Europe map with cities and countries. Overseas Europe map

If you do not take into account dependent regions and not fully recognized states, then Europe for 2017 covers 44 powers. Each of them has a capital in which not only its administration is located, but also the highest authority, that is, the government of the state.

States of Europe

The territory of Europe stretches from east to west for more than 3 thousand kilometers, and from south to north (from the island of Crete to the island of Svalbard) for 5 thousand kilometers. The European powers are, for the most part, comparatively small. With such small sizes of territories and good transport accessibility, these states either closely border on each other or are separated by very small distances.

The European continent is divided territorially into parts:

western;
eastern;
northern;
southern.

All powers located on the European continent belong to one of these territories.

There are 11 countries in the western region.
In the east - 10 (including Russia).
In the north - 8.
In the south - 15.

Let's list all the countries of Europe and their capitals. We will divide the list of countries and capitals of Europe into four parts according to the territorial and geographical position of the powers on the world map.

Western

List of states belonging to Western Europe, with a list of main cities:

The states of Western Europe are washed mainly by currents Atlantic Ocean and only in the north of the Scandinavian Peninsula do they border on the waters of the Arctic Ocean. In general, these are highly developed and prosperous powers. But they are distinguished by an unfavorable demographic situation. This is a low birth rate and low level natural increase in population. In Germany, there is even a decline in population. All this led to the fact that developed Western Europe began to play the role of a subregion in the global system of population migration, it turned into the main center of labor immigration.

Eastern

List of states located in the eastern zone of the European continent and their capitals:

The states of Eastern Europe have a lower level economic development than its western neighbors. However, they better preserved cultural and ethnic identity. Eastern Europe is more of a cultural and historical region than a geographical one. The Russian expanses can also be attributed to the eastern territory of Europe. BUT geographic center Eastern Europe is located roughly within Ukraine.

Northern

The list of states that make up northern Europe, including capitals, looks like this:

The territories of the states of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jutland, the Baltic States, the islands of Svalbard and Iceland are included in the northern part of Europe. The population of these regions is only 4% of the entire European composition. most big country the eight is Sweden, and the smallest is Iceland. The population density in these lands is less in Europe - 22 people / m 2, and in Iceland - only 3 people / m 2. This is due to harsh conditions. climate zone. But the economic indicators of development distinguish northern Europe as the leader of the entire world economy.

South

And finally, the most numerous list of territories located in the southern part, and the capitals of European states:

The Balkan and Iberian Peninsulas are occupied by these South European powers. Industry is developed here, especially black and non-ferrous metallurgy. countries are rich mineral resources. AT agriculture major efforts focused on the cultivation of food products, such as:

grape;
olives;
pomegranate;
dates.

It is known that Spain is the world's leading country in the collection of olives. This is where 45% of everything is produced. olive oil in the world. Spain is also famous for its famous artists - Salvador Dali, Pablo Picasso, Joan Miro.

European Union

Creation idea united community European powers appeared in the middle of the twentieth century, or rather after the Second World War. The official unification of the countries of the European Union (EU) took place only in 1992, when this union was sealed by the legal consent of the parties. Over time, the number of members of the European Union has expanded, and now it includes 28 allies. And states that want to join these prosperous countries will have to prove their compliance with the European foundations and principles of the EU, such as:

protection of the rights of citizens;
democracy;
freedom of trade in a developed economy.

Members of the EU

The European Union for 2017 includes the following states:

There are now applicant countries to join this foreign community. These include:

Albania.
Serbia.
Macedonia.
Montenegro.
Turkey.

On the map of the European Union, you can clearly see its geography, the countries of Europe and their capitals.

Regulations and prerogatives of EU partners

The EU has a customs policy under which its members can trade with each other without duties and without restrictions. And in relation to other powers, the adopted customs tariff applies. Having common laws, the EU countries created a single market and introduced a single monetary currency - the euro. Many EU member states are part of the so-called Schengen zone, which allows their citizens to move freely through the territory of all allies.

The European Union has common governing bodies for member countries, which include:

European Court.
European Parliament.
European Commission.
The audit community that controls the EU budget.

Despite unity, the European states that have joined the community have full independence and state sovereignty. Each country uses its own national language and has its own governing bodies. But for all participants there are certain criteria, and they must meet them. For example, the coordination of all important political decisions with the European Parliament.

It should be noted that since its founding, only one power has left the European community. It was Danish autonomy - Greenland. In 1985, she was outraged by the low quotas introduced by the European Union for fishing. You can also recall the sensational events in 2016 referendum in the UK, when the population voted to leave the country from the European Union. This suggests that even in such an influential and seemingly stable community, serious problems are brewing.

In the East and Southeast (on the border with Asia) border of Europe is considered a ridge Ural mountains. The extreme points of this part of the world are considered: in the North - Cape Nordkin 71° 08' northern latitude. In the south, the extreme point is considered Cape Maroki which is located at 36° north latitude. In the west, the extreme point is considered to be Cape Destiny, located 9 ° 34 'east longitude, and in the east - eastern part the foothills of the Urals up to about Baidaratskaya Bay, located at 67° 20' East longitude.
The western and northern shores of Europe are washed by the North, Baltic Sea and the Bay of Biscay, and the Mediterranean, Marmara and Azov - deeply cut into from South. The seas of the Arctic Ocean - Norwegian, Barents, Kara, White - wash Europe in the far north. In the southeast, there is the endorheic Caspian Sea-Lake, formerly part of the ancient Mediterranean-Black Sea basin.

Europe is part of the world most of whose territory is located in the Eastern Hemisphere. The Strait of Gibraltar separates it from Africa, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles from Asia, the eastern and southeastern conditional border runs along the eastern foothills of the Urals and along the main Caucasian ridge.
Europe as a continent is characterized by the following features. Firstly, it is a large single monolith with Asia, and therefore the division into Europe is more of a historical than physical-geographical nature. Secondly, it is relatively small in area - about 10.5 million square kilometers. (together with European part Russia and Turkey), that is, the largest one from Canada is only 500 thousand sq. km. Only Australia is smaller than Europe. Thirdly, a significant part of the territory of Europe consists of peninsulas - the Iberian, Apennine, Balkan, Scandinavian. Fourth, mainland Europe is surrounded by fairly large islands (Great Britain, Svalbard, New Earth, Iceland, Sicily, Sardinia, etc.), which significantly expand its territory. Fifthly, Europe is the only continent that does not occupy the zone of the tropics, which means that the natural diversity climatic zones and vegetation zones here a little lower.

Europe has been and remains an important macro-region in political, economic and cultural life the entire planet.
Within Europe there are 43 independent states. They are small and fairly compact in size. The largest states Europe is , France, Spain, Sweden, which cover an area in line with 603.7; 552.0; 504.8; 449.9 thousand km2. is a Eurasian power, occupying an area of 17.1 million km2. Only twelve countries have an area from 100 to 449 thousand km2. 19 countries have an area from 20 to 100 thousand km2. The smallest area is occupied by the so-called countries - the dwarfs of the Vatican, Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta.
All European countries, with the exception of the Vatican, which is part of the United Nations.
For a long time Europe of the XX century. was divided into two parts - East and West. The first included the former so-called socialist countries(Central-Eastern or Central and Eastern Europe), and to the second - capitalist (Western Europe). The events of the late 80s and early 90s radically changed the nature of the modern era. Decay socialist system led to the unification of the German lands in single state(1990), formation of independent independent states on the territory of the former Soviet Union(1991), the collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) in 1992, Czechoslovakia - in 1993 All this should not only be political, but also important economic importance. Central-Eastern and Eastern Europe, as well as the countries of the Adriatic-Black Sea subregion, are gradually creating a market economy.

A new phase of detente, which began in the late 80s and early 90s of the XX century, created a completely new situation. The idea of a common European home from the Atlantic to the Urals became objective reality. Conditions have been created for existence various forms integration in various regions of Europe, including Central-Eastern and Eastern Europe. The first such "swallow" in the conditions of the new Europe was an attempt to create an interstate association back in the early 1990s, which the neighboring states of Austria, Hungary, Italy and the former Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia called "Pentagonalia" (now "Octagonal"). This combination of states with different political and socio-economic status has shown that neighboring states have many common problems (protection environment, use of energy, cooperation in the field of culture, scientific and technical progress). After the collapse of the CMEA, a geopolitical vacuum arose in Central-Eastern Europe. The countries are looking for a way out of it in regional and subregional integration. So, in February 1991, the Visegrad sub-regional association arose as part of Poland, Hungary and the former Czechoslovakia, which aimed to accelerate the entry of these countries into pan-European integration processes.

Shores of Europe heavily indented by bays and straits, there are many peninsulas and islands. The largest peninsulas are Scandinavian, Jutland, Iberian, Apennine, Balkan and Crimean. They take up about 1/4 total area Europe.

The area of the European islands exceeds 700 thousand km2. These are Novaya Zemlya, the archipelago of Franz Josef Land, Svalbard, Iceland, Great Britain, Ireland. In the Mediterranean Sea there are such large islands as Corsica, Sicily, Sardinia.

In the waters washing the shores of European land, transport routes intersect that lead to Africa and America, and also connect the countries of Europe with each other.Europe. In the southeast is the undrained Caspian Sea-lake.

Coast of strongly indented bays and straits, there are many peninsulas and islands.The largest peninsula - Scandinavian , Jutland , Iberian , Apennine , Balkan and Crimea .They occupy about 1/4 of the total area of Europe.

European islands area exceeds 700 km2 .This Novaya Zemlya archipelago of Franz Josef Land , Spitsbergen , Iceland , UK, Ireland .In the Mediterranean, there are such large islands as Corsica , Sicily , Sardinia.

In the waters around the coast of the European land transport cross paths that lead to Africa and America , as well as bind Europe together.

Map of Europe in Russian online interactive

(This map of Europe allows you to switch between different viewing modes. For a detailed study, the map can be enlarged using the “+” sign)

The cities presented in this article are the most romantic in all of Europe. They are very popular among tourists all over the world. the globe, how best places for romantic travel.

The first place, of course, is occupied by Paris with the world famous eiffel tower th. This city seems to be thoroughly saturated with subtle aromas of love and French charm. Beautiful parks, old houses and cozy cafes add to the romantic and loving mood. There is nothing more beautiful and wonderful than a declaration of love made on the Eiffel Tower, towering above the brightly shining lights of Paris.

The second place in the list of romantic places went to prim London, or rather, its Ferris wheel - "London Eye". If the Paris weekend did not impress you, then you can add thrills to your relationship with your soulmate by riding a huge "ferris" wheel. But places must be booked in advance, because. there are too many people who want to ride this attraction. Inside, the cabin of the "ferris" wheel is made into a mini-restaurant for two or three people. In addition to a couple in love, i.e. the third person will be the waiter, whose duties include setting the table, serving champagne, chocolate and strawberries. The time spent in the booths takes about half an hour. During this time, a dizzying romantic excursion awaits you.

Third place on the list went to the Greek island of Santorini, which is located near Cyprus. Once this island, together with the rocks surrounding it, was just a volcano. But after a strong eruption, part of the island went under water, and the rest, i.e. crater, and formed the island of Santorini. The island attracts with its unique contrasts of churches and snow-white houses that shine against the backdrop of black volcanic soil and blue sea. In this fabulous place, you feel in seventh heaven with happiness, succumbing to the romantic splendor of Greece.