Strategy for preparing students for the exam in English: "Vocabulary and Grammar Section". Getting ready for the exam in English
“This… jackdaw… stole the Olympic ruble from me! It must be immediately handed over to the clinic for experiments!”
And the question of how to prepare for tasks 32-38 from the “Grammar and Vocabulary” section of the Unified State Examination in English stole a lot of nerve and brain cells from me. And in this article I will explain who is to blame, why and what to do with these very tasks. I will also give advice on preparation and recommend textbooks that will help to carry out this preparation.
general information
After reading it, it is clear that although is used to contrast two ideas within a sentence and is not separated by a comma. However, however stands at the beginning of a sentence and is separated by a punctuation mark. Obviously, the answer is #1.
AT task 34 you will need knowledge of the synonymous series say, speak, talk, tell (these synonyms are becoming classics, I have already met them more than once in tests). This difference is well explained Sergei Chernyshev. In addition to the information he shares in the video, I have students learn a few set combinations with these verbs (like tell the difference, the clock says). They can be taken from the book Muzlanova USE. Section “Grammar and vocabulary”.
Now let's look at the meaning of the sentence with the gap and the meaning of the sentence will look at us - "the experts told the engineer to forget about this idea." After getting acquainted with the difference between synonyms, it is clear that say or tell are suitable in meaning. But if there was said in the gap, then after it a preposition is required before the addition - said TO Roebling. Therefore, we choose number 2, told.
AT task 35 the student is “caught” knowing or not knowing the idiom “deep in his heart”. How would we translate it into Russian? Probably, its equivalent is the expression “deep in the soul”, so the adjective deep itself suggests itself in the pass. The idioms far, full, long - “far, full, long in the heart” would not inspire confidence in me.
AT number 36 again synonyms, and two groups - join / unite, share / divide. They have different meanings - the first two mean unification, the last two - separation. Let's pay attention to what is after the gap - "... his dream with someone else". It is unlikely that I will unite the dream, rather I will share it with someone. Hence, the choice narrows down to share and divide. This will require knowledge of the compatibility of words (I will tell you how to acquire this secret knowledge below, in the paragraph about preparation).
Compatibility, by the way, can be googled (alas, not on the exam). We drive into the search field divide a dream. The only request that appeared was “divide a dream into syllables”, literally – to divide the word “dream” into syllables.
Roebling was hardly engaged in philological exercises, so let's dig further and look at the word share. As soon as we enter the first letter of the word dream, a hint from Google appears, where the desired combination of share a dream comes first. The correct answer is #3.
Task 37 again checks knowledge of the control of the verb, moreover, of the verb that can be followed by to. Open the dictionary - succeded IN, handled smth, maintained smth, managed TO. The correct option is number 4.
And in number 38 again a stable phrase - ... the first time. “Like a virgin, hey! touched for the very first time…” Madonna sang in my head and I found the right answer. And whoever didn’t sing, will have to remember or guess! Answer #4, for.
Task Answer
Amy was clothes shopping. She was trying on new outfits when her mobile phone suddenly __ RING __. It was her friend Adam. He wanted to know if she needed any help __ STUDY __ for their history test.
‘Yes, please!’ said Amy. ‘I__ DO __ badly in the last test, so I really want to impress Mrs Sanders this time.’
They arranged to meet at Adams house at seven o'clock. ‘I can’t find my history notes, so remember to bring __ YOU __' said Adam.
At eight o'clock, Amy still __ NOT ARRIVE __. Adam wasn't happy.
'I can't wait any __ LONG __,' he thought to himself.
He was just about to call his friend Tom when he heard a couple of __ WOMAN __voice outside. It was Amy and an older woman. Adam opened the door. ‘Hi Adam,’ said Amy. ‘Sorry I’m a few minutes late. The bad news is that I __ LOSE __ my history notes too.'
Amy smiled. ‘But don’t worry because this is a good friend of __ ME __ and she's a history teacher!'
Amy was clothes shopping. She was trying on new outfits when her mobile phone suddenly RANG. It was her friend Adam. He wanted to know if she needed any help STUDYING for their history test.
‘Yes, please!’ said Amy. ‘I DID badly in the last test, so I really want to impress Mrs Sanders this time.’
They arranged to meet at Adams house at seven o'clock. ‘I can’t find my history notes, so remember to bring YOURS’ said Adam.
At eight o'clock, Amy still HAD NOT ARRIVED. Adam wasn't happy.
'I can't wait any LONGER,' he thought to himself.
‘I’ll have to get the notes from someone else.’
He was just about to call his friend Tom when he heard a couple of WOMEN'S voice outside. It was Amy and an older woman. Adam opened the door. ‘Hi Adam,’ said Amy. ‘Sorry I’m a few minutes late. The bad news is that I HAVE LOST(can LOST) my history notes too.’
Amy smiled. 'But don't worry because this is a good friend of MINE and she's a history teacher!'
Task 2 for lexical and grammatical transformation
Read the text below. Transform words printed in capital letters so that they match the context grammatically and lexically.
Task Answer
The Cyrillic alphabet is the alphabet used in Russian text. It is one of the most __ WIDE __ used alphabets in the world.
The alphabet is used in __ VARY __ languages, including Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian and Ukrainian.
It began in the __ TEN __ century in the Bulgarian Empire. It was created by two Greek brothers, Cyril and Methodius.
It was formed from the Greek alphabet, although there are many __ DIFFER __ between the two.
Some people would like the alphabet to be called the Russian alphabet, to refer to Russia, just as the Greek alphabet refers to Greece. They__ AGREE __ with the name Cyrillic.
The alphabet recently became the EU's third __ OFFICE __ script, after Latin and Greek, when Bulgaria joined the EU.
The Cyrillic alphabet is the alphabet used in Russian text. It is one of the most WIDELY used alphabets in the world.
The alphabet is used in VARIOUS languages, including Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian and Ukrainian.
It began in the TENTH century in the Bulgarian Empire. It was created by two Greek brothers, Cyril and Methodius.
It was formed from the Greek alphabet, although there are many DIFFERENCES between the two.
Some people would like the alphabet to be called the Russian alphabet, to refer to Russia, just as the Greek alphabet refers to Greece. They DISAGREE with the name Cyrillic.
The alphabet recently became the EU's third OFFICIAL script, after Latin and Greek, when Bulgaria joined the EU.
Task 3 for lexical and grammatical transformation
Read the text below. Transform words printed in capital letters so that they match the context grammatically and lexically.
Task Answer
The ruble is the currency of Russia. It__ BE __ in use for around five centuries.
Sometimes, the ruble used in Russia __ KNOW __ as the Russian ruble. This is because some other countries also call their currencies rubles.
In the 1700s, Russian rubles __ MAKE __ with precious metals such as silver, gold and platinum.
The Russian government __ BEGIN __ printing paper monev until towards the end of the 1700s.
Russian rouble banknotes today have images of well-known places in Russia, as well as famous __ MAN __ in Russian history.
The banknotes have modern features that stop __ THEY __ from being copied illegally.
The__ HIGH __ amount that appears on a banknote is 5,000 Russian rubles. After that, there are banknotes worth 1,000, 100, 50, 10 and 5 roubles.
However, there are also 5- and 10-rouble coins, and these are used __ COMMONLY __ than the 5- and 10-rouble banknotes.
Because 5-rouble coins are used so often, the government decided to stop __ PRINT __ the 5-rouble banknotes any more.
The ruble is the currency of Russia. It HAS BEEN in use for around five centuries.
Sometimes, the ruble used in Russia IS KNOWN as the Russian ruble. This is because some other countries also call their currencies rubles.
In the 1700s, Russian rubles WERE MADE with precious metals such as silver, gold and platinum.
The Russian government DID NOT BEGIN printing paper money until towards the end of the 1700s.
Russian rouble banknotes today have images of well-known places in Russia, as well as famous MEN in Russian history.
The banknotes have modern features that stop THEM from being copied illegally.
The HIGHEST the amount that appears on a banknote is 5,000 Russian rubles. After that, there are banknotes worth 1,000, 100, 50, 10 and 5 roubles.
However, there are also 5- and 10-rouble coins, and these are used MORE COMMONLY than the 5- and 10-rouble banknotes.
Because 5-rouble coins are used so often, the government decided to stop PRINTING the 5-rouble banknotes any more.
Task 4 for lexical and grammatical transformation
Read the text below. Transform words printed in capital letters so that they match the context grammatically and lexically.
Task Answer
Gina was going to play the part of a very old woman in the school play. She was looking forward to the first __ PERFORM __ of the show.
A few minutes before going on stage, she had an accident. She didn't notice a box on the floor, fell over it, and hurt her knee very __ bad __ .
She could barely walk and she didn't know what to do. She felt __ USE __ .
Then she remembered the expression “the show must go on”. Although Gina's pain was __ TERROR __ , she decided to carry on with the play.
Every second on stage was really __ PAIN __ , but somehow she managed it.
Everyone thought her acting was very __ IMPRESS __ and that she really looked like an old lady!
Gina was going to play the part of a very old woman in the school play. She was looking forward to the first PERFORMANCE of the show.
A few minutes before going on stage, she had an accident. She didn't notice a box on the floor, fell over it, and hurt her knee very BADLY.
She could barely walk and she didn't know what to do. She felt USELESS.
Then she remembered the expression “the show must go on”. Although Gina's pain was TERRIBLE, she decided to carry on with the play.
Every second on stage was really PAINFUL, but somehow she managed it.
Everyone thought her acting was very IMPRESSIVE and that she really looked like an old lady!
Task 5 for lexical and grammatical transformation
Read the text below. Transform words printed in capital letters so that they match the context grammatically and lexically.
Task Answer
Frank's birthday is on 6th July. Last year, he decided to have a big party for all his friends as it __ BE __ his sixteenth birthday.
In previous years, his parents had refused to let him have a party, so he __ FEEL __ very excited when they said yes this time.
‘This is going to be the __ GOOD __ party ever!’ he told his friend, Charlie. ‘Will you help me?’
'Sure' __ REPLY __ Charlie, because he liked the idea. So they started planning the party together.
Charlie and Frank had been to lots of __ PARTY __ so they knew what to do.
‘What we need is some good music,’ said Frank. ‘We’ve got lots of MP3s, but it would be great if we __ HAVE __ a sound system to play them really loudly.’
‘That’s a good idea,’ Charlie agreed. 'My cousin is a DJ, so I'll ask him if we can borrow __ HE __equipment.'
‘I__ THINK __ your cousin was a policeman ' Frank said, confused. Charlie told him that he had nineteen cousins.
‘Oh, yes, your family is much bigger than __ I __ ’ said Frank. ‘Just don’t invite them all to the party!’
Franks birthday is on 6th July. Last year, he decided to have a big party for all his friends as it WAS his sixteenth birthday.
In previous years, his parents had refused to let him have a party, so he FELT very excited when they said yes this time.
'This is going to be the BEST party ever!’ he told his friend, Charlie. ‘Will you help me?’
‘Sure’ REPLIED Charlie, because he liked the idea. So they started planning the party together.
Charlie and Frank had been to lots of PARTIES so they knew what to do.
‘What we need is some good music,’ said Frank. ‘We’ve got lots of MP3s, but it would be great if we HAD a sound system to play them really loudly.'
‘That’s a good idea,’ Charlie agreed. 'My cousin is a DJ, so I'll ask him if we can borrow HIS equipment.'
‘I THOUGHT your cousin was a policeman ' Frank said, confused. Charlie told him that he had nineteen cousins.
‘Oh, yes, your family is much bigger than MINE’ said Frank. ‘Just don’t invite them all to the party!’
Task 6 for lexical and grammatical transformation
Read the text below. Transform words printed in capital letters so that they match the context grammatically and lexically.
Task Answer
Have you heard of the English city of York? It's one of the most __ FAME __ cities in the UK.
The Romans started the city in 71 AD. It quickly grew to become __ CENTER __ to the Roman Empire as a military base.
In 211, Constantine I was crowned Emperor in York. This was __ REAL __ unusual and special, as Emperors were almost always crowned in Rome.
The historical __ IMPORTANT __ of York is also symbolized by the Minster, one of the largest churches in the world.
The city burnt down in a __ DISASTER __ fire in 1137, but managed to recover to become a center of trade and commerce by the 1500s.
Fire struck again in 1984 and the Minster was badly damaged, but __ FORTUNE __ , like the city itself, the Minster recovered its former glory to stand tall once again.
Have you heard of the English city of York? It's one of the most FAMOUS cities in the UK.
The Romans started the city in 71 AD. It quickly grew to become CENTRAL to the Roman Empire as a military base.
In 211, Constantine I was crowned Emperor in York. This was REALLY unusual and special, as Emperors were almost always crowned in Rome.
The historical IMPORTANCE of York is also symbolized by the Minster, one of the largest churches in the world.
The city burnt down in a DISASTROUS fire in 1137, but managed to recover to become a center of trade and commerce by the 1500s.
Fire struck again in 1984 and the Minster was badly damaged, but FORTUNATELY, like the city itself, the Minster recovered its former glory to stand tall once again.
Task 7 for lexical and grammatical transformation
Read the text below. Transform words printed in capital letters so that they match the context grammatically and lexically.
Task Answer
Do you remember the 2012 Olympics? The opening ceremony DIRECT __ by award-winning filmmaker Danny Boyle.
Not many people expected the ceremony to be very good, despite __ HE __ excellent reputation as a director.
But, in the end, it was very successful. Almost everyone who __ SEE __ it said it was fantastic.
The show__ WATCH __ by more than 900 million people and lasted for four hours.
Many of the various sections of the show contained lots of __ CHILD __ and young people.
The aim of the ceremony was to give the world a taste of the __ GOOD __ of British culture.
The sections featured everything from the Industrial Revolution to Britain's literary heritage. These showed what the nation had achieved so far in __ IT __ history.
One part of the ceremony appeared to show the Queen parachuting into the stadium. This has helped make her __ POPULAR __ than ever.
Of course, she didn't really jump from a helicopter. Everyone__ KNOW __ it was a joke.
Do you remember the 2012 Olympics? The opening ceremony WAS DIRECT by award-winning filmmaker Danny Boyle.
Not many people expected the ceremony to be very good, despite HIS excellent reputation as a director.
But, in the end, it was very successful. almost everyone who SAW it said it was fantastic.
The show WAS WATCHED by more than 900 million people and lasted for four hours.
Many of the various sections of the show contained lots of CHILDREN and young people.
The aim of the ceremony was to give the world a taste of the BEST of British culture.
The sections featured everything from the Industrial Revolution to Britain's literary heritage. These showed what the nation had achieved so far in ITS history.
One part of the ceremony appeared to show the Queen parachuting into the stadium. This has helped make her MORE POPULAR than ever.
Of course, she didn't really jump from a helicopter. Everyone KNEW it was a joke.
Task 8 for lexical and grammatical transformation
Read the text below. Transform words printed in capital letters so that they match the context grammatically and lexically.
Task Answer
I grew up in the UK in the 1980s. During my __ CHILD __ there wasn't always a lot to do in the summer holidays.
On the rare occasions when it was a warm __ SUN __ day, we'd go for a picnic on Blackpool beach.
As far as my family were concerned, there was nothing more __ ENJOY __ than eating sandwiches on the beach.
We hardly ever went swimming, though, as the water was often __ EXTREME __cold. So we would just play on the wet sand.
But even if we were LUCKY __ with the weather and it started raining, we could always go for some fish and chips.
Nothing gave us more pleasure after a __ TIRE __day at the seaside.
I grew up in the UK in the 1980s. During my CHILDHOOD there wasn't always a lot to do in the summer holidays.
On the rare occasions when it was a warm SUNNY day, we'd go for a picnic on Blackpool beach.
As far as my family were concerned, there was nothing more ENJOYABLE than eating sandwiches on the beach.
We hardly ever went swimming, though, as the water was often EXTREMELY cold. So we would just play on the wet sand.
But even if we were UNLUCKY with the weather and it started raining, we could always go for some fish and chips.
Nothing gave us more pleasure after a TIRING day at the seaside.
Task 9 for lexical and grammatical transformation
Read the text below. Transform words printed in capital letters so that they match the context grammatically and lexically.
Task Answer
Lisa was getting ready for bed. She'd iust brushed her __ TOOTH __ and was deciding which book to read in bed.
As usual, she was thinking about a million other things at the same time. 'Daddy's got the __ INTERESTING __ job in the whole world,’ she thought.
I wonder if I'll be a teacher like Daddy when I'm __ OLD __ ,'she then thought. ‘Maybe I’ll be an astronaut.’
She smiled to __ SHE __ at the idea of speeding through space in a spaceship.
Then she stopped SMILE __ . ‘But if I’m an astronaut. I'll be away from my family, friends and cat.'
She__ KNOW __ it was impossible to be an astronaut and see her family all the time.
She__ MAKE __ a decision. ‘I won’t do that job, then. I want to see my cat every evening.’
At that moment, her cat Timothy __ COME __ into the room. Timothy looked at her, as if to say: ‘I want to see you every day, too.’
I
Lisa was getting ready for bed. She'd iust brushed her TEETH and was deciding which book to read in bed.
As usual, she was thinking about a million other things at the same time. 'Daddy's got the MOST INTERESTING job in the whole world,’ she thought.
I wonder if I'll be a teacher like Daddy when I'm OLDER,' she then thought. ‘Maybe I’ll be an astronaut.’
She smiled to HERSELF at the idea of speeding through space in a spaceship.
Then she stopped SMILING. ‘But if I’m an astronaut. I'll be away from my family, friends and cat.'
She KNEW it was impossible to be an astronaut and see her family all the time.
She MADE a decision. ‘I won’t do that job, then. I want to see my cat every evening.’
At that moment, her cat Timothy CAME into the room. Timothy looked at her, as if to say: ‘I want to see you every day, too.’
‘Now,’ said Lisa. ‘What book do you want __ ME __ to read to you before bed tonight, Timothy?’
Task 10 for lexical and grammatical transformation
Read the text below. Transform words printed in capital letters so that they match the context grammatically and lexically.
Task Answer
Pablo Picasso was born in 1881 and died in 1973. He's an extremely well-known __ PAINT __.
Although he was born in Spain, he spent most of his __ AMAZE __ life in Paris.
Most of Picassos pictures are quite __ USUAL __ to look at, as they contain strange shapes and very weird faces.
His pictures are very bright. __ VIEW __ often say they are dramatic works of art.
Picasso had close FRIEND __ with several other famous people from that time, including Henri Matisse and Gertrude Stein.
His talent was widely recognized during his lifetime, and when people think of the greatest artists of all time, they __ GENERAL __ think of him.
Pablo Picasso was born in 1881 and died in 1973. He's an extremely well-known PAINTER.
Although he was born in Spain, he spent most of his AMAZING life in Paris.
Most of Picassos pictures are quite UNUSUAL to look at, as they contain strange shapes and very weird faces.
His pictures are very bright. VIEWERS often say they are dramatic works of art.
Picasso had close FRIENDSHIPS with several other famous people from that time, including Henri Matisse and Gertrude Stein.
His talent was widely recognized during his lifetime, and when people think of the greatest artists of all time, they GENERALLY think of him.
Task 11 for lexical and grammatical transformation
Read the text below. Transform words printed in capital letters so that they match the context grammatically and lexically.
Task Answer
Red Square is a city square in the center of Moscow. It__ CONSIDER __ by some people to be the center of all of Russia.
Its name__ NOT COME __ from the red bricks that make up the square, nor from any connection to a type of government.
Rather, the word 'red' in Russian can also mean 'beautiful'. As the square has grand and beautiful buildings, __ IT __ appearance is indeed lovely.
Originally, the square__ DESIGN __ to be a market-place, but it has also been used for other purposes.
Official ceremonies__ TAKE __ place there over the years, such as the crowning of tsars in past centuries.
Around the square, there BE __ several important buildings, such as the Kremlin and St Basils Cathedral.
In 1990. Red Square__ BECOME __ a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the Kremlin.
Red Square is also used for rock concerts __ THIS __ days. Performers such as Paul McCartney, Shakira and the Red Hot Chili Peppers have played there.
McCartneys band, The Beatles, was not allowed to play in Russia. McCartnev, however, was the __ TWO __ Beatle to perform in Russia, after Ringo Starr played there in 1998.
Red Square is a city square in the center of Moscow. It IS CONSIDER by some people to be the center of all of Russia.
Its name DOES NOT COME from the red bricks that make up the square, nor from any connection to a type of government.
Rather, the word 'red' in Russian can also mean 'beautiful'. As the square has grand and beautiful buildings, ITS appearance is indeed lovely.
Originally, the square WAS DESIGNED to be a market place, but it has also been used for other purposes.
official ceremonies HAVE TAKEN place there over the years, such as the crowning of tsars in past centuries.
Around the square, there ARE several important buildings, such as the Kremlin and St Basils Cathedral.
In 1990. Red Square BECAME a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the Kremlin.
Red Square is also used for rock concerts THESE days. Performers such as Paul McCartney, Shakira and the Red Hot Chili Peppers have played there.
McCartneys band, The Beatles, was not allowed to play in Russia. McCartnev, however, was the SECOND Beatle to perform in Russia, after Ringo Starr played there in 1998.
Task 12 for lexical and grammatical transformation
Read the text below. Transform words printed in capital letters so that they match the context grammatically and lexically.
Task Answer
When Nick returned from his holiday, he met his friend Jill for a drink. She asked him if he had had a __ RELAX __ time.
Nick said he'd really enjoyed swimming and all visiting the __ ATTRACT __but that it hadn't all been perfect.
Because of this, Jill asked him what had made him __ HAPPY __ during the trip.
'You can't __ EASY __ enjoy vourself when you're sweating all the time,' he said.
Jill reminded him that now he was back in London, where it was gray and __ CLOUD __.
‘I know’ said Nick, ‘but __ LUCKY __ I still have some sunburn from Thailand to keep me warm!’
When Nick returned from his holiday, he met his friend Jill for a drink. She asked him if he had had a RELAXING time.
Nick said he'd really enjoyed swimming and visiting all the ATTRACTIONS but that it hadn't been perfect.
Because of this, Jill asked him what had made him UNHAPPY during the trip.
Nick replied that he hadn't really liked the hot weather.
'You can't EASILY enjoy vourself when you're sweating all the time,' he said.
Jill reminded him that now he was back in London, where it was gray and CLOUDY.
'I know' said Nick, 'but LUCKILY I still have some sunburn from Thailand to keep me warm!’
Detailed study of the USE assignments section in English
Section 3 "Grammar and Vocabulary"
Grammar is the core of the language. And as much as we would like to avoid boring grammar exercises, they are necessary for understanding its structure and logic, without which it is impossible to achieve fluency in the language.
In the exam, a good knowledge of grammar is necessary to complete the first task in the "Grammar and Vocabulary" section. But this does not mean that in all other cases you can do without it. Grammar is the cement without which the bricks (words) will never build a house.
When preparing for the exam, you should systematize your knowledge and fill in the gaps. I advise you to start with the most important and most difficult - with the system of times. If you figure it out, you can say that most of the work is done. I do not advise you to just read the grammar rules, you need to do exercises on each phenomenon, as well as on their comparison.
Section 3 "Grammar and vocabulary" checks:
knowledge of the grammar of the language (i.e. the rules for adding words into sentences), namely: possession of the tense forms of the verb, knowledge of ordinal and cardinal numbers, degrees of comparison of adjectives, personal, object and possessive pronouns, possessive adjectives, the use of gerunds, etc. (An excerpt from fiction requires converting words printed in capital letters in the margin so that theygrammatically correspond to the content of the text. There are no spelling mistakes here.)
knowledge of the vocabulary of the language, namely: knowledge of the meaning and compatibility of words, knowledge of phrasal verbs, the use of prepositions, understanding the differences in the use of words that are close in meaning or in form.
Section 3 "Grammar and Vocabulary" consists of 20 tasks :
Tasks 19 - 25 - questions above average complexity - you need to transform the words printed in capital letters at the end of the lines so that they grammatically correspond to the content of the text.
Tasks 26 - 31 - you need to form from words printed in capital letters at the end of lines, cognates so that they correspond grammatically and lexically to the content of the text.
Tasks 32 - 38 are questions of increased complexity, when answering, you need to choose 1 correct answer out of 4.
The recommended time to complete the tasks is 40 minutes.
ASSIGNMENTS 19 - 25 (on the example of the demo version of the Unified State Examination 2015)
In this task, you must fill in the gaps by putting the given words in correct form. This tests your knowledge of grammar, especially tense forms of the verb.
Execution strategy :
First, read the text quickly in its entirety. Decide what time the main story takes place.
Study each sentence and the word given to it separately. First, determine the part of speech of the missing word.
Then think in what form you should put the given word. If it's a verb, you must decide what tense to put it in.
To do this, first determine the time in which the action is described: present, past or future.
Then think about the sequence of tenses, is there any precedence (Past Perfect) or connection of the action with the present ( Present Perfect).
See if the action is long (Present/Past Continuous), if it is directed at the subject of the action (Passive Voice).
Pay attention to the time indicator. For example, usually usually used with Present Simple, already, recently - With present perfect.
After filling in the gaps, read the text again, make sure that your answers correspond to the logic of the story.
19 - flying
20 - would have
21 - them
End of form
TASKS 26 - 31
This task tests your knowledge of word formation in English. You must fill in the gaps in the text by putting the given words in the right part of speech, suitable grammatically and logically.
Execution strategy :
First, quickly skim through the entire text to get an idea of its content.
Then read the sentences and missing words carefully. Pay attention to the words before and after the missing word. Your task is to determine what part of speech the missing word will be.
Now think about the form of the word. What suffix must be added to form a noun, adjective, or adverb? Should the noun be pluralized? Is a prefix needed? Or should the form of the word not be changed at all?
After choosing answers, read the text again to make sure everything is grammatically and logically correct.
26 – suddenly
27 – volcanic
28 - famous
End forms
ASSIGNMENTS 32 - 38
This is a task of the highest level. If you can theoretically prepare for the first two tasks of this section by studying the basic rules of grammar and word formation, then it all depends on your vocabulary. You either know a stable combination, a phrasal verb, the right word or not.
Read the text as a whole first.
Then start working on each pass. Read the surrounding words carefully to understand the context.
You must choose a word that is suitable in meaning, as well as combined grammatically. To do this, be sure to pay attention to the preposition, or its absence after the pass. If you know which verbs are used with which prepositions, this will be a hint to you.
After you give all the answers, read the text again to make sure everything is correct logically and grammatically.
brother | brothers | woman | |
match | |||
camera | baby | ||
photo | person | ||
church | secretary | ||
radio | thief | ||
sandwich | foot | ||
door | wolf | ||
lady | tomato | ||
gentleman | |||
teeth | watch | ||
child | |||
teacher | |||
deer | monkey | ||
leaves | piano | ||
city | potatoes |
2. The bay has got two new _____. 3. Alex saw some _____ running across the floor. 4.If a houseplant is given too much water, its lower____turn yellow. 5.New scientific ____ are made every day In ______. 6. In the mountains we saw some_____, _______ ______ and wild ______. 7. I can see trees and _____ outside the window. | MATCH TOOTH MOUSE LEAF DISCOVERY LABORATORY WOLF FOX DEER SHEEP BUSH |
| BOYS CHILDREN CHILD WOMAN WOMEN SISTER |
- Jims last name is Smith.
- Jim's last name is Smith.
- Bobs cat likes to sleep on the sofa
- My teachers names are MS. Rice and Mr. Molina.
- My mothers first name is Maria.
ADJECTIVES
happy
young
shallow
difficult
dirty
patient
comfortable
brave
friendly
ridiculous
late-later
little
- Jill's a ________ (intelligent) person than my brother.
- Kate was the_________ (practical) of the family.
- Greg felt __________ (bad) yesterday than the day before.
- This cake is the ____________ (good) I've ever tasted.
- Jack was the_________ (tall) of the two.
- Jack is the__________ (clever) of the three brothers.
- If you need any ___________ (far) information, please contact our head office.
- The sinking of Titanic is one of _____________ (famous) shipwreck stories of all time.
- Please, send the books back without_________ (far) delay.
- The deposits of oil in Russia are the __________ (rich) in the world.
- Could you come a bit _______ (early) tomorrow?
- I like this song _________ (well) than the previous one.
- Which of these two performances did you enjoy ________ (much)?
PRONOUNS
1. Fill in the gap with the correct object pronoun.
- Who is that lady? - Why are you looking at __________?
- Do you know that young handsome man?-Yes, I study with __________.
- Please listen to _______. I want to express my point of view.
- These puppies are so nice! Do you want to look at ______.
- We like this house. We're going to buy _________.
- He can't see _______ because we are sitting in the last row.
- Where are the keys to our flat? I can't find _______.
- Where is Ann? I want to talk to _________.
- This snake is poisonous. I "m very afraid of _______.
- Don "t wait for _______ for dinner. I" ll return very late at night.
- He left Polotsk long ago. I haven't seen _______ since.
- You can fully rely on _______. We won't let you down.
- I am angry with __________.
- He fell down and hurt __________.
- Tell me more about __________.
- She believes in __________.
- We are sure of __________.
- They did everything __________.
- Did you translate the text __________.
- I saw everything __________.
- The knife was sharp, and she cut __________.
- They introduced __________.
- Can you do many things _________?
- Does your friend Nick often talk to you about _________?
- Did your mother buy anything for _________ last week?
- Are you always sure of _________?
- Do you believe in _________?
- Did the pupils answer all the questions _________?
- Did you make the dress ______________ .
- This is my mom. _________ name "s Jess.
- These are my sisters. ________ names are Mary and Dina.
- These are my parents. _________ names are Tanya and Bob
- This is my cousin. _________ name "s Helen.
- This is my cousin. ______ name "s Fred
- This is my aunt. _______ name "s Pam.
Jason: Whose sunglasses are these?
Kate They're Amy's, I think. Yes, they're (1) _______.
Paul: Whose baseball cap is this?
Amy: That's (2) ______ too! Thanks.
Kate: Wow! Whose dirty towel is this?
Jason: Ask Paul. I think it's (3) __________ .
Paul: Yes, it is. thanks. You"ve got a great T-shirt, Amy!
Kate: Thanks. I borrowed it from my big sister. So it "s (4) __________ really.
Jason: What about this umbrella?
Paul: Don "t be silly, Jason! You brought it, so it must be (5) __________.
Kate: Does this beach ball belong to us?
Jason: No, it isn't (6) __________. Those kids over there were looking for a ball, so it's (7) _________ probably.
VERBS
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1. simple past , Simple Present , Present Continuous or Past continuous , Present Perfect .
- I ________ (listen) to the radio while Mary __________ (cook) dinner.
- You __________ (buy) this book yesterday?
- Last Friday Jill __________ (go) home early because she __________ (want) to see a film.
- When your brother usually __________ (get) home in the evening?
- Jane always __________ (bring) us a nice present.
- What those people __________ (do) in the middle of the road?
- You __________ (read) this book?
- While Fred __________ (sleep), Judy __________ (watch) TV.
- When I __________ (be) young, I __________ (think) Mary __________ (be) nice - but now I __________ (think) she’s fantastic.
- Jill __________ (walk) home when she __________ (see) her husband’s car outside the cinema
- look there! Sue and Tim __________ (run) to school.
- Jack's father __________ (not work) in London - he __________ (not speak) English.
- Joe __________ (buy) a car yesterday.
- Their father often __________ (go) to rock concerts.
- While you __________ (sleep), mother __________ (arrive).
- Put the following sentences into the correct tense: Present Perfect, Past
Simple, Present Perfect Continuous.
- Today is Thursday, and John ________ (be) late twice this week; he________ (be) late yesterday and on Monday.
- I first________ (meet) George a month ago, and I ________ (meet) him several times since then.
- It is October now, and we ________ (do) a lot of work this year; we ________ (do) a lot last year too.
- She ________ (buy) a coat last winter, but she________ (not / buy) a new dress since 2008.
- It’s only the middle of the month, and he________ (spend) (already) most of his salary; he ________ (spend) $60 yesterday,
- I ________ (break) my leg in 1991, but I ________ (break) (never) my arm.
- He's over sixty, and he's still working. He _______ (work) hard all his life. When he ________ (be) a young man, he sometimes ________ (work) all night.
- The postman ________ (come) at eight yesterday, but it's now half past eight and he ________ (not / come) yet.
- Today is May 25th. Ted ________ (not / be) absent this month.
- He ________ (feel) extremely ill when he went to hospital, but he ________ (feel) much better since he came out of hospital a month ago.
1 . It's a big factory. Five hundred people are employed (employ) there.
2. Water ___________ (cover) most of the Earth's surface.
3. Most of the Earth's surface ___________ (cover) by water.
4. The park gates ___________ (lock) at 6.30 p.m. every evening.
5. The letter __________ (post) a week ago and it ____________ (arrive) yesterday.
6. The boat ________ (sink) quickly but fortunately everybody ________________ (rescue).
7. Jacob's parents _____________ (die) when he was very young. He and his sister _________ (bring) up by their grandparents.
8. I was born in London but I __________ (grow) up in the north of England.
9. While I was on holiday, my camera ________ (steal) from my hotel room.
10. While I was on holiday, my camera _________ (disappear) from my hotel room.
11. The company is not independent. It ________________ (own) by a much larger company.
12. I saw an accident last night. Somebody __________ (call) an ambulance but nobody ___________ (injure) so the ambulance _____________ (not / need).
- Use passive or active voice.
1. Nobody (to see) him yesterday. 2. The telegram (to receive) tomorrow. 3. He (to give) me this book next week. 4. The answer to this question can (to find) in the encyclopedia. 5. We (to show) the historical monuments of the capital to the delegation. 6. You can (to find) interesting information about the life in the USA in this book. 7. Budapest (to divide) into two parts: Buda and Pest. 8. Yuri Dolgoruki (to found) Moscow in 1147. 9. Moscow University (to found) by Lomonosov. 10. We (to call) Zhukovski the father of Russian aviation.
PARTICIPLES
1.Choose the right participle
1. interesting/interested
This exercise is _______.
2. exciting/excited
On Christmas Eve, many children are so ______ that they stay up all night.
3. annoying/annoyed
My friend has a very ______ habit.
4.tiring/tired
I had such a ______ day I went straight to bed.
5. relaxing/relaxed
We were _________ after our holidays.
6. disgusted/disgusted
Their hamburgers are ________ .
7. satisfying/satisfied
I "m not __________ with my job.
8. boring/bored
George always talks about the same things, he is so __________.
9. disappointing/disappointed
I like this actor but the film was _________.
10.confusing/confused
English grammar can be_________.
1. The people I work with are _____ with their work. | SATISFY |
2. John was ______ by the news report. | DISGUST |
3. We thought that the instructions were _____ | CONFUSE |
4.It's an ______little story. You should read it. | AMUSE |
5.Working late every day is_____. | TIRE |
6.I'm not really _____ in sport. | INTEREST |
7.Do you feel ____about them? | WORRY |
8.All this information is making me ____. | CONFUSE |
9.I had a ____weekend because of the rain. | BORE |
10.Young children are often ____of the dark. | SCARE |
ANSWERS
NOUNS
- write the plurals
brother | brothers | woman | women |
match | matches | boxes |
|
camera | cameras | baby | babies |
photo | photos | person | people |
church | churches | secretary | secretaries |
radio | radios | thief | thieves |
sandwich | sandwiches | foot | feet |
door | doors | wolf | wolves |
lady | ladies | tomato | tomatoes |
gentleman | gentlemen | ||
teeth | teeth | watch | watches |
keys | child | children |
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teacher | teachers | boys |
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deer | deer | monkey | monkeys |
leaves | leaves | piano | pianos |
city | cities | potatoes | potatoes |
- Write the correct form of the nouns
1.matches
2.teeth
3.mice
4.leaves
5.discoveries
6.laboratories
7.wolves
8.foxes
9.deer
10.sheep
11 bushes
- Complete the sentences with the possessive form of the nouns
1.boy's
2.boys'
3.children's
4.child's
5.woman's
6.women's
7.sister's
- Add apostrophes to the possessive nouns
- Jims last name is Smith.
- Jim's last name is Smith.
- Bob's cat likes to sleep on the sofa
- My teachers 'names are MS. Rice and Mr. Molina.
- My mother's first name is Maria.
ADJECTIVES
1. Write the comparative and the superlative forms of the following adjectives.
happy - happier - the happiest
young-younger-the youngest
shallow - shallower/more shallow - shallowest/the most shallow
difficult - more difficult - the most difficult
dirty - dirtier - the dirtiest
patient - more patient - the most patient
hot-hotter-the hottest
comfortable - more comfortable - the most comfortable
brave - braver - the bravest
friendly - more friendly - the most friendly
ridiculous - more ridiculous - the most ridiculous
late - later - the latest
little - less - the least
2. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the adjectives in brackets .
- more intelligent
- most practical
- worse
- best
- tallest
- cleverest/the most clever
- further
- most famous
- further
- richest
- earlier
- better
- more
PRONOUNS
- Fill in the gap with the correct object pronoun.
- them
- them
- Complete the sentences with reflexive pronouns.
- Myself
- Himself
- Youself
- Herself
- Ourselves
- Themselves
- Yourself
- Myself
- Herself
- Themselves
- Yourself
- Himself
- Herself
- Yourself
- Yourself
- Themselves
- yourself
- Complete the sentences using possessive pronouns.
- Their
- Their
- Insert absolute possessive pronouns.
- Hers
- Mine
- Hers
- Yours
- Mine
- Theirs
VERBS
1. Write four forms of the following verbs
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