Types of military activity and their features in various types of the Armed Forces and combat arms. Types of military activity Combat activity
In military activity, three main elements can be conditionally distinguished: combat training, service and combat activities, and real fighting.
Educational combat training- this is a system of measures for the training and education of military personnel, combat service of units and subunits to prepare them for conducting joint military operations or performing other tasks. This training is primarily aimed at ensuring high level combat readiness of units and subunits, i.e., their ability to successfully conduct combat operations and perform combat missions.
Combat training ensures a high military-professional level of personnel of units and subunits. It is carried out continuously both in peacetime and in war time and includes classes, exercises, live firing, training, during which military personnel study military regulations, weapons and military equipment, methods of action in combat, and subunits and units practice methods of action in the performance of combat missions.
Combat training has a number of features. It has a clearly expressed collective orientation and is organized in such a way that in the course of training individual military personnel are simultaneously trained and military units are being prepared for joint operations. It's basically practical training aimed at mastering by soldiers weapons and military equipment and skillful use of them in combat.
The highest form of combat training is exercises in which methods of using weapons and military equipment in combat are worked out, and combat coordination of subunits and units is carried out. The exercises are carried out in any weather, on real terrain, with standard weapons and equipment, in an environment as close as possible to combat.
Service and combat activities are designed to ensure a high level of combat readiness of subunits and units - their ability in any conditions to start military operations on time. The degree of combat readiness in Peaceful time should ensure the rapid transition of troops to martial law and organized entry into hostilities, and in wartime - the ability to immediately carry out the assigned combat missions.
Service and combat activities include combat duty, guard and internal service.
Combat duty is the performance of a combat mission. It is carried out by duty forces and means assigned from military units and subunits and are in full combat readiness to perform suddenly arising tasks or conduct combat operations. The composition of the forces and means on duty includes combat crews, crews of ships, de-
Women belong to the third category of the reserve, having military ranks officers - are in the reserve up to 50 years, and the rest - up to 45 years.
Citizens who have reached the age limit for being in the reserve or who are declared unfit for military service for health reasons are transferred to the resignation and removed from military registration.
Questions and tasks
1. What are the terms in the Russian Federation for the call of citizens for military service?
3. What items are military personnel allowed to store in their bedside table?
5. List the main types of military activities. Which one do you think is the most important and why?
6. What is the purpose of creating a reserve of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation?
7. Prepare a message on the purpose and content of military service by conscription or military service under contract.
Ensuring the security of military service | General requirements to be the dangers of military service
military service security- is to ensure the security of military personnel, the population and the environment natural environment from threats arising in the course of the activities of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
The security of military service is carried out in accordance with the following principles: ensuring the priority of the life and health of people in the organization of the daily activities of the troops; compliance with the law; the adequacy of the measures taken to threats to the security of military service; the complexity and continuous preventive focus of the measures taken; a clear delineation of the functions, powers and responsibilities of military command and control bodies and military officials; state guarantees of the rights and socio-economic support of military personnel in case of harm to their life and health.
Security requirements that determine the security of military personnel are established by legislative acts and regulatory and technical documentation, rules and instructions. In order to fulfill these requirements, briefings are conducted with military personnel, which are divided into introductory, primary, repeated, unscheduled and targeted.
Introductory briefings are held officials management of the military unit: with all military personnel - upon their arrival for military service; with students and cadets who arrived at the unit for practice (internship) - before it begins; with persons seconded to the unit - upon their arrival at the unit. The introductory briefing program is approved by the commander of the military unit.
Primary briefings are conducted by unit commanders directly at the places of performance of official and special duties individually with each newly arrived serviceman, practically showing safe techniques and methods for performing these duties.
Repeated briefings are also conducted by unit commanders under the programs of primary briefings at least once every six months.
Unscheduled briefings are conducted by unit commanders when new instructions are introduced on security requirements, when new weapons, machinery and equipment are received, when reviews and information about incidents are received, when violations of security measures by military personnel are detected; breaks in the performance of warriors official duties over two months.
Target briefings of personnel are carried out before taking up combat duty ( military service); in preparation for guard duty; each time when performing work associated with increased danger; when transporting military personnel "and explosive goods by all means of transport; upon departure on business trips and vacations; during emergency response; at the beginning bathing season- about the rules of bathing; as well as in other cases by decision of the unit or formation commander.
I Doom prevention
| and tr avmatism of military personnel
Commanders and chiefs are obliged to take measures to prevent the death and injury of servicemen. The most important of these measures are:
When organizing and carrying out combat duty, it is necessary to determine the necessary security requirements corresponding to the degrees of combat readiness and allowing timely performance of suddenly arising tasks; the admission of military personnel to combat duty is permitted only after they have been trained in safe methods of performing their duties, actions in emergency and emergency situations, and the rules for providing first aid to victims of accidents;
When working with weapons and military equipment, it is necessary to ensure that it is carried out in strict accordance with the established technological requirements; the admission of military personnel to the right to operate technical means to perform work on their maintenance and repair is allowed only after training and passing the test for the right to work independently;
When carrying out combat training measures, security measures must be provided and those responsible for their implementation should be identified; special attention should be paid to the selection and professional training of class leaders, the equipment of their venues, the serviceability of weapons and military equipment, imitation tools, and the ability of personnel to comply with safety requirements in the classroom.
When personnel perform guard and internal services, special attention should be focused on compliance with safety requirements when handling weapons, the psychological readiness of each serviceman to perform their duties, and ensuring systematic monitoring of the performance by officials daily outfit their functional responsibilities.
I Medical support security military service
Medical support for military personnel is a set of measures to preserve and strengthen their health, provide them with medical care, treatment and the fastest recovery of working capacity and combat capability after illnesses and injuries. This provision includes sanitary and epidemiological supervision, anti-epidemic and therapeutic and preventive measures, the supply of medical equipment and property, the scientific development of military medicine problems, and ensuring high combat and mobilization readiness of the medical service.
Military personnel and citizens called up for military training have the right to free medical care and the devil
paid provision of medicines, other medical equipment by prescription of doctors in military medical institutions. For the medical support of servicemen, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation has a wide network of military medical institutions, which includes 220 military hospitals with approximately 65,000 beds. Among them are such highly specialized medical institutions as the Main Military Clinical Hospital. N. N. Burdenko and the Central Military Clinical Hospital. A. A. Vishnevsky. Every year, more than 700,000 people are treated in military hospitals, about 200,000 surgeries and more than 25 million diagnostic tests are performed. In addition to hospitals, there are 153 outpatient and polyclinic institutions, 44 sanatoriums and rest homes for 22,000 beds at the service of military personnel.
Service and combat activities internal troops represents continuous, active, coordinated and interconnected in terms of goals, tasks, place and time military, administrative and economic and other types of activities of districts, formations to military units, carried out independently or jointly with the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, other federal executive bodies of the Russian Federation Federation in order to successfully fulfill the assigned tasks.
Military activity is a set various forms the use of troops and methods of military operations, as well as reconnaissance measures used by the internal troops in the performance of the tasks assigned to them. It is based on the use of personnel, weapons and equipment, other means that are in service with internal troops, and includes: military service, actions under emergency circumstances (emergency situations), participation in special operations, fighting in wartime.
military service - performance of duties of military service by servicemen of the internal troops as part of a guard, garrison, outpost, military outfit, as well as as part of military units (subdivisions) in the performance of assigned tasks.
Combat service is subdivided into a patrol service, a service for ensuring public security during mass events, guard, search, regime-commandant and regime-quarantine.
Guard- an armed unit or part of it, assigned to perform a combat mission of guarding and defending an object (section of the ZATO perimeter, special cargo).
sentry - armed sentry, performing combat mission for the protection and defense of the post assigned to him.
Post - everything entrusted for the protection and defense of the sentry, as well as the place or area of \u200b\u200bthe terrain in which he performs his duties.
Outpost- a full-time unit intended for the direct performance of the service and combat mission of protecting a section of a controlled zone and checkpoints of a closed administrative-territorial formation or an artificial structure on a communication line (some other objects). When performing tasks to ensure the regime of a state of emergency, an outpost is a military detachment assigned to prevent the entry of unauthorized persons and unauthorized passage of vehicles into a protected area. Under these conditions, the outpost is reinforced with armored vehicles (armored personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles), ZU-23-2, SPG-9, AGS-17, RPG-7, vehicles and mobile (portable) communications, service dogs, is allocated for service from the military unit by order commander of a military unit for up to 7 days. An officer of the regular unit is appointed as the head of the outpost.
The outpost can perform the following tasks:
Prevent the presence of armed citizens in the security zone, take measures to detain and disarm them, up to and including destruction in the event of armed resistance;
Ensure the safety of field agricultural work in the security zone and near it if citizens have passes and applications in the prescribed form, signed by the commandant and the head of the administration of the given district (settlement);
Conduct surveillance and reconnaissance at the approaches to the outpost, settlements, facilities located in the area of responsibility;
Prevent armed formations from breaking through the security zone in their area of responsibility in close cooperation with neighboring units;
Carry out, if necessary, check the documents of citizens, and according to the available data on the possession of weapons by them, conduct their personal search and search Vehicle.
The equipment of the location of the outpost depends on various terrain conditions. The basis of the location of the outpost is a strong point; taking into account the fact that the outpost must be ready to conduct all-round defense, both main and reserve firing positions are equipped at its location. Depending on the terrain, the outpost is assigned a zone of responsibility within 2-3 km in order to prevent the breakthrough of armed formations through the security zone to settlements (objects). Within the same limits, trenches (positions) can be opened in advance on the ground, which the personnel occupies according to the combat crew. The main attention is paid to the organization of the fire system. For each position, a fire card is issued in accordance with the requirements of the Combat Regulations of the Ground Forces.
From the outpost, fixed and mobile posts can be assigned to firing positions along the boundaries of the strong point, observation posts, patrols and maneuver groups.
Garrison - a unit temporarily assigned to guard and defend an object (a section of the perimeter of an object) and perform other tasks within the time limits set by the senior commander without a daily shift by another unit.
Methods of military operations. Depending on the current situation and the assigned task, the internal troops use the following methods of military operations: search; blocking; the pursuit; environment; cordon; dispersal (displacement); patrolling; security; escort; accompaniment; observation; demonstrative actions; cover; containment; release; capture; inspection.
In wartime, as well as when participating in measures to eliminate illegal armed formations, if they offer armed resistance, repel an attack on protected objects, internal troops can conduct military operations.
Search - actions of military units (subdivisions) to detect and detain criminals in their likely locations.
Blocking- actions of subdivisions (units) to isolate the area (object) where an illegal armed formation (criminals, enemy) is located in order to prevent exit from it, to ensure their search and detention.
Environment - actions of formations (military units, divisions) to isolate a detected illegal armed group (criminals, enemy) in order to detain or liquidate them.
cordon- actions of formations (military units) to isolate the area (object) riots in a populated area, an emergency area and while ensuring public safety during mass events in order to prevent unauthorized entry (exit) of citizens to this area (to the facility).
Dispersal (displacement)- actions of formations (military units) to dissect the accumulation of participants in mass riots into separate groups in order to ensure the removal of the organizers and restore order.
Patrolling - a way to perform a task by a sentry, military detachment on the ground (section of a controlled or restricted zone), route (area) in order to protect public order, monitor objects, lines, directions and areas.
Escort- a method of military operations used for the protection and defense of important cargo during transportation, the evacuated population (refugees) and in other cases from the reception point to the destination and back. Trains (road trains) passing through quarantine areas are also accompanied by military orders of formations (military units).
containment as a method of military operations is used by formations (military units) with a lack of forces and means or when other methods of action are inexpedient or unprofitable.
Release- a method of military operations in order to free from blocking protected objects, military camps, units (subdivisions), military orders.
The pursuit - the relentless movement of units (military units), military personnel behind hiding criminals (violators, the enemy) in order to detain them.
Capture - the actions of units to storm the location of armed offenders, their detention, and with active resistance - liquidation.
Cover - actions of units to ensure the fulfillment of the task by the capture (seizure) group, support it with fire, special means.
Inspection - actions of units for checking objects, vehicles in order to detect wanted criminals, seize illegally stored (transported) weapons, ammunition, explosives, narcotic substances and other items and substances prohibited in civil circulation.
Patrol service - military service of military outfits dressed up from special motorized military units (military units of operational purpose), carried out jointly with the internal affairs bodies in order to protect public order, ensure public safety and fight crime on the streets, transport facilities, and in other public places of cities and towns points.
Service for ensuring public security during mass events - combat service of special motorized formations and military units, operational formations and military units, carried out jointly with the internal affairs bodies in order to protect public order and ensure public safety in the area (place) of a mass event.
guard service - combat service of guards, garrisons and outposts, dressed up from military units and subdivisions for the protection of important state facilities and special cargoes, places of special work, facilities on communications, warehouses and military bases of the district departments of logistics and military supply of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, carried out in order to ensuring the safety of objects and their material means, suppressing an attack on an object, the penetration of violators and prohibited items into the object (from the object).
Regime and commandant service - combat service of military units, subdivisions and military detachments to ensure the state of emergency, protect public order and public safety, carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in areas where a state of emergency has been introduced.
Regime-quarantine service - combat service of military units, subdivisions and military detachments to ensure isolation and restrictive measures, protect public order and ensure public safety in an emergency area, carried out to eliminate the consequences of accidents, disasters, fires, natural disasters, epidemics and epizootics.
MILITARY ATTRACTIONS
military outfit - this is a unit (group of military personnel) assigned to carry out combat service for the protection of public order, ensuring public safety, the state of emergency, for actions in emergency circumstances (emergency situations) and in special operations, as well as for the protection of special cargo on certain types transport.
When performing tasks for the protection of public order, the following types of military outfits are assigned: patrol, order guard post, military chain and outfit at the checkpoint.
When performing tasks to ensure the regime of a state of emergency, in emergency circumstances, in the aftermath of emergency situations, other emergency circumstances and in special operations, in addition to the above military outfits, the following are appointed from formations (military units): search and search groups; ambushes; patrols; observation posts; checkpoints (including mobile ones); maneuver groups; barriers; search posts and other military outfits.
The number, armament and equipment of military detachments in each individual case are established by the commander of the military unit (compound) and are additionally agreed with the senior operational chief when serving in the protection of public order and ensuring public safety.
The following are appointed to the military detachment: the chief of the military detachment, the assistant chief of the military detachment (if there are more than three people) and the required number of servicemen.
All chiefs of guards and full-time chiefs of military detachments are trained at the training camp, pass tests and are given orders by the military unit.
The protection of objects can be carried out in the following ways: by posting sentries, operational guard duty or mixed.
The method of protection is the procedure for the use of forces and means of guards (garrisons, outposts) and military detachments and the tactics of their actions when performing tasks of guarding and defending an object.
Guard posts are guarded by patrolling in prohibited or controlled areas, as well as periodic observation from guard (observation) towers (platforms) or other places of military service. Some posts can be guarded by fixed sentinel observation from guard (observation) towers (platforms).
When organizing the protection of an object, a sentry, depending on the type of protected object, the degree of equipment of its ITSO, the nature of the terrain and other conditions, is assigned for protection and defense a section of terrain with a length of: when observing from guard (observation) towers (platforms) or other places of military service - up to 400 m (in the forest - up to 250 m, on the water - up to 300 m); patrol method - up to 500 m at night and 1000 m during the day. The length of the post for sentries armed with pistols should not exceed 250 m.
Military outfits from special motorized military units perform the tasks of patrol service both independently and together with employees of the internal affairs bodies, and from military units for operational purposes and military educational institutions - only together with employees of the internal affairs bodies.
The tasks of the patrol service are: ensuring the personal safety of citizens; protection of public order and ensuring public safety; prevention and suppression of crimes and administrative offenses; participation in the detention of persons committing them.
To perform the tasks of the patrol service, military detachments are assigned:
patrol- is designed to perform the duties assigned to it on the patrol route. It consists of 2 or more military personnel (patrol leader and patrolmen). A patrol route is an established route with the adjacent territory within sight and sound. The length of the patrol route, as a rule, is: for foot patrols - 1-1.5 km;
for patrol by car - 6-8 km. Depending on the conditions of service and the situation, the length of the route can be increased or decreased;
security post - is designed to fulfill the duties assigned to it by continuously monitoring a certain area of the territory (object) within a radius of not more than 300 m. It consists of 2 or more military personnel.
More than 2 patrols (posts of law enforcement) are combined into a patrol group under a single leadership. The basis of the patrol group is a patrol by car. A warrant officer or sergeant is appointed as the head of the patrol group.
To carry out patrol service in the internal affairs bodies, a unit of at least a platoon is allocated.
The leadership of the military outfits from the military unit is carried out by the duty ho to the military outfits;
military chain- a military outfit designed to cordon off an area (area) in order to prohibit unorganized passage of citizens into it, as well as to create guide corridors for the movement of citizens and delimiting rectangles (squares) in places where participants in mass events are located. Military chains can be: reinforced - with an interval between military personnel of less than 1 m; normal - with an interval of 1-2 m and rare - with an interval of more than 2 m; single-row and multi-row. The strength of the military chain can be from a squad to a company.
Vehicles, portable obstacles, ropes and other means are used to strengthen military chains;
Checkpoint - a military outfit designed to perform the task of assisting employees of the internal affairs bodies in ensuring access control or restricting the movement of vehicles and pedestrians. Two or more servicemen are appointed to its composition; if necessary, the checkpoint is enhanced by armored vehicles.
As a rule, the checkpoint is combined with the traffic police post. In all cases, police officers with vehicles are included in the checkpoint.
From the composition of the order at the checkpoint, groups are created for checking documents and inspecting vehicles (from employees of the internal affairs bodies), cover (from the military personnel of the internal troops), reserve (from the military personnel of the internal troops) and a persecution group from the traffic police, reinforced by the military personnel of the internal troops.
The duration of service at the checkpoint for one unit can be from 1 to 3 days. Personnel are armed with fixed service weapons with ammunition, special personal protective equipment and active defense (bulletproof vests, helmets, handcuffs, rubber sticks, tear substances), electrophones, surveillance equipment (binoculars, night vision devices), devices for forced stopping of vehicles.
Motor transport and railway checkpoints are equipped with inspection platforms. Their number at road checkpoints is set on the basis of: one site (passage) for the passage of 20 vehicles per hour. Sentinels are posted at motor and railway checkpoints and inspection teams are appointed.
Rice. 4.1. Scheme of organization of service and engineering equipment of the checkpoint:
1 - guardroom; 2 - kitchen; 3 - toilet; 4 - lighting el. station; 5 - trench for an armored personnel carrier; 6 - sentinel mushroom; 7 - rigid barrier; 8 - product "Ezh"; 9 - reinforced concrete blocks; ten - road signs; 11 - spotlight PAS; 12 - platform for detained cars and citizens; 13 - trench; 14 - checkpoint; 15 - wire spiral; 16 - the progress of the message; 17 - signal mines.
Engineering and technical support of the checkpoint includes:
1) engineering barriers on the approaches to the checkpoint, which are designed to detect violators and delay their progress. Inextricable: wire nets on high and low stakes, wire spirals, slingshots, hedgehogs, barbed wire and tape, AKL spirals, inconspicuous obstacles. Explosive: special mines SM and combined;
2) checkpoint fences and a platform for detained citizens and vehicles are made in the form of wire fences with warning signs from a chain-link mesh and other improvised materials.
3) stationary anti-vehicle barriers are arranged in the form of gouges, barriers made of reinforced concrete structures, stone, flexible and rigid barriers;
4) portable anti-vehicle barriers are installed in the form of "hedgehogs", products "Ezh-m", "Diana", MZP packages in a throw;
5) out technical means guards use detection devices of the type "AL MAZ" and "TREPAN G";
6) a guardhouse (a place for rest, heating and eating) is created from trailer VS-12 m. It is also equipped with a reliable place for storing weapons.
The place for deploying the checkpoint is selected on such sections of the road on which traffic is impossible or difficult (on a bridge, crossing, viaduct, at a crossroads, etc.)
curfew as part of a department, a platoon is appointed to maintain security measures, public order, suppress illegal actions during the curfew period and complicate the situation in the village.
The commandant's post includes: a group for stopping and inspecting vehicles; cover group; patrol group; a reserve, as well as a security group, which in turn is divided into: a post for the protection of recreation areas for personnel; a post for the protection of military equipment and a post for the protection of detained offenders. The armament and equipment of the personnel of the commandant's post - a fixed service weapon, a bulletproof vest of the 5th class of protection, a steel army helmet, a special carbine KS-23, a special equipment "Bird cherry-10", a flashlight, binoculars, portable radio stations, a product of BR, a knapsack gas generator "Cloud".
Rice. 4.2. Scheme of engineering and technical equipment of permanent
commandant's post (option):
1 - defensive structures; 2 - anti-ram obstacles; 3 - barriers made of barbed wire or tape; 4 - backup power plant; 5 - guardroom; searchlight installation; 7 - portable road signs of the "STOP" type, speed limit, other dangers; 8 - barriers; 9 - devices for forced stop.
The tactics of the curfew is based on setting it up during the curfew in areas of major road junctions, important facilities, squares, airports and other crowded places. When leaving the curfew for the period of termination of the curfew, the personnel perform the task as a guard post; reinforcement of recreation areas for personnel, weapons and military equipment is being organized.
When organizing the service of this type of military outfit, it must be taken into account that the commandant's post can serve no more than 12 hours.
Search party - military outfit sent for reconnaissance, search, prosecution and detention of offenders. The size of the group depends on the nature of the task and can be from a squad to a platoon. The head of the group, as a rule, is the officer or warrant officer of the unit from which the military detachment is assigned.
Barrier - military detachment up to a platoon, designed to block the likely directions of movement of the wanted, blocking areas of operations. Observation posts, secrets, patrols can stand out from the barrier.
Investigation group- a military detachment consisting of two to five military personnel, designed to search for and detain criminals in places of family and other ties, as well as in passenger transport.
Search post- a military detachment consisting of two or more servicemen, designed to detain wanted persons in places of their possible appearance or on the routes of probable movement.
ambush - a military detachment consisting of three or more armed servicemen, secretly located in a precisely defined place to capture criminals according to reliable data received in advance.
Watch - a military detachment consisting of two or more armed servicemen sent along a certain route for reconnaissance, inspection of the area in order to detect offenders. A cynologist with a search dog may be appointed to the patrol.
observation post - a military detachment consisting of two or more military personnel, designed to monitor certain areas of the terrain, settlements, individual buildings, etc. Observation posts can be sent directly from units and other military detachments.
maneuver group- a military outfit (from a squad to a battalion), designed to carry out, together with employees of the internal affairs bodies, combat service to control the situation, prevent (suppress) illegal actions in a fixed area (on a section, route), as well as to assist military units.
The most combat-ready subunits, reinforced with armored vehicles, special means and means of supporting service and combat activities, are assigned to the maneuver group. The battle order of the group depends on the nature of the task being performed and may consist of observation posts, patrol groups (patrols), patrols, law enforcement posts, ambushes, cover groups, capture groups and other military outfits.
The maneuvering group serves in a certain area (section) or on a route.
TACTICS OF ACTION OF UNITS
AND MILITARY ATTRACTIONS
Blocking group is assigned to isolate the area where the enemy may be located and prevent him from leaving the search area. It consists of outfits that block the most probable directions of enemy movement from the area of operation.
The blocking line must meet the following requirements:
Pass through tactically advantageous terrain, have convenient approaches (entrances) for quick occupation by its units;
Provide good review and shelling in front of the front and on the flanks of units, the secrecy of the location of personnel and fire weapons and their interaction;
Allow to quickly maneuver forces and means when the situation changes;
Favor management and communication.
When determining the blocking threshold, the following are taken into account:
Time of violation of the forbidden or regime zone (detection of the enemy);
The time elapsed since the violation (detection);
The probable location of the enemy at the time of the decision, the speed and probable direction of his movement;
The time required for the units to reach the boundaries of the organization of service on it.
The blocking line must be occupied by subunits and military detachments before violators (saboteurs) can enter it.
The composition of a blocking group and the size of sectors for subunits depend on the number, armament, and nature of the enemy's actions, the size of the blocking area, the availability of forces and assets, terrain conditions, and visibility.
Blocking density does not have to be uniform, it depends on the importance of direction, terrain conditions and time of day. During the day, the blocking density can be:
In a closed area - one outfit (2-3 people) for 25-75 meters;
On the open - one outfit (2-3 people) up to 150 meters.
Capabilities of units to block the area
At night (in conditions of limited visibility), these norms are reduced several times.
In winter, 1-2 control lines are laid at the blocking line in order to detect traces of the enemy who has passed through the blocking line.
The combat formation of a blocking group consists of the combat formations of subunits deployed at the line of blocking, fire weapons and a reserve.
The section at the line of blocking performs combat service as a barrier and is usually located in three or four groups, outfits (observation posts, patrols, secrets).
COMBAT TRAINING
The main types of military activity and their features
All types of military activities of military personnel are aimed at maintaining a high level of combat readiness and combat capability of the subunits and units in which they perform military service. The main types of military activity are combat training, service and combat activities and real combat operations.
Combat training is a system of measures for training and military education of personnel of units and subunits, combat coordination of units and subunits to prepare them for conducting combat operations or performing other tasks determined by the purpose of the Armed Forces. Combat training is aimed at ensuring a high level of combat capability of units and subunits. It is designed to ensure a high military-professional level of military personnel and is carried out continuously both in peacetime and in wartime. In the course of this training, classes, exercises, live firing, drills are held, in which servicemen study military regulations, weapons and military equipment, methods of action in battle, and subunits and units work out methods of action when performing combat missions. Combat training has a number of features. It has a clearly expressed collective orientation and is organized in such a way that in the course of training, individual military personnel are simultaneously trained and military units are being prepared for joint actions. Basically, this is practical training aimed at mastering by soldiers weapons and military equipment and skillfully using them in battle.
The main part of combat training consists of exercises, which are multiple repetitions of actions aimed at mastering weapons and military equipment and their skillful use in combat.
The content of combat training is determined curricula and programs. One of the basic principles of organizing combat training is to teach troops what is needed in a war. Therefore, the fulfillment of the tasks of combat training requires from each serviceman a high level of spiritual and physical qualities, mental stability and physical endurance.
Service and combat activity is aimed at ensuring a high level of combat readiness of subunits and units, that is, the ability of troops to begin military operations in a timely manner under any situational conditions. The degree of combat readiness in peacetime should ensure the rapid transition of troops to martial law and an organized entry into hostilities, and in wartime, the ability to immediately carry out the assigned combat missions. Service and combat activities include combat duty, guard and internal service.
Combat duty- this is the stay of specially allocated forces and means in full combat readiness to perform suddenly arising tasks or conduct combat operations. It is the fulfillment of a combat mission and is carried out by duty forces and means assigned from military units and subunits. These forces and means include combat crews, crews of ships, duty shifts of command posts, etc. Military personnel who have not been brought to combat duty are not assigned to combat duty military oath who have not mastered the combat training program, who have committed offenses under investigation, and who are sick. To ensure the necessary degree of combat readiness of military personnel while on combat duty, it is prohibited: to transfer to someone the performance of their duties; be distracted by activities not related to the performance of combat duty duties; arbitrarily leave a combat post; carry out work on armament and military equipment that reduces their combat readiness.
guard duty is designed for reliable protection and defense of combat banners, storage facilities with weapons, military equipment, and other material resources. Guard duty is the fulfillment of a combat mission and requires high vigilance from the personnel, precise observance and performance of their duties, determination and initiative. To carry out guard duty, guards are appointed - armed units assigned to perform the combat mission of guarding and defending combat banners, military and state facilities. The composition of the guard usually includes: the head of the guard, guards according to the number of posts and shifts, breeding. For the direct protection and defense of objects from the guard, sentries are posted. The guards are appointed from among the soldiers (sailors) sworn in by the Military Oath, who have mastered the appropriate combat training programs and are ready, in terms of their moral and psychological qualities, to carry out guard duty.
Internal Service- this is the daily service activities in military units and subunits. It is organized and carried out in accordance with the Charter of the internal service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and is intended to be maintained in military units internal order and military discipline, ensuring constant combat readiness.
2. One of the most important varieties of human activity is military activity. Its goals are set out in the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On Defense". These include the repulse of aggression directed against our country, the armed defense of the integrity and inviolability of the territory of the Russian Federation and the fulfillment of tasks in accordance with international treaties.
Conventionally, military activity can be divided into three main types: combat, combat training and everyday.
combat activity- This is the main type of military activity. It is carried out in the course of hostilities, the main types of which are offensive and defense.
Combat training activities(it is carried out in order to ensure successful combat activities) consists of a system of measures for the training and education of military personnel and the preparation of subunits and units for joint military operations. In its process, military personnel conduct classes and training in various subjects of training, live firing, as well as exercises - the most effective form of field, naval and air training of personnel.
daily activities covers almost all other aspects of the life of military personnel. In each military unit, it is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the general military regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. They regulate this activity in order to maintain internal order and discipline in subunits and units, ensuring high combat readiness, training of military personnel, organized performance of other tasks and maintaining the health of personnel. Fulfillment of their duties in daily activities helps the warriors to endure severe trials in a combat situation.
Military activity makes high demands on the military personnel in terms of the level of professional training, education, health status, physical training and psychological stability.
Ticket number 23
1. The main elements of human life. The importance of the regime of work and rest for the harmonious development of a person, his spiritual and physical qualities.
1.B basis healthy lifestyle life is the correct organization of life, which involves a reasonable alternation of the main elements: work, rest, nutrition and sleep.
Importance for human life have the quality and duration of sleep. Fast falling asleep, calm and deep sleep are facilitated by a constant bedtime, walks in the fresh air, dinner 2-3 hours before bedtime, Fresh air, comfortable temperature, cleanliness and silence in the bedroom.
Nutrition is one of main functions any living organism. It is of great importance for every person. Non-compliance with the diet (time and number of meals) leads to disruption of the functions of the digestive system, to a decrease or increase in appetite, and then to various diseases associated with metabolism.
The mode of work and rest is the correct alternation of periods of work and rest, their duration, rational distribution of time in during the day, week, month, year.
One of the fundamental principles of the regime is its strict implementation, the inadmissibility of frequent changes. If there is a need to transition to a new regime, then such a transition should be gradual. These requirements are caused by the fact that the body gets used to a certain rhythm, it develops a system conditioned reflexes facilitating the performance of certain functions.
The second principle of the regime is that all types of activities planned in it should be feasible for the body and not exceed the limit of the brain cells' working capacity, and rest should ensure their full recovery.
Free time can be carried out in different ways, depending on the interests. It is important that it must have an active action component.
Any violation of the regime leads to a breakdown in the well-established system of reflexes, and this can lead to negative changes in the state of health, primarily fatigue and overwork.
In accordance with the Federal Law "On military service and military service" male citizens aged 18 to 27 who are or are required to be registered with the military and do not have the right to exemption or deferment from conscription are subject to conscription for military service.
The beginning of military service for citizens called up for military service is considered the day of departure from the military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to the place of service. From that moment on, the citizen acquires the status of a serviceman.
A person recognized as unfit or limited fit for military service for health reasons, as well as a person who is undergoing or has completed alternative service, or who has completed military service in the Armed Forces of another state, is exempted from conscription for military service. A person who has an unexpunged or outstanding conviction for committing a grave or especially grave crime cannot be called up for military service. The right to exemption from conscription has a person, brother who was killed or died during military service by conscription.
The evasion of a citizen from conscription for military service consists in his failure to appear on the agenda of the military commissar for conscription for military service within the specified period without good reason, or by inflicting bodily injury on himself, forging documents or other deception of illegal exemption from conscription for military service
Valid reasons for non-appearance on the agenda of the military commissariat on conscription for military service are recognized as documented:
- illness or injury of a conscript associated with disability;
Severe health condition or death close relative conscript;
An obstruction of a spontaneous nature or another circumstance beyond the control of the conscript, depriving him of the opportunity to appear on the agenda of the military commissariat for conscription for military service.
Upon arrival at the unit and after passing the initial military training a soldier is taken to the military oath. The duration of initial military training does not exceed one month.
Prior to taking the military oath, a serviceman cannot be involved in the performance of combat missions (to participate in hostilities, combat duty, combat service, guard duty), weapons and military equipment cannot be assigned to him, and a disciplinary sanction may not be imposed on him in form of arrest.
The types of military activity are:
Educational and combat training;
Internal, guard service and combat duty;
Direct participation in hostilities.
Everyday life and the activities of a serviceman in a military unit are carried out in accordance with the requirements of the internal service.
In the process of combat training, a serviceman is obliged to constantly master military professional knowledge, improve his training and military skills; to know and maintain in constant readiness for use the weapons and military equipment entrusted to him, to protect military property.
A serviceman is obliged to know and strictly observe the international rules for the conduct of hostilities, the treatment of the wounded, sick, shipwrecked, and the civilian population in the area of hostilities, as well as with prisoners of war.
Internal service is intended to maintain internal order and military discipline in a military unit, ensuring constant combat readiness and training of personnel, and the organized performance of tasks in their daily activities. It is organized in accordance with the provisions of the Charter of the internal service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
Internal service requires organized action by military personnel, regardless of their desires.
The internal service in a military unit is managed by the commander of the military unit, and in the location of the unit - by the unit commander. The direct organizer of the internal service in a military unit is the chief of staff, and in the location of the company - the foreman of the company.
The end of military service is considered the date of exclusion of the serviceman from the lists of personnel of the unit.
A serviceman is excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit on the day of the expiration of his military service. The term of military service for conscripted military personnel is 12 months. At the same time, the period of military service does not include the time spent in a disciplinary military unit and the time spent disciplinary action in the form of arrest, the time of unauthorized abandonment of a military unit or place of military service, regardless of the reasons for abandonment, lasting more than 10 days. At the same time, one day of participation in hostilities or performance of tasks in armed conflicts, as well as one day of stay in medical institutions due to injuries, contusions, injuries or diseases received during participation in these actions or conflicts, is counted as two days of military conscription services.
For seeing off soldiers (sailors) and sergeants (foremen), transferred to the reserve, military unit lined up on foot in casual attire. Battle Banner when building a military unit, it is issued by decision of its commander.
After the formation, the meeting of the commander of the military unit and the removal of the Battle Banner, the military personnel transferred to the reserve, at the command of the commander, go out of order and line up in units 20-40 m in front of the formation, and then, on command, close to the middle. The chief of staff of the military unit announces the order to transfer military personnel to the reserve.
The commander of the military unit thanks the retired servicemen for their service, after which the orchestra plays the National Anthem.
The farewell ends with the passage of the military unit with a solemn march in front of the formation of military personnel transferred to the reserve. Thus ends the military service on conscription.
The contract on military service has the right to conclude:
- military personnel whose previous military service contract ends;
Conscripted military personnel who have served for at least 6 months;
Citizens in the reserve;
Male citizens who are not in the reserve, who graduated from educational institutions of higher vocational education;
Female citizens who are not in the reserve.
Citizens aged 18 to 40 have the right to conclude the first contract for military service. The selection of candidates for military service under a contract from among citizens who are not in military service is carried out by military commissariats, and from among military personnel - by military units.
The determination of the compliance of citizens with the requirements established for entering the military service under the contract is entrusted to the commissions of military commissariats, and the determination of the compliance of military personnel is entrusted to the attestation commissions of military units.
A citizen entering military service under a contract is subject to increased requirements in matters of his professional readiness and suitability for health reasons.
Loading...
