Presentation on the topic "Russian small arms". The main types of weapons, military equipment and special equipment Modern weapons of the Russian army presentation

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Our military equipment caused fear and panic among the enemies. On the ground, fear was inspired by the legendary T-34 (and later T-34-85), which had no equal on the battlefield. AT Battle of Kursk- Katyushas swept away the fascist formations, which were ready to rush into the attack. And in the air, the fascist vultures were rammed by our Il-2, which the Nazis called the "Black Death". This technique brought us victory in a bloody war.

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The steam locomotive of the Eu series of medium power is designed to serve passenger and freight trains. Steam locomotives of this series were distinguished by their power and reliability, the ability to work on any type of fuel. It was this locomotive that was destined to become the main front-line steam locomotive. Weight 85t

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The weapon is relatively simple, consisting of guide rails and their guidance device. For aiming, swivel and lifting mechanisms and an artillery sight were provided. At the rear of the car were two jacks, providing greater stability when firing. The rocket was a welded cylinder, divided into three compartments - warhead, fuel and jet nozzle. One machine contained from 14 to 48 guides. The RS-132 projectile for installing the BM-13 was 1.8 m long, 132 mm in diameter and weighed 42.5 kg.

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On the eve of the war, rifle troops were equipped with automatic weapons. Designers V.A. Degtyarev, F.V. Tokarev, S.G. Simonov, G.S. Shpagin and others in the prewar years created different kinds automatic weapons: self-loading rifles (SVT), light and anti-aircraft machine guns, submachine gun (PPD and PPSh). By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War firepower rifle battalion was about 15980 rounds per minute. This significantly increased the firepower of the infantry troops.

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In the early 1930s, Soviet gunsmiths developed a potentially new individual automatic melee weapon that combined the fighting qualities of a pistol (light weight, portability) and a machine gun (high firepower). Prototypes of machine guns were made, the best of which was recognized as the Degtyarev submachine gun (PPD).

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The 152-mm cannon of the 1935 model was designed by a group of engineers led by I.I. Ivanov. She successfully withstood field tests in 1936 and was put into service. This long-range gun, capable of sending a projectile over a distance of almost 26 km, was used in the artillery units of the High Command.

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In 1938, a group of designers led by F.F. Petrov created a 122-mm howitzer, which, by its design, was one of the simplest domestic artillery systems. The howitzer proved itself well during the Great Patriotic War. She successfully suppressed and destroyed enemy manpower and firepower both in open areas and in shelters, destroyed field-type structures and fought artillery and even tanks.

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During the Second World War, the 25-mm automatic anti-aircraft gun was widely used by the Red Army to fight aircraft at ranges up to 2400 m and at altitudes up to 2000 m. If necessary, it could also be fired at light tanks and armored vehicles.

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Soviet 57 mm anti-tank gun ZIS-2 was successfully used during the Great Patriotic War to fight enemy tanks and armored vehicles. According to its characteristics, it had no equal among the small-caliber anti-tank artillery: at initial speed 700 m / s, its projectile at a distance of 500 m pierced armor 100 mm thick.

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In 1942, the Soviet Union developed a new 300 mm M-30 rocket designed to destroy enemy fortifications in the front line. Attached to a powerful over-caliber warhead weighing about 29 kg rocket engine from the M-13 projectile. The aerodynamic qualities of the M-30 were unsatisfactory, which adversely affected the range and accuracy of fire, but they were largely offset by the much greater destructive power of the new projectile. The launch of the M-30 was made from ordinary transport wooden closures. Four or eight of these boxes were placed on a metal frame with removable racks in the front to adjust the elevation angle and coulters to stop in the rear. Launcher M-30

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The first Soviet 82-mm mortar was developed in 1934 and two years later it was put into service under the designation "82-mm battalion mortar mod. 1936. It was a smooth pipe with a biped, resting on a massive slab. A shock absorber, lifting and turning mechanisms and a sight were located on the biped. A feathered mine for firing a shot fell into the barrel of a mortar and, under the influence of its own weight, was pricked with a primer on the firing pin in the breech. The charge of the mine, ignited at the same time, threw it out of the barrel. To increase the firing range between the wings of the tail of the mine, additional charges were invested.

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To partially replace divisional howitzers in 1940, the GAU announced a competition for the creation of a cheaper 160-mm mortar, designed to destroy enemy fortifications at a short firing range. A year later, two prototypes of the mortar developed by the design bureaus of I.G. Teverovsky and B.I. Shavyrin. According to the test results, preference was given to the Teverovsky system, after appropriate modifications, adopted for service under the designation "160-mm mortar mod. 1943".

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At the end of 1942, the Soviet troops switched to offensive operations, and a fairly maneuverable 152-mm corps howitzer with a relatively light weight was required to support the formations. Its development was entrusted to the design bureau under the leadership of F.F. Petrov. They took the barrel from a 152-mm howitzer mod. 1938 (M-10), and put it on the carriage of the 122-mm M-30 divisional howitzer. Thus, just 18 days after the start of work, the new gun under the designation D-1 successfully passed field tests, and then military tests. It was quite light for its class, and the suspension mechanism allowed it to be towed at speeds up to 40 km/h.

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The development of a 50-mm company mortar was started in the Design Bureau of Plant No. 7 at the beginning of 1937. During the year, several prototype mortars were tested. The 50-mm company mortar arr. 1938 was adopted in 1938. Its serial production began in 1939. 1720 mortars were manufactured in a year. For the I-III quarters of 1940, eleven factories were given a plan for 23105 50-mm mortars mod. 1938, by August 1, 1940, 18,994 mortars were manufactured at a price of 3,600 rubles. a piece.

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The mortar is assembled according to a blind scheme (all parts of the mortar are mounted on a base plate) and equipped with a remote valve with gas outlet upwards. Mortar plate stamp-welded membrane type. Three openers were attached to the plate. The mortar carriage consisted of two parts: the lower one, connected to the bearing plate and rotating around the bearing, and the upper one, swinging around the swivel with the lower part of the carriage.

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The barrel of the 280-mm mortar Br-5 was developed at the Barrikady plant under the leadership of Ivanov. Although the Br-5 mortar was not debugged, the Barricades plant launched it into gross production. In total, 20 mortars were delivered in 1939 and another 25 in 1940. In 1941, not a single 280-mm mortar was handed over. After the start of World War II, Br-5 mortars were not produced.

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76.2 mm regimental gun mod. 1927 was widely used during military conflicts on the CER, near Lake Khasan and on the Khalkhin-Gol River, as well as in the first period of the Great Patriotic War. However, for offensive operations The infantry of the Red Army needed a lighter gun with an increased sector of horizontal fire to deal with moving targets. The project of a new regimental gun was developed at the plant in Motovilikha by engineers led by M. Tsirulnikov. They used a method that had already been tried many times, putting the barrel of the old "colonel" on the carriage of a 45-mm anti-tank gun mod. 1942. Thus, the gun's horizontal aiming angle was increased to 60 ° due to the use of sliding beds.

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During the Great Patriotic War, the 37-mm cannon of the 1939 model was the main anti-aircraft gun Red Army to protect ground troops from attacks by low-flying enemy aircraft. Anti-aircraft guns, depending on the situation, were also used in battles with enemy armored vehicles. The 37-mm anti-aircraft gun with the factory index 31-K was developed in 1938 at the plant. Kalinin under the leadership of the chief designer M.N. Loginova. Prototype the machine entered the test in October of the same year and showed pretty good results.

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Main weapon armed forces Russian Federation - Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK). Designer - Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov. His merits were marked by two titles of the Hero of Socialist Labor (1958 and 1976), the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called (1999). A bronze bust was built for him in his homeland. The Kalashnikov weapon is widely known all over the world, the image of the Kalashnikov assault rifle is included in the state emblem of the African state of Mozambique. Automata

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The new family of Kalashnikov assault rifles is designated AK-101 through AK-105. AK-101 and AK-103 have a standard 415mm barrel; AK-102, AK-104 and AK-105 have a short barrel length of 314mm. Sighting range - 800 meters. The rate of fire is 800 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 30 rounds.

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As part of the "hundredth" series, Izhevsk designers have created machines with balanced automation. These are AK-107 and AK-108. In terms of accuracy of firing from unstable positions, these assault rifles are 1.5-2 times superior to conventional Kalashnikov assault rifles.

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The closest expected replacement for the Kalashnikov assault rifle is the Nikonov assault rifle (AN). The release of the machine began in 1998 at Izhmash. The AN-94 assault rifle (designer - Gennady Nikonov) won the test competition of the Abakan program, where the latest developments of Russian gunsmiths in the field of automatic weapons were presented.

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Caliber - 5.45 x 39mm. Sighting range - 600m. The rate of fire is 1800 and 600 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 30 and 45 rounds. Sight - front sight; diopter sight, adjustable. Length: with the butt unfolded - 943mm, with the butt folded - 728mm.

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Gennady Nikolaevich Nikonov worked all his life at Izhmash. He is the owner of the honorary title "Best Designer of the Enterprise" and "Best Designer of the Ministry". His most notable works: Izyubr hunting carbine and AN-94 assault rifle. Currently, the AN-94 assault rifle is in service with the Russian special forces.

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The AEK-973 assault rifle, which was created at the Kovrov Mechanical Plant (KMZ), uses "balanced automation", i.e. the bolt frame and balancer when fired move in different directions with equal speeds, which reduces recoil and increases accuracy. It is in service with the special forces. Caliber - 7.62mm. Sighting range - 1000 meters. The rate of fire is 900 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 30 rounds.

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At the beginning of 1998, the Tula Instrument Design Bureau (TKBP) made a statement that there was a new A-91M rifle-grenade launcher ready for serial production. Caliber - 7.62mm. Sighting range - 800 meters. The rate of fire is (600-800) rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 30 rounds.

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In 1993, the Tula Arms Plant released the OTs-14 Groza rifle-grenade launcher system. The assault rifle was created specifically for combat in urban areas and is in service special units MIA. It is planned to arm this complex of army special forces units. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 400 meters. The rate of fire is 700 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 20 rounds.

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To carry out a special operation, TSNIITOCHMASH developed a small-sized machine gun "Whirlwind". Its small weight and dimensions are combined with the penetration ability of a bullet against a protected target at a distance of 200m. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 400 meters. The rate of fire is 900 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 10 or 20 rounds. Weight - 2kg.

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Sniper rifles Dragunov's SVD sniper rifle is well known both in our country and abroad. SVD was adopted by the Soviet Army in 1963. Caliber - 7.62mm. Sighting range - 1300 meters. The rate of fire is 30 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 10 rounds.

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Since 1991, units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs have been armed with a shortened, automatic sniper rifle (SVU-AS). Caliber - 7.62mm. Sighting range - 1300 meters. The rate of fire is 650 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 10 rounds.

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In 1994, TKBP introduced a self-loading sniper rifle with a special 12.7mm cartridge for engaging manpower in personal armor, lightly armored vehicles, counter-sniper combat, and disabling enemy technical equipment. Caliber - 12.7mm. Sighting range - 2000 meters. The rate of fire is 350 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 5 rounds.

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In 1998, the designers of KMZ (Kovrov) developed a magazine 12.7mm sniper rifle SVN-98, which later became known as the army sniper rifle large-caliber (ASVK). Caliber - 12.7mm. Sighting range - 2000 meters. The rate of fire is 350 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 5 rounds.

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machine guns light machine gun Kalashnikov (RPK) was adopted in 1961. According to the device, the RPK is similar to the Kalashnikov assault rifle. The 590mm long barrel made it possible to increase the effective firing range to 800m. Bipod improved accuracy when firing from a stop. Caliber - 7.62mm. Sighting range - 1000 meters. The rate of fire is 600 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 75 (40) rounds.

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The modernized Kalashnikov machine gun (PKM) was put into service in 1969. The machine gun has a quick-detachable barrel, the fire is automatic, the butt is designed to be held with the left hand. On the basis of PKM, night (PKMN) and easel (PKMS) machine guns were developed. Caliber - 7.62mm. Sighting range - 1500 meters. The rate of fire is 650 rounds per minute. Belt capacity - 100, 200 and 250 rounds.

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A group of employees of TsNIITOCHMASH implemented a set of measures to improve the accuracy of fire from the PKM machine gun, barrel survivability and reduce aiming errors. So the Kalashnikov infantry machine gun "Pecheneg" appeared. Caliber - 7.62mm. Sighting range - 1500 meters. The rate of fire is 650 rounds per minute. Tape capacity - 100 and 200 rounds.

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In 1972, the NSV (Nikitin-Sokolov-Volkov) machine gun of 12.7 mm caliber entered service. In the army, the machine gun was called "Cliff". The NSV is notable for its relatively small weight (25 kg without ammunition), good maneuverability and accuracy of fire. Caliber - 12.7mm. Sighting range - 2000 meters. The rate of fire is 700 rounds per minute. Tape capacity - 50 rounds.

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In the early 1990s, specialists from the Kovrov plant named after. V.A. Degtyarev received a special order from the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation to carry out work on the modernization of the NSV. This is how the Kord machine gun was born (Kovrov gunsmiths-Degtyarevtsy). A new barrel with a muzzle brake and an upgraded barrel locking system ensured an increase in fire accuracy by 1.5-2 times compared to the NSV. Caliber - 12.7mm. Sighting range - 2000 meters. The rate of fire is 750 rounds per minute. Tape capacity - 50 rounds.

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Pistols Makarov pistol (PM) was created in TsKB-14 chambered for 9mm and in 1951 was adopted by the Soviet army. A 9 x 18 PM jacketed bullet with a steel core is capable of penetrating three 25.4mm thick pine boards at a distance of 20m. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 50 meters. Combat rate of fire - 30 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 8 rounds.

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In 1994, the modernized Makarov pistol (PMM) was created. The combat properties were increased, first of all, due to the use of a new high-impulse cartridge 9 x 18 PMM. The penetrating and stopping effect has increased. Accuracy of fire increased by 2-2.5 times. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 50 meters. Combat rate of fire - 30 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 12 rounds.

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In January 2000, the GSh-18 pistol (Gryazev-Shipunov), developed at TKBP chambered for 9 x 19mm, entered state trials. At a distance of 20m, the bullet pierces 8mm steel sheet. In 2003, the GSh-18 was put into service as an army pistol. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 50 meters. Combat rate of fire - 20 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 18 rounds.

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In 1951, simultaneously with the PM, the 9mm Stechkin automatic pistol (APS) entered service. The safety lever of this pistol also serves as a fire mode translator. The flag has three positions - fuse, single fire and continuous fire. The sight is designed for a range of 25, 50, 100 and 200m. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 200 meters. Combat rate of fire - 40 (90) rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 20 rounds.

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In 2003, the Russian army adopted self-loading pistol Serdyukov (SPS) chambered for 9 x 21mm. This pistol is a logical continuation of the pistols "Gyurza" (1993) and "Vector" (1996). Bullets fired from the SPS reliably hit targets in armor protection, in cars, at a distance of 40m they pierce 5mm steel sheet. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 100 meters. Combat rate of fire - 36 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 18 rounds.

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In 1993 The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation announced a competition for the invention of a pistol for the Russian cartridge of increased penetration 9 x 19mm. The Yarygin pistol (PYa), produced in Izhevsk (IMZ), reached the final of the competition. In 2003, the PJ was adopted. At a distance of 10m, the bullet pierces a 7mm steel plate, at a distance of 35m - 5mm. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 50 meters. Combat rate of fire - 20 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 17 rounds.

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Submachine guns At the beginning of 1990. The Ministry of Internal Affairs needed an intermediate class weapon between a pistol and a shortened machine gun (AKS 74U). By 1994, IMZ supplied the Kedr submachine gun (PP-91) to the troops. The PP-91 uses standard Makarov pistol cartridges. In the same year, the Ministry of Internal Affairs received the Klin software, which could use PMM cartridges. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 50 meters. Combat rate of fire - 40 (100) rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 17 rounds.

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The Tula KBP in 1991 introduced the PP-90 folding pistol. The weapon is designed to suddenly appear in the owner's hand and open fire. The weapon is brought to battle from the folded position in 3-4 seconds. depending on the training of the fighter. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 100 meters. The rate of fire is 800 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 30 rounds.

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In the early 1990s, the Kovrovsky MZ developed the Kashtan software. For this PP, box magazines for 20 and 30 rounds have been developed. PP "Kashtan" is equipped with a device for low-noise firing (PMS). A red dot sight can be used or laser pointer. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 100 meters. Combat rate of fire - 40 (100) rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 20 or 30 rounds.

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In the mid-1990s, the FSB of the Russian Federation acted as a customer for a submachine gun chambered for 9 x 21mm, which provides guaranteed defeat of a single target in personal armor protection at a distance of 200m. Aimed shooting from one and two hands should be allowed. In 2000 The FSB adopted the Veresk PP (SR.2). Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 200 meters. Combat rate of fire - 900 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 20 or 30 rounds.

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In 1996 the designers of the Izhevsk MZ created a submachine gun based on the Kalashnikov assault rifle. The Bizon software entered service with the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Most interesting feature"Bison" is a screw magazine with cartridges stacked in screw grooves. Caliber - 9mm. Sighting range - 150 meters. The rate of fire is 680 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity - 64 rounds.

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United District Training Point pre-conscription training of the Vyborgsky district Armament of the Russian Army teacher-organizer Buylov V.A.

Self-propelled anti-tank gun "Sprut-SD" "A self-propelled anti-tank gun left the landed military transport helicopter Mi-26T, which immediately rushed to the river. Without slowing down, the machine 125-mm self-propelled anti-tank gun 2s25 "SPRUT-SD" Experts note that new self-propelled guns with parameters light tank, in terms of maneuverability and maneuverability comparable to the BMD-3, it has, at the same time, the firepower of the main battle tank and can even be compared with the T-90. In addition, the Sprut-SD has a unique hydropneumatic chassis, which allows the combat vehicle to move smoothly in off-road conditions at speeds up to 70 km per hour and significantly improves the conditions for firing on the move. Sprut-SD also has amphibious capabilities. The self-propelled guns are capable of overcoming water obstacles at a speed of up to 10 km per hour afloat. Tests conducted in the North Sea showed that in a storm of up to 3 points, an armored vehicle freely fires at established targets. In addition, she lands from cargo ships onto the water surface and independently returns to the ship. All these qualities plus circular rotation towers and stabilization of weapons in two planes determine the possibility of using the "Octopus" as a light amphibious tank. In terms of combat and operational capabilities, Russian lightly armored vehicles surpass all existing ones. foreign analogues. For example, not a single machine in the world is able to work in the mountains at an altitude of up to 4000 meters, change the clearance by 400 mm, swim with sea waves up to 3 points, go out and enter the landing ship from the water and land with the crew.

Long-range multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) "Smerch" (9K58) is designed to destroy any group targets on the distant approaches, the vulnerable elements of which are open and sheltered manpower, unarmoured, lightly armored and armored vehicles of motorized infantry and tank companies, artillery units, tactical missiles , anti-aircraft systems and helicopters in the parking lots, the destruction of command posts, communication centers and objects of the military-industrial structure. Specifications Caliber, mm 300 Projectile weight, kg 800..815 Firing range, km: - maximum 90 - minimum 20 Number of BM guides, pcs 12 Volley time, s 38 BM loading time, min 20 over, min. 3 Time to urgently leave the firing position after a volley, min Climatic conditions operating temperature range combat use RS, °С -50..+50 Temperature range of BM combat use, °С -40..+50 Range of short-term (up to 6 hours) stay of RS, °С -60..+60 Surface wind, m/s up to 20 Relative Humidity air at 35°С, % up to 98 Rain with intensity, mm/min up to 2.7 Dust content of surface air, g/m3 up to 2 Altitude, m up to 3000

Transport-loading vehicle 9T234-2 Specifications Chassis MAZ-543M Number of projectiles transported, pcs 12 Weight of TZM with shells and crew, kg 41500 Crane lifting capacity, kg 850 Max Speed, km 60 Fuel range, km 850 Dimensions in stowed position, mm: - length - width - height 13600 3130 3250

Specifications Chassis TATRA 816 Caliber, mm 300 Number of rails, pcs 12 Full salvo time, no more than, s 40 Weight of BM with shells and crew, kg 38400 Combat crew, pers 3 Maximum speed, km/h 90 Dimensions in stowed position, mm : - length - width - height 12400 3025 3435 Fuel range, km 1000 Equipping the 9A52-2 combat vehicle with on-board control and communication equipment (ABUS) and an automated guidance and fire control system (ASUNO) provides: - automated high-speed reception (transmission) information and its protection from unauthorized access, display of information on the scoreboard and its storage; - autonomous topographic location, navigation and orientation of the combat vehicle on the ground with display on an electronic map; - automatic guidance of a package of guides without leaving the crew from the cab.

Transport-loading vehicle 9T234-2T Specifications Chassis TATRA 816 Number of projectiles transported, pcs 12 Weight of TZM with shells and crew, kg 36200 Crane capacity, kg 850 Maximum speed, km/h 90 Fuel range, km 1000 Dimensions in stowed position , mm: - length - width - height 12660 3050 3535 Calculation, persons 3

Projectiles of the Smerch complex 300-mm 9M55K rocket projectile with a warhead with fragmentation submunitions Designed to destroy manpower and unarmored military equipment in their concentration areas. Specifications Weight, kg 800 Length, mm 7600 Weight of warhead, kg 243 Length of warhead, mm 2049 Number of combat elements, pcs 72 Weight of the warhead (BE), kg 1.75 4.5 g - weighing 0.75 g 96 360 BE self-destruction time, s 110 Firing range, km: - maximum - minimum 70 20 Weight of container with two projectiles, kg 1934

Projectiles of the Smerch complex 300-mm 9M55K1 rocket projectile with self-aiming submunitions Designed to strike groups of armored military equipment and tanks from above. Specifications Weight, kg 800 Length, mm 7600 Weight of warhead, kg 243 Length of warhead, mm 2049 Number of combat elements, pcs 5 Mass of combat element (BE), kg 15 Mass of explosive substance BE, kg 4.5 Armor penetration at an angle of 30 ° from the normal to the armor from a distance of 100 m 70 mm of homogeneous armor Firing range, km: - maximum - minimum 70 20 Mass of a container with two shells, kg 1934

Projectiles of the Smerch complex 300 mm 9M55K4 rocket projectile with warhead for anti-tank mining of the terrain Designed for operational remote setting anti-tank mines deep fields both in front of enemy military equipment units located at the line of attack, and in the area of ​​​​their concentration. Specifications Weight, kg 800 Length, mm 7600 Mass of warhead, kg 243 Length of warhead, mm 2049 Number of anti-tank mines, pcs 25 Weight of mine, kg 4.85 dimensions mines, mm 330x84x84 Mass of explosive, kg 1.85 Time of self-destruction of mines, hour 16-24 Firing range, km: - maximum - minimum 70 20 Weight of container with two projectiles, kg 1934

Projectiles of the "Smerch" complex 300-mm 9M55K5 rocket projectile with warheads with cumulative-fragmentation warheads Designed to destroy open and covered manpower and lightly armored military equipment. Specifications Weight, kg 800 Length, mm 7600 Warhead weight, kg 243 Number of combat elements, pcs 646 Mass of the combat element (BE), kg 0.24 Firing range, km: - maximum - minimum 70 25 BE self-destruction time, s 130 ..260 Thickness of penetrated homogeneous armor, mm 120

Projectiles of the "Smerch" complex 300-mm rocket projectile 9M55S with a thermobaric warhead Designed to destroy manpower, open and sheltered in fortifications open type and objects of unarmored and lightly armored military equipment. Specifications Mass, kg 800 Length, mm 7600 Mass of warhead, kg 243 Mass of explosive mixture, kg 100 Warhead self-liquidation time, s 110..160 Firing range, km: - maximum - minimum 70 25

Projectiles of the Smerch complex 300-mm 9M528 rocket projectile with a high-explosive fragmentation warhead Designed to destroy manpower, unarmored and lightly armored military equipment in their concentration areas, destroy command posts, communication centers and military-industrial structures. Specifications Mass, kg 815 Length, mm 7600 Mass of warhead, kg 243 Mass of explosive mixture, kg 95 Mass of finished submunition, g 50 Firing range, km: - maximum - minimum 90 25

Projectiles of the Smerch complex 300-mm 9M55F rocket with a detachable high-explosive fragmentation warhead Designed to destroy manpower, unarmored and lightly armored military equipment in their concentration areas, destroy command posts, communication centers and military-industrial facilities. Specifications Mass, kg 810 Length, mm 7600 Mass of warhead, kg 258 Mass of explosive, kg 95 Mass of projectile, g 50 Firing range, km: - maximum - minimum 70 25 Weight of container with two projectiles, kg 1954

Specifications Firing range, km: - maximum 35 - minimum 10 Number of combat vehicle (BM) guides, pcs 16 Projectile caliber, mm 220 Projectile mass, kg 270..280 Volley time, s 20 TZM), pcs 16 Calculation of BM, pers. 4 Calculation of BM, pers. operation Temperature range of combat use, °С - missiles (RS) -50..+50 - BM, TZM -40..+50 Temperature range of short-term (up to 6 hours) stay of RS, °С -60..+60 Surface wind, m/s up to 20 Relative air humidity at 20..25°С, % up to 98 Surface air dust content, g/m3 up to 2 Altitude above sea level, m up to 3000

Transport-loading vehicle 9T452 The transport-loading vehicle 9T452 is designed for transporting Uragan MLRS shells and for loading and unloading the 9P140 combat vehicle. Specifications Chassis ZIL-135LM Number of projectiles transported 16 Weight of loaded vehicle with calculation, kg 20000 Maximum speed with full load on paved roads, km/h 65 Fuel range, km 500 Calculation, pers 2

Tactical missile system 9K79-1 "Tochka-U" Missile system 9K79-1 "Tochka-U" Year adopted for service 1989 Designed by Design Bureau of Mechanical Engineering Kolomna Minimum firing range, km 15 - 20 Maximum firing range, km 120 Max Height trajectory, km 26 Flight time at maximum range, s 136 Preparation time for launch from readiness No. 1, min 2 Preparation time for launch from march, min 16 Start inclined at an angle of 78 degrees

Anti-tank missile system "Chrizantema-S" The firing process is fully automated. The complex is placed on the BMP-3 chassis, there are 15 missiles in the ammo rack, automatic loading. The operator can choose the type of missile with a particular warhead without leaving the vehicle. The ability of "Chrysanthemum-S" to fire at two different targets in two channels - radar and laser - has no analogues. This is the most powerful anti-tank missile in the world, capable of hitting not only any modern, but also all promising tanks. The missile penetrates armor 1.100-1.200 mm thick behind dynamic protection. Three combat vehicles"Chrysanthemum-S" are able to successfully repel the attack of a company of tanks in the amount of fourteen units.

122-mm multiple launch rocket system BM-21 "Grad"

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Motor Rifle Troops MOTOR RIFLE TROOPS, the most numerous branch of the Ground Forces (since 1963). The motorized rifle troops have preserved the best traditions of the Russian and Soviet infantry, which was called the "queen of the fields." They consist of motorized rifle formations, units and subunits, which include motorized rifle, artillery, tank and other units and subunits.

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TANK TROOPS TANK TROOPS, a branch of the ground forces. They consist of tank, motorized rifle (mechanized, motorized infantry), missile, artillery and other subunits and units. This is the main strike force of the Ground Forces. They are equipped with tanks (T-72, T-80, T-90), self-propelled artillery("Geocint", "Msta"), missile weapons and others. Tank troops are characterized by high maneuverability and increased resistance to the effects of nuclear weapons. Modern tank troops are capable of making rapid marches over long distances, breaking through the defenses and developing the offensive at a high pace, overcoming water obstacles on the move in fords and at crossing facilities.

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ROCKET TROOPS AND ARTILLERY ROCKET TROOPS AND ARTILLERY, a branch of the Ground Forces, created in the early 60s. in the Armed Forces of the USSR for nuclear and fire destruction of the enemy. Rocket troops and artillery, as a branch of service, are retained in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Currently in service missile troops and artillery stand jet systems salvo fire "Grad", "Smerch", "Hurricane", artillery guns D-30 and other weapons. All types of weapons were tested and showed high efficiency during the fighting in Afghanistan and on the territory of the Chechen Republic.

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AIR DEFENSE TROOPS The air defense of the ground forces is a complex of combat operations of various air defense forces and means, which are in service with units and subunits of the ground forces. The air defense of the ground forces is organized with the aim of defeating the enemy's air attack means, repulsing enemy air and missile strikes against troops and rear facilities, and also prohibiting air reconnaissance. Today, the air defense of the ground forces is armed with effective and mobile anti-aircraft missile systems: Shilka, Stlela-10, Kub, Tunguska, portable anti-aircraft missile system(MANPADS) Strela-3, Igla, Igla-1, etc.

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SPECIAL TROOPS FOR INTELLIGENCE FOR COMMUNICATIONS OF ELECTRONIC WARFARE ENGINEERING RADIATION CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION UNITS AND UNITS OF TECHNICAL PROTECTION FORMATIONS OF THE PARTS AND INSTITUTIONS OF THE REAR

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SPECIAL TROOPS SPECIAL TROOPS, units and units designed to perform special tasks to support the combat and daily activities of the armed forces (in engineering, radio engineering, chemical, etc.) and having special technical equipment. For the successful and timely solution of the assigned tasks, there are units of military intelligence, radio and radio engineering, engineering and other special types intelligence. At present, many special forces units have been created to combat illegal armed gangs in the territory. Chechen Republic and in Tajikistan. In the years afghan war 1979-1989, special forces units proved their effectiveness, they were engaged in reconnaissance, destroyed caravans with weapons and gangs of the formation of dushmans

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INTELLIGENCE TROOPS For the successful conduct of modern combat, it is necessary, first of all, to know the enemy well, his forces, means and nature of action. To provide these data to commanders and staffs of all levels, there is the most important type of combat support for troop operations - reconnaissance. Only where reconnaissance is carried out successfully and actively, purposefully, combat missions are solved successfully and with the least losses. On the contrary, poorly organized reconnaissance has always been the main reason for the failure of military operations. This is evidenced by the experience of conducting combat operations during the Great Patriotic War, during the operations of a limited contingent of Soviet troops in Afghanistan, and during operations to combat illegal armed formations in Chechnya.

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COMMUNICATION TROOPS Military communications are indispensable integral part management of the Armed Forces, its material basis. The efficiency of command and control of troops, the timeliness of the use of combat means and weapons largely depend on its condition and functioning. In its development, military communications have traveled a long and difficult path, inextricably linked with the history of the creation of the Armed Forces, changes in the forms and methods of their use, and the improvement of military art. From the simplest sound and visual means of communication for transmitting signals and commands directly on the battlefield to widely branched multi-channel, modern automated systems capable of providing communication over an almost unlimited range with both stationary and moving objects located on land, on water, under water and in the air - this is the historical path of development and improvement of military communications

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ENGINEERING TROOPS ENGINEERING TROOPS, special troops intended for engineering support fighting troops. In the Russian army, they consist of engineer-sapper (sapper), engineering-road, pontoon-bridge, crossing-landing and other formations, units and subunits. They are equipped with a variety of high-performance equipment for the implementation of complex labor-intensive engineering work, various ferry-landing and pontoon-bridge means for forcing water barriers at high speed, means for quick creation anti-tank, anti-personnel and other obstacles.

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CONNECTIONS, PARTS AND INSTITUTIONS OF THE LOGO Modern combined arms combat is primarily characterized by wide application nuclear missile weapons, participation in it a large number troops. It is also characterized by great tension, maneuverability, high rates, rapid and abrupt changes in the situation, actions by subunits and units in separate directions and with a separation from the main forces. Modern combat will require a significant expenditure of ammunition, fuel, lubricants and others material resources. In the course of hostilities, it will become necessary to organize the evacuation and repair of a large number of armored, automotive and tractor equipment and weapons, as well as the evacuation and provision of medical care to the wounded and sick. Consequently, logistic support is one of important factors that ensure victory in battle. It includes measures to organize and implement the material, technical and medical support of the troops. The rear units and subunits with stocks of materiel, which are part of the formations, units and subunits, constitute the military rear. They are intended for their material, technical and medical support. Consequently, the military rear consists of the rear of divisions, regiments and battalions, it is a grassroots link that directly provides units, subunits and each serviceman with everything necessary for life and combat.

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TROOPS OF RADIATION, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION The troops of radiation, chemical and biological protection are special forces Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Their main purpose is to organize the protection of troops, the population and rear facilities from radiation, chemical and biological hazards both in peacetime and in wartime. Thus, the troops of radiation, chemical and biological protection are currently entrusted with the following tasks: detection and detection of nuclear explosions; conducting radiation, chemical and biological reconnaissance, conducting dosimetric and chemical control; assessment of the radiation, chemical and biological situation after the use by the enemy of weapons of mass destruction, destruction (accidents) of radiation, chemically, biologically hazardous objects; implementation of special processing of personnel, weapons, equipment, disinfection of terrain and military facilities; control over changes in the degree of contamination of the area with radioactive products; inflicting losses on the enemy by using incendiary weapons; aerosol countermeasures against highly accurate weapons and enemy reconnaissance equipment; implementation of aerosol (smoke) camouflage of troops and objects; supply of formations and units with weapons and means of radiation, chemical and biological protection; repair of weapons and means of radiation, chemical and biological protection; assessment of the consequences and forecasting of possible radiation, chemical and biological conditions; elimination of the consequences of accidents (destruction) at radiation, chemically and biologically hazardous facilities.

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PARTS AND SUBDIVISIONS OF TECHNICAL SUPPORT Special technical support includes: - nuclear technical; - rocket-technical; - technical and metrological. In turn, technical support, along with support by type of equipment: - artillery and technical; - tank-technical; - auto-technical; - engineering and technical; - chemical and technical; - engineering and aviation (including technical support for rear services); - technical support of communication facilities and automated control systems.

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FIGHTER-BOMBER AVIATION a type of military aviation; designed to destroy air and ground facilities enemy. It is armed with jet supersonic fighter-bombers; designed to destroy enemy air and ground assets. It is armed with jet supersonic fighter-bombers

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ATTACK AVIATION ATTACK AVIATION A type of combat aircraft designed to destroy, as a rule, small-sized and mobile ground (sea) targets. The main task of attack aviation is air support for ground forces and naval forces. Organizational formations of attack aviation may be part of army (military), front (tactical) aviation and aviation of the Navy (Navy), and in a number of foreign armies - also part of aircraft carrier aviation or marine aviation.

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FIGHTER AVIATION FIGHTER AVIATION a kind of military aviation; designed to destroy enemy air assets.

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reconnaissance aviation Reconnaissance aviation, a type of long-range (strategic), front-line aviation and naval aviation, designed to conduct aerial reconnaissance in order to obtain information about the enemy in land and sea (ocean) theaters of military operations. In armies, most developed countries R. a. It is armed with manned aircraft and unmanned vehicles with special technical equipment that allows reconnaissance day and night in various ways: visually, photographing and radar detection. In Russia, aircraft for conducting aerial reconnaissance were first used on maneuvers of the troops of the Petrograd, Warsaw, and Kyiv military districts in 1911. During World War II, the number of aircraft specially equipped for conducting aerial reconnaissance and used to perform reconnaissance tasks increased sharply. To the Great Patriotic War 1941-45 in the Soviet Armed Forces for conducting aerial reconnaissance were used during the day: Su-2, Pe-2, Pe-3, Il-2 and Il-4; at night - SB, DB-3, R-5 and Po-2 aircraft. In the postwar years, modern jet planes, equipped with high-quality photo and electronic equipment, its parts and subunits, except for flight ones, include ground bodies with equipment for photolaboratory and photogrammetric work.

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TRANSPORT AVIATION transport aviation consists of airborne transport and special aviation. Its main tasks are: air transportation of troops to the areas of a combat unit during the strategic deployment of the Armed Forces, air transportation of troops, military equipment and cargo to areas of armed conflicts; air transportation in the interests of maneuvering aviation formations and units in order to create new air groupings and strengthen those operating in the most important strategic directions.