CIS, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the union of most of the countries formed after the collapse of the USSR. Presentation on the topic "CIS - Commonwealth of Independent States" Presentation on the topic of the formation of the CIS
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Lesson objectives: to expand understanding of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the symbols of each state and the legal framework, the role of the CIS in the international arena, to promote respect for social norms and values, laws and symbols of the CIS member states.
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On December 21, the leaders of eight more republics joined the agreement on the formation of the CIS: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan. December 8, 1991 Bialowieza Forest the leaders of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus (B. N. Yeltsin, L. M. Kravchuk, S. S. Shushkevich) announced the dissolution of the USSR and signed the Agreement on the Creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). This document was prepared in deep secrecy from the President of the USSR This document was prepared in deep secrecy from peoples of the country,
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What is CIS? The CIS stands for the Commonwealth of Independent States, which was formed on December 8, 1991 in the Belarusian capital of Minsk. Initially, the CIS included the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Ukraine and Belarus. Later, other allied states joined them: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The most recent state to join the CIS was Georgia. The CIS was created for cooperation between countries in many areas: politics, economics, culture, science, etc.
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What countries are part of the CIS? The countries that united in the CIS used to be part of the USSR, then separated, and then united again, but already as part of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The CIS includes the following countries: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova and Russia. The CIS also included Ukraine, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.
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On January 19, 1996 in Moscow, the Council of CIS Heads of State adopted the Regulations on the Flag and Emblem of the CIS. The emblem of the CIS is "... a framed circle of blue color A that contains an image of the shape white color from vertical stripes passing in the upper part of this figure symmetrically to the right and left into concentric annular elements. The latter expand upwards and are rounded, their length and width decrease from the center of symmetry to the periphery. At the top of the composition there is a golden circle surrounded by a ring-shaped element..." According to the creator of the emblem, the composition symbolizes the desire for equal partnership, unity, peace and stability.
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Flag of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The flag of the CIS is a blue panel with the emblem of the CIS in the center, the length of the flag is twice its width. The author of the composition of the emblem and flag of the CIS Alexander Vasilievich Grigoriev.
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What unites the CIS countries? In 1991, Russia, Ukraine and Belarus organized the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). This happened on December 8, 1991 in Minsk (the capital of Belarus), after which Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan joined the CIS. Georgia joined the CIS two years later. The agreement signed by all countries extended to 12 CIS countries. The CIS was created so that everyone could cooperate in medicine, science, trade, education, and all countries had to fulfill certain obligations.
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CIS bodies The Council of Heads of State, the Council of Heads of Government, the Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, the Interstate Economic Council, the Inter-Parliamentary Assembly with the center in St. Petersburg, etc. The permanent body of the CIS is the Coordinating and Consultative Committee in Minsk.
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What is the CIS for? The main goals of the organization are: cooperation in the political, economic, environmental, humanitarian, cultural and other fields; comprehensive development of the member states within the framework of the common economic space, interstate cooperation and integration; ensuring human rights and freedoms; cooperation in providing international peace and security, achieving general and complete disarmament; mutual legal assistance; peace resolution disputes and conflicts between the states of the organization.
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To spheres joint activities Member States include: ensuring human rights and fundamental freedoms; coordination of foreign policy activities; cooperation in the formation and development of a common economic space, customs policy; cooperation in the development of transport and communications systems; health and environment; issues of social and migration policy; combating organized crime; cooperation in the field of defense policy and protection of external borders
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Of particular importance in this regard is the appeal to state symbols member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Each nation creates and respects its own national-state symbols. The unity of culture and history of each country is built on common language her symbols. Each element of state symbols has the deepest meaning. These symbols reflect the history of the origin of the state, its structure, its goals, principles, national and other traditions, features of the economy and nature. Turning to state symbols, it is important to understand that in addition to its official elements approved as such - the emblem, flag, anthem, there are other significant symbols for each state - the Constitution, the President, historical monuments, etc.
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ARMENIA The yerb of the Republic of Armenia is one of the state symbols of the Republic of Armenia. It was adopted on April 19, 1992 by the Supreme Council of Armenia and specified by the law of June 15, 2006. The modern coat of arms is based on the coat of arms of the First Republic of Armenia (1918-1920), the authors of which were the architect, academician Russian Academy artists Alexander Tamanyan and artist Hakob Kojoyan. The coat of arms consists of the following elements: Shield - in the center - Mount Ararat, which is a symbol of the Armenian nation, on its top is Noah's Ark, since according to biblical legend the ark rested on this mountain after the flood. The shield is divided into 4 sections, which symbolize the four independent Armenian kingdoms in the history of Armenia: top left - Bagratids, top right - Arsacids, bottom left - Artashesids, bottom right - Rubenids. Lion and Eagle, which support the shield, are the kings of the animal world and symbolize wisdom, pride, patience and nobility. For centuries they have been symbols royal families. At the bottom of the shield are five more important elements. A broken chain means freedom and independence, a sword means the power and strength of the nation, ears of wheat - the industrious nature of Armenians, a branch - the intellectual and cultural heritage of the Armenian people. The tricolor ribbon means the flag of the Republic of Armenia. The main color of the emblem of the Republic of Armenia is golden, the kingdoms of historical Armenia: at the top left - red, at the top right - blue, at the bottom left - blue, at the bottom right - red, and Mount Ararat depicted in the center on the shield is orange. Specified colors symbolize the colors of the flag of the Republic of Armenia. Emblem of the Republic of Armenia - Was adopted on April 19, 1992 by the Supreme Council of Armenia and specified by the law of June 15, 2006. The coat of arms consists of the following elements: Shield - in the center - Mount Ararat, which is a symbol of the Armenian nation, on its top Noah's ark, because according to the biblical legend, the ark stopped on this mountain after the flood. The shield is divided into 4 sections, which symbolize the four independent Armenian kingdoms in the history of Armenia: At the bottom of the shield are five more important elements. A broken chain means freedom and independence, a sword means the power and strength of the nation, ears of wheat - the industrious nature of Armenians, a branch - the intellectual and cultural heritage of the Armenian people. The tricolor ribbon means the flag of the Republic of Armenia. The main color of the emblem of the Republic of Armenia is golden, the kingdoms of historical Armenia: at the top left - red, at the top right - blue, at the bottom left - blue, at the bottom right - red, and Mount Ararat depicted in the center on the shield is orange. The indicated colors symbolize the colors of the flag of the Republic of Armenia.
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AZERBAIJAN In the center of the coat of arms is a fire, which symbolizes the word Allah on Arabic. The colors used on the coat of arms are the colors of the national flag of Azerbaijan. The eight-pointed star symbolizes the eight branches of the Turkic people; small eight-pointed stars are depicted between the points of the star. Below is a wreath of ears of wheat and oak branches. A wreath of ears symbolizes wealth, fertility. Oak branches symbolize the national military power.
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BELARUS The State Emblem of the Republic of Belarus, according to the official description, is a green contour of the Republic of Belarus placed in a silver field in the golden rays of the sun rising over the globe. At the top of the outline is a five-pointed red star. The coat of arms is framed by a wreath of golden ears intertwined with clover flowers on the left, and flax on the right. The ears are three times wrapped on each side with a red-green ribbon (the colors of the Belarusian flag), on which the inscription in gold is made below: "Republic of Belarus". The coat of arms of the Byelorussian SSR was taken as the basis.
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KAZAKHSTAN The state emblem of the Republic of Kazakhstan is an image of a shanyrak (upper vaulted part of a yurt) on a blue background, from which uyks (supports) radiate in all directions in the form of sun rays framed by the wings of mythical horses. At the bottom of the coat of arms - the inscription "Kazakhstan". The emblem depicts Tulpar - a mythical horse with wings. The same horses adorn the helmet of the Issyk Golden Man. The wings symbolize the dream of building a strong, prosperous state. They also testify to pure thoughts and the desire to improve and achieve harmony in society, with nature and world civilization. The state emblem of the republic depicts two mythical horses, and they, as it were, protect the shanyrak from two sides. They also vividly express the idea of service. common house- Motherland. Protecting the Motherland like the apple of an eye and faithfully serving it is one of the important leitmotifs embedded in the images of mythical horses.
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KYRGYZSTAN Coat of arms of Kyrgyzstan - the official state symbol Kyrgyz Republic; was approved on January 14, 1994 by a resolution. In the center of the coat of arms against the background of Lake Issyk-Kul and the spurs of Ala-Too, over which the sun rises, there is an image of a white falcon with outstretched wings, symbolizing the freedom and independence of Kyrgyzstan. The silhouette of the sun is a symbol of life, wealth and abundance. Note that this element is given the main place in state symbols. The peaks of the mountains, illuminated by the sun, are similar to the Kyrgyz national headdress "kalpak". In the worldview of nomads special place occupies the steppe eagle or golden eagle. In the language of symbolism, the silhouette of an eagle means state power, breadth and insight. For the steppes, this is a symbol of freedom, independence, striving for a goal, for heights, a flight into the future.
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MOLDOVA The coat of arms of Moldova is a crossed shield, in the upper part of which there is a red field, in the lower part - blue. The head of a bison is depicted in the center of the shield, between the horns of which there is an eight-pointed star, to the right of the head - a five-petal rose, to the left - a crescent moon, turned and slightly tilted to the left. All elements on the shield are golden (yellow). The shield is placed on the chest of an eagle holding a golden cross (crusader eagle) in its beak, in its claws: on the right - a green olive branch, on the left - a golden scepter. The coat of arms of Moldova is located in the center of the flag of Moldova.
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RUSSIA Coat of arms Russian Federation The coat of arms was adopted on November 30, 1993. Updated description on December 25, 2000. Included in the State Heraldic Register of the Russian Federation No. 3. The State Emblem of the Russian Federation is a quadrangular, with rounded lower corners, pointed at the tip, a red heraldic shield with a golden double-headed eagle that raised its spread wings. The eagle is surmounted by two small crowns and above them by one large crown connected by a ribbon. In the right paw of the eagle is a scepter, in the left - orb. On the chest of the eagle, in a red shield, there is a silver horseman in a blue cloak on a silver horse, striking with a silver spear a black dragon overturned and trampled on his horse.
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TURKMENISTAN The state emblem of Turkmenistan is a symbol of the state power of Turkmenistan, which combines the cultural heritage of the founders of the Turkmen people Oguz Khan and the Seljuk dynasty, who created in ancient times mighty empire and had a noticeable impact on the development of both the Turkic peoples and the population of Eurasia as a whole. The state emblem of Turkmenistan is an octahedron On a green background of an octahedron around a red circle, the main elements of the national wealth and symbols of the state are depicted: in the lower part - seven boxes of white cotton with green leaves; · in the middle part - ears of wheat · in the upper part - a crescent moon with five five-pointed white stars.
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UZBEKISTAN The coat of arms of Uzbekistan was developed taking into account the centuries-old national and state experience and traditions. Adopted on July 2, 1992 In the center of the emblem there is a Humo bird with outstretched wings - in Uzbek mythology, a symbol of happiness and love of freedom. In the upper part of the emblem there is an octahedron, symbolizing the establishment of the republic, inside - a crescent with a star. The image of the sun symbolizes the light that illuminates the path of the Uzbek state, and also emphasizes the unique natural and climatic conditions of the republic. The two rivers depicted under the bird are the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, which flow through the territory of Uzbekistan. Ears are a symbol of bread, stems with open cotton bolls characterize the main wealth of Uzbekistan. Together, the ears and bolls of cotton, intertwined with the ribbon of the State Flag, symbolize the consolidation of the peoples living in the republic.
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UKRAINE new page Ukrainian heraldry was opened by the Decree "On the State Emblem of Ukraine" adopted on February 19, 1992 by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, which approved the "Trident as the small coat of arms of Ukraine" and, accordingly, the main element of the large coat of arms. Since the most distant times, the trident has been revered as a magical sign, a kind of amulet. At times Kievan Rus the trident becomes a grand-princely sign. The ambassadors of the Kyiv prince Igor (912-945), when drawing up an agreement with the Byzantines, had their seals with tridents. Kyiv prince Vladimir Svyatoslavovich (980-1015) minted a trident on coins, where on one side a portrait of the ruler was depicted, and on the other - a trident. The trident symbolized the division of the Universe into heavenly, earthly and otherworldly, the union of the Divine, Fatherly and Motherly - sacred principles, three natural elements - air, water and earth.
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Creation of the CIS The CIS was founded by the heads of the BSSR, the RSFSR and the Ukrainian SSR by signing on December 8, 1991 in Viskuli near Brest (Belarus) the Agreement on the Creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (known in the media as the Belovezhskaya Agreement).
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The document, which consisted of the Preamble and 14 articles, stated that the USSR ceased to exist as a subject of international law and geopolitical reality. However, based on the historical community of peoples, ties between them, taking into account bilateral treaties, the desire for a democratic rule of law, the intention to develop their relations on the basis of mutual recognition and respect for state sovereignty, the parties agreed to form the Commonwealth of Independent States
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Member states of the organization According to the current Charter of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the founder states of the organization are those states that, by the time the Charter was adopted, had signed and ratified the Agreement on the Establishment of the CIS of December 8, 1991 and the Protocol to this Agreement of December 21, 1991. Member states of the Commonwealth are those founding states that have assumed obligations arising from the Charter within 1 year after its adoption by the Council of Heads of State.
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To join the organization, a potential member must share the goals and principles of the CIS, accepting the obligations contained in the Charter, and also obtain the consent of all member states. In addition, the Charter provides for categories of associate members (these are states participating in certain types activities of the organization, on the terms determined by the associate membership agreement) and observers (these are the states whose representatives may attend meetings of the Commonwealth bodies by decision of the Council of Heads of State).
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The goals of the CIS organization are based on the principles sovereign equality of all its members, therefore all member states are independent subjects of international law. The Commonwealth is not a state and does not have supranational powers. The main goals of the organization are: cooperation in the political, economic, environmental, humanitarian, cultural and other fields; comprehensive development of the member states within the framework of the common economic space, interstate cooperation and integration; ensuring human rights and freedoms; cooperation in ensuring international peace and security, achieving general and complete disarmament; mutual legal assistance; peaceful resolution of disputes and conflicts between states of the organization
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The areas of joint activity of the Member States include: ensuring human rights and fundamental freedoms; coordination of foreign policy activities; cooperation in the formation and development of a common economic space, customs policy; cooperation in the development of transport and communications systems; health and environmental protection; issues of social and migration policy; combating organized crime; cooperation in the field of defense policy and protection of external borders.
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CIS Bodies The supreme body of the organization is the Council of CIS Heads of State, in which all member states are represented and which discusses and resolves fundamental issues related to the activities of the organization. The Council of Heads of State meets twice a year The Council of Heads of Government of the CIS coordinates cooperation between the executive authorities of the member states in economic, social and other areas of common interest. It meets four times a year. All decisions, both in the Council of Heads of State and in the Council of Heads of Government, are taken by consensus. The heads of these two bodies of the CIS preside in turn in the order of the Russian alphabet of the names of the member states of the Commonwealth.
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Russia and the CIS In July 2004, at a meeting of the Security Council of the Russian Federation, dedicated to Russia's policy in the CIS, Vladimir Putin, who was then president, admitted: “We have approached a certain milestone in the development of the CIS. Either we will achieve a qualitative strengthening of the CIS, we will create on its basis a really working, influential in the world regional structure, or we will inevitably face the “erosion” of this geopolitical space and, as a result, the final drop in interest in working in the Commonwealth among its member states.”
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In March 2005, after the Russian leadership suffered a number of tangible political failures in relations with the former Soviet republics (Georgia, Ukraine, Moldova), and in the midst of a power crisis in Kyrgyzstan, Vladimir Putin spoke more categorically: “All disappointments come from an excess of expectations... If someone expected any special achievements from the CIS in the economy, politics or military sphere, naturally, this did not happen, since it could not be.
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The goals were programmed alone, but in reality the process after the collapse of the USSR was going differently…”. As Putin put it, the CIS was created for the "civilized divorce" of the post-Soviet countries, and everything else is "political husk and chatter." The real integration tools, in his opinion, are now such associations as the EurAsEC and the emerging Common Economic Space (SES). As for the CIS, according to Putin, it plays the role of "a very useful club for identifying the views of the leaders of states on the existing problems of a humanitarian and economic nature."
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Due to the growth of centrifugal processes in the CIS, in last years The question of the need for its reform was repeatedly raised. At the same time, there is no consensus on the possible directions of this process. In July 2006, at an informal summit of the Commonwealth heads of state, President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev proposed his own version - he believes that the CIS should focus on the following areas of cooperation: a coordinated migration policy, the development of common transport communications, interaction in the scientific, educational, cultural and humanitarian spheres, cooperation in the fight against cross-border crime.
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As some media noted, in 2006 skepticism about the viability and effectiveness of the CIS was also associated with trade wars between Russia, on the one hand, and Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine, on the other, but especially with a sharp aggravation of relations between Russia and Georgia (See Russian-Georgian spy scandal (2006)). Recent developments, according to some observers, have brought the CIS to the brink of survival, as Russian sanctions against a country that is part of the CIS, turned out to be unprecedented.
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After Russia switched to market prices for gas supplied to CIS partners, the Commonwealth lost one of the unifying factors - low prices for gas and oil. At the same time, throughout 2006, the Russian leadership made efforts to form on the basis of the CIS a kind of union of states connected by a system of oil and gas pipelines and recognizing Russia's leading and key role as a monopoly supplier of energy resources to Europe from the entire post-Soviet space. Neighboring states in this structure should play the role of either suppliers of their gas to Russian pipelines (Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan), or transit countries (Ukraine, Belarus). The pledge of the energy union was to be the sale of energy and energy transport assets or their exchange. 
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CIS Interparliamentary Assembly The IPA includes members of the parliaments of the CIS member countries - Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Armenia (since 1995), Azerbaijan, Moldova, Georgia (since 1997), Ukraine (since 1999). The following parties are represented (the list needs to be clarified): United Russia, Fair Russia, communist party Russian Federation, Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, Motherland, Litvin's People's Bloc, Party of Regions, Communist Party of Ukraine, Batkivshchyna, Nur-Otan, United Azerbaijan, People's Party of Armenia, Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova, Party of Regions, Our Ukraine, LDPU, NDP, Adaleth. Chairman of the Assembly - Sergei Mironov, Chairman of the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. Location - St. Petersburg.
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Interesting Facts Any state, a member of the CIS, has the right to withdraw from the organization at any time and at its own discretion. The CIS did not take place as a union state. De facto, the so-called "CIS Institute" is nothing more than a group of agreements on predominantly bilateral cooperation in various areas between the Russian Federation and some former Soviet republics.
The CIS was founded by Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. ByelorussiaRussiaUkraine In the Agreement on the creation of the CIS, signed dddd eeee kkkk ahhh bbbb rrrr yay in M M M M M iii nnnn ssss kkkk eeee, these states stated that the USSR ceases to exist in conditions of deep crisis and disintegration, and declared their desire to to develop cooperation in the political, economic, humanitarian, cultural and other fields.
Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan joined the Agreement on December 21, 1991, signing together with Belarus, Russia and Ukraine in Alma-Ata the Declaration on the goals and principles of the CIS. К Соглашению присоединились Азербайджан, Армения, Казахстан, Киргизия, Молдавия, Таджикистан, Туркмения, Узбекистан 21 декабря 1991 подписавшие совместно с Белоруссией, Россией и Украиной в Алма-Ате Декларацию о целях и принципах СНГ.АзербайджанАрменияКазахстанКиргизия МолдавияТаджикистанТуркменияУзбекистан 21 декабря1991БелоруссиейРоссиейУкраинойАлма-АтеАзербайджанАрменияКазахстанКиргизия МолдавияТаджикистанТуркменияУзбекистан 21 декабря1991БелоруссиейРоссиейУкраинойАлма- Ate Prior to ratification by the parliaments of the current membership, Azerbaijan (until September 1993) and Moldova (until April 1994) were associated members of the CIS. Prior to ratification by the parliaments of the current membership, Azerbaijan (until September 1993) and Moldova (until April 1994) were associated members of the CIS. Azerbaijan 1993 Moldova 1994 Azerbaijan 1993 Moldova 1994 In October 1993, Georgia became a full member of the CIS. In October 1993, Georgia became a full member of the CIS. 1993 Georgia, 1993 Georgia In August 2005, Turkmenistan withdrew from the full members of the CIS and received the status of an associated observer member. In August 2005, Turkmenistan withdrew from the full members of the CIS and received the status of an associated observer member. 2005 Turkmenistan 2005 Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan is a member of the CIS as an observer. The capital of this country is Ashgabat. The population density in Turkmenistan is 9.6 people per square kilometer. The main languages of Turkmenistan are Russian and Turkmen. The main religion in this country is Islam.
Georgia The events of August 2008 initiated the process of Georgia's withdrawal from the Commonwealth of Independent States, which formally ended on June 12, 2009, with the adoption of a relevant resolution by the Parliament of Georgia. The events of August 2008 initiated the process of Georgia's withdrawal from the Commonwealth of Independent States, which formally ended on June 12, 2009, with the adoption of a relevant resolution by the Parliament of Georgia.
Moldova and Ukraine, like Turkmenistan, have not ratified the CIS Charter. This means that formally they are not members of the Commonwealth, although Ukraine remains a founding state and member of the CIS. Moldova and Ukraine, like Turkmenistan, have not ratified the CIS Charter. This means that formally they are not members of the Commonwealth, although Ukraine remains a founding state and member of the CIS. MoldovaUkraineTurkmenistan MoldovaUkraineTurkmenistan railways etc.) Mongolia participates as an observer. Mongolia participates as an observer in a number of CIS structures (coordinating committees of the presidential administrations, on statistics, railways, etc.). Mongolia In August 2009, Georgia officially ceased to be a member of the Commonwealth independent states. In August 2009, Georgia officially ceased to be a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States.
In 1993, the CIS Charter was adopted, which provides for areas of joint activity of states: In 1993, the CIS Charter was adopted, which provides for areas of joint activity of states: 1993 ensuring human rights and freedoms, ensuring human rights and freedoms, coordinating foreign policy activities, coordinating foreign policy activities, cooperation in the formation common economic space, in the development of transport and communications systems, cooperation in the formation of a common economic space, in the development of transport and communications systems, public health and environmental protection, public health and environmental protection, issues of social and immigration policy, issues of social and immigration policy , the fight against organized crime, the fight against organized crime, cooperation in defense policy and the protection of external borders. cooperation in defense policy and protection of external borders. According to the Charter, along with full members in the CIS, there may be associated members participating in certain types of CIS activities, and there may also be states represented at meetings of the Council of Heads of State of the CIS as observers. According to the Charter, along with full members in the CIS, there may be associated members participating in certain types of CIS activities, and there may also be states represented at meetings of the Council of Heads of State of the CIS as observers. According to the Charter, the admission to the CIS of new members is carried out with their obligations to comply with all decisions of the CIS and with the consent of existing CIS members. According to the Charter, the admission to the CIS of new members is carried out with their obligations to comply with all decisions of the CIS and with the consent of existing CIS members.
Azerbaijan Full name: Azerbaijan Republic Full name: Azerbaijan Republic Form of government: Republic Form of government: Republic Capital: Baku Capital: Baku Area, sq. km: Area, sq. km: Population, people: Population, people: Population density, people/sq.km: 97 Population density, people/sq.km: 97 official languages: Azerbaijani Official languages: Azerbaijani Currency: manat Currency: manat International telephone code: 994 International dialing code: 994 Internet zone: az Internet zone: az Average life expectancy, years: 66.3 Average life expectancy, years: 66.3
Armenia Full name: Republic of Armenia Full name: Republic of Armenia Form of government: Republic Form of government: Republic Capital: Yerevan Capital: Yerevan Area, sq. km: Area, sq. km: Population, people: Population, people: Population density, people/km2: 111 Population density, people/km2: 111 Official languages: Armenian Official languages: Armenian Currency: dram Currency: dram International dialing code: 374 International dialing code: 374 Internet zone: am Internet zone: am Average life expectancy, years: 72.4 Average life expectancy, years: 72.4
Belarus Belarus Full name: Republic of Belarus Full name: Republic of Belarus Form of government: Republic Form of government: Republic Capital: Minsk Capital: Minsk Area, km2: Area, km2: Population, people: Population, people: Population density, people/ km2: 47 Population density, persons/km2: 47 Official languages: Belarusian, Russian Official languages: Belarusian, Russian Currency: Belarusian ruble Currency: Belarusian ruble International dialing code: 375 International dialing code: 375 Internet zone: by Zone in Internet.: by Average life expectancy, years: 70.2 Average life expectancy, years: 70.2
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Full name: Republic of Kazakhstan Full name: Republic of Kazakhstan Form of government: Republic Form of government: Republic Capital: Astana Capital: Astana Area, km2: Area, km2: Population, people: Population, people: Population density, people/ km2: 6 Population density, person/km2: 6 Official languages: Kazakh, Russian Official languages: Kazakh, Russian Currency: tenge Currency: tenge International dialing code: 77 International dialing code: 77 Internet zone: kz Internet zone. : kz Average life expectancy, years: 67.4 Average life expectancy, years: 67.4
Kyrgyzstan Full name: Kyrgyz Republic Full name: Kyrgyz Republic Form of government: Republic Form of government: Republic Capital: Bishkek Capital: Bishkek Area, km2: Area, km2: Population, people: Population, people: Population density, people/km2 : 26 Population density, person/km2: 26 Official languages: Kyrgyz, Russian Official languages: Kyrgyz, Russian Currency: som Currency: som International dialing code: 996 International dialing code: 996 Internet zone: kg Internet zone: kg Average life expectancy, years: 68.9 Average life expectancy, years: 68.9
Moldova Full name: Republic of Moldova Full name: Republic of Moldova Form of government: Republic Form of government: Republic Capital: Chisinau Capital: Chisinau Area, km2: Area, km2: Population, people: Population, people: Population density, people/km2 : 100 Population density, persons/km2: 100 Official languages: Moldavian Official languages: Moldavian Currency: Moldavian leu Currency: Moldavian leu International dialing code: 373 International dialing code: 373 Internet zone: md Internet zone: md Medium life expectancy, years: 70.3 Average life expectancy, years: 70.3
Russia Full name: Russian Federation Full name: Russian Federation Form of government: Federal Republic Form of government: Federal Republic Capital: Moscow Capital: Moscow Area, km2: Area, km2: Population, people: Population, people: Population density, people /km2: 8 Population density, person/km2: 8 Official languages: Russian Official languages: Russian Currency: ruble Currency: ruble International dialing code: 7 International dialing code: 7 Internet zone: ru, rf Internet zone: ru, rf Average life expectancy, years: 66.1 Average life expectancy, years: 66.1
Tajikistan Full name: Republic of Tajikistan Full name: Republic of Tajikistan Form of government: Republic Form of government: Republic Capital: Dushanbe Capital: Dushanbe Area, km2: Area, km2: Population, people: Population, people: Population density, people/km2 : 50 Population density, person/km2: 50 Official languages: Tajik Official languages: Tajik Currency: Samoni (Tajik ruble) Currency: Samoni (Tajik ruble) International dialing code: 992 International dialing code: 992 Internet zone: tj Zone on the Internet.: tj Average life expectancy, years: 64.7 Average life expectancy, years: 64.7
Uzbekistan Full name: Republic of Uzbekistan Full name: Republic of Uzbekistan Form of government: Republic Form of government: Republic Capital: Tashkent Capital: Tashkent Area, km2: Area, km2: Population, people: Population, people: Population density, people/km2 : 60 Population density, person/km2: 60 Official languages: Uzbek Official languages: Uzbek Currency: sum Currency: sum International dialing code: 998 International dialing code: 998 Internet zone: uz Internet zone: uz Life expectancy , years: 65.1 Average life expectancy, years: 65.1
Ukraine Form of government: Republic Form of government: Republic Capital: Kyiv Capital: Kyiv Area, km2: Area, km2: Population, people: Population, people: Population density, people/km2: 77 Population density, people/km2: 77 Official languages: Ukrainian Official languages: Ukrainian Currency: hryvnia Currency: hryvnia International dialing code: 380 International dialing code: 380 Internet zone: ua Internet zone: ua Average life expectancy, years: 68.1 Average life expectancy, years: 68.1
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Presentation on the topic: Commonwealth of Independent States
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The CIS stands for the Commonwealth of Independent States, which was formed on December 8, 1991 in the Belarusian capital of Minsk. Initially, the CIS included the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Ukraine and Belarus. The CIS is an association by mutual agreement of countries of independent states to provide mutual support in various fields. The CIS is an operating mechanism that, for all its shortcomings, is useful and necessary. The CIS is based on the principles of sovereign equality of all its members, therefore, all states members are independent subjects of international law. The Commonwealth is not a state and does not have supranational powers.
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The main goals of the organization are: cooperation in the political, economic, environmental, humanitarian, cultural and other fields; comprehensive development of the member states within the framework of the common economic space, interstate cooperation and integration; ensuring human rights and freedoms; cooperation in ensuring international peace and security, achieving general and complete disarmament; mutual legal assistance; peaceful resolution of disputes and conflicts between the states of the organization. The areas of joint activity of the member states include: ensuring human rights and fundamental freedoms; coordination of foreign policy activities; cooperation in the formation and development of a common economic space, customs policy; cooperation in the development of transport and communications systems; health and environmental protection; issues of social and migration policy; combating organized crime; cooperation in the field of defense policy and protection of external borders.
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The governing bodies of the CIS The interaction of countries within the framework of the Commonwealth of Independent States is carried out through its coordinating institutions: the Council of Heads of State, the Council of Heads of Government, the Inter-Parliamentary Assembly, the Executive Committee, etc. The Council of Heads of State The Council of Heads of State, as the supreme body of the Commonwealth, discusses and resolves any fundamental issues of the Commonwealth, related to the common interests of the member states. The Council of Heads of State of the Commonwealth at its meetings makes decisions concerning: amending the Charter of the CIS; creating new or abolishing existing bodies of the Commonwealth; optimization of the CIS structure; improving the activities of the Commonwealth bodies; hearing reports on the activities of the CIS bodies; appointment (approval) of heads of bodies within its competence; delegation of powers to lower bodies; approval of regulations on the bodies of the CIS, referred to its competence. The Council of Heads of State meets twice a year. Extraordinary meetings may be convened at the initiative of one of the Member States. Decisions of the Council of Heads of State and the Council of Heads of Government are taken by common consent - consensus. Any state can declare its disinterest in a particular issue, which should not be considered as an obstacle to a decision.
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Council of Heads of Government The Council of Heads of Government of the CIS coordinates the cooperation of executive authorities in the economic, social and other areas of common interests of the CIS member countries. The Council of Heads of Government of the Commonwealth decides on the following issues: implementation of the instructions of the Council of Heads of State given to the Council of Heads of Government; implementation of the provisions set forth in the Treaty on the Establishment Economic Union, as well as the practical functioning of the free trade area; adoption of joint industrial development programs, Agriculture and other sectors of the economy and their financing; development of transport, communications, energy systems, cooperation in tariff, credit, financial and tax policy; development of mechanisms aimed at the formation of scientific and technological space; creation of Commonwealth bodies within its competence; appointments (approvals) of the heads of the Commonwealth bodies, referred to its competence; financial support activities of the Commonwealth. The Council of Heads of Government meets four times a year, extraordinary meetings may be convened at the initiative of the government of one of the member states. Council of Foreign Ministers The Council of Foreign Ministers of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CMFA) was established by the Decision of the Council of Heads of State of the Commonwealth of September 24, 1993 to coordinate foreign policy activities.
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The territory of the Russian Federation is 17075.4 thousand square kilometers, the population as of August 1, 2004 is 143 million 700 thousand people. Moscow is the capital of Russia. In accordance with the Constitution adopted on December 12, 1993, the Russian Federation - Russia - is a democratic federal constitutional state with a republican form of government. The Russian Federation consists of republics, territories, regions, cities of federal subordination, an autonomous region, autonomous regions- equal subjects of the Russian Federation. State power in the Russian Federation is exercised by the President of the Russian Federation, the Federal Assembly, the Government of the Russian Federation. State power in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is exercised by the bodies of state power formed by them. The President of the Russian Federation is the head of state and is elected for four years. The Federal Assembly - the Parliament of Russia, is a representative and legislative body, consists of two chambers - the Federation Council and the State Duma. The Federation Council consists of two representatives from each subject of the Russian Federation, one from the representative and executive bodies of state power. The State Duma consists of 450 deputies elected for four years. Executive power is exercised by the Government of the Russian Federation. In the capital of the Russian Federation, the city of Moscow, there is a Branch of the CIS Executive Committee, the Commission on Economic Affairs under the Economic Council of the CIS, the Council of Defense Ministers, the Headquarters for the Coordination of Military Cooperation of the CIS Member States, the Anti-Terrorism Center of the CIS Member States, a number of sectoral and permanent working bodies of the Commonwealth . Dmitry Medvedev is the President of the Russian Federation.
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Republic of Kazakhstan Territory of the state - 2724.9 thousand sq. km. The population as of 01.01.2003 is 14 million 825.7 thousand people. On September 15, 1995, a presidential decree was adopted on the transfer of the capital of Kazakhstan from the city of Almaty to the city of Akmola (now Astana), located in geographic center Republic. The Republic of Kazakhstan, according to the Constitution adopted by referendum on August 30, 1995, is a unitary state with a presidential form of government. It asserts itself as a democratic, secular, legal and social state. The names "Republic of Kazakhstan" and "Kazakhstan" are equivalent. The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the head of state, its highest official, and is elected for a term of seven years. Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev is the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Republic of Azerbaijan The Republic of Azerbaijan occupies southeastern part the isthmus of the Caucasus and occupies an area of over 86.6 thousand square meters. km. The population of the Republic of Azerbaijan as of May 1, 2004 is 8 million 289 thousand people. The capital is the city of Baku. Azerbaijan includes the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic. According to the Constitution adopted on November 12, 1995, the Azerbaijani state is a democratic, legal, secular, unitary republic with a presidential form of government. The head of state is the President, he also has executive power. The President is elected for a term of 5 years. Legislative power is exercised by the Milli Majlis, which is elected for a five-year term. The President of the Republic of Azerbaijan is Aliyev Ilham Heydarovich.
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The territory of the state is about 200 thousand square kilometers. The population as of 01.01.2003 is 5 million 012.5 thousand people. The capital of the state is the city of Bishkek. The Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan), according to the Constitution adopted on May 5, 1993, is a sovereign, unitary, democratic republic built on the principles of a legal, secular state. On February 2, 2003, a referendum was held. The majority of voters approved and signed by the President A. Akaev Law No. 40 dated February 18, 2003 "On the new version of the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic. The President is the head of state. He is elected for a five-year term. Parliament - the Jogorku Kenesh, is a permanent supreme representative body. The Jogorku Kenesh exercises legislative power, as well as control functions.He is elected for five years.Executive power in Kyrgyzstan is exercised by the Government, subordinate ministries, state committees, administrative departments, other executive authorities and local state administration.
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Turkmenistan The territory of Turkmenistan is 488.1 thousand square meters. km. The population as of May 1, 2004 is 6 million 385.7 thousand people. The capital is the city of Ashgabat. Turkmenistan was proclaimed an independent state in October 1991 as a result of a national referendum. According to the Constitution adopted on May 18, 1992, Turkmenistan is a democratic legal and secular state. State government carried out in the form of a presidential republic. The President is the head of state and executive power, the highest official of Turkmenistan. The highest representative body of people's power is the Halk maslahaty ( People's Council) of Turkmenistan. The Mejlis (Parliament) is the legislative body of Turkmenistan. The Cabinet of Ministers is an executive and administrative body. The President heads the Cabinet of Ministers. The President of Turkmenistan is Gurbanguly Myalikgulyevich Berdimuhamedov.
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Republic of Uzbekistan Territory of the state - 447.4 thousand square meters. km. The population as of 01.01.2001 is 24 million 916.4 thousand people. The capital of Uzbekistan - the city of Tashkent - is one of the most major cities in the east. In accordance with the Constitution adopted on December 8, 1992, Uzbekistan is a sovereign democratic republic. The highest state representative body is the Oliy Majlis, which exercises legislative power. The Oliy Majlis is elected for 5 years. The President is the head of state and executive power, and at the same time the Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers. The President is elected for a term of five years. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan is Karimov Islam Abduganievich.
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Republic of Armenia The Republic of Armenia occupies an area of 29.8 thousand square meters. km, the population as of 01.01.2003 is 3 million 210.8 thousand people. The capital of Armenia is the city of Yerevan. According to the Constitution adopted on July 5, 1995, the Republic of Armenia is a sovereign democratic, social, legal state. The legislative body of the Republic of Armenia is the National Assembly, which consists of 131 deputies. The term of office of the National Assembly is 4 years. The head of state and executive power is the President, who is elected for a five-year term. Executive power is exercised by the Government, which consists of the Prime Minister and ministers. The President of the Republic of Armenia is Serzh Azatovich Sargsyan.
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The territory of the state is 207.6 thousand sq. km. Population - as of 30.06.2003 is 9 million 904 thousand 700 people. The Republic of Belarus is a unitary democratic social and legal state. According to the form of government, Belarus is a presidential republic. The Constitution of 1994 with amendments and additions adopted by the people at the Referendum on November 24, 1996 operates on its territory. State administration is based on the principle of separation of powers: legislative, executive and judicial. The highest representative permanent legislative body is the Parliament - the National Assembly, which consists of two chambers - the House of Representatives and the Council of the Republic. The term of office of Parliament is four years. The composition of the House of Representatives is 110 deputies. The election of deputies of the House of Representatives is carried out in accordance with the law on the basis of universal, free, equal, direct suffrage by secret ballot. The Council of the Republic is the chamber of territorial representation. From each region and city of Minsk, they are elected by secret ballot at meetings of deputies local councils deputies basic level each region and city of Minsk has eight members of the Council of the Republic. Eight members of the Council of the Republic are appointed by the President. The President of the Republic is the head of state, the guarantor of the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus, the rights and freedoms of man and citizen. The President is elected for 5 years directly by the people of the Republic of Belarus. The executive power in the Republic of Belarus is exercised by the Government - the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus - the central body Government controlled. The capital of the Republic of Belarus, the city of Minsk, is the official seat of the coordinating bodies of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The CIS Executive Committee, the Economic Court of the Commonwealth and a number of sectoral bodies of the Commonwealth are located here. The President of the Republic of Belarus is Alexander Lukashenko.
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Republic of Moldova Territory of the state - 33.7 thousand sq. km. The population as of 01.01.2003 is 3 million 618.5 thousand people. The capital of Moldova is the city of Chisinau. In accordance with the Constitution adopted on July 29, 1994, the Republic of Moldova is a sovereign and independent, united and indivisible state. On July 27, 2000, the law on the introduction of a parliamentary form of government in the Republic of Moldova came into force. In accordance with the amendments to the Constitution, a parliamentary form of government has been introduced in the country. The president remains the head of state, but he retains mainly representative functions. The President, in particular, is deprived of the right to initiate the procedure for amending the Constitution, the right to appoint judges of the Constitutional Court. The law provides for the election of the President in Parliament. On September 17, 2009, the Constitutional Court of Moldova officially recognized the interim performance of the duties of the President of the Republic of Moldova by the Chairman of the Parliament, Mihail Ghimpu.
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Republic of Tajikistan The territory of the republic is 143.1 thousand square meters. km, its population as of 01.01.2003 is 6 million 463.8 thousand people. The capital is the city of Dushanbe. According to the Constitution adopted on November 6, 1994, the Republic of Tajikistan is a sovereign democratic legal secular unitary state. The highest representative and legislative body of the Republic of Tajikistan is the Majlisi Oli - the parliament of the republic, which is elected for a period of five years. In November 1994, the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, who is the head of state and executive power (Government), was elected by direct vote for a period of five years. He was re-elected on November 6, 1999, term of office - seven years. The President of the Republic of Tajikistan is EMOMOLI RAHMON
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Ukraine Territory of the state - 603.7 thousand square meters. km. The population as of 01.06.2004 is 47 million 465 thousand people. The capital of Ukraine is the city of Kyiv. Ukraine is a unitary state in which there is a single citizenship. The right to determine and change the constitutional order in Ukraine belongs exclusively to the people and cannot be usurped by the state, its bodies, officials. State power in Ukraine is exercised according to the principle of its division into legislative, executive and judicial. The head of state in Ukraine is the President. He acts on behalf of the state and is the guarantor of state sovereignty, territorial integrity of Ukraine, observance of the Constitution, human and civil rights and freedoms. The President of Ukraine is elected on the basis of general, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot for a period of 5 years. The only body of legislative power in Ukraine is the Parliament - the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, consisting of 450 people's deputies elected for 4 years. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine is the highest body in the system of executive power. He is responsible to the President and is controlled and accountable to the Verkhovna Rada within the limits provided for by the relevant articles of the Constitution.
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slide presentation
Slide text: CIS COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES
Slide text: Lesson objectives: to expand understanding of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the symbols of each state and the legal framework, the role of the CIS in the international arena, to promote respect for social norms and values, for the laws and symbols of the CIS member states.
Slide text: On December 21, the leaders of eight more republics joined the agreement on the formation of the CIS: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan. On December 8, 1991 in Belovezhskaya Pushcha the leaders of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus (B. N. Yeltsin, L. M. Kravchuk, S. S. Shushkevich) announced the dissolution of the USSR and signed the Agreement on the Creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). This document was prepared in deep secrecy from the President of the USSR This document was prepared in deep secrecy from the peoples of the country,
Slide text: What is the CIS? The CIS stands for the Commonwealth of Independent States, which was formed on December 8, 1991 in the Belarusian capital of Minsk. Initially, the CIS included the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Ukraine and Belarus. Later, other allied states joined them: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The most recent state to join the CIS was Georgia. The CIS was created for cooperation between countries in many areas: politics, economics, culture, science, etc.
Slide text: Which countries are part of the CIS? The countries that united in the CIS used to be part of the USSR, then separated, and then united again, but already as part of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The CIS includes the following countries: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova and Russia. The CIS also included Ukraine, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.
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Slide text: On January 19, 1996, in Moscow, the Council of CIS Heads of State adopted the Regulations on the flag and emblem of the CIS. The emblem of the CIS is "... a framed blue circle containing an image of a white figure from vertical stripes, passing in the upper part of this figure symmetrically to the right and left into concentric annular elements. The latter expand upwards and are rounded, their length and width decrease from the center symmetry to the periphery.In the upper part of the composition there is a golden circle surrounded by an annular element...". According to the creator of the emblem, the composition symbolizes the desire for equal partnership, unity, peace and stability.
Slide text: CIS EMBLEM
Slide text: Flag of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The flag of the CIS is a blue panel with the emblem of the CIS in the center, the length of the flag is twice its width. The author of the composition of the emblem and flag of the CIS Alexander Vasilievich Grigoriev.
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Slide text: What unites the CIS countries? In 1991, Russia, Ukraine and Belarus organized the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). This happened on December 8, 1991 in Minsk (the capital of Belarus), after which Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan joined the CIS. Georgia joined the CIS two years later. The agreement signed by all countries extended to 12 CIS countries. The CIS was created so that everyone could cooperate in medicine, science, trade, education, and all countries had to fulfill certain obligations.
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Slide text: CIS bodies Council of Heads of State, Council of Heads of Government, Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, Interstate Economic Council, Inter-Parliamentary Assembly with the center in St. Petersburg, etc. The permanent body of the CIS is the Coordinating and Consultative Committee in Minsk.
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Slide text: What is the CIS for? The main goals of the organization are: cooperation in the political, economic, environmental, humanitarian, cultural and other fields; comprehensive development of the member states within the framework of the common economic space, interstate cooperation and integration; ensuring human rights and freedoms; cooperation in ensuring international peace and security, achieving general and complete disarmament; mutual legal assistance; peaceful resolution of disputes and conflicts between the states of the organization.
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Slide text: The areas of joint activity of the Member States include: ensuring human rights and fundamental freedoms; coordination of foreign policy activities; cooperation in the formation and development of a common economic space, customs policy; cooperation in the development of transport and communications systems; health and environmental protection; issues of social and migration policy; combating organized crime; cooperation in the field of defense policy and protection of external borders
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Slide text: In this regard, the appeal to the state symbols of the member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States is of particular importance. Each nation creates and respects its own national-state symbols. The unity of culture and history of each country is built on the common language of its symbols. Each element of state symbols has the deepest meaning. These symbols reflect the history of the origin of the state, its structure, its goals, principles, national and other traditions, features of the economy and nature. Turning to state symbols, it is important to understand that in addition to its official elements approved as such - the emblem, flag, anthem, there are other significant symbols for each state - the Constitution, the President, historical monuments, etc.
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Slide text: ARMENIA The yerb of the Republic of Armenia is one of the state symbols of the Republic of Armenia. It was adopted on April 19, 1992 by the Supreme Council of Armenia and specified by the law of June 15, 2006. The modern emblem is based on the emblem of the First Republic of Armenia (1918-1920), the authors of which were the architect, academician of the Russian Academy of Arts Alexander Tamanyan and the artist Hakob Kojoyan. The coat of arms consists of the following elements: Shield - in the center - Mount Ararat, which is a symbol of the Armenian nation, on its top Noah's ark, because according to the biblical legend, the ark stopped on this mountain after the flood. The shield is divided into 4 sections, which symbolize the four independent Armenian kingdoms in the history of Armenia: top left - Bagratids, top right - Arsacids, bottom left - Artashesids, bottom right - Rubenids. Lion and Eagle, which support the shield, are the kings of the animal world and symbolize wisdom, pride, patience and nobility. For many centuries they have been symbols of royal families. At the bottom of the shield are five more important elements. A broken chain means freedom and independence, a sword means the power and strength of the nation, ears of wheat - the industrious nature of Armenians, a branch - the intellectual and cultural heritage of the Armenian people. The tricolor ribbon means the flag of the Republic of Armenia. The main color of the emblem of the Republic of Armenia is golden, the kingdoms of historical Armenia: at the top left - red, at the top right - blue, at the bottom left - blue, at the bottom right - red, and Mount Ararat depicted in the center on the shield is orange. The indicated colors symbolize the colors of the flag of the Republic of Armenia. Emblem of the Republic of Armenia - Was adopted on April 19, 1992 by the Supreme Council of Armenia and specified by the law of June 15, 2006. The coat of arms consists of the following elements: Shield - in the center - Mount Ararat, which is a symbol of the Armenian nation, on its top Noah's ark, because according to the biblical legend, the ark stopped on this mountain after the flood. The shield is divided into 4 sections, which symbolize the four independent Armenian kingdoms in the history of Armenia: At the bottom of the shield are five more important elements. A broken chain means freedom and independence, a sword means the power and strength of the nation, ears of wheat - the industrious nature of Armenians, a branch - the intellectual and cultural heritage of the Armenian people. The tricolor ribbon means the flag of the Republic of Armenia. The main color of the emblem of the Republic of Armenia is golden, the kingdoms of historical Armenia: at the top left - red, at the top right - blue, at the bottom left - blue, at the bottom right - red, and Mount Ararat depicted in the center on the shield is orange. The indicated colors symbolize the colors of the flag of the Republic of Armenia.
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Slide text: AZERBAIJAN In the center of the coat of arms is a fire, which symbolizes the word Allah in Arabic. The colors used on the coat of arms are the colors of the national flag of Azerbaijan. The eight-pointed star symbolizes the eight branches of the Turkic people; small eight-pointed stars are depicted between the points of the star. Below is a wreath of ears of wheat and oak branches. A wreath of ears symbolizes wealth, fertility. Oak branches symbolize national military power.
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Slide text: BELARUS The State Emblem of the Republic of Belarus, according to the official description, is a green contour of the Republic of Belarus placed in a silver field in the golden rays of the sun rising over the globe. At the top of the outline is a five-pointed red star. The coat of arms is framed by a wreath of golden ears intertwined with clover flowers on the left, and flax on the right. The ears are three times wrapped on each side with a red-green ribbon (the colors of the Belarusian flag), on which the inscription in gold is made below: "Republic of Belarus". The coat of arms of the Byelorussian SSR was taken as the basis.
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Slide text: KAZAKHSTAN The state emblem of the Republic of Kazakhstan is an image of a shanyrak (upper vaulted part of a yurt) on a blue background, from which uyks (supports) radiate in all directions in the form of sun rays framed by the wings of mythical horses. At the bottom of the coat of arms - the inscription "Kazakhstan". The emblem depicts Tulpar - a mythical horse with wings. The same horses adorn the helmet of the Issyk Golden Man. The wings symbolize the dream of building a strong, prosperous state. They also testify to pure thoughts and the desire to improve and achieve harmony in society, with nature and world civilization. The state emblem of the republic depicts two mythical horses, and they, as it were, protect the shanyrak from two sides. They also vividly express the idea of serving the common home - the Motherland. Protecting the Motherland like the apple of an eye and faithfully serving it is one of the important leitmotifs embedded in the images of mythical horses.
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Slide text: KYRGYZSTAN The coat of arms of Kyrgyzstan is the official state symbol of the Kyrgyz Republic; was approved on January 14, 1994 by a resolution. In the center of the coat of arms against the background of Lake Issyk-Kul and the spurs of Ala-Too, over which the sun rises, there is an image of a white falcon with outstretched wings, symbolizing the freedom and independence of Kyrgyzstan. The silhouette of the sun is a symbol of life, wealth and abundance. Note that this element is given the main place in state symbols. The peaks of the mountains, illuminated by the sun, are similar to the Kyrgyz national headdress "kalpak". In the worldview of nomads, a special place is occupied by the steppe eagle or golden eagle. In the language of symbolism, the silhouette of an eagle means state power, breadth and insight. For the steppes, this is a symbol of freedom, independence, striving for a goal, for heights, a flight into the future.
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Slide text: MOLDOVA The coat of arms of Moldova is a crossed shield, in the upper part of which there is a red field, in the lower part - blue. The head of a bison is depicted in the center of the shield, between the horns of which there is an eight-pointed star, to the right of the head - a five-petal rose, to the left - a crescent moon, turned and slightly tilted to the left. All elements on the shield are golden (yellow). The shield is placed on the chest of an eagle holding a golden cross (crusader eagle) in its beak, in its claws: on the right - a green olive branch, on the left - a golden scepter. The coat of arms of Moldova is located in the center of the flag of Moldova.
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Slide text: RUSSIA The coat of arms of the Russian Federation The coat of arms was adopted on November 30, 1993. Updated description on December 25, 2000. Included in the State Heraldic Register of the Russian Federation No. 3. The State Emblem of the Russian Federation is a quadrangular, with rounded lower corners, pointed at the tip, a red heraldic shield with a golden double-headed eagle that raised its spread wings. The eagle is surmounted by two small crowns and above them by one large crown connected by a ribbon. In the right paw of the eagle is a scepter, in the left - orb. On the chest of the eagle, in a red shield, there is a silver horseman in a blue cloak on a silver horse, striking with a silver spear a black dragon overturned and trampled on his horse.
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Slide text: TAJIKISTAN The State Emblem of the Republic of Tajikistan is an image of a stylized crown and a semicircle of seven stars on it in the rays of the sun rising from behind mountains covered with snow and framed by a crown made up of ears of wheat on the right, cotton branches with open bolls on the left. From above the crown is intertwined with a three-strip ribbon, in the lower sector there is a book on a stand. Date of adoption: December 28, 1993
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Slide text: TURKMENISTAN The state emblem of Turkmenistan is a symbol of the state power of Turkmenistan, which combines the cultural heritage of the founders of the Turkmen people Oguz Khan and the Seljuk dynasty, who created a powerful empire in ancient times and had a significant impact on the development of both the Turkic peoples and the population of Eurasia as a whole. The state emblem of Turkmenistan is an octahedron On a green background of an octahedron around a red circle, the main elements of the national wealth and symbols of the state are depicted: · in the lower part - seven boxes of white cotton with green leaves; · in the middle part - ears of wheat · in the upper part - a crescent moon with five five-pointed white stars.
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Slide text: UZBEKISTAN The coat of arms of Uzbekistan was developed taking into account the centuries-old national and state experience and traditions. Adopted on July 2, 1992 In the center of the emblem there is a Humo bird with outstretched wings - in Uzbek mythology, a symbol of happiness and love of freedom. In the upper part of the emblem there is an octahedron, symbolizing the establishment of the republic, inside - a crescent with a star. The image of the sun symbolizes the light that illuminates the path of the Uzbek state, and also emphasizes the unique natural and climatic conditions of the republic. The two rivers depicted under the bird are the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, which flow through the territory of Uzbekistan. Ears are a symbol of bread, stems with open cotton bolls characterize the main wealth of Uzbekistan. Together, the ears and bolls of cotton, intertwined with the ribbon of the State Flag, symbolize the consolidation of the peoples living in the republic.
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Slide text: UKRAINE A new page in Ukrainian heraldry was opened by the Decree "On the State Emblem of Ukraine" adopted on February 19, 1992 by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, which approved the "Trident as the small coat of arms of Ukraine" and, accordingly, the main element of the large coat of arms. Since the most distant times, the trident has been revered as a magical sign, a kind of amulet. During the time of Kievan Rus, the trident becomes a grand-princely sign. The ambassadors of the Kyiv prince Igor (912-945), when drawing up an agreement with the Byzantines, had their seals with tridents. Prince of Kyiv Vladimir Svyatoslavovich (980-1015) minted a trident on coins, where a portrait of the ruler was depicted on one side, and a trident on the other. The trident symbolized the division of the Universe into heavenly, earthly and otherworldly, the union of the Divine, Fatherly and Motherly - sacred principles, three natural elements - air, water and earth.
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