Animals living in the Far East. Animals of the Far East

The Far East occupies the extreme position of the northeast of Eurasia and the east of Russia, washed by the waters of two oceans: the Arctic and the Pacific. Due to the vast territory natural areas The Far East is distinguished by the diversity and uniqueness of landscapes, flora and fauna.

Features of the nature of the Far East

The unique nature of the Far East is due to its location and the direct influence of the surrounding oceans and seas. The maritime climate in the north and the monsoon climate in the south are associated with the coastal location of the Far Eastern Territory, which are the result of the interaction between the land of North Asia and the Pacific Ocean.

As a result of the great length from north to south, the natural zones of the Russian Far East are very diverse. The mountainous terrain is interspersed with endless meadow plains. The region is marked by active seismic activity and volcanism. Here are the following zones:

arctic deserts;
tundra and forest tundra;
taiga;
deciduous forests.

Natural complexes of the Far East

On the territory of the Far East, the largest area is occupied by coniferous forests, and the smallest by arctic deserts.

Arctic deserts

This harsh natural zone includes two islands: Gerald and Wrangel. They are characterized by mountainous terrain, with poor landscapes, in some places covered with patches of mosses and lichens. Even at the height of summer, the air temperature here does not rise above 5-10C. Winters are very severe, with little snow.

What have we learned?

The large extent of the territory of the Far East is the main reason for the wide variety of natural zones: from arctic deserts to broad-leaved forests. Briefly described natural areas allow you to create a picture of the nature of the Far Eastern Territory, in many places preserved in its original form.

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Fauna of the Far East
KGSOU School 1 Homeschool teacher: Yun Marina Anatolyevna
Komsomolsk-on-Amur 2017

Far East of Russia - East End Russia, which includes the areas of river basins flowing into Pacific Ocean, as well as Sakhalin Island, the Kuril Islands, Wrangel Island, the Commander and Shantar Islands.

The abundance of lakes, rivers, various in depth, degree of overgrowing with aquatic vegetation, has a noticeable effect on the fauna of the Far East.
Amur river"
River "Zeya"

River "Ussuri"
Shilka River
Lake Khanka
Lake Baikal

The Far East has amazing beautiful nature. A magical land where the world's largest brown bears, the Ussuri tigers, roam

The fauna of the Far East is no less amazing than the flora. On the Commander Islands, bird colonies are noisy, they arrange rookeries harbor seals, sea otters sway off the coast.

And among the wild nature near the Ussuri River, in one place you can meet northern inhabitants - elk and sable,

And southern - spotted deer and leopard.

white-naped crane
The natural range of the white-naped crane is located in Asia - nesting sites are common in historical area Dauria (hence the name) and includes Northeast China, Northeast Mongolia and the adjacent territories of southeastern Russia. AT Russian Federation it can be found in the Trans-Baikal Territory in the basin of the Aguts and Onon rivers; in the Jewish Autonomous Region, on the shores of Lake Khanka, in Khingan Reserve and its Arkharinsky branch, along the Amur and Ussuri rivers.

Endangered species of animals of the Far East listed in the "Red Book of Russia"
The Far Eastern stork is similar to the white stork in plumage color, but this stork is slightly larger, has a more powerful beak, is black, and the legs are brighter red. The stork has an unfeathered area of red skin around its eyes. Far Eastern stork chicks are white with a reddish-orange bill, while white stork chicks have a black bill.

Fish owl
This is an inhabitant of the forests of Manchuria, Amur and Primorye, Japan. The size of the fish owl is large: the total length is about 70 cm, the wing length is 51-56 cm, the weight of the female exceeds 4 kg. Settles in forests, in hollows of trees, near rivers. It feeds mainly on fish. It usually snatches its prey out of the water with its claws, diving at it, but sometimes it stands in shallow water or wanders along the riffles. Fish owls are active not only at dusk, but also during the day.

Baer Dive
Baer's dive, or Baer's dive, is a rare bird species from the duck family.
The male Baer diver has a black head and neck with a green sheen, while the female has a blackish-red head and neck.
Baer's dive has a narrow range. In Russia, it breeds in the Amur Region, in the Khabarovsk and Primorsky Territories, and only in the Amur basin, it is also found in Mongolia and China. Winters in China Korean peninsula and Japan.

musk deer
musk deer, or Siberian musk deeŕ - a small artiodactyl deer-like animal, a representative of the musk deer family.
The musk deer is distributed from the Eastern Himalayas and Tibet to Eastern Siberia, Korea and Sakhalin, inhabiting the steep slopes of mountains overgrown with coniferous forest. Keeps mainly at an altitude of 600-900 m, less often up to 1600 m above sea level; only in Tibet and the Himalayas rises to a height of 3000 m or more.

Far Eastern tortoise
Chinese trionyx is widely distributed in Asia: Eastern China, Vietnam, Korea, Japan, as well as on the islands of Hainan, Taiwan. Within Russia, it is found in the south of the Far East - the extreme northern border of the range.
Inhabits the basins of the Amur rivers (in the north almost from the mouth, upstream south to the western part of Primorye a little higher than the mouth of the Sungari), Ussuri and their large tributaries, as well as Lake Khanka. Distribution of the species in Russia in this moment confined to two main areas - Amur (Lake Gassi basin in the Khabarovsk Territory) and Khankai (Lake Khanka basin in Primorsky Territory)

Dikusha
One of the rare and little-studied birds of the grouse family. It is on the verge of destruction.
The peculiarity of the wild grouse is that it is not at all afraid of a person, and this has put the species on the brink of complete destruction.
It lives in the Amur region, the mountain-taiga areas of the Sikhote-Alin and on Sakhalin Island.
From mountain slopes and hills with dark coniferous taiga to bald mountains at an altitude of 1600 meters above sea level in spruce and fir forests, spruce forests. In mountainous areas it makes minor vertical seasonal migrations. It rarely flies.

In this book, a schoolboy and a young naturalist will find material for extracurricular reading, as well as additional and reference material for the textbook of zoology.

Individual essays are not linked, so it is not necessary to read the entire book in a row.

The book introduces the reader to the diversity of the animal world of the USSR and foreign countries. Along the way, information is given about the importance of animals in nature, economic activity person.

Part of the material is presented in the form of questions and answers. The section "Stories about insects" was written by the candidate of biological sciences Yu. M. Zalessky.

In the third edition, the text has been changed and supplemented in places; Necessary corrections have been made, several new drawings have been added. The chapter "Zoology in questions and answers" is supplemented with new questions; the order of their distribution has been changed in accordance with the zoological system.

J. Zinger

Book:

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The southern part of the Soviet Far East, Primorye and the Amur Region, in terms of the richness and diversity of nature, is one of the most remarkable places in our Motherland.

Everything here is special and unique: the landscape, the climate, the vegetation, and the animal world.

Mountain ranges, overgrown with forests, are intersected by vast plains. From the bare peaks of the mountains (bald mountains) one can see how far cedar, larch and broad-leaved forests stretch along the hills in all directions, and even further, on the horizon, the blue stripe of the sea sparkles.

A long, warm and humid summer, causing the rapid growth of grasses, shrubs and trees, is replaced by a harsh, dry, sunny and little snowy winter.

The naturalist and nature lover in the Far East is struck primarily by the amazing combination southern plants and animals with taiga, northern.

In Primorye, there are places where the Manchurian walnut gets along next to the cedar and fir, and the vine wild grapes wrapped around a tree. Familiar aspens and lindens are interspersed with cork and Dahurian larch. The latter - the most common tree in the Far East - is exceptionally durable. There are thickets of Manchurian apple, apricot, Ussuri cherry.

Trees and shrubs are intertwined with Amur grapes, sweet, fragrant actinidia, fragrant lemongrass and other climbing plants.

All vegetation of the Far East is adapted to abrupt changes harsh winters and hot summers. This feature was used with great insight by I. V. Michurin in his work on the development of new breeds of fruit and berry crops, in which the high yield, frost resistance and vitality of the wild Ussuri plant are combined with the valuable qualities of delicate cultivated fruit plants southern countries.

Only here, in the Far East, in the region of Sikhote-Alin, a significant fact in zoogeography of the joint habitat of both tiger and taiga animals was noted: sable, reindeer. typical cat northern forests, lynx, lives in the Ussuri region along with bloodthirsty predator tropics - leopard and most close-up view wild cat - far eastern forest cat.

In addition to the brown bear, there is a glossy black bear with a white spot on the chest. the black, or Himalayan bear - an inhabitant of the mountain forests of South Asia.

In the Ussuri Territory, its population is higher than that of the brown one. He is more than a brown bear, adapted to climbing trees, where he willingly feeds on bird cherry, acorns, Manchurian nuts, wild fruits.

Unlike the brown bear, which lies in a den on the ground, the black one arranges its den in the hollows of trees, where several animals sometimes climb. The entrance to the hollow is sometimes placed quite high, 10–20 meters from the ground.

Along with our usual wolf, in remote mountainous areas, they prowl in small packs red wolves, characterized by somewhat smaller body sizes, red fur and fluffy, like a fox, tail. The red wolf is a native inhabitant of the mountains of Central and South Asia. The way of life of this peculiar animal is almost not studied at all.

Graceful, peculiar only to the Far East dappled deer lives here along with the giant of the northern forests - moose.

Dappled deer is of great commercial importance because of the antlers - young, non-ossified horns, from which pantocrine, a valuable medicinal substance, is extracted. It dramatically increases the vital activity of the body and has long been used in Chinese and Tibetan medicine, and in recent times used in Soviet medicine. Even in pre-revolutionary times in the Far East, there were several privately owned farms where sika deer were kept. In the post-October period, large reindeer-breeding state farms were organized there. In addition, over the past 15–20 years, sika deer have been introduced into various places European part of the RSFSR and acclimatized in the Oksky, Ilmensky, Khopersky, Mordovsky, Bashkirsky and Teberdinsky nature reserves, as well as in the Losinoostrovskaya base of the former fur institute near Moscow.

Another typical animal of the Far East - raccoon dog, or the Ussuri "raccoon", since 1934 was brought and settled in many regions of the European part of the Union, as well as in the Caucasus, in Central Asia, in Altai and in southwestern Siberia. In many places, this prolific fur-bearing animal has perfectly acclimatized and multiplied; in some areas, it has already firmly become part of the commercial fauna.

However, it should be noted that not everywhere the raccoon dog was a welcome guest. In a number of places, zoologists and commercial hunters consider this animal guilty of impoverishing the stocks of waterfowl and upland game, since the raccoon dog destroys eggs, chicks, and sometimes birds that hatch on the ground: ducks, black grouse, hazel grouse.

Along with sable and column in the Far Eastern taiga lives a native of South China and India, a large charza marten. But if the weasel, and especially the sable, are the most valuable fur-bearing animals, then the kharza is of no commercial value, since its fur is coarse. In addition, it harms the hunting economy, destroying valuable game animals: sable, musk deer, deer calves and sika deer.

It should be noted that some of the animals mentioned above, although typical of the Far East, are extremely few and far from being found everywhere; even experienced hunters and experienced naturalists will rarely be able to meet a tiger, leopard, red wolf and sika deer in nature.

The most numerous mammals of the Far East are small rodents: voles, mice, hamsters, karako rats; a rodent that leads an underground lifestyle - the Manchurian zokor, etc. All these rodents, along with shrews (a detachment of insectivores), are found in such abundance that they constitute the most important backdrop for the population of mammals in the Far East.

The birds of the Far East are no less peculiar. Blue-green with red beak eastern latitude, lies in wait for insects on the tops of trees. Hunts for flying insects during the day needle-tailed swift, and at night - Indian nightjar- the owner of a huge mouth trimmed with bristles.

Through lakes and swamps, along with those known to every hunter mallard and teal can see black mallard- a typical Chinese-Japanese species, reaching in its distribution in the south to the Philippine Islands, and elegant mandarin duck with its original bright coloration, which is a mixture of bright red, gray-green, blue-violet and white flowers. This bird nests in hollows along forest rivers. It has a characteristic habit of perching on trees, which distinguishes it from other ducks. In the Amur region, the northern border of distribution green amur heron. On the lake Khanka and in the Ussuri river valley the tropical chinese ibis.

Wonderful in its own way beautiful coloring blue magpie interesting because everything the globe occurs only in two widely separated localities, namely in East Asia and the Iberian Peninsula. Zoologists explain such a “discontinuity” of its distribution by the fact that these two areas were not subjected to glaciation during the distant ice age, which turned out to be fatal for these birds in the rest of the territory.

A typical bird of the dark coniferous forests of the Far East - black hazel grouse, or wild grouse, which is one and a half times larger than an ordinary hazel grouse, is of commercial importance. Interestingly, these birds are amazingly trusting, for which they received the name of the “humble” hazel grouse among the population of Primorye. Frightened from the ground, the birds usually fly low into a tree and sit quietly, looking at a person. In this regard, hunters use a very simple and even funny way mining them with a long stick with a hair or rope loop at the end. Such a loop is carefully put on the bird's neck and, tightened, the prey is pulled down. Even more curious is that the rest of the "humble" hazel grouse do not fly away, but continue to remain on the tree, as if waiting for their turn. So you can catch a decent number of birds from one flock.

Recently, the question of the acclimatization of wild grouse in other regions of our country has been raised. The expediency of this event is evidenced not only by the undoubted commercial value of the wild grouse, but also by its great fertility, endurance, adaptability to a harsh and damp climate, as well as unpretentiousness: in winter it feeds mainly on fir needles.

The Khanka Plain is absolutely exceptional in terms of the abundance of migratory birds. Lake Khanka is one of the best places Soviet Union for hunting waterfowl and marsh game: geese, ducks, swans, waders.

Along the coast of the Sea of Japan and the Tatar Strait, on high steep cliffs, there are bird rookeries - nesting colonies guillemots, guillemots, hatchets, gulls. Characteristic predators of the coast - Kamchatka eagle and white-tailed eagle- hunt for fish in summer, and birds and small animals in winter.

The Far Eastern seas and rivers are extremely rich in fish.

Salmon fish are of the greatest commercial importance: chum salmon, sima, pink salmon, whitefish, and from sturgeons - Kaluga.

Far Eastern waters are characterized by such South Chinese origin fish as aukha, Amur catfish, yellow-cheeked, silver carp and finally tropical fish - snakehead. Adult specimens of the snakehead are up to 7 kilograms of weight. This fish got its name for the shape of the head, similar to a snake. In China, Korea and India, the snakehead has long been artificially bred in ponds.

In recent years, an attempt was made to acclimatize some Amur fish in water bodies of the Moscow region. For white carp, snakehead and some other fish, this attempt was crowned with success. The snakehead has adapted especially well to the new conditions, feeding on small fish and tadpoles. It is recommended to breed grass carp - herbivorous fish, together with carp, which feeds mainly on small invertebrates, and predatory snakehead - in shallow, overgrown ponds, together with trashy fish(roach, ruff, etc.).

At present, the breeding of Amur fish is already widely used in other water bodies of the European part of the RSFSR.

The Far Eastern seas are rich in valuable commercial mammals - whales and seals. In spring and summer, the seas become real pastures for whales, as shoals of fish, octopuses and squid appear here - the main food of sperm whales. Masses breed at this time of the year small crustaceans and other planktonic organisms that feed on toothless whales - fin whales, sei whales, humpback whales, etc. Herds sea giants- whales swim to the Far Eastern seas from the temperate and tropical parts of the ocean, where food supplies are depleted at this time. It was during this period that our Far Eastern flotilla "Aleut" began to conduct whaling in the Sea of Okhotsk, the Sea of Japan and the Bering, extracting hundreds of tons of whale oil, meat and other products valuable for industry, in particular spermaceti and ambergris for perfume production.

The Aleut flotilla consists of a large mother ship (on which the whale carcasses are processed) and several small whaling ships that chase the whales and slaughter them with harpoon guns. Most are mined sperm whales, which make up 60–70% of the Far Eastern whaling industry. In second place is fin whale. Other types - humpback, sei whale, gray whale and others - are less common and therefore constitute an insignificant part of the fishery.

Of the other marine animals, the subject of fishing are different kinds order of pinnipeds. The most valuable of them - cat, which has a beautiful soft undercoat, its skin is used to make high-quality winter clothes. The main fur seal rookeries are located on the Commander Islands and off the eastern coast of Sakhalin, where females give birth and feed their cubs in spring. In autumn, seal herds migrate south to the Japanese Islands.

Far Eastern reptiles are original. Along with our usual snakes - common snake, common viper, eastern cottonmouth- here you can find tropical bright green or blue with orange-red spots tiger snake, just like common snake, not poisonous. Numerous snakes. Especially characteristic amur snake, or Schrenk snake- strong biting, but also not poisonous snake over 2 meters long. The snake hunts on the ground for rodents, and on the trees it pursues birds and destroys their nests. The Amur snake is well tamed, and in Manchuria it is even kept in barns and fanzas, where it destroys rodents - pests of grain reserves, and also protects crops adjacent to buildings from them.

Amur snake.

Only in the Far East is there a peculiar, with a soft leathery shell, far eastern tortoise relating to one of the tropical orders of these animals. She lives in rivers and lakes, where, burrowing into the silt and sticking out her head, she lies in wait for the fish swimming by. Her neck is long and mobile, and her jaws are strong and strong. Unlike other turtles, the Far Eastern turtle can rush at a person and bite painfully. The ability of these turtles to stay under water for up to 15 hours is interesting, which is explained by the presence of numerous villi in the animal's throat, which act as gills. The meat and eggs of this turtle are edible.

The Ussuri region amazes with an abundance of various insects, many of which are characteristic exclusively of the Far East or are of tropical origin; often they have an amazing brightness of color. These include, for example: blue-green machaon maaka- one of the largest diurnal butterflies in our country; brightly colored yellow Ussuri swallowtails; pale green butterflies ocelli, iridescent pourers. Along with them, and night butterflies - sashes, sashes and silkworms- are an adornment of the Far Eastern nature.

A peculiar, unique spectacle is represented by flying beetles - fireflies. At the beginning of summer, on quiet warm nights, the air is filled with many flashing bluish sparks. In autumn, in late August - early September, firefly beetles of a different species, larger ones, fly. The largest beetle of our country lives in Primorye - Ussuri giant lumberjack.

The main scourge for both the population and animals is midges and mosquitoes, whose mass flight begins in June and reaches a maximum in July. These insects, which have received the characteristic name "gnus" among the people, plague both people and animals for two to two and a half months.

Starting from mid-August, the number of midges begins to fall sharply, and with the onset of frost, these insects disappear altogether.

Gnus and ticks- carriers of dangerous diseases of humans and animals - the only dark spot in the beautiful nature of Primorye and the Amur region. A brutal war has been declared against this dark spot, in which Soviet scientists are already winning their first victories. Academician E. N. Pavlovsky and his staff found out the role of ticks in the spread of spring-summer encephalitis and developed effective measures fight him. Entomologist N. A. Rubtsov carried out detailed studies of the reproduction and development of the “midges” and proposed a number of measures both to eliminate the breeding centers of these insects and to protect domestic animals and humans from them.

In conclusion, I would like to say that if in the essay on the nature of the Moscow region we talked about a wonderful and interesting corner of nature near us, then, finishing the essay on the bright, peculiar nature of the Far East, we would like to attract the attention of a novice naturalist, tourist, hunter and just a nature lover to this distant, but very interesting, rich and still little-studied vast region of our Motherland.

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The unique wonder of the world is the Ussuri taiga. More than 400 species of trees will grow here, including exotic ones: Mongolian oak, Korean cedar, Manchurian walnut, Amur velvet. In these parts, a unique collection of endemic plants that are not found anywhere else in the world. Among such a variety of plants live no less rare and unique animals of the Russian Far East.

About animals living in the Far East, and will be discussed in this article.

General information

Animals that are typical inhabitants of the jungle have perfectly adapted to life in the harsh climate of the Far East. Air temperature in winter time here it can reach up to -45 ° C, and the thickness of the snow cover is 2 meters. Among these animals are Amur tiger(“master of the Ussuri taiga”), leopard, white-breasted bear, spotted deer, goral and kharza.

Some animals of the Far East of our territory, representing the object of hunting, were settled and acclimatized across the vast expanses of Russia and the world. These include, first of all, the sika deer and the raccoon dog. But some species of animals were also brought here, for example, the muskrat and the hare.

Briefly about nature

Before we present information about what animals live in the Far East, let's consider some features of the nature of the region. The Far East has a unique ecosystem that combines the tundra zone and the forest. The territories of the region are located in different natural zones:

tundra;
deserts arctic;
coniferous forests (light coniferous, dark coniferous, coniferous-birch);
forest-steppe;
coniferous-deciduous forests.

In such natural areas and climatic conditions developed different, so the world of fauna and flora is different.

About animals of the Far East

In the most remote region of Russia with a harsh climate, a total of 80 terrestrial mammal species live, of which only 24 species are hunting objects. Highly rare species, listed in the Red Book of Russia and the IUCN, are more than half of the animal species. AT coastal waters There are 21 species of marine mammals in the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan.

The largest animals of the Far East are tigers (Amur and Ussuri), bears (Himalayan and brown). More detailed information about them below in the article.

The animals of this region are unique and interesting.

Ussurian tiger

This is the largest cat in the world - mighty and strong beast. An adult male reaches a weight of up to 300 kg, however, such a mass does not at all prevent him from moving easily and silently through the reeds, without attracting attention to himself, and being an excellent hunter. A wild cat hunts for wild boars, elks, deer and hares. There are cases of attacks on a bear.

The female gives birth, as a rule, to 2-3 cubs, remaining up to three years next to her, gradually learning the basics of hunting art.

Amur leopard

Speaking about the animals of the Far East, it is impossible not to mention Amur leopard, which is recognized as the rarest cat in wild nature. This species, currently on the verge of extinction, is extraordinarily beautiful. In total, there are only about 30 individuals of the Amur leopard now at large, and there are about a hundred of them in zoos.

In Korea, these amazingly beautiful leopards are completely exterminated, in China they are found in single specimens, perhaps these are individuals coming to them from the territory of Russia. The threat to such animals is forest fires, poachers and lack of food.

Himalayan bear

Among the animals of the Far East there is also a predator - the Himalayan bear. It is much smaller in size than its brown cousin. The Himalayan bear is extraordinarily beautiful - its black hair shimmers in the sun, and there is a white spot on its chest. He loves to feast on nuts, acorns and roots. In winter, it hibernates inside a large hollow of pine, cedar or oak. Sleep continues for five months. The female usually gives birth to cubs in February, and the cubs stay with her until the next autumn.

What other animals live?

The Far East is very rich in wildlife. Typical Siberian taiga species:

squirrel;
sable;
chipmunk;
hazel grouse and others.

Animals of Chinese and Indo-Malay origin (other than those listed above):

Red Wolf;
forest cat;
moger moger;
Manchurian hare.

Unfortunately, the barbaric attitude towards unique nature The Far East endangered the complete survival of some of its inhabitants. Today, serious work is underway to improve this situation.

The formation of a good soil layer is hindered by permafrost. The soil cover even in the forest belt is about 40-50 cm. The slopes of high mountains, as a rule, do not have any vegetation, they are often covered with stones. Soddy-meadow soils are observed only in the valleys big rivers. But they are not particularly fertile.

In the northeast of the Far East, two natural zones can be found: and the tundra. They are quite unusually combined with each other. At the bottom of the mountains, birch-larch and larch forests most often grow. Slightly higher there is a section of cedar elfin. Mountain lichen tundra grows even higher.

The highest border of the forest on the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk passes at an altitude of 400-600 m. Higher forest thickets can be found in the upper reaches of the Kolyma. The vegetation here rises to a level of up to 1200 m.

On the Kuril Islands and southern Sakhalin, there are certain undergrowths, which consist mainly of birch and spruce forests in combination with. On the Kuril Islands, you can find, which are more typical for meadows, stone birch, as well as larch and elfin cedar. In Primorye, coniferous-deciduous and coniferous forests grow more.

Animals of the Far East

Animals that live in or in the tundra freely change their location. Often found in the tundra reindeer, polar bears, arctic foxes. In the taiga, bears, wolverines, lynxes and squirrels are more common.

In the warm season, migratory birds often fly into the tundra: partridges, geese, ducks and swans. In the taiga one can meet thrushes, nuthatches, nutcrackers, woodpeckers, wood grouses and hazel grouses. It is worth noting that in highlands there are a lot of animals. First of all, these are musk deer and snow leopards living in the mountain tundra and areas that are devoid of woody vegetation.

Diverse in the Far East is the river and marine fauna. In the rivers in some periods there are sockeye salmon, coho salmon and pink salmon. Grayling occurs in small streams and rivers. Seals, walruses, seals and canals live on the coasts and in the seas. Often in the northern part of the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk you can meet "herring sharks". They enter these waters following their prey - fish shoals.

It should be noted that there are severe restrictions on hunting and fishing. On the territory of Wrangel Island there is a protected area. Arctic fox and polar bears live here. Often, "bird markets" are formed here. From marine life bearded seals and seals are found on Wrangel Island. These representatives of the animal world are very strictly protected.