Thematic lesson nature conservation science and technology. Class hour: "Save nature - save life"

The presentation is devoted to the relationship of a person with the world around him. How can a person give his Negative influence on such a fragile and defenseless world around him. All this is demonstrated in photographs and in poetry. The material is designed for an environmental class hour.

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It is impossible to allow people to direct to their destruction those forces of nature that they have managed to discover and conquer. F. Joliot-Curie

How beautiful this world is

What is ecology? The science that studies the relationship of animal and plant organisms with each other and with the environment, as well as the impact of human activity on the environment. in Greek: "ekos" - 2nd house "; "logos" - teaching, science.

"Laws of ecology" Everything is connected with everything Everything has to go somewhere Nothing is given for free Nature knows best They were formulated by the American scientist Barry Commoner.

R. Rozhdestvensky Airfields, piers and platforms, Forests without birds and lands without water... Less and less - surrounding nature. More and more the environment.

Pollution is a process of negative modification of the environment - air, water, soil - by its intoxication with substances that threaten the life of living organisms.

I pray that the Planet is alive, that frosts - in winter, that in spring - bloom, that the nightingale trills in the forest, and with the arrival of geese, April comes to us. To run barefoot on the grass in summer, And to fly somersaults on a sled in winter, To meet sunrises and see off sunsets, And count the stars in the night sky with a friend. People of the world, wake up, look around! The planet suddenly turned black from green. The sky is in a terrible smoke, the earth is blazing, Floods and downpours wash away the fields Everything! Tired of nature in this gloomy age To fight your excesses, man. What are we doing, people, what are we doing? What can we leave to our descendants? A poem by a 6th grade student Lupu Daniil

The changes observed in nature, caused by active human intervention, testify to the unsatisfactory state of industrial and technological practice, the education system, and the decline in the moral and spiritual level of man. In this regard, there is a need to revise the entire system of knowledge about the world, man and society. In other words, there was an objective need to strengthen the fundamental base of education, built on the basis of the organic unity of its natural science components. Man must see and realize his dependence on nature, of which he is an integral part. According to Bertrand Russell, nature is only subject to submission to her. Only in this case the knowledge of man and the power of nature combine and turn into a creative force. There are two groups of reasons that indicate the need to increase the role of the fundamental basis of education. The first group is associated with the global problems of civilization, the current stage of development of which is characterized by signs of economic, environmental, energy crises, as well as a sharp aggravation of national and social conflicts in many countries of the world. The second group is due to the fact that global community in recent decades puts the priority of the individual at the center of the education system. The formation of a highly educated personality requires the solution of a complex of interrelated tasks. First, it is necessary to create conditions for the harmonious relations of man with nature through the study of the fundamental laws that govern it. At the same time, it is extremely important not so much to know the phenomena of nature in order to master them through reflection, but to preserve nature in its natural state for future generations. Secondly, a person lives in society and for his harmonious existence it is necessary to immerse himself in the cultural environment through the development of history, law, philosophy, economics and other sciences. The concept of fundamental education was first clearly formulated in early XIX in. philologist and philosopher Wilhelm Humboldt (1767–1835). According to this concept, the subject of study should be the fundamental knowledge that is born at the forefront of the development of science, and fundamental education should be combined with scientific research.

Such a progressive education system is introduced in top universities peace. The problem of strengthening the fundamental base of education is relevant not only for Russia, but also for other countries. Thus, in one of the reports of the US commission, it was noted that America, like when the first Soviet satellite was launched, is in danger of losing its level of education and may be among the countries that are not able to perceive the latest achievements in science, technology, technology, and the humanitarian sphere due to for a very low level mathematical and natural science education. AT official document The US National Commission on Educational Quality states: "The nation is in danger because educational foundations states are undermined by an ever-increasing wave of mediocrity that threatens the future of the nation and the country as a whole, and if an unfriendly power were to attempt to impose on America such a mediocre educational system that exists today, we would regard it as an act of war. Another important document, the UNESCO report, emphasizes that for the development of the world “the only significant resources are knowledge, human ingenuity, imagination and good will; it becomes clear that without them any sustainable progress towards peace, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms is impossible; decisive role education plays a role in the development of these qualities. An important role in fundamental education is played by natural science knowledge, which not only expands the horizons of the learner, but also represents a sphere of active actions that determine the level of development of society. One of the paradoxes historical development is that neither the consciousness of an impending planetary catastrophe, nor the comprehension of the idea of ​​sustainable development, nor the revision of the conceptual foundations of education have so far had almost no effect on real behavior states and human societies. The world keeps moving on dangerous path bringing us all closer to the last edge - to the line beyond which there is no choice, no future, no man, and perhaps no life at all. Ten years after the adoption of the concept of sustainable development, in 2002, the UN World Conference on Sustainable Development, called the "Earth Summit", took place in Rio de Janeiro. It was attended by delegates from 189 countries and heads of over 100 states of the world. At this conference, it was noted that over the past ten years, much less has been achieved than expected. The consumer lifestyle continues to deplete the earth's natural life-sustaining sources. The developed countries failed to fulfill their promises to intensify actions to protect the environment even in their territories, not to mention assistance developing countries. Representatives of many countries stated that it is the inhabitants of Europe and especially the United States, the so-called "golden billion", that consume about 80% of the world's energy resources, and therefore they must pay for it and help 2.5 billion people who cannot even meet the needs of clean water and electricity. It is clear that the root of evil lies not only in the thinking and behavior of individual people, but also in general political and economic relations. At the same time, a huge role is still played by cultural and spiritual and moral factors aimed at eradicating the ruthlessly consumer relations of man and all mankind to nature. And the only force capable of transforming culture organically, as it were from within, is again education on the fertile soil of upbringing. In this regard, it is necessary to radically restructure the teaching of fundamental sciences. One of the main tasks in is to radically increase their ideological significance. In the concepts and concepts of fundamental disciplines, it is necessary to see not only a scattering of knowledge, but also a holistic picture of the natural world, including its planetary change. And this means that fundamental knowledge should not be acquired in separate clusters, but in a single system - comprehensively. And to be mastered not only in its direct meaning, but also as vital spiritual and moral values ​​and moral norms. The normative role of the fundamental sciences in the formation of the spiritual and moral beginning of human activity has not yet been fully comprehended by the scientists themselves, and it has not yet been assimilated and is far from being understood by politicians and bigwigs of the business world. But this is still not enough. It is in the whole system modern education and spiritual and moral education, the sprouts of a new world outlook can and must sprout. Scientists, teachers, all representatives of the fundamental sciences are called to see the cardinal nature of the problem of the survival of man and mankind and to realize their responsibility for its solution. Today, it is essential that, as during the early years of the Pugwash movement, prominent representatives of the scientific elite and the academic community as a whole take the same decisive position in the fight against the impending catastrophe. And so that our contemporaries act as persistently as physicists, who managed to convince the public and political circles of the need to stop the nuclear-missile arms race and achieve the renunciation of the use of nuclear weapons, were active in their time. However, the efforts of scientists and teachers will be in vain if each person does not realize his share of responsibility for the decision global problem preservation of life on our planet. "The future of the community as part of unified system of the biosphere depends on when it understands its connection with Nature (God, Spirit, Higher Mind, World Information) and takes responsibility not only for the development of society (which all utopians aspired to), but also for the biosphere as a whole,” – said Academician V.I. Vernadsky (1863–1945).

It is extremely important that a new worldview based on the synthesis of the achievements of fundamental sciences and spiritual and moral values ​​permeate the entire system of training and education of the younger generation - from schools to universities. The first step in this direction has already been taken - students of higher educational institutions learning concepts modern natural science and ecology, and the study of Orthodox culture and secular ethics is gradually introduced in schools. Considering practical significance scientific knowledge, it is advisable to take the next step - to include in the educational process high school disciplines that would integrate knowledge in different natural sciences on the basis of a holistic conceptual approach to the study of the properties of objects of nature and fundamental laws. One of these disciplines can be, for example, modern natural science, which in its didactic content corresponds to the concepts of modern natural science for study by university students, and another equally important discipline is ecology. The introduction of these disciplines for high school students does not at all mean an exclusion from educational process physics, chemistry and biology. This means that within the allotted training hours, a variable approach is possible. For example, for schools with humanitarian and socio-economic directions, it is advisable to provide a larger amount of teaching hours for studying modern natural science, and for physics and mathematics schools, choose physics as a major along with mathematics, etc. Without a doubt, any person who has not only general conceptual knowledge of the natural sciences, but also has mastered the moral rules, will certainly act in such a way that the benefit as a result of his action is always combined with a careful attitude to nature and its preservation both for the present and for future generations. Only in this case, the creative activity of each person will make a tangible contribution to the sustainable balance of natural processes and dynamic progressive development the biosphere, which will move into a more ordered state - the noosphere, the sphere of the mind.
Bibliographic references
Karpenkov S.Kh. Concepts of modern natural science. Textbook for universities, 12th ed. Moscow: Direct-Media, 2014.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Concepts of modern natural science. Practicum, 6th ed. M.: Direct-Media, 2016.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Ecology. Textbook for high schools. M.: Direct-Media, 2015.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Ecology. Workshop. Moscow: Direct-Media, 2014.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Ecology. Textbook for bachelors. M.: Logos, 2014.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Technical means information technologies. 3rd ed. M.: Direct-Media, 2015.
Karpenkov S.Kh. Concepts of modern natural science. Directory. M.: graduate School, 2004.

Goals: fostering a sense of love for nature, respect for all living things; to help students realize their moral responsibility for the fate of their native land; formation ecological culture.

Epigraph: You can't let people

sent to their destruction

the forces of nature that they

managed to open and conquer.

F. Joliot-Curie

1. The value of nature for man.

2. Is there currently a threat to nature and human life?

3. What is ecological situation in our city?

4. What is the impact environment affects people's health?

5. What can each of us do to save nature?

The briefing is attended by:

- ecologist,

- representative of the Committee for the Protection of Nature,

- medical worker

- economist.

The role of specialists is played by students of grades 9-11, who prepared their reports in advance according to the literature recommended by the teacher.

On the issue of "The ecological situation in our city" during the speech, a video recording is shown.

Class hour progress

I. opening speech teachers about the importance of nature for man.

The music of I. Strauss "Tales of the Vienna Woods" sounds.

Leading(teacher). The sages and dreamers of the past tried more than once to list the "wonders of the world" - miracles created by nature and created by human hands. They talked about seven miracles, searched for and found the eighth, but it seems that no one ever mentioned the miracle of miracles - the only one known to us in the Universe. This miracle is our planet itself, together with the atmosphere - the receptacle and custodian of life. And while it continues to be the only one, incomparable, the greatest, mysterious and amazing. The only one, because the rest of our planet solar system, with a high degree of probability, are lifeless, and we have not yet discovered habitable planets around other stars. The greatest, because it concentrates in itself all the mysteries that have long excited humanity - the mysteries of the birth and history of the planet itself, the mysteries of the origin of life, mind, the future destinies of civilization.

This miracle is Nature. Man is a part of it. Nature provides man with nourishment. Wind and sun, forest and water give us a common joy, shape the character, make it softer, more poetic. People are inextricably linked with nature by thousands of threads. Human life depends on the state of nature. "Save nature - save life" briefing topic.

Our briefing is attended by: ecologist (full name), representative of the Committee for Nature Protection (full name), medical worker (full name), economist (full name) .

airfields,

and aprons,

forests without birds

and land without water...

Less and less - the surrounding nature.

More and more the environment.

There are only four lines of R. Rozhdestvensky's poem, but they contain the very essence of the most serious changes taking place in the nature of the Earth. We, the people of the beginning of the 21st century, almost imperceptibly turned out to be both witnesses and perpetrators of these changes. What can they mean for today's and future generations? Let's give the floor to the leading experts.

II. Speeches of experts.

The host names the issues that need to be considered at the briefing and invites experts to speak.

– Is there a threat to nature and human life at present?

An ecologist comes forward with information on this issue.

Ecologist. Far-sighted, caring people at all times worried about environmental problems. So, Yaroslav the Wise by law limited the production of swans, beavers and other valuable animals.

The Decree of Peter I of 1718 ordered “the disobedient, who cut down the oak forest and will continue to cut it down, as well as those who order to cut, cutting out their nostrils and ears, punishment with batogs, send to hard labor.” By the same decree, Peter I demanded to build treatment facilities Petersburg and obliged all citizens to ensure cleanliness around their homes, on their streets.

According to the Decree of 1719 on the protection of reservoirs: "... if anyone defiles the Neva with garbage or other sewage, he will be sentenced to beating with a whip or to exile in Siberia ...".

For millennia, man's intrusion into nature has expanded. But especially great changes in the environment occurred in the era of the scientific and technological revolution. And they are not always positive.

Scientific and technological progress has brought and continues to bring many conveniences and comfort to people. He facilitated the work, allowed to go into space. It is impossible to stop or even slow it down, just as it is impossible to make a person stop thinking, daring, creating… Unfortunately, not everyone understands the importance of environmental protection. Nature began to send alarm signals, to change. The culprits of these changes are people and the factories they created, power plants, mines, transport, as well as cities ...

A few decades ago, Academician V. I. Vernadsky, the founder of the science of biogeochemistry, warned against a predatory attitude towards nature and its riches: there can be only one result - its complete destruction.

The expression “necessary as air” did not arise by chance. Man can live weeks without food, days without water, and minutes without air.

Over the past 25–30 years, transport and industry have taken more oxygen from the atmosphere than mankind has consumed for the entire anthropogen, that is, for 2–3 million years. Sulfur, nitrogen, zinc, potassium, and toxic substances are emitted into the atmosphere. Only carbon dioxide 5 billion tons are emitted annually in the world, which can lead to warming, partial melting polar ice and rising sea levels. Possible negative consequences for mankind in this case it is difficult even to imagine.

More than 50 cities in Russia have a level of environmental pollution that exceeds sanitary standards.

The problem of sources of pure fresh water.

Forests - the "lungs of the planet", trouble-free filters of the atmosphere - are cut down faster than they grow. Each cubic meter of wood is almost half a ton of carbon dioxide absorbed from the air.

Biologists have already proven that the genetic information transmitted to subsequent generations by a living cell can be distorted and violated under the influence of the so-called "mutants". These include radiation, active chemical substances, pesticides, pesticides, some metals.

Everything has been dumped into the seas and oceans for centuries and without any restrictions, including radioactive waste. Numerous accidents of oil tankers lead to the death of fish, crabs, sea ​​birds.

Leading. The facts cited by the ecologist are alarming. They may seem distant to you.

– What is the ecological situation in our city?

The floor is given to the representative of the Nature Protection Committee.

R epresentative of the Committee for Nature Protection…

The performance is accompanied by a demonstration of video clips describing the ecological situation in the city, and ends with a poem:

And only gasps Nature ...

Spring! The streams do not stop:

Streams in a rage - here and there.

And flow into our lake

And fertilizers, and fuel oil.

The whole shore became like a landfill -

What, what is not here:

Leftovers, old washcloths,

Scraps of books and newspapers...

Those dumps are growing year by year

Along the banks of lakes and rivers,

And Nature breaks down:

Why all this, man?

I'm going through the taiga valley...

And again - bitter words:

The tops of the pines have dried up,

Leaves fell from the birches

On herbs - black sores -

Trouble wherever you look...

And the huntsman explained to me gloomily:

- And what? acid rain…

... The forest was crying, as if in bad weather,

The creaking complaint of cripples,

And I heard the groan of Nature:

"What have you done, Man?!"

Once in a tourist voyage

I wanted to take a dip.

But walked by the beach

And, believe me, I did not dare to undress.

Pulled from the water with poison -

The smells came in waves.

Not the sea - a gutter

Splashed silently before me.

Factories smoked in the distance,

Our space age was noisy.

But the crown of Nature was sad -

Her creation is Man.

Our mind has become a yoke to Nature!

Wouldn't it suddenly happen

What do we ourselves care about the Red Book

Is there just one step left?

From thermonuclear reactions

And from chemical innovations

More than once the thread of offspring was torn.

A wave of monstrous mutations

Threaten to flood the planet.

Anything is possible, anything is possible...

The question is blunt: to be or not to be?

No one for us that question

And will not think to solve.

And yet, hour by hour

We continue to do evil.

And now there are no forest reserves,

You can't drink in the river.

Rockets hit the sky

Disturbing our peaceful lodging for the night,

And only gasps Nature:

“Are you my son, Man?

V. Glebov

Leading. Ecological situation in our city is also not happy and makes everyone think.

– What impact does the environment have on human health?

The information is provided by a health worker.

medical worker . Air pollution is responsible for 43-45% of the deterioration in public health. Health is also affected by the quality drinking water. In the Amur, Kurgan, Kemerovo, Novgorod regions and the Mordovian Republic, a direct effect of chemical pollution on the occurrence of diseases of the central nervous system, hepatitis, toxicosis during pregnancy, an increase in stillborn children and congenital anomalies.

Bacterial and viral pollution of Russian rivers creates a constant danger of epidemiological outbreaks of intestinal infections. In many regions of our country, there is an excess of the permissible level of pesticides in the soil, which leads to the incidence of anemia and tuberculosis in children.

In the territories subject to radioactive contamination as a result of accidents in Chelyabinsk and Chernobyl, the number of leukemia patients suffering from endocrine diseases has increased. Scientists have registered an increase in overall mortality by 17–24%.

Many plants and animal organisms become accumulators of metals and persistent chemical compounds their use is hazardous to health.

Leading. Changing the environment most directly affects human health, biology, all living things. The reckless activity of man in relation to nature has put 1000 species of vertebrates on the brink of extinction. The Red Book includes: 115 species of animals, 25% of birds and 44% of animals that are on the verge of extinction. 118 species of mammals and 127 species of birds have already disappeared from the face of the Earth. 35 million people live in the ecological disaster zone in Russia. Huge damage to nature is caused by accidents, natural disasters (drought, floods, earthquakes ...).

– What can each of us do to save nature?

The word is given to the economist.

Economist. First of all, it is necessary to create safe technologies, treatment facilities, we also need hospitals with modern equipment ... This requires huge funds. They are not enough yet. Need to learn careful attitude to natural resources and communities.

For the formation in nature of a layer of soil 5 cm thick, according to scientists, 2000 years are required. For centuries, millennia, this greatest wealth has been created. We must cherish it, protect it from destructive consequences.

What exactly can each student do to preserve nature? (He draws everyone's attention to the poster.)

P a c a t

"Be active advocates natural environment!»

Follow the rules of conduct in the forest, on the banks of water bodies ...

Observe the rules for collecting forest gifts (mushrooms, medicinal plants ...).

Take care of our smaller brothers (ants, birds, hedgehogs...).

Decorate cities and villages in green attire.

III. Final part (generalization).

Leading. So, the protection of nature concerns all of us. We all breathe the same air of the Earth, drink water and eat bread, the molecules of which continuously participate in the endless cycle of substances. And we ourselves are the thinking particles of Nature. This imposes a huge responsibility for its safety on each of us, on each without exception. Each of us can and must contribute to the struggle for the preservation of Nature, and consequently, life on Earth.

Listen to the poem:

Take care of the Earth!

take care

Skylark at the blue zenith

Butterfly on dodder leaves,

Sunshine on the path...

Take care of young seedlings

At the green festival of nature,

Sky in the stars, ocean and land

And a believing soul in immortality, -

All destinies are the connecting threads.

Take care of the Earth!

Take care…

M. Dudin

The song "Birches" performed by N. Rastorguev sounds (recorded).

Quiz Questions:

1. What is a fish kill? (The death of fish under the ice due to a lack of oxygen in the water, so in winter it is necessary to make holes on the rivers so that there is air access to the water.)
2. Name the animal of the water bodies that is a real living filter
(Snail. Passing water through itself, the snail cleans it. That is why snails are placed in aquariums.)
3. How can you help a tree if there is a wound on the trunk?
(Smear with clay so that pathogenic microbes do not get in.)
4. Why can't you pick flowers?
(They don't have time to give seeds.)
5. Name the animal friends of the forest.
(Ants, woodpeckers.)
6. Name the main insidious enemy of the forest.
(Fire in the forest.)
7. Can a mushroom eat a tree?
(Yes, tinder fungi destroy wood, turning it into dust.)
8. Why is hunting for fur-bearing animals strictly prohibited in spring?
(Moulting of animals occurs - the fur is unsuitable, but the main thing is that in the spring the animals give offspring, which must be fed, educated, taught to survive.)
9. Who are fledglings? Why can't you touch them?
(Chicks that fell out of the nest.)
10. Why can't you touch bird eggs in nests?
(Many birds then abandon their nest.)
11. Why do you need to make bird feeders and feed them in winter?
(In winter, birds are not afraid of cold, but hunger: it is difficult to find food under the snow.)
12. What do tits eat in winter when all insects are sleeping?
(In winter, tits look for hidden insects, their eggs, larvae in the cracks and cracks in the bark of trees and eat them.)
13. What tree is considered a symbol of Russia?
(Birch)

14. What is " silent hunting"? (Collecting mushrooms)
15. What bird is considered a symbol of wisdom and knowledge? (Owl.)
16. Who is called a forest doctor? (Woodpecker.)
17. What wood are matches made of? (Aspens.)
18. Which of the animals is called by patronymic? (Lisu.)
19. What bird can count the years of our life? (Cuckoo.)
20. What animal is national pride Russia? (Sable.)
21. Who is called the orderly of the forest? (Wolf.)

IX. Slideshow.

Teacher:

It is time to think: will the future generations of the Earth survive, will the children of the 21st century be able to swim in the river, the sea, walk in the forest, inhale the scent of flowers?

Every day, about 100 species of plants and animals disappear on Earth, the forest area is reduced by 15 million hectares and billions of tons of soil turn into dust.

Take care of your planet

After all, there is no other in the world!

Thematic lesson September 1, 2017 Dear teachers! We offer you a list of Internet resources for conducting the thematic lesson "Russia, looking to the future." Within the framework of this topic, the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia identifies sub-themes: Development of the innovative Russian economy; Development of Russian territories and spatial development of Russia; Conservation of nature, science and technology; State security and politics. Additional Topic: Personal Life Safety

• 1. Development of the innovative Russian economy

The development of the innovative economy of Russia is influenced by: support for innovative business, implementation of technological and research projects, development of scientific and educational potential and infrastructure, formation of an innovative culture of society.

• Technopark of information technologies in Chelyabinsk. The Children's Technopark helps schoolchildren aged 6-16 to acquire up-to-date knowledge in popular areas and implement their own projects.
• Knowledge Day with Atomic Energy Information Centers
• Global School Lab. Project "September 1 - Knowledge Day"
• A single lesson on the involvement of schoolchildren in entrepreneurial activity"You are an entrepreneur"
• Programs "Obvious-incredible" with S. Kapitsa
• Day of children's inventions. Video lesson

• 2. Development of Russian territories and spatial development of Russia

Russian Ministry economic development prepared a draft Concept for the spatial development strategy in the Russian Federation until 2030. Consolidation of regions and the priority of development of "geostrategically important territories" are supposed - Far East, Russian Arctic zone, NCFD, Kaliningrad region, Crimea and Sevastopol.

• All-Russian lesson "The Arctic is the facade of Russia": methodological recommendations
• Adventure club website All-Russian youth expedition "On skis to the North Pole" (2016)

• 3. Conservation of nature, science and technology.

2017 - Year of Ecology in Russia

• Ecology online: Children's Library Guide to Internet Resources
• All-Russian eco-lesson "Let's do it together." "Freedom from waste" (Ministry of Defense of Russia. Appendix to the lesson (posters)
• All-Russian action for schoolchildren "Red Book" ( Russian movement schoolchildren) until September 22, 2017.
• Energy Saving Week Preparation Materials thematic lessons on energy saving issues are available on the portal www.energourok.ru
• Energy-saving events (quests, games) on the site of the festival Together Brighter

• 4. State security and politics

• Modular program "Course interactive lessons on the prevention of child injuries and the formation of a culture of own safety "Universal Safety Code"
• - First aid: teaching materials for teachers
• Russian Railways video "Be careful when crossing the tracks"
• Russian Railways video