What should be the temperature and humidity in the Russian bath. What temperature and humidity in the Russian bath are the most correct Maximum temperature in the Russian bath

As soon as they don’t call a bathhouse in Russia! In Russian folklore, she is both a “kindred mother”, and a “healer”, and “a savior from seven troubles”. Semyon Gerasimovich Zybelin, a student of M.V. Lomonosov, the first Russian professor at the Faculty of Medicine of Moscow University, in his book “On bathing, baths and baths” wrote about the process of washing in a bath as a pleasure. And he called the state after the bath a rebirth of strength and a renewal of feelings. His works are still being used not only by doctors, but also by everyone who in one way or another studies the properties of the bath.

There are a lot of works about the bath in general and specifically about the Russian bath. Among those who studied how the Russian bath affects the human body was the scientist, academician Ivan Tarkhanov (1846–1908) and his contemporary Professor Vyacheslav Manassein. So, Tarkhanov wrote that it is enough to slightly prick a steamed person with a pin, and he will immediately bleed in drops. This is due, according to the scientist, with an increase in body temperature when a person takes a steam bath. Blood thickens, hemoglobin rises. However, in order for the blood to return to normal, it is enough to drink 1-2 glasses of water. At what temperature did Tarkhanov's subjects soar, if his further conclusions indicate a decrease in body weight at that time from 140 to 580 grams, an increase in the circumference of the chest and a decrease (envy, women!) in the circumference of the abdomen?

It makes no sense to talk about a specific traditional temperature and humidity in a Russian bath. In numerous works of Russian scientists - A. Fadeev. V. Godlevsky, V. Znamensky, S. Kostyurin, N. Zasetsky and many others - it is said about the bath with different temperatures. So, in a classic Russian bath, the temperature ranges from 40 to 60 degrees Celsius and humidity is kept at about the same percentage level (40–60). In such a bath, the body heats up very slowly. A person is able to sit in the steam room for up to an hour. With such a combination of temperature and humidity, medical scientists note a very high inhalation effect of the procedure.

But try to lure a real bather into such a bath. He won't understand you. The steam must be strong. That is, the temperature is higher - the humidity is lower. Such baths warm up to 70-90 degrees, and the humidity there does not exceed 35 percent. If the temperature reaches 100 degrees and above, and the humidity drops even more, then we are talking about a bath, which we call a “sauna”. However, according to the works of the scientists already named, it is not difficult to trace that long before they got acquainted with the Finnish sauna, there were always lovers of high temperature and very low humidity in the steam room in Russia.

The temperature and humidity in a Russian bath largely depend on the design of its furnace. If an open water tank is used in the steam room, then as the temperature rises, the water evaporates - and the bath is provided with increased humidity. The temperature of the stones in the heater in such a bath does not rise above 300 degrees Celsius. If water is poured on the stones, the so-called heavy steam is formed. It hangs in the form of mist and adversely affects the respiratory tract.

On the contrary, a closed container, and even remote from the oven, does not emit moisture at all. The stones in such a steam room can warm up to 700 degrees. It is enough to pour a bucket of water on the heater, and the liquid instantly turns into dry steam, it is also called light, or dispersed. This means that water molecules and air molecules are mixed in it.

Teachers and students of the First Moscow Medical Institute, having studied modern Russian baths, came to the conclusion that they are universal. Baths are built in such a way that the temperature and humidity of the air there change depending on the place where you are. So, in the dressing room the temperature will be 20–25 degrees with very moderate humidity; in the washing room it reaches the lower level of a classic bath - 30–35 degrees at a humidity of 40%; and in the steam room it will increase depending on the preference of the steamer. If you do not pour water on the heater, then perhaps the temperature will remain at a level no higher than 80 degrees with a humidity of 25-30 percent. And if you want a vigorous park - you sprinkled one or two buckets of water on the heater, and the classic sauna is ready.

The main principle of the Russian bath, which is noted by all scientists without exception: there is no maximum humidity or temperature in it. Otherwise, this is not a bath, but wandering with a broom in the fog.

It makes no sense to talk about a specific traditional temperature and humidity in a Russian bath. In numerous works of Russian scientists - A. Fadeev. V. Godlevsky, V. Znamensky, S. Kostyurin, N. Zasetsky and many others - they talk about a bath with different temperatures. So, in a classic Russian bath, the temperature ranges from 40 to 60 degrees Celsius and humidity is kept at about the same percentage level (40–60). In such a bath, the body heats up very slowly. A person is able to sit in the steam room for up to an hour. With such a combination of temperature and humidity, medical scientists note a very high inhalation effect of the procedure.

Many people wonder what should be the temperature in the sauna, but finding the exact answer is not so easy. After all, for each person everything is purely individual. One will easily sit in the steam room where the thermometer is approaching 140 °, while the other will begin to look for coolness already at 90 ° Celsius. Below is general information about temperature conditions and the value of air humidity in the steam room.

Optimum steam room operation

The perception of temperature in the bath and sauna is different. This is due to the humidity of the air. With dry air, heat is perceived more calmly, while with high humidity, an indicator of 60 ° C will be perceived as all 100 ° C.

The Finnish sauna has dry warm air. The optimal value is an indicator from 70 to 110 degrees Celsius. The maximum temperature in the sauna can reach 130 degrees Celsius, but not everyone can withstand such intense heat, but only true connoisseurs of steam rooms and trained people.

90 degrees Celsius is the optimal temperature in the sauna, which can be easily tolerated by all categories of citizens. For children and the elderly, it is recommended not to exceed this value. With this indicator, the humidity of the air is only 10 or 15 percent.

The Finnish sauna, where the temperature reaches 110-120 degrees Celsius, makes it easy for a person to stay in it, since such conditions, with low humidity, are very well tolerated.

But there may be such moments as dryness of the mucosa and the respiratory tract and burning in the nose. If you begin to feel unwell, it is best to open the door and let in cold air to reduce the heat and leave the steam room for a while.

Sauna temperature and humidity are the most important indicators, since the temperature must be high, and the humidity should not exceed 15%. In general, this is a room that heats up very much and forms a steam effect.

The temperature in the bath and sauna is very different in its performance. The temperature in the Finnish sauna is much higher than in the bath, for example, with optimal values of 60-70 degrees for a bath, in a Finnish steam room this figure is 90 degrees. This happens due to the increased humidity of the air in the bath, which leads to such a perception of the surrounding atmosphere.

Humidity in the steam room is an indicator that is usually equal to the humidity outside. Staying in the steam room has a positive effect on the human body, by removing all toxins and harmful substances through sweat, but for this the optimal temperature for the sauna must be observed. The best ratio is achieved only when the stove is made of stone.

The temperature in the Finnish sauna will always be the same if the stove is located in the same room as the steam room. But it may also be that the stove is in the rest room. Then the most important thing is that three of its walls are in the steam room.

Generally, in Finnish bath it is important to observe the heating mode and constantly monitor the thermometer reading. What is the temperature in the sauna this moment, will depend on how hot the stones are in the stove and, most importantly, that the stones are open.

For a very long time, a very interesting rule appeared, the lower the humidity, the higher the thermometer should be in the Finnish bath. It is not recommended and contraindicated the presence of high humidity, as this can lead to burns to the skin and respiratory tract. An indicator of 25% humidity automatically leads to injury.

Therefore, in some places it is strictly forbidden to splash water on the stones, as you can very much raise the humidity of the air without noticing it. Although, you can pour water on the stones, but its amount should be minimal.

The temperature in the bath can reach up to 140-160 degrees, but under such conditions, not everyone can afford to bathe, since it is very easy to get colossal skin burns, so only trained people are able to withstand such heat.

To comfortably take a steam bath, you need to reduce the heating of the air and it is best to start at the end, when you are about to leave the room. By this time, the body is already warm enough and ready for the process.

Baths are heated using two types of stoves:

Kamenka;
Electric furnace.

An electric furnace is usually located in the corner of the steam room. And the location of the heater should be such that the length of the chimney is the smallest. It is optimal when hellish heat and access to cold water are combined.

temperature in the infrared sauna

Such a place is very different from the usual idea of the steaming process. The session usually takes place within half an hour and has a healing effect. The procedure takes place in a sitting position. The body heats up very much, but, which is good, it does not overheat, so contrast showers are not necessary.

It has a lot of advantages, in addition to good warming up of the body and good perspiration.

The optimal mode is 45-55 degrees Celsius. The person feels very good and comfortable. There is also no steam at all.
It is not only convenient to use, but also fast. Saves a lot of time. It heats up very quickly due to the fact that the cabin is small. Heating takes place literally in 10-15 minutes, and it will take several hours to warm up, for example, a Finnish bath. After a visit, there is no feeling of strong relaxation as after a regular bath, but on the contrary, vigor of the body prevails and vitality increases.
Another advantage is the size of the steam room. It takes up very little space, and there is no stove in it. And it works from a conventional electrical network, and heating occurs due to electricity.

You can even place it in ordinary apartment. Heat waves penetrate the human body by as much as 4 cm, and in a conventional bath by only 5 mm, this indicates a very good heating intensity. There are even special home sauna tents that work on the same principle.

Due to the fact that the heat rays pass so deeply, sweating in a person also increases, which enhances the release of toxins and harmful substances from the human body.

Here are the main points that you should pay attention to when visiting the steam rooms. Keep an eye on thermometers and avoid excessive humidity. Keep in mind that these values are different for each type of steam room. By adhering to these recommendations, you will not only protect your health, but also have a beneficial effect on the entire body as a whole, combining rest and health. With light steam, as they say.

Many people like to visit the steam room. But in order to relax, get positive result from the procedure, and at the same time not harm your health, you need to know what is the optimal temperature in the bath. It is also necessary to take into account the degree of humidity of the air and the quality of the steam.

Types of baths

The human body is more sensitive to heat when the humidity is high. AT different types bath buildings have a different microclimate, so it doesn’t hurt to understand their features, as well as find out how best to bathe. Consider the main types of baths that are popular.

Finding out how many degrees in the bath should be, take into account the type of steam room:

Russian bath. The air here has high humidity, but the heat is negligible. To adjust the humidity in the steam room, hot stones that are heated in the oven are poured with water. The higher it is, the more difficult it is for the body to cope with such a microclimate. The temperature in the steam room of the Russian bath reaches 60-70 degrees with a humidity of 90%. But high humidity has its own advantages, for example, in a person, all muscles and joints are qualitatively warmed up, internal organs. In the Russian version of the bath, it is also customary to use brooms, which are like a massager. When visiting the steam room, blood circulation improves, the pores on the skin open, the muscles relax and, as a result, harmful metabolic substances are removed.
Turkish sauna. It will be interesting to know how many degrees in the hammam. In it, the temperature and air are noticeably different from the conditions of stay in a Russian bath. The body gets tired less here, and the atmosphere is better tolerated. The air warms up to 50 degrees, and the humidity reaches 100%. Despite the lack of intense heat, the steam is thick. You can stay in such a bath for a longer time compared to a Russian wood-fired bath.
Finnish sauna. In this place, the air humidity is noticeably lower than in other types of baths. The temperature is high and the air is dry. Such an atmosphere is not well perceived by everyone - dry mouth appears, and a burning sensation occurs in the nose. On average, the temperature approaches 90 degrees, but sometimes it can even exceed 110 degrees, and the humidity is only 10-15%.

The effect of heat on the human body

As blood circulation speeds up, blood pressure rises. A bath is useful for people who suffer from stagnation of blood in the limbs. However, for those who have problems with the heart and blood vessels, the steam room can do harm.

But some diseases can, if not get rid of, then significantly alleviate their course, subject to the regular adoption of procedures in the steam room.

These include:

frequent colds;
obesity;
allergy;
circulatory disorders.

Temperature and humidity

The bathhouse consists of three zones: a dressing room, a dressing room and a steam room. In the first of them, the temperature is about 25 degrees, and the humidity is 60%, in the dressing room, respectively, 27-29 degrees and 80%. The temperature in the steam room of the Russian bath is 50-90 degrees, the humidity is about 70%. The degrees rise gradually and the body has time to get used to the heat. The water in the reservoir should be cool, in the range of 10-25 degrees, so that you can feel the contrast with the steam.

A study was conducted to find out what temperature and how long the body can withstand.

According to it, they came to the conclusion that the higher the temperature, the less time a visitor can be in the steam room:

71 degrees - 60 minutes;
82 degrees - 49 minutes;
93 degrees - 33 minutes;
104 degrees - 26 minutes.

In the sauna and bath, it is imperative to monitor the temperature and humidity of the air. For this purpose, appropriate devices are installed in the room. If there is not enough moisture, you can pour water on the stones, when there is a lot of it, open the door slightly. In the event that it gets hot, it is recommended to sit further from the stove and preferably on the lower shelf.

At a humidity level of 90-100%, the temperature should not exceed 70 degrees. If the steam room is visited by elderly or in poor health, it is recommended not to exceed 55 degrees. it Maximum temperature in the bath for them. At low humidity levels, this parameter may be higher. More intense sweating occurs in dry, hot air.

How to visit the bath

Having found out what temperature should be in the steam room of the bath, you need to pay attention to how to attend the procedures correctly. First of all, you need to do this regularly, not occasionally.

A person visiting the steam room for the first time should not stay in it for more than 5 minutes. There is no need to use brooms right away. When there were no problems during the first visit, gradually, each time, the time of stay can be increased by a couple of minutes.
Those who often visit the bathhouse know that it is highly undesirable to stay in the steam room for more than half an hour. But this does not mean that you need to sit to the end - if you feel uncomfortable, you should get out of it.
You should not stand in the bath, as you can get heat stroke. The position of the body should be such that favorable conditions are created for the outflow of lymph - you need to lie with your legs elevated. Due to this, the load on the heart is reduced. If it is impossible to lie down, it is recommended to sit so that the legs are at the level of the body.
To warm up the body, you should change postures. Breathe only through your nose.
Do not stand up abruptly, as you can lose your balance and fall.
Regardless of the temperature of the Russian bath, it is allowed to enter the steam room 3-4 times. Moreover, after each visit, the time spent in it or the locker room should increase.
Between visits to the steam room, contrasting procedures are needed. It is better to start patting with brooms after the second visit to the steam room.
When the body warms up, you can do a massage. But before that, it is undesirable to go out to other rooms or drink cool drinks. After the massage is over, take a warm shower and wash.
A visit to the bathhouse ends after the body has dried and cooled down - you do not need to immediately go outside.

Besides:

visit the steam room after at least 1.5 hours after eating;
no need to steam high temperature or poor health;
no smoking;
remove metal objects from yourself to avoid burns;
no need to wash your hair in the steam room;
you need to remain calm and not make sudden movements;
you can not go to the bath on an empty stomach and take alcohol;
before going outside, you should cool down and rest;
you should use a broom only on a steamed body;
you need to wash only after the steam room;
when visiting the steam room, you should not immediately lie down on the top shelf;
on the first run, you do not need to create a lot of steam.

You need to bring bath accessories:

sheet and towel;
soap and shampoo;
brooms;
a cap on the head and slippers;
robe;
comb
drinking water.

Arrangement of ventilation and thermal insulation

The level of heat and its safety depends on how well the thermal insulation is performed, and how the bath is built. To keep the heat longer, a heat insulator is laid between the walls during construction. Only then can the optimum temperature for the Russian bath be maintained.

The steam room should be built in such a way that the heat cannot escape. To this end, the doors are made low, and the thresholds are high. It is better to place the stove near the door, then the steam room will warm up evenly. To keep the floor surface warm, flooring laid in several layers.

Ventilation in the sauna is necessary in order to maintain the same pressure from inside and outside. As for the Russian version of the bath, the air pressure in it is increased, so steam must be supplied carefully so that the doors do not come out. A bath with high humidity leaves condensate on all surfaces, so after a visit, dry cleaning and long-term ventilation are required.

“In a bath, one thing can be high, or temperature or humidity.” So what temperature should be in the bath? A visit to the bath should be beneficial, cleanse the body and please the soul, but the main thing is not to harm. Benefits for the body in bath attendant competitions where maximum temperatures reach 150 ° C are very doubtful. To argue about who is steaming at what temperature, not taking into account humidity, will be categorically wrong. The same temperature, with different humidity, will cause a completely different effect from visiting the bath. Choosing the optimal temperature regime many factors will influence, from the state of health to the type of bathhouse visited (Russian steam room, sauna, hammam, etc.). For example, talking about the temperature in a Japanese bath (sento or ofuro) is meaningless due to the fact that there the thermal effect is carried out directly by the water in the font or pool. Consider the most popular types of baths in Russia: Russian bath; Finnish bath(sauna); Turkish bath (hammam); infrared bath.

Steam doesn't break bones

The very name of the Russian bath "steam room" implies high humidity. The usual "comfortable" conditions of a classic Russian bath are a temperature not higher than 60-70 ° C with a humidity not higher than 65-70%. There is a variant of the Russian “hot” bath, this is when, when the humidity drops to 25-30%, the temperature is raised to 70-90 ° C. Experienced bathers claim that they feel comfortable even at temperatures above 100 ° C. However, such an effect on the body is closer to "extreme", and not restorative.

Useful advice: in a Russian bath, do not forget that the difference in temperature between the upper and lower shelves can reach up to 40 ° C.

The Finnish sauna is a dry-air bath and can be heated up to 130°C with a humidity of only 10-15%. True, it is worth noting that only seasoned sauna lovers can withstand such an effect. Optimum temperature, at which both beginners and avid lovers will feel equally good in it is 90 ° C.

In the Turkish hamam bath, the humidity is higher than in the Russian bath (it approaches 100%), but the temperature in its different sections rises in steps, from 35 ° C in the main hall (sogoluk) to a maximum of 70 ° C in one of the sections.

Useful advice: when choosing a bath, remember that the most intense sweating in humans, at an air temperature of 40°C to 60°C. At high temperatures, the sweat glands close, at 90 ° C, sweat ceases to stand out at all.

A new word in the bath business

AT recent times an infrared bath (heating the body with the help of infrared waves) is gaining popularity. It reaches its effect at 35-50°C and 40-60% humidity. It is the "softest" in terms of its temperature effect, even ahead of the Turkish hammam. The body is heated to a depth of up to 4 cm, as a result of which the body gets rid of toxins and when the body temperature reaches 37.5 ° C, most of the pathogenic microbes die. At the same time, the temperature environment remains unchanged. A kind of "boiling" of the body from the inside.

Useful advice: before visiting the infrared bath, do not be misled by the words "sparing" and "softest". Be sure to consult your doctor. "Behavior" of various metal or silicone implants in the body under the influence of infrared radiation may cause unwanted reactions.

infrared bath

Conclusion

There are many articles, people and opinions on what should be the temperature in a particular bath. When choosing a temperature regime, you should have only one main adviser - well-being. You can independently test your body, pushing the limits of its endurance with each trip to the bathhouse. But it is not in vain that the proverb still lives among our people that every business is beautiful by measure. Easy steam for you!