effective only at a distance of no more than 1 kilometer. Such missiles had a low cruising speed and a low rate of fire. Their application required highly skilled operators. All this was the reason that the designers began work on the complexes of a new generation, in which they tried to eliminate these problems or reduce their impact. This is how the second generation anti-tank systems with a semi-automatic guidance system were born. Research and development work on their creation started in 1961.

Warheads of new ATGMs with equal to the mass Warheads, in comparison with the first generation, usually had 1.5-2 times greater armor penetration. Average flight speeds increased to 160-200 m/s. The transfer time to combat position has been reduced to an average of 1 minute. The minimum effective firing range was reduced to 50-75 meters, which made it possible to hit targets at close range. ATGMs were equipped with special transport and launch containers (TPK), which were used both for storage and for launching ATGMs. But at the same time, a number of shortcomings remained, among which one can note the need for the gunner to accompany the entire flight of the rocket until the target is hit, without changing its firing position for 20-25 seconds.

ATGM TOW of the first series

Almost simultaneously with the adoption of the second-generation anti-tank systems were tested in real combat operations. The new capabilities of the complexes led to a revision of the tactics of their combat use. It was suggested that the complexes be divided according to the methods of transportation and firing range. Now a motorized rifle or infantry platoon was given a portable complex with an effective firing range of up to 2000 meters. Such an ATGM was serviced by a crew of 2 people. In turn, a portable or transportable ATGM with an effective firing range of up to 4000 meters was already attached to larger units - a company or a battalion.

Tactical and technical characteristics of ATGM "TOW" basic version of BGM-71A:

Firing range, minimum - 65 m, maximum - 3,750 m;
Control system: guided visually from the launcher by wire;
Armor penetration of the cumulative warhead - 600 mm;
The weight of the warhead is 3.9 kg.

ATGM generation 2+

The creation and modernization of the second generation anti-tank systems was carried out continuously and as new technical capabilities appeared. Subsequently, many complexes painlessly evolved to generation 2+. Due to the use of the latest scientific and technological achievements, ATGMs have become a formidable high-precision weapon, which made it possible to effectively hit a wide range of targets. One of the most notable examples effective use complexes of this generation was the use of ATGM "Shturm". For example, in 2003, the Iraqi military, thanks to the use of the Shturm-S and Shturm-V ATGMs, were able to hit 43 enemy MBTs of the latest developments, as well as more than 70 different armored vehicles of infantry fighting vehicles, armored personnel carriers, self-propelled guns, air defense systems and anti-tank systems of coalition forces.

ATGM Shturm-S

A feature of the second-generation ATGM was that the missile was aimed at the target already in semi-automatic mode (point-to-point method). With this method of aiming, the operator of the complex should only combine the crosshairs of the sight and the target, and the missile is aimed at the target on its own. This made it possible to bring the probability of hits up to 90-95%, while maintaining the transmission of commands from the complex to the rocket using a wire kept the flight speed at the level of 150-200 m / s. This problem was solved after the appearance of wireless communication lines. After that, communication between the complex and the rocket was carried out using a special radio link with noise immunity and several frequencies that duplicate each other. In addition, ATGM tracking was also possible in the infrared range; thermal imaging sights appeared on second-generation complexes.

The performance characteristics of the Shturm ATGM with the Ataka ATGM:

Firing range, minimum - 400 m, maximum - 6,000 m;
Control system: either radio command or laser beam;
Armor penetration of a tandem cumulative warhead - up to 800 mm;
Warhead weight - 5.4 kg.

ATGM third generation

Simultaneously with the development of means of destruction of armored vehicles, and in some cases even ahead of this development, the means of protection against them were improved. They made their own adjustments and new tactics for the use of units, the conduct of hostilities. The main feature of the third generation ATGM was that the missile began to be aimed at the target in fully automatic mode. The rocket is equipped with a homing head, it itself finds the target and destroys it.

ATGM Kornet-EM based on "Tiger"

The widespread use of anti-tank systems in the role of high-precision weapons of company-level motorized rifle units has led to another significant difference, namely, the equipment of warheads. Today, third-generation ATGMs can be equipped with powerful tandem HEAT warheads providing armor penetration at the level of 1000-1200 mm, incendiary (thermobaric) and high-explosive warheads, as well as high-explosive fragmentation warheads. The most advanced Russian ATGMs of the 3rd generation include the well-known Kornet-EM and Khrizantema complexes outside of Russia.

Tactical and technical characteristics of ATGM "Kornet-EM":

Firing range, minimum - 100 m, maximum - 10,000 m;
Control system: automatic with teleorientation in the laser beam;
The armor penetration of the cumulative warhead is 1100-1300 mm.
Warhead weight - 4.6 kg;

Sources of information:
-http://vpk-news.ru/articles/9133
-http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki

Anti-tank missile systems (ATGMs) are one of the most dynamically developing segments of the global arms market. First of all, this is due to the general trend towards the maximum strengthening of the constructive protection of all types of armored combat vehicles in modern armies of the world. The armed forces of many countries are moving on a large scale from second-generation anti-tank systems (semi-automatic guidance) to third-generation systems that implement the fire-and-forget principle. In the latter case, the operator only needs to aim and shoot, then leave the position.

As a result, the market for the most advanced anti-tank weapons was actually divided between American and Israeli manufacturers. The achievements of the Russian military-industrial complex (DIC) in this area on the world market are represented practically only by the Kornet ATGM of the 2+ generation with a laser guidance system developed by the Tula Instrument Design Bureau (KBP). We don't have a third generation.

Announce the entire list

The basis of the commercial success of the Kornet ATGM is in the ratio of "efficiency-cost" in comparison with complexes armed with missiles with a thermal imaging homing head (GOS), that is, in fact, firing with expensive thermal imagers. The second factor is the good range of the system - 5.5 km. On the other hand, Kornet, like other domestic anti-tank systems, is constantly criticized for its insufficient ability to overcome the dynamic armor of modern foreign main battle tanks.

ATGM "Hermes-A"

Nevertheless, "Kornet-E" has become the most popular domestic anti-tank systems, supplied for export. Its parties were purchased by 16 countries, including Algeria, India, Syria, Greece, Jordan, the United Arab Emirates and South Korea. The last deep modification - - with a firing range of 10 kilometers is capable of "working" both on ground and on air targets, primarily on unmanned vehicles and combat helicopters.

ATGM "Kornet-D" / "Kornet-EM"

In addition to armor-piercing missiles with a cumulative warhead (warhead), the ammunition load includes universal ones with high-explosive ones. However, such "air-ground" versatility abroad quickly lost interest. This is how it happened, for example, with the ADATS (Air Defense Anti-Tank System) complex developed by the Swiss company Oerlikon Contraves AG and the American company Martin Marietta. It was adopted only in the armies of Canada and Thailand. The United States, having made a large order, eventually abandoned it. Last year, the Canadians also removed ADATS from service.

ATGM "Metis-M1"

Another development of KBP also has good export performance - second-generation complexes with a range of 1.5 kilometers and Metis-M1 (2 kilometers) with a semi-automatic wire guidance system.

At one time, the leadership of the KBP, despite, as it was officially announced, the successful completion of development work on anti-tank guided missiles operating according to the “fire-and-forget” scheme, refused to implement this concept in the Kornet complex in order to achieve the longest possible ranges shooting compared to Western counterparts, using the "see-shoot" principle and a laser-beam control system. The emphasis was on the creation of a combined system of anti-tank weapons that implement both of these principles - both “fire-and-forget” and “see-shoot” - with an emphasis on the relative cheapness of anti-tank systems.

ATGM "Chrysanthemum-S"

It was supposed to organize anti-tank defense with three complexes of various staffing. To do this, in the support zone - from the front line of defense to a depth of 15 kilometers towards the enemy - it was planned to place light portable anti-tank systems with a firing range of up to 2.5 kilometers, self-propelled and portable with a range of up to 5.5, self-propelled long-range anti-tank systems "Germes" on BMP-3 chassis with a range of up to 15 kilometers.

The control system of the promising multi-purpose complex "Germes" is combined. In the initial phase of the flight, the rocket of the version under discussion with a range of 15–20 kilometers is controlled by an inertial system. In the final section - semi-active laser homing of the missile at the target by the laser radiation reflected from it, as well as infrared or radar. The complex was developed in three versions: land, sea and aviation.

At the moment, only the latest version, Hermes-A, is officially in the development of the KBP. In the future, it is possible to equip anti-aircraft missile and gun systems developed by the same KBP with Hermes. Tula also developed the third-generation Avtonomiya ATGM with an infrared homing system of the IIR (Imagine Infra-Red) type, which was never brought to the level of mass production.

ATGM "Shturm-SM"

The latest development of the Kolomna Design Bureau of Mechanical Engineering (KBM) - a modernized version of the second-generation Shturm (Shturm-SM) self-propelled ATGM with the Ataka multifunctional missile (range - six kilometers) - has recently completed state tests. For round-the-clock target detection, the new complex was equipped with a sighting system with television and thermal imaging channels.

During the civil war in Libya, baptism of fire (albeit in rebel detachments) was adopted by self-propelled anti-tank systems of Kolomna development (range - six kilometers), using a combined guidance system - automatic radar in the millimeter range with missile guidance in the radio beam and semi-automatic with missile guidance in the laser beam .

Main competitor

It is worth noting that the Western trend for self-propelled armored anti-tank systems is the decommissioning and lack of demand. There is still no serial infantry (portable, portable and self-propelled) ATGM with an IIR infrared guidance system and target contour memory that implements the fire-and-forget principle in the Russian arsenal. And there is serious doubt about the ability and desire of the Russian Ministry of Defense to purchase such expensive systems.

ATGM ADATS

Production exclusively for export is no longer dominant for the Russian defense industry, as it was in the old days. In foreign armies, rearmament to this standard continues. Almost all tenders for the purchase of anti-tank systems come down to the competition between the American and Israeli Spike. Nevertheless, there are many foreign customers who cannot acquire Western complexes solely for political reasons.

ATGMFGM-148 Javelin

The main portable ATGM in the US Army is the FGM-148 Javelin, jointly produced by Raytheon and Lockheed Martin, which was put into service in 1996 with a firing range of 2.5 kilometers. This is the world's first serial ATGM with an IIR type infrared homing system that implements the fire-and-forget principle. The missile is capable of hitting an armored target both in a straight line and from above. The "soft start" system allows you to shoot from enclosed spaces. The disadvantage of the complex is its high price. The export version costs $125,000 ($80,000 for its military) and $40,000 for one missile.

Another disadvantage is the design flaws that affect the combat use. It takes about 30 seconds to lock on a target, which is very expensive pleasure. Maneuvering on the battlefield, the target can "break out of sight." Such a failure often results in an error in remembering the contour of the target. American soldiers more than once complained about the extreme inconvenience of the complex for carrying.

ATGM BGM-71 TOW

However, in the Western armies, the introduction of anti-tank systems with an IIR guidance system has long been the main focus. However, the Ratheyon corporation continues the mass production of the "old" one with an increased firing range of up to 4.5 kilometers and guidance by wire or radio link. Rockets with tandem and high-explosive warheads, as well as warheads of the "shock core" type. The latest equipped with inertial guidance missiles in service marines United States since 2003 FGM-172 Predator SRAW short-range ATGM with a range of up to 600 meters.

European way

Back in the mid-70s of the twentieth century, France, Great Britain and Germany undertook a joint program to create a third-generation TRIGAT ATGM with an IIR-type infrared seeker. R&D was carried out by Euromissile Dynamics Group. It was planned that the universal TRIGAT in short, medium and long range versions would replace all anti-tank systems in service with these countries. But despite the fact that the system entered the testing phase in the second half of the 90s, the project eventually fell apart, as its participants decided to stop funding.

Only the FRG continued to develop the system in the LR-TRIGAT helicopter version with long-range missiles (up to six kilometers). The Germans ordered almost 700 of these missiles (under the name Pars 3 LR) from the European concern MBDA to equip combat Tiger helicopters, however, the rest of the customers of these helicopters refused these missiles.

MBDA continues production of the popular second-generation MILAN portable anti-tank systems (in service with 44 countries) in the MILAN-2T/3 and MILANADT-ER versions with a range of three kilometers and a very powerful tandem warhead. Also, MBDA continues to produce the second-generation HOT complex (purchased by 25 countries), the latest modification is HOT-3 with a firing range of 4.3 kilometers. The French army continues to purchase the Eryx light portable anti-tank system with a range of 600 meters.

The Thales group and the Swedish company Saab Bofors Dynamics have developed a light short-range ATGM (600 meters) RB-57 NLAW with an inertial guidance system. The Swedes continue to produce the portable ATGM RBS-56 BILL (range - two kilometers), which at one time became the world's first anti-tank missile system capable of hitting a target from above. The Italian OTO Melara was never able to market, developed back in the 80s, the MAF complex with a range of three kilometers and a laser guidance system.

High demand for second-generation complexes remains not only due to their mass distribution and low price. The fact is that latest modifications many second-generation ATGMs are not only comparable in terms of armor penetration, but also surpass next-generation systems. A huge role is also played by the trend of arming anti-tank missiles with cheaper high-explosive and thermobaric warheads to destroy bunkers and various kinds of fortifications, for use in urban battles.

Israeli version

Israel remains the main competitor of the United States in the market of portable and transportable anti-tank systems. The most successful was the family (Rafael company) - medium (2.5 kilometers), long (four) range and heavy long-range version of Dandy (eight kilometers), which, among other things, are armed with UAVs. The weight of the Spike-ER (Dandy) rocket in a container is 33 kilograms, PU - 55, standard installation for four rockets - 187.

ATGMMAPATS

All modifications of Spike missiles are equipped with an IIR type infrared homing system, which is supplemented by a fiber-optic cable control system for options for four and eight kilometers. This significantly improves the performance characteristics of the Spike compared to the Javelin. The principle of combining the IR seeker and control over a fiber optic cable is fully implemented only in the Japanese Type 96 MPMS (Multi-Purpose Missile System) ATGM. Similar developments in other countries were discontinued due to the high cost of the system.

ATGMNimrod-SR

Spike has been supplied to the Israeli army since 1998. For the production of the complex for European customers in 2000, Rafael created the EuroSpike consortium in Germany together with German companies, including Rheinmetall. Licensed production is deployed in Poland, Spain and Singapore.

ATGMspike

It is in service in Israel and is offered for export ATGM MAPATS (range - five kilometers), developed by Israel Military Industries based on the American TOW. Israel Aeronautics Industries Corporation has developed a unique long-range (up to 26 kilometers) Nimrod self-propelled anti-tank system with a laser guidance system.

Second generation replicas

The main Chinese ATGM remains a heavily modernized copy of the most massive Soviet anti-tank complex "Malyutka" - HJ-73 with a semi-automatic guidance system.

The Chinese copied American system TOW, creating a portable second-generation ATGM HJ-8 with a firing range of 3 kilometers (the later modification of the HJ-8E already hits four). Pakistan manufactures it under license under the name Baktar Shikan.

Iran also successfully copies TOW (Toophan-1 and Toophan-2). Based on the latter version, the Tondar ATGM with a laser guidance system was created. The Iranians also made a copy of another old American Dragon complex (Saege). A copy of the Soviet "Baby" is being produced under the name Raad (one of the modifications with a tandem warhead). Since the 90s of the 20th century, the Russian Konkurs complex (Towsan-1) has been produced under license.

The Indians acted in the most original way by adapting the Franco-German MILAN 2 rocket to the Konkurs launcher. Both products are manufactured by Bharat Dynamics Limited under license. India is also developing a third-generation Nag ATGM with an IIR type infrared guidance system, but without much success.

Rocket (ATGM) - a weapon designed primarily to combat enemy armored vehicles. It can also be used to destroy fortified points, fire at low-flying targets and for other tasks.

General information

guided missiles are essential part which also includes launcher ATGM and guidance systems. The so-called solid fuel is used as an energy source, and the warhead (warhead) is most often equipped with a cumulative charge.

Since they began to equip composite armor and active dynamic protection systems, new anti-tank missiles are also evolving. The single cumulative warhead was replaced by tandem ammunition. As a rule, these are two shaped charges located one after another. When they explode, two are formed in succession with more effective armor penetration. If a single charge "flashes" up to 600 mm, then tandem ones - 1200 mm or more. At the same time, the elements of dynamic protection "extinguish" only the first jet, and the second does not lose its destructive ability.

Also, ATGMs can be equipped with a thermobaric warhead, which creates the effect of a volumetric explosion. When triggered, aerosols are sprayed in the form of a cloud, which then detonate, covering a significant area with a zone of fire.

These types of ammunition include ATGM "Cornet" (RF), "Milan" (France-Germany), "Javelin" (USA), "Spike" (Israel) and others.

Prerequisites for creation

In spite of wide application hand-held anti-tank grenade launchers (RPGs) in World War II, they could not fully provide anti-tank infantry defense. It turned out to be impossible to increase the firing range of RPGs, because due to the relatively slow speed of ammunition of this type, their range and accuracy did not meet the requirements for effectiveness in combating armored vehicles at a distance of more than 500 meters. The infantry units required an effective anti-tank weapon capable of hitting tanks at long distances. To solve the problem of accurate long-range shooting, an ATGM was created - an anti-tank guided missile.

History of creation

The first research on the development of high-precision missile munitions began in the 40s of the twentieth century. A real breakthrough in development newest species the Germans achieved weapons by creating in 1943 the world's first ATGM X-7 Rotkaeppchen (translated as "Little Red Riding Hood"). The history of ATGM anti-tank weapons begins with this model.

With a proposal to create a Rotkaeppchen, BMW turned to the Wehrmacht command in 1941, but the favorable situation for Germany on the fronts was the reason for the refusal. However, already in 1943, the creation of such a rocket still had to be started. The work was supervised by a doctor who developed a series for the German Ministry of Aviation aircraft missiles under the general designation "X".

Characteristics of X-7 Rotkaeppchen

In fact, the X-7 anti-tank missile can be considered as a continuation of the X series, because the main design solutions of this type of missiles were widely used in it. The case had a length of 790 mm, a diameter of 140 mm. The tail unit of the rocket was a stabilizer and two keels mounted on an arcuate rod to exit the control planes from the zone of hot gases of a solid propellant (powder) engine. Both keels were made in the form of washers with deflected plates (trim tabs), which were used as elevators or rudders for ATGMs.

The weapon for its time was revolutionary. To ensure the stability of the rocket in flight, it rotated along its longitudinal axis at a speed of two revolutions per second. With the help of a special delay unit, control signals were applied to the control plane (trim) only when they were in the desired position. In the tail section was power point in the form of a dual-mode engine from WASAG. Cumulative warhead overcame 200 mm armor.

The control system included a stabilization unit, a switch, rudder drives, command and receiving units, as well as two cable reels. The control system worked according to the method, which today is referred to as the “three-point method”.

ATGM first generation

After the war, the victorious countries used the developments of the Germans for their own production of ATGMs. Weapons of this type were recognized as very promising for combating armored vehicles on the front line, and from the mid-50s the first models replenished the arsenals of the countries of the world.

ATGMs of the first generation successfully proved themselves in military conflicts of the 50-70s. Since there is no documentary evidence of the use of the German "Little Red Riding Hood" in combat operations (although about 300 of them were fired), the first guided missile used in real combat (Egypt, 1956) was french model Nord SS.10. In the same place, during the Six-Day War of 1967 between Israel and Israel, the Soviet Malyutka ATGMs supplied by the USSR to the Egyptian army proved their effectiveness.

The use of ATGMs: attack

The weapons of the first generation require careful training of the shooter. When aiming a warhead and subsequent remote control, the same principle of three points is used:

• crosshair of the vizier;
• rocket on trajectory;
• hit target.

Having fired, the operator through the optical sight must simultaneously monitor the aiming mark, the projectile tracer and the moving target, and manually issue control commands. They are transmitted aboard the rocket along the wires that follow it. Their use imposes restrictions on the speed of ATGMs: 150-200 m/s.

If the wire breaks with shrapnel in the heat of battle, the projectile becomes uncontrollable. The low flight speed allowed armored vehicles to perform evasive maneuvers (if the distance allowed), and the crew, forced to control the trajectory of the warhead, was vulnerable. However, the probability of hitting is very high - 60-70%.

Second generation: ATGM launch

This weapon differs from the first generation in semi-automatic guidance of the missile at the target. That is, the intermediate task was removed from the operator - to monitor the trajectory of the projectile. His job is to keep the aiming mark on the target, and the "smart equipment" built into the missile itself sends corrective commands. The system operates on the principle of two points.

Also, in some second-generation ATGMs, a new guidance system was used - the transmission of commands via a laser beam. This significantly increases the launch range and allows the use of missiles with a higher flight speed.

Second-generation ATGMs are controlled in various ways:

• by wire (Milan, ERYX);
• via a secure radio link with duplicate frequencies ("Chrysanthemum");
• by laser beam ("Cornet", TRIGAT, "Dehlavia").

The point-to-point mode made it possible to increase the probability of hitting up to 95%, however, in systems with wired control, the speed limit of the warhead remained.

third generation

A number of countries have switched to the production of third-generation ATGMs, the main principle of which is the motto "fire and forget." It is enough for the operator to aim and launch the ammunition, and the “smart” missile with a thermal imaging homing head operating in the infrared range will itself aim at the selected object. Such a system significantly increases the maneuverability and survivability of the crew, and, consequently, affects the effectiveness of the battle.

In fact, these complexes are produced and sold only by the United States and Israel. The American Javelin (FGM-148 Javelin), Predator, Israeli Spike are the most advanced man-portable ATGMs. Information about weapons indicates that most tank models are defenseless in front of them. These systems not only independently aim at armored vehicles, but also hit it in the most vulnerable part - the upper hemisphere.

Advantages and disadvantages

The fire-and-forget principle increases the rate of fire and, accordingly, the mobility of the crew. The performance of the weapon is also improved. The probability of hitting a third-generation ATGM target is theoretically 90%. In practice, it is possible for the enemy to use optical-electronic suppression systems, which reduces the effectiveness of the missile's homing head. In addition, a significant increase in the cost of onboard guidance equipment and equipping the missile with an infrared homing head led to the high cost of a shot. Therefore, at present, only a few countries have adopted third-generation ATGMs.

Russian flagship

In the world arms market, Russia is represented by the Kornet ATGM. Thanks to laser control, it is referred to the “2+” generation (there are no third-generation systems in the Russian Federation). The complex has worthy characteristics regarding the ratio "price / efficiency". If the use of expensive Javelins requires serious justification, then the Kornets, as they say, are not a pity - they can be used more often in any battle modes. Its firing range is quite high: 5.5-10 km. The system can be used in a portable mode, as well as installed on equipment.

There are several modifications:

• ATGM "Kornet-D" - an improved system with a range of 10 km and armor penetration behind dynamic protection of 1300 mm.
• "Kornet-EM" - the latest deep modernization, is capable of shooting down air targets, primarily helicopters and drones.
• Kornet-T and Kornet-T1 are self-propelled launchers.
• "Kornet-E" - export version (ATGM "Kornet E").

The weapons of Tula specialists, although highly rated, are still criticized for their lack of effectiveness against the composite and dynamic armor of modern NATO tanks.

Characteristics of modern ATGMs

The main task set before the latest guided missiles is to hit any tank, regardless of the type of armor. In recent years, there has been a mini-arms race, when tank builders and ATGM creators compete. Weapons are becoming more destructive, and armor is more durable.

Given the widespread use of combined protection in combination with dynamic, modern anti-tank missiles are also equipped with additional devices that increase the likelihood of hitting targets. For example, head missiles are equipped with special tips that ensure the detonation of a cumulative munition at an optimal distance, which ensures the formation of an ideal cumulative jet.

The use of missiles with tandem warheads to penetrate the armor of tanks with dynamic and combined protection has become typical. Also, to expand the scope of ATGMs, missiles with thermobaric warheads are being manufactured for them. The 3rd generation anti-tank systems use warheads that rise to a great height when approaching the target and attack it, diving into the roof of the tower and the hull, where there is less armor protection.

For the use of ATGMs in enclosed spaces, soft launch systems (Eryx) are used - missiles are equipped with starting engines that eject it at low speed. After moving away from the operator (launching module), a sustainer engine is turned on for a certain distance, which accelerates the projectile.

Conclusion

Anti-tank systems are effective systems for combating armored vehicles. They can be carried manually, installed both on armored personnel carriers and on civilian vehicles. The 2nd generation ATGMs are being replaced by more advanced homing missiles stuffed with artificial intelligence.

Adopted in 1974, the Konkurs ATGM, despite repeated upgrades, by the mid-eighties, no longer met modern requirements for armor penetration and resistance to organized optical interference of the enemy. Therefore, to replace it, in 1988, in the Tula Design Bureau (the lead developer), the development of a new Kornet complex began. For the first time, an export version of the complex - "Kornet-E", was openly presented in 1994, at an exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod.

The Kornet complex is supposed to be used as a universal highly mobile defensive and assault fire weapon of ground forces units, to strengthen the anti-tank defense of military formations, as well as in the offensive to suppress various enemy firing points.

In accordance with the TTZ, the battalion-regimental ATGM "Kornet" is designed to destroy modern main battle tanks from any angle, including those equipped with mounted and built-in dynamic protection at ranges exceeding the range of aimed fire of tank guns, to destroy reinforced concrete fortifications, various engineering structures, to destroy extended unarmored and lightly armored targets, enemy fire weapons, low-speed air and surface targets.

By their own performance characteristics the Kornet complex fully meets the requirements for a system of modern multipurpose defensive and assault weapons, and allows you to quickly solve tactical tasks in the zone of responsibility of ground forces units, with a tactical depth in the direction of the enemy up to 6 km.

Most Western experts believe that the main feature of the "third generation" anti-tank systems is the implementation of the "fire and forget" principle and therefore conditionally refer the Kornet complex to the "second plus generation". The specialists of the Tula KBP, despite the fact that they successfully completed work on guided missiles implementing the “fire-and-forget” principle, refused to implement it in the Kornet complex. They believe that the Kornet ATGM compares favorably with foreign counterparts. First of all, it uses the “see-shoot” principle and a laser-beam control system, which made it possible to achieve large maximum firing ranges, in contrast to the Western concept of building long-range anti-tank systems according to the “fire-and-forget” principle, in which ATGMs are equipped with passive homing heads (GOS) on matrices of charge-coupled devices. Completely, the foreign concept remained unrealized for a number of reasons. For example, resolution thermal imaging sight placed on a movable weapon carrier is significantly higher than that of the seeker, so the problem of capturing the target of the seeker at the start remained technically unresolved. The shelling of targets that do not have a significant contrast in the far IR wavelength range (bunkers, pillboxes, machine gun nests and other engineering structures) is impossible, especially in conditions of passive optical interference. There are certain problems of scaling the image of the target in the GOS when a missile approaches it. The cost of such a missile is 5 - 7 times higher than the similar value for the ATGM of the Kornet complex.

ATGM "Kornet" is characterized by:

Ease of use that does not require highly qualified service personnel.

Versatility of use, defeating all targets outside the zone of effective enemy return fire;

Combat work in the “lying”, “kneeling”, “standing in a trench” positions, from prepared and unprepared firing positions;

The ability to encode laser radiation, which allows two launchers to simultaneously cross and parallel fire at two targets;

All-day combat work, including in difficult weather conditions.

The possibility of combat operation in conditions of organized and unorganized electronic and optical interference (for example, protection from the effects of radiation from optical interference stations of the Shtora-1 type (Russia) is provided,Pomals Piano Violin Mk. l (Israel) in contrast to the second generation ATGM TOW , Milan -2 T , Hot -2 T , "Competition", etc., which, under these conditions, have a sharp decrease in efficiency due to the inoperability of the direction-finding channels of missiles);

The block-modular principle of constructing launchers, its low weight and dimensions, the versatility of attachment points, which make it possible to place it on various carriers, including jeeps.

To ensure the flexibility of combat use, the Kornet ATGM was developed as a portable one. Based on this, in order to make it possible to launch missiles not only from combat vehicles of the self-propelled complex, but also from remote launchers, the mass of the TPK with a rocket was limited to 30 kg. However, in general, for weight-dimensional characteristics, "Cornet" is basically a portable complex, suitable for use as a portable. At the same time, taking into account the significant mass of the warhead and the required range of launch ranges, the limitation on the total mass of the ATGM made it impossible to achieve supersonic flight speeds.

The new complex implements the principle of direct attack of the target during front projection with a semi-automatic control and guidance system for a direct laser beam (the so-called "laser path"). A direct laser line (in contrast to pointing along a reflected beam) is insensitive to organized optical interference. In addition, an ATGM controlled by a laser beam, unlike a wired command line, removes restrictions on the range and speed of an ATGM flight, increases the probability of destruction, and allows firing at air targets. The maximum firing range of the Kornet ATGM has increased by 1.5 times compared to the second-generation Konkurs-M ATGM of the same class.

The 9M133 (9M133-1) ATGM of the Kornet complex is equipped with a tandem HEAT warhead capable of hitting the vast majority of modern main battle tanks, incl. with built-in dynamic protection. A distinctive feature of the ATGM layout is the placement of the main engine between the leading and main shaped charges, which, on the one hand, protects the main charge from fragments of the leading charge, increases the focal length and, as a result, increases armor penetration, and on the other hand, it allows you to have a powerful leading charge that provides reliable overcoming of mounted and built-in dynamic protection. The probability of hitting such tanks as M1A2 "Abrams", "Leclerc", "Challenger-2", "Leopard-2A5", "Merkava Mk.3V" missile 9M133 complexes "Kornet-P / T" at an angle of fire of ± 90 °, is on average 0.70 - 0.80, that is, the cost of hitting each tank is one or two missiles. In addition, a tandem cumulative warhead is capable of penetrating concrete monoliths and precast concrete structures with a thickness of at least 3 - 3.5 m. crushing of concrete in the areas of the cumulative jet, breaking out the back layer of the barrier and, as a result, a high barrier action.

To increase the combat capabilities of the ATGM and ensure its multi-purpose use, the 9M133F (9M133F-1) missile with a high-explosive thermobaric warhead was created for the Kornet complex. weight-dimensional characteristics are completely identical to a missile with a cumulative warhead.thermobaric The warhead has a large radius of destruction by a shock wave and a high temperature of the explosion products. During the explosion of such warheads, a shock wave is more extended in space and time than that of traditional explosives. Such a wave is caused by the successive involvement of air oxygen in the process of detonation transformations, it penetrates behind obstacles, into trenches, through embrasures, etc., hitting manpower, including protected ones. In the zone of detonation transformations of the thermobaric mixture, oxygen is almost completely burned out and a temperature of 800 - 850 0 C develops. TNT equivalent 10 kg, in terms of its high-explosive and incendiary effect on the target, it is not inferior to the warheads of regular 152 mm OFS. The need for such a warhead on high-precision weapons is confirmed by the experience of local conflicts. ATGM "Kornet", due to the acquisition of ATGM 9M133F (9M113F-1), became a powerful assault weapon, which, both in the city, and in the mountains, and in the field, is capable of effectively destroying fortifications (bunkers, pillboxes, dzos), hit fire means and manpower of the enemy located in residential and utility buildings and structures, behind their fragments, in terrain folds, trenches and premises, as well as to destroy these objects, vehicles and lightly armored vehicles, causing fires in them and in open areas, in the presence of flammable materials.

The Kornet ATGM used new technical solutions for the layout of missiles and the designs of launchers (PU), which allowed it to fully comply with the chosen concept. Based on the growth trends in the protection of the main battle tanks, the ATGM of the complex was made in a "howitzer" caliber of 152 mm - larger than that of all domestic second-generation ATGMs. With a large diameter and moderate weight, the rocket was made in a relatively small elongation - 8, which corresponded to the use of a general layout scheme close to that implemented in the 9M119M Invar KUV Reflex-M TUR and the 9M131 ATGM Metis-M1 ATGM.

The rocket complex "Cornet" is built according to the aerodynamic scheme "duck" with a front-mounted two rudders with an electromagnetic drive. Opened from niches forward in flight, aerodynamic rudders are located in the same plane.

• 1 - precharge of a tandem warhead;
• 2 - air-dynamic drive of a semi-open type with a frontal air intake ;
• 3 - aerodynamic rudders;
• 4 - propulsion system;
• 5 - the main charge of the tandem warhead;
• 6 - wings ;
• 7 - control system;

In front of the rocket body there is a leading charge of a tandem warhead and elements of an air-dynamic drive of a semi-open circuit with a frontal air intake. Further, in the middle compartment of the rocket there is a solid-propellant jet engine with air intake channels and with a tail arrangement of two oblique nozzle Behind the solid propellant rocket engine is the main cumulative warhead. In the tail section there are elements of the control system, including a photodetector of laser radiation. Four folding wings, which open after launch under the action of their own elastic forces, are placed on the body of the tail section and are located at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the rudders. The subsonic flight speed made it possible to use the spent KBP on the second generation ATGMs, made of flexible thin sheets of steel wings - “dutiks”, which open after launch under the action of their own elastic forces.

ATGM and expelling propulsion system are placed in a sealed plastic TPK with hinged covers and a handle. The storage time of ATGMs in TPK without verification is up to 10 years.

MAIN TTX ATGM "KORNET-E" WITH REMOTE PU 9P163M-1 AND ATGM 9M133-1

The rocket of the Kornet-P complex is controlled (“ Kornet-E”) using the sight-guidance device 1P45M (1P45M-1) or using the laser beam channel of the stabilized sight-guidance device 1K13-2.

On the basis of the sight-guidance device 1P45M-1, several variants of the complex were created:

Transportable with PU 9P163M-1 (placement on carriers - using an adapter bracket);

PU 9P163M-1 with one or two guides (placement on the basis of a self-propelled carrier with an automatic loader);

- automated PU 9P163-2 "Quartet" with four guides and electromechanical drives based on a light carrier.

The mobile-portable version of the Kornet ATGM is mounted on the 9P163M-1 launcher. The PU consists of a tripod machine with folding supports, a rotating part on a swivel, a swinging part with a cradle for ATGMs in the TPK, high-precision mechanical drives for lifting and turning mechanisms, an aiming device made in one unit with a laser emitter of the guidance channel (sight-guidance device 1P45M ( 1P45M-1)) and the missile launch mechanism.

The flywheel of the lifting mechanism with a handle is located behind, rotary - on the left.The sight-guidance device is periscopic: the device itself is installed in a container under the launcher cradle, the rotary eyepiece is at the bottom left. The ATGM is installed on the cradle on top of the PU, after the shot it is replaced manually. The height of the firing line can vary widely, and this allows you to fire from various positions (lying, sitting, from a trench or building window) and adapt to the terrain.

Also design feature of this launcher is easy docking with a thermal imaging sight 1PN79M-1 (1PN80) and its removal.

The operator is usually located in the prone position on the left of the ATGM, the trigger lever is controlled by the left hand. As in other complexes with a semi-automatic control system, the operator's functions are reduced to detecting and identifying a target through an optical or thermal imaging sight, taking it for tracking, launching and holding the aiming mark on the target during the ATGM flight, until it contacts the target. After launch, the rocket is brought to the line of sight (axis of the laser beam) and its deviations from the line of sight are compensated automatically by the complex.

The launcher provides the greatest application flexibility. The Kornet complex with 9P63M-1 launcher, with the help of an adapter bracket, is easily installed on any mobile carriers (vehicles, armored personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles), and if necessary, it can be carried by a combat crew of two people and parachuted from the air using standard parachutes. For transportation of the complex and ease of use by the combat crew, the PU 9P163M-1 folds into a compact stowed position, the thermal imaging sight is placed in a pack device.

To ensure shooting at night in a mobile-portable complex, thermal imaging (TPV) sights developed by NPO GIPO can be used. Export version of the complex - " Kornet-E”, is offered with a thermal imaging sight 1PN79M “Metis-2”. The sight consists of an optical-electronic unit with an infrared wave receiver, controls and a gas-balloon cooling system. A nickel-cadmium battery is used as a power source. The detection range of MBT-type targets is up to 4000 m, recognition - 2500 m, field of view - 2.8 x 4.6 degrees. The device operates in the wavelength range of 8 - 13 microns, has a total weight of 11 kg, the dimensions of the optoelectronic unit are 590 x 212 x 200 mm. A cylinder of the cooling system is attached to the back of the TPV sight, the lens is covered with a hinged cover. The sight is attached to the right side of the launcher. There is also a light version of this TPV - 1PN79M-1 with a mass of 8.5 kg.

For the version of the Kornet-P complex, intended for the Russian army, there is a TPV sight 1PN80 Kornet-TP, which allows you to fire not only at night, but also when the enemy uses combat smoke. Target detection range of tank type up to 5000 meters, recognition range up to 3500 m.

A variant of the Kornet-P self-propelled ATGM on the chassis of the BTR-80 wheeled armored personnel carrier with an ammunition load of 12 missiles in the TPK, 8 of which are in the automatic loader, has also been worked out.

Developed options for the placement of the mobile-portable complex "Kornet-P" (" Kornet-E”) on open vehicles. In particular, a self-propelled anti-tank complex "West" was created on the chassis of the UAZ-3151 car. In addition, such placement of the complex is possible on GAZ-2975 "Tiger", UAZ-3132 "Gusar", "Scorpion", etc.

Another version of the complex "Cornet-P" ("Cornet-E") - automated PU 9P163-2 "Quartet" on light carriers for equipping mobile fire teams capable of moving quickly, delivering fire strikes and changing positions. The installation includes: a turret with four guides for missiles, a sight - a guidance device 1P45M-1, a thermal imaging sight 1PN79M-1, an electronic module and an operator's seat. Ammunition is placed separately. PU 9P163-2 is in constant combat readiness, can fire up to four shots without reloading, firing "volley" with two missiles in one beam at one target. It is characterized by simplified search and target tracking using electromechanical drives. From the chassis for the PU 9P163-2 "Quartet" already worked out by the State Unitary Enterprise KBP - an American armored car " Hummer "and the French type BRM VBL.

MAIN TTX ATGM "KORNET-E" S AUTOMATED PU 9P163-2 "QUARTET"

Another effective option for deploying the Kornet complex is its integration into the sighting systems of infantry fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers, during their modernization. The laser-beam control channel, placed in the stabilized sight of combat vehicles, significantly increases combat power carrier on which the Kornet ATGM will be installed. On the basis of the 1K13-2 stabilized sight (a modification of the 1K13 sight mounted on the BMP-3 and differing from it in two-plane stabilization), the following versions of this complex have been developed:

- modernized BMP-2 with four 9M133 (9M133-1) or 9M113F (9M133F-1) missiles ready for launch;

Single combat module (OBM) "Cleaver" with a combined missile and cannon armament.

At present, infantry fighting vehicles, such as the Russian-made BMP-1 and BMP-2, which are characterized by sufficient armor protection and a reliable undercarriage, are among the most mass-produced types of ground forces equipment. However, the largest number of such vehicles does not meet modern requirements for combat effectiveness, which is largely determined by the composition of weapons and the fire control system. Therefore, the urgency of the problem of bringing the firepower of these infantry fighting vehicles to the level of the best modern models is obvious. this class, and in some respects - their superiority. The BMP-2 is armed with a 30-mm 2A42 automatic cannon and a mounted ATGM "Konkurs" ("Konkurs-M") of the second generation with a wired communication line, which makes it possible to effectively resist vehicles of a similar purpose and tanks of the second generation (1975 - 1995 release). An analysis of the trends in the development of modern weapons shows that a number of basic characteristics, primarily of a guided projectile, require significant improvement. In addition, the firing range at night should be brought up to the level of aimed fire of tank guns - 2000-2500 m. A serious drawback of the BMP-2 weapon system is the impossibility of firing ATGMs on the move.

In SUE KBP with a minimum of modernization costs and in a short time (while maintaining the hull and the internal layout of the tower) firepower The BMP-2 was brought to the level of the best modern infantry fighting vehicles by equipping it with the Kornet ATGM and installing a combined gunner's sight.

Calculations of the effectiveness of BMP-2M groupings in combat, both with autonomous operations and with the support of tanks, show that with an equal probability of completing a combat mission, the required number of combat vehicles can be reduced by 3.8 - 4 times. This is achieved due to the higher probability of hitting the 9M133 (9M133-1) ATGM tanks, their larger ammunition load, and effective firing at night. The technical solutions incorporated during the modernization of the fighting compartment determine its advantages over the regular fighting compartment of the BMP-2 in terms of armament potential by an average of 3-3.5 times. Re-equipped according to this variant, the BMP-2 in terms of combat power reaches the level of the best modern infantry fighting vehicles, and in terms of the possibility of hitting tanks and other targets with a guided missile, it has a clear superiority. BMP-2M has 4 combat-ready ATGMs in TPK on launchers (two on each side of the turret) and 3 guided missiles inside the vehicle. A single launch, a salvo of two missiles, from a place and immediately is possible.

Another way to significantly enhance the combat power of modernized infantry fighting vehicles and bring them up to the level of the best modern infantry fighting vehicles is the use of a universal single-seat combat module (OBM) "Cleaver" (TKB-799) with a combined missile and cannon armament .. The mass of the module and small shoulder straps allow the use of " Cleaver" as a universal weapon system deployed on combat light weight category. It is designed to equip a wide range of combat vehicles of the light weight category such as BMP-1, BMP-2, BTR-70, BTR-80, as well asPandur, Piranha , Fahd , can be placed on small ships, including coast guard boats, as well as permanently, in long-term defensive structures.

The combat module is a tower structure located on the shoulder strap, the dimensions of which are similar to those of the BMP-1 shoulder strap. An important advantage of this development is the possibility of installing the module on most carriers in the customer's repair organizations without modifying the transport base.

The turret has four rails with 9M133 (9M133F) guided missiles, a 30mm 2A72 automatic cannon, and a coaxial 7.62mm PKTM machine gun. The total weight of the OBM is about 1500 kg, including ammunition and missiles.

"Cleaver" has a perfect automated fire control system, which includes a sight stabilized in two planes with sighting-rangefinder, thermal imaging and laser channels (laser sight - guidance device 1K13-2), a ballistic computer with a system of external information sensors, as well as a system for stabilizing the weapon unit in two planes. The presence of a two-plane stabilized sight and an automated fire control system makes it possible to fire 9M133 (9M133F) missiles from a place, in motion and afloat, at ground, air and surface targets, surpassing existing combat vehicles in terms of firepower, including the modern BMP M2A3 Bradley.

Taking into account the fact that dozens of armies of the world are currently armed with thousands of BMP-1 units with an outdated weapon system and a significant number of BMP-2s, as well as BTR-80s, their modernization using the Cleaver module seems to be a very promising area of ​​work on improving the efficiency of infantry fighting vehicles.

In addition to the above options for the portable complex "Kornet-P" (" Kornet-E”), a specialized launcher was created - the 9P162 combat vehicle of the Kornet-T self-propelled ATGM, based on the BMP-3 chassis (“object 699”). Its distinguishing feature is the automatic loader, which makes it possible to automate the process of preparing for combat work and minimize reloading time. In the loading mechanism, up to 12 URs in the TPK can be located plus 4 URs in the TPK in the cradles. The retractable two-plane-guided installation includes two rails for suspension of transport and launch containers with missiles, on top of which blocks with guidance equipment are placed. Two guides allow you to fire two missiles in one beam at one especially dangerous target. They provide pointing angles horizontally - 360 0 , vertically from -15 0 to +60 0 . BM 9P162 floating, air transportable. The body of the combat vehicle is made of aluminum armor alloys. The most important projections are reinforced with rolled steel armor in such a way that they are spaced armor barriers. The mass of BM 9P162 is less than 18 tons. The maximum speed on the highway is 72 km / h (on a dirt road - 52 km / h, afloat - 10 km / h). Power reserve - 600 - 650 km. Crew (calculation) - 2 people (commander-operator of the complex and driver).

The developer of the complex - SUE KBP, in addition to missiles of the 9M133 family that implement the "see-shoot" principle, it is planned to introduce new guided missiles into the self-propelled ATGM "Kornet-T" that implement the "fire-and-forget" principle, which will significantly increase the flexibility of its use and combat efficiency.

Highly efficient simulators have been developed for the complexes of the Kornet family. The use of 9P163-1VGM field simulators and classy 9F660-1 simulators makes it possible to reduce the training course for Kornet ATGM operators to 15 hours.
ATGM "KORNET"
ATGM 9K115-2 "Metis-M"