Topographic maps in scale 1 1000000. International million map of the world

International map of the world (other names: International Map of the World on the Millionth Scale, IMW, Carte internationale du monde) at a scale of 1:1000000 covering the whole world. The site presents a collection made up of sheets on the territory of present-day Russia and neighboring countries, excluding a little of the western part and the northern part. The map has a second, unofficial name: "Million Map", because of its scale.

The collection includes pages from the 1957, 1964 and 1975 editions. The condition of the area varies from sheet to sheet, depending on the original maps used to compile the Million Map. The earliest source maps date back to the twenties of the XX century, the latest to the sixties.

This "International map of the world 1:1000000" has a very long and difficult fate with an unfortunate end.

History of creation and work on the Million Map of the World

The map project began to emerge at the International Geographical Congresses held in late XIX century. The idea of ​​creating such a global map was first expressed in the 1860s by Sir Henry James, head of the English Topographic Department. And already in 1891, at the fifth congress, the German geographer Albrecht Penk (1858-1945) proposed the project itself to create a world map through the joint efforts of all interested countries. According to the Penka project, the map was to consist of 2,500 sheets on a scale of 1 cm. 10 km.

In 1895, Penk spoke to a specially created commission and announced a list of rules according to which the Million Card would be created. Also, the multifaceted projection of the map was finally agreed, and the layout of the sheets was 6 ° in longitude and 4 ° in latitude.

England, France and Germany were the first to start creating map sheets from 1899, without waiting for the final rules to be worked out. In particular, the French Geographical Service of the Army compiled and published in 1899-1909 57 sheets for Europe, Turkey, Northern Iran, Afghanistan, Turkestan, China and America, though with the initial meridian from Paris. England created sheets for Africa, with zero longitude from Greenwich, but with heights in feet. The Germans got the sheet count from 2 ° northern latitude, not from the equator.

At the international congress of 1904 in the USA, the congress already approved the idea of ​​this map for the 4th time, and called for the host country of the event to participate in the work on the project. The US Geological Survey joined the work on the map, which conducted topographic surveys in eleven states, and compiled a test map sheet at a scale of 1: 760320 and with measurements in feet.

At the ninth congress in 1908, it was decided to collect all the best of the previously created different styles cards, to develop the final rules and conventional signs. From Russia, Yu.M. Shokalsky.

In 1913 on international conference Albrecht Penk's design was finally standardized. For example, it was decided that the roads would be all painted red, the topographical features of the relief would be marked with brown lines, the cities and railways will be drawn in black.

Names settlements they decided to write on the map in Latin, transliterating the local sound of the names. The legend for the map was written in English and French.

During the years of the first and then the second world war, work on the map was actually frozen. Only the United States continued to actively work on the project, conducting research on the territory of Central and South America. Despite the difficult world situation, by 1930, 405 sheets of maps were already ready. But during the bombings in the second world war the office in England, the so-called "Central Bureau of the Map of the World" (Central Bureau of the Map of the World in London), where the data flowed and where the archives were stored.

After the war, in 1953, the United Nations undertook to complete the work on the map. Work on the map was controlled by the UN until 1980. By this time, interest in this "long-term construction map" had disappeared, and in 1987 the project was finally stopped.

Unfortunately this great international project, in which all countries were supposed to participate to one degree or another, was never completed. Of the 2,500 planned sheets, only about 850 were created.

Our alternative "Karta Mira 1:2500000"

Countries such as the USSR, Hungary, the GDR, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Poland and Romania immediately after the end of the Second World War realized the failure this project and jointly created their own Map of the World on a scale of 1:2500000 (1 cm. 25 km.).

The creation of the planned 262 map sheets was divided among the geodetic services of the participating countries. The first sets of sheets saw the light in 1964, and finally the first edition saw the light in 1975 already in full. The project has been completed. The second edition was published in 1989.

Our World Map has become a household name for the Western world, like Matryoshka, Sputnik and Balalayka. Start typing in google: Karta Mira, and it will not offer you to translate this Latin name into a World Map, but will add "Karta Mira 1:2500000 scale". At the same time, this map is practically unknown in our country, and in other countries that created it. At the time of this writing, the Wikipedia article can only be found in English and German.

Symbols for the Million card

Interactive world map - this satellite map, which allows you to interactively move around the planet, zooming in or out on any country, city or town.

Can you bring interactive map , scaling it to street and house numbers. To change the scale, use the "+" (zoom in) and "-" (zoom out) icons located in the lower right corner of the map. You can zoom in or out on the interactive map using the mouse wheel. Left mouse button zooms in on the map, right mouse button zooms out. The mouse can move the interactive map in all directions by grabbing the left mouse button to any place on the map.

Interactive world map online is a very convenient and modern guide for exploring the city, its districts and attractions, hotels, places of recreation and entertainment. Online map of the world can become an indispensable assistant for you in independent travel. Interactive map provided by Google Maps.

Interactive maps are constantly updated by developers and every year they become more clear, with more high resolution. The interactive world map allows you to travel around the world online without leaving your computer. On the interactive world map, you can zoom in and out using the slider. You can also move the interactive map in different directions until you find the point or city you need.

Announces that its mapping product DB "Digital map of the Russian Federation, scale 1:1000000" became available to all categories of consumers. There are two types of licenses: for intracorporate use and for publishing on the Internet. In both cases, the customer also receives a full package of permits for the chosen method of using cartographic information.

The database "Digital map of the Russian Federation at a scale of 1:1000000" is a single (non-sheet) digital topographic map covering the entire territory of the Russian Federation. This database is completely ready for use in ArcGIS, which has become the de facto standard for the creation of complex GIS in government agencies and the commercial sector. ArcGIS software allows the customer to overlay any additional information on the map, the nature of which is determined by its main activity. For example: data on the location and performance of territorial offices and production sites, a map of soils or forest cover, pollution information environment or mineral reserves, the location of vehicles that changes over time, etc. At the same time, the sources of “overlay” information can be databases of different formats, various business applications, as well as web services operating within an enterprise or on the Internet.

This development "DATA +" is already used in many of the largest government agencies and commercial organizations in the country. In particular, Rosreestr uses it on your portal as a “substrate” for applying cadastral and other information on it. At the same time, this DATA+ product is needed by a much wider range of customers. This is due to the rapid growth of interest in GIS in the public sector and various industries. Russian economy in 2009-2010 At the same time, tasks come to the fore, where GIS becomes one of the main infrastructure elements information system organization scale, industry cluster, region, federal district, the whole country.

This DATA+ product is intended primarily for organizations whose activities cover the entire territory of the Russian Federation or a significant part of it. Among them: the structures of the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, cargo carriers and telecommunications operators, railway and road transport, post office, commercial fast delivery services and many others. Another target group is enterprises with large production facilities: factories, pipelines, deposits, road network etc. Within the framework of a single GIS, these consumers can jointly use both this database (as an overview map) and maps of larger scales - for a detailed display of their production facilities and their environment.

The database "Digital map of the Russian Federation at a scale of 1:1000000" was prepared on the basis of sheet topographic maps of the same scale obtained from the State Cartographic Fund of the Russian Federation. The transfer of these maps from the GIS "Panorama" exchange format to the ArcGIS format required, in particular, the "stitching" of sheets, the separation of layers, and a number of other transformations. In addition, DATA + specialists carried out a set of works necessary to prepare maps for publication on the Internet, including generalization, generalization, cache building, and more. All this made this development "DATA +" the most accurate and convenient all-Russian computer map of this scale available on the Russian market.

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