The most beautiful mosques in the world. Beautiful mosques are the delicate flowers of Islam

Mosque- an architectural structure that serves for adherents of the Islamic faith as a place for prayer and worship. Unlike Christian churches, the mosque does not have the status of a holy place, with the exception of the “Masjid al-Haram” in Mecca, in the courtyard, which houses the ancient Muslim shrine “Kaaba”. Below is a list with photos of the ten most beautiful and one of the largest mosques in the world.

Kul-Sharif is a mosque located in the city of Kazan (Tatarstan, Russia) in the western part of the Kazan Kremlin. It is one of the main Muslim temples of Tatarstan and one of the highest mosques in Europe (the height of each minaret is 57 meters). Its construction, the cost of which is estimated at 400 million rubles, was started in 1996, and the opening took place on June 24, 2005 on the 1000th anniversary of the city. The inner space of the temple is designed for one and a half thousand believers, another 10,000 can be accommodated in the square in front of the temple.

The Sabanci Mosque is the largest mosque in Turkey, located in the city of Adana, on the banks of the Seyhan River. Despite their big sizes, was built in less than a year in 1998. The closed area of ​​​​the mosque is 6,600 square meters, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe adjacent territory is 52,600 square meters. It has six minarets, four of which are 99 meters high, the other two are 75 meters high. The temple is designed for 28,500 people.

The Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque located in the city of Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital of the Sultanate of Brunei, is considered one of the most beautiful mosques in the Asia-Pacific region, as well as the main attraction of Brunei. It was built in 1958 and is an example of modern Islamic architecture. The mosque reaches a height of 52 m, it can be seen from almost anywhere in the city.

Seventh place on the list is Faisal - the largest mosque in Pakistan, located in the city of Islamabad. Its $120 million construction began in 1976 and was completed in 1986. Faisal covers an area of ​​5,000 square meters and can accommodate 300,000 worshippers. The height of the minarets is 90 meters.

In sixth place in the ranking of the most beautiful mosques in the world is the Sheikh Zayed Mosque, located in Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United United Arab Emirates. It was built between 1996-2007. It covers an area of ​​more than 12 hectares and can simultaneously accommodate 40,000 believers. The main prayer hall has a capacity of 7,000 people. The mosque has four minarets, which rise to 107 meters.

Fifth place in the list of the most beautiful mosques in the world is Tengku Tengah Zaharah or "Floating Mosque". It is located 4 km from the city of Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Its construction began in 1993 and was completed in 1995. The official opening took place in July 1995. The temple covers an area of ​​about 5 hectares and can simultaneously accommodate up to 2,000 visitors.

Mesquite

Mesquita - a mosque, partially rebuilt into a cathedral. Located in the city of Cordoba, Spain. It was built by Emir Abdarrahman I on the site of the Visigothic church of Vincent of Saragossa in 784. Later it became a mosque. It is the most significant monument of the Umayyad dynasty, made in the Moorish architectural style.

Al-Aqsa Mosque is a Muslim temple located in the Old City of Jerusalem on the Temple Mount. It is the third most significant shrine of Islam after the al-Haram mosque in Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque in Medina. It occupies an area of ​​144,000 square meters, although the mosque itself is located on an area of ​​35,000 square meters. Up to 5,000 believers can pray in it at the same time.

Masjid an-Nabawi is a mosque located in the city of Medina, Saudi Arabia. The first small mosque on this site was built during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad, but subsequent Islamic rulers constantly expanded the shrine, turning it into one of the largest. Under the Green Dome (the Dome of the Prophet) is the grave of Muhammad. Exact date the erection of the dome is unknown, but its description can be found in manuscripts dating from the beginning of the 12th century.

Al-Haram Mosque

Al-Haram Mosque is the most beautiful, largest and most revered mosque located in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The temple covers an area of ​​356,800 square meters and can accommodate up to 4 million people during the Hajj. The existing mosque has been known since 1570, but little remains of the original building, since it was rebuilt several times during its existence.

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Mosques or masjids are fine examples of Islamic architecture. There are many beautiful mosques in the world that look amazing from the outside and no less impressive from the inside. Here are 11 of the biggest and most important mosques different countries peace.

Al Haram Mosque, Mecca, Saudi Arabia

According to the Koran, this mosque is the first one built for the worship of Allah. The Al Haram Mosque, the "Reserved Mosque" or "Great Mosque" is located in the city of Mecca, and it is the largest and most important mosque in the world. In the inner courtyard of the mosque is the Kaaba, a Muslim shrine in the shape of a cube, to which pilgrims gather annually. The mosque has an area of ​​400,800 square meters, including open and closed prayer spaces, which can accommodate up to 4 million people during the Hajj, one of the largest annual Muslim pilgrimages in the world.

Masjid an-Nabawi Mosque, Medina, Saudi Arabia

This mosque is often referred to as the "Mosque of the Prophet" and is the second holiest site in Islam after the Al-Haram Mosque in Mecca. It is believed that the first mosque on this site was built during the lifetime of Muhammad, and today it is one of the largest mosques in the world. Important element structures - the Green Dome (or the Dome of the Prophet), under which is the grave of Muhammad.

Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem, Palestine

The mosque is located on the Temple Mount of Jerusalem and is the third holiest site in Islam. Up to 5,000 believers can pray in the building at the same time. The rectangular mosque with the rest of the buildings of the complex covers an area of ​​144,000 square meters, although the area of ​​the mosque itself is about 35,000 square meters. The architectural style of the building shows the features of early Islamic architecture, the central naves and 45 columns, 33 of which are made of white marble, are impressive.

Hassan II Mosque, Casablanca, Morocco

The Great Mosque of Hassan II is the largest mosque in the country and the 7th largest in the world, while its 60-story minaret is the highest in the world (210 meters). Built in 1993, the mosque is located on a cape overlooking Atlantic Ocean, and the seabed is visible through the glass floor of the hall of the building. The walls are built of marble, huge 50-ton chandeliers for the central prayer hall were brought from Venice. The mosque can accommodate 105,000 people: 25,000 inside and another 80,000 in the courtyard.

Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei

The Royal Mosque in the capital of the Sultanate of Brunei is considered one of the most beautiful in the Asia-Pacific region. The construction of the building was completed in 1958, on an artificial lagoon on the banks of the Brunei River in the Kampong Ayer area. The mosque impresses with its marble minarets and golden domes, courtyards and gardens full of amazing fountains. The structure is surrounded by a large number of trees and flower gardens, which in Islam symbolize heaven. The architecture of the mosque has features of Islamic and Italian styles.

Zahir Mosque, Alor Setar, Malaysia

The mosque is located in the capital of the Malaysian state of Kedah. This is, without a doubt, one of the most grandiose and, moreover, the oldest mosques in Malaysia. The five domes of the mosque symbolize the five pillars of Islam, and the style of the 1912 mosque is reminiscent of the Aziz Mosque in the city of Langkat, in northern Sumatra, Indonesia. Every year, a festival of reciters of the Koran is held in Zahir.

Faisal Mosque, Islamabad, Pakistan

The Faisal Mosque is the largest mosque in Southeast and South Asia, and the fourth largest in the world. Moreover, this building was the largest mosque in the world from 1986 to 1993, until the Hassan II mosque was erected in Casablanca.

Taj-ul-Masajid Mosque, Bhopal, India

The name of the mosque literally means "crown of mosques" and it is one of the largest mosques in Asia. With a pink façade, two 18-story minarets, octagonal marble domes, an impressive pillared main corridor, a pretty courtyard and a luxurious marble floor, this mosque is definitely impressive!

Badshahi Mosque, Lahore, Pakistan

The Badshahi Mosque or "Royal Mosque" in Lahore is the second largest in Pakistan and the fifth largest in the world. It can be safely ranked among the most significant monuments of the Indo-Islamic architecture of the Mughal era. The structure can accommodate up to 55,000 worshipers in its main prayer hall and another 95,000 in the courtyard. It is not surprising that from 1673 to 1986, for 313 years, this mosque was the largest in the world.

Sultan Hussain Mosque, Singapore

The Sultan Hussain Mosque is the oldest surviving mosque in Singapore and the city-state's most important monument. The external and internal appearance of the mosque has remained virtually unchanged since its construction in the mid-20s of the 19th century, with the exception of a small reconstruction in the main hall, made in 1960, and an additional building, added in 1993.

Blue Mosque, Istanbul, Turkey

The largest mosque in Istanbul with its six minarets is one of the symbols of the city. The building was erected at the beginning of the 17th century in the classical Ottoman and Byzantine styles. And the “blue” mosque was named because numerous white and blue ceramic tiles were used in the construction.

Mosque- a sacred place for all Muslims, a place for prayers and spiritual purification. As Islam spread, beautiful mosques appear all over the world. They are amazing not only externally, but their interior is striking in its beauty. Here is an overview of the most fantastic mosques in the world.

Al-Nabawi Mosque, Medina (Saudi Arabia)
Masjid an-Nabawi is the second shrine in Islam, which is also called the mosque of the prophet, because it was built by the prophet Muhammad. In size, it also ranks second after the al-Haram mosque. In the center of the mosque is the Green Dome, where the tomb of the prophet is located. The first dome over the grave was built in 1279, after which it was reconstructed many times, and in 1837 it was painted green, and it has remained so to this day. The layout of this particular mosque has been adopted as a canon for other mosques around the world. The main elements of the composition of the columned mosque were laid in the construction: an open rectangular courtyard and a prototype of the future columned hall, oriented initially to Jerusalem, and later to Mecca. The main prayer hall occupies the entire first floor. The mosque can accommodate up to 500 thousand believers. The mosque has 10 minarets, each 105 meters high.

Sheikh Zayed Mosque, Abu Dhabi (UAE)
The Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque is a real masterpiece of architectural art, it is one of the largest mosques in the world. Approximately $545 million was spent on its construction and it took 12 years, during which 3500 workers from 38 companies of the world worked on the implementation of the grandiose project. It can accommodate up to 41,000 worshipers. The mosque is decorated with 82 domes, a thousand columns, chandeliers gilded with gold leaf, and the largest carpet in the world. self made. The main prayer hall is illuminated by one of the most grandiose chandeliers in the world (10 meters in diameter, 15 meters in height, weight 12 tons). The sparkling pools surrounding the mosque enhance its beauty. During the day, the building gleams white and gold in the sun, while at night it is flooded with artificial light.

Blue Mosque
Sultan Ahmed Mosque, known as the Blue Mosque, is considered to be the main attraction of Istanbul. It was built of marble and stone, with about 20,000 blue and white ceramic slabs as facing material. When exposed to sunlight, the surface of the mosque emits reflections of pale blue.

Juma Mosque
Juma Mosque is one of the largest mosques in the East, was founded at the beginning of the thirteenth century. It is known by several names - Herat Cathedral Mosque, Friday Mosque, Blue Mosque. In Friday mosques, people pray at noon every Friday. Until the beginning of the second century, an old Zoroastrian temple was located on the site of the mosque, which was subsequently destroyed, and a wooden mosque appeared in its place.

Kul Sharif
Islamic religious architecture, rich in decorative details and luxurious furnishings, is of great interest to both architectural historians and ordinary people. This applies to both historical monuments and new buildings made in accordance with the basic canons of religion and this trend in architecture. bright representative A new generation of sacral construction is the Kul Sharif Memorial Mosque complex built in the period from 1996 to 2005, located on the territory of the Kazan Kremlin.

Imam Mosque
In Isfahan, one of the largest cities of modern Iran, the beautiful building of the Imam Mosque rises to the sky, which is so beautiful and unique that it is a constant subject of well-deserved pride of the townspeople and the property of the whole country. In addition, thanks to their huge size, the Imam Mosque is considered the second largest in the world.

Cordoba Cathedral Mosque
The Cordoba Cathedral Mosque is one of the most famous majestic mosques of the Middle Ages, which later became a Catholic cathedral, combining in its decoration a variety of Renaissance elements, as well as some nuances of Moorish architecture. In another way, it is called Mesquite.

Shah Faisal Mosque
In order to build a mosque, a special competition was held international class, which was attended by more than 17 countries from around the world. More than 40 projects were presented, but after four days, according to the king Saudi Arabia Faisal ibn Abdulaziz al-Saud, the best design of the building was chosen. The creator and later builder of the mosque was the architect Vedat Dalokai.

draw mosque, not difficult, you will need photos for a sample.

Although, you can turn on your imagination, decorate buildings with unusual colors and paintings.

To begin with, depict the central building, and on the sides the silhouettes of the minarets. Draw the central building with a rounded dome and semicircular windows, and the tops of the towers are sharp, and with balconies, and pointed spiers on the top of the towers. This is how children see and draw the mosque





It is not so easy to draw a mosque, unless, of course, this is done purely symbolically. At the first stage, you need to find a photo of the mosque that you will depict. and at first it should be a simpler building. Let's start working from the central building and we will do it under the ruler. Draw minarets from the sides. The dome should be round. Let's outline semicircular windows. After that, let's draw the details: windows, columns, balconies.

Here is a mosque depicted by a young artist Rashid Garifullin. This is the Kul-Sharif Mosque in Kazan.



You can draw a mosque with a pencil in stages, based on this video:

Stages of drawing a mosque:

1) We start drawing from the bottom up, make a general sketch;

2) We start drawing all the elements of the mosque gradually;

3) And at the last stage we apply shading or color our image of the mosque.



Start your drawing with two horizontal lines.

I will show how to draw a mosque Taj Mahal.

Connect 3 lines horizontally, two at an angle - this is the roof

We draw a dome and windows.

We draw dome-like windows and a door.

We draw small domes and draw small details.

Before you is the famous palace-mosque from India.

The form and appearance of mosques, as a religious prayer building for Muslims, has changed several times throughout the history of Islam. But in general, the main features remained. As a rule, the mosque is barrel-shaped or cylindrical, as well as conical towers different height. Towers can have all-round views of balconies, arched windows and doors of the same style. The top of the towers is adorned with a gilded dome. Above the cupola there is a spire with a figure in the form of a melon or watermelon peel. Sometimes the mosque is surrounded by a low fence around the perimeter. Let's try to paint the mosque in Photoshop.

• We denote the main figures with a hard large brush.



• Let's choose a small brush and draw the edges of the towers, domes, balconies, front door and windows, draw symbolism over the domes. With a translucent brush, add sand.



• Let's add the Environment.



• denote the direction of the light. Let's show the shadows and highlights according to the lighting.



You can also draw a fence ...

We begin to draw the base of our mosque.



Now let's move on to the dome.



Now we depict the tower on the left.



Now we begin to properly direct the lines and detail the drawing.



We do the same with the dome.



To complete the drawing, you should draw the tower, adding a few details to it.



Let's make a drawing of a mosque, take a pencil, a piece of paper and an eraser. We will draw the mosque in four stages, we will consider each separately, here they are:

First stage. It is better to start drawing from the image of a mosque. Let's draw a building similar to a trapezoid. And we will add four towers to the building, as a result we will get the image:



Second phase. Now let's draw the domes of the mosque and the base of each of the towers, draw the images of the trees:



Third stage. We detail each part of the mosque, also do not forget about the trees:



Fourth step. To make the drawing more realistic, it is necessary to draw shadows on it, this is what we are doing. The result should be such a drawing of the mosque.

Throughout the history of Islam, mosques have not only had a religious significance: it is not just a place of worship, but also a school, community centers, charitable foundations and even (in the past) hospitals and courts. Here the division into classes, wealth, status and ethnicity is erased, all become equal in the eyes of God.

True, most mosques around the world are inaccessible to non-believers, which reinforces stereotypes that this is a real hotbed of Islamist extremism. Fortunately, many of the largest shrines of Islam are free and open to all, here you can feel the religious and cultural life countries. In addition, some of them may well compete with beautiful buildings planets.

Hassan II Mosque, Casablanca, Morocco

Casablanca, one of largest cities Morocco, visited by not so many foreign tourists, despite great amount sights ranging from medieval bazaars to Art Nouveau mansions along the Atlantic coast. Few people visit the Hassan II Mosque, but you should not miss this opportunity.

This is the main landmark of the city, it stands on the ocean, and its huge minaret is visible from afar, like an Islamic lighthouse. The temple was completed in 1993 at a cost of $800 million. The entire amount was raised through donations.

The interior of the mosque is magical: blue marble mosaic flowers, glossy masonry and huge hanging chandeliers.

Blue Mosque, Istanbul, Turkey

As if hovering over the center of Istanbul, the Sultan Ahmet Mosque or the Blue Mosque stands almost at the junction of Europe and Asia. This is the most important mosque largest city Turkey, completed its construction in 1616.

Thin, as if needle-shaped minarets go up sharply, in patterns - tulips, traditional for Ottoman culture. The mosque is considered one of the outstanding examples of Islamic and world architecture.

Jami Mosque, Isfahan, Iran

The Jami Mosque is one of the most majestic buildings in Isfahan. It was laid in the 8th century, and built and reconstructed until the end of the 20th century. Therefore, the temple is a real reader of Islamic architecture, where you can trace the change of styles and influence different eras. Now it is a stunning complex with a huge courtyard, endless halls and prayer niches, which are decorated with brickwork and intricate ornaments with many small details.

Bibi-Khanym Mosque, Samarkand, Uzbekistan

For a long time built in the 15th century, the Bibi-Khanym mosque was considered the largest in the Muslim world. It was built by the order of Tamerlane by the most famous masters. Temple - a classic example of architectural architecture Central Asia.

The interior of the Bibi-Khanym mosque is no less impressive than the exterior decoration. It is decorated with mosaics, majolica, gilded paintings, geometric and floral patterns, and lapis lazuli.

Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, Abu Dhabi, UAE

The UAE is best known for its seven-star hotels, record-breaking skyscrapers, and palm-shaped artificial islands. However, it is here that one of the most beautiful monuments of the Muslim faith is located.

The Sheikh Zayed Mosque is somewhat reminiscent of a huge wedding cake with thin and graceful minarets. And yes, the temple (like the main attractions of the UAE) has its own records: the largest marble mosaic, the largest carpet in the world, the largest chandelier in the world installed in a mosque. The temple fascinates with its serene beauty, glossy marble and dazzling domes sparkling in the sun.

Cathedral Mosque, Delhi, India

A majestic 17th-century monument rises above the intricate maze of streets in the heart of Old Delhi. The Cathedral Mosque, or Jami Masjid Urdu, was commissioned by Shah Jahan, the creator of the Taj Mahal. The temple remains a symbol of Indo-Islamic architecture and impresses not only with its appearance, but also with the surrounding landscapes: high minarets, thin marble domes, a huge prayer hall, as well as incomparable views of the old city, teeming with people and dumps.

Mesquita, Cordoba, Spain

The brightest reminder of the Islamic past in Western Europe located in the Spanish city of Cordoba. A mosque was built on the site of an early Christian basilica after Spain was conquered by the Muslims. In the Middle Ages, this mosque was the second largest in the world. It served as a temple of Islam for several centuries, from the moment of construction in the 8th century until the 13th century, until the mosque was turned into a Christian church. Now it is a Roman Catholic cathedral. In the 16th century, a miniature Renaissance cathedral was unceremoniously squeezed into the center of the building to somehow disguise the Islamic notes with its endless rows of arches, marble columns, prayer niches and a dazzling mihrab - a recognized masterpiece of art.