Global problems. Presentation - global problems of our time Global problems presentation on social science

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Global problems of mankind

By the middle of the 20th century, society for the first time realized that the existence of mankind and the life of man as a biological species are extremely fragile and vulnerable.

Global problems: - Threaten the very existence of man in the future - Affect the interests of all mankind as a whole - Can be solved only by collective actions of all peoples - Require urgent action

Global problems at the beginning of the 21st century: Spiritual crisis The threat of a world war with the use of weapons mass destruction exhaustion natural resources planet Uneven socio-economic development of countries and regions Mass diseases Growth of terrorism Deepening of the ecological crisis Demographic problem

3. Spiritual imperfection of a person 2. Controversy historical development cultures and civilizations 4. Objective natural processes taking place on Earth 1. Objective natural processes taking place in Space Common causes of global problems

Spiritual transformation of humanity, the development of a new planetary-cosmic thinking and a humanistic worldview focused on universal values, moral, environmental and cultural priorities

The spiritual crisis is manifested in the destruction of the spiritual foundations of the personality and the growth of many destructive social phenomena: loss of the meaning of life and ethical guidelines drunkenness and drug addiction the desire of many people exclusively for material enrichment and sensual pleasures crime and violence mass stress and mental illness social selfishness and intolerance, etc.

Measures to Overcome a Spiritual Crisis 1. Appeal to inner world man and his spiritual principles 2. Dissemination of spiritual teachings 3. Education and science 4. High art

Mass diseases Cardiac diseases (diseases of the cardiovascular system) Oncological diseases Infectious diseases mental illness

Reasons for the growth of diseases Improper lifestyle and nutrition Environmental pollution Stress and inability to control and manage the body's neuro-emotional reactions Sexual deviations

Ways to solve the problem of the growth of diseases Popularization healthy lifestyle life, proper nutrition, balanced physical and mental activity, systems of natural prevention and recovery Development of new special methods of medical therapy: vaccines against AIDS, pacemakers, etc.

The Threat of World War with Weapons of Mass Destruction War with weapons of mass destruction levels the winners and the losers. High radiation, environmental poisoning, "nuclear winter" will put everyone in the same conditions - on the verge of life and death.

Depletion of the Earth's natural resources In the 20th century, mankind for the first time realized the threat of depletion of the Earth's natural resources - oil, coal, reserves pure water, forest and fertile areas, fish, etc. If the use of raw materials will increase, society in the XXI century. may face complete depletion of resources

Ecological crisis Ecological crisis exists Negative influence human activity on nature. The consequences are manifested in the poisoning of land, water and air industrial waste, in the destruction of the planet's ozone layer and sustainable ecological systems.

Solutions to the environmental problem: 1. Changing the attitude of people towards the environment 2. Construction treatment facilities in production 3. Replacement of thermal power plants and internal combustion engine with environmentally friendly analogues 4. Reduction of carbon dioxide and freon emissions into the atmosphere

The demographic problem The essence of the demographic problem lies in the extremely high population growth rates in some countries and regions of the planet (China, India, South America). Total population the globe is rapidly increasing.

Demographic processes of our time: population explosion; multidirectional demographic processes in different regions of the world; the threat of depopulation of some peoples; population aging in some countries; an increasing share of the poor.

Ways to solve the demographic problem (population decline) 1. Preservation and strengthening of the physical, mental and spiritual health of the nation 2. Preservation and restoration of natural systems: the formation and consistent implementation of a unified public policy in the field of ecology aimed at protecting the environment and rational use natural resources 3. Ensuring state support family, motherhood and childhood 4. Recreation of conditions for the upbringing of a physically and morally healthy generation 5. Creation of conditions for the realization of the creative potential of young people 6. Reconstruction of the system of career guidance and vocational training 7. Ensuring care for homeless children and orphans

Ways to solve the demographic problem (overpopulation) Birth control (introduction of “family planning” programs): - legislative increase in the age of marriage - clarification of the advantages of a small family - health education of the population - counseling on family planning - stimulation of small families with the help of various economic and administrative measures Colonization That is, the settlement of vacant lands

The problem of terrorism and violence Terrorism is illegal public actions aimed at intimidating the population in order to achieve political goals.

Conditions for solving global problems Socio-political integration The international cooperation Development of science Development of economy Development of a new, ethically, environmentally and culturally oriented worldview

Prepared by: Sokolova V. A. Group No. 12211

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Main questions:

1. The crisis of attitude towards nature is an environmental problem (exhaustibility of natural resources, irreversible changes in the environment).
2. Economic crisis - overcoming the backwardness of developing countries (it is necessary to help reduce the gap in the level economic development between the developed countries of the West and the developing countries of the "Third World").
3. Political crisis (destructive development of many conflicts, ethnic and racial conflicts as an expression of the uncontrollability of social processes; the task of mankind is to prevent the threat of world war and fight against international terrorism).
4. The crisis of human survival conditions (depletion of food resources, energy, drinking water, clean air, reserves min. substances).
5. The demographic crisis is a population problem (uneven and uncontrolled population growth in developing countries; stabilization of the demographic situation on the planet is required).
6. Thermo threat nuclear war(arms race, pollution caused by testing nuclear weapons, the genetic implications of these tests, unmanaged development nuclear technologies, the possibility of thermonuclear terrorism at the interstate level).
7. The problem of health protection, prevention of the spread of AIDS, drug addiction.
8. The crisis of human spirituality (ideological breakdown, loss of moral values, addiction to alcohol and drugs). Increasing importance in last decade acquires a revival of cultural and moral values.

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Global problems of our time
- problems affecting all people on Earth

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Environmental problems
"The road of civilization is paved tin cans» (Alberto Moravia, writer)
1. Atmospheric pollution with harmful gases (the problem of big cities)
2. Technogenic disasters as a result of human activities: - accidents at gas stations - oil spills - explosions in warehouses with chemicals, etc.

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3. Intrusion into nature has the following negative consequences: - droughts - landslides - floods - global warming- soil depletion

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Waste - substances (or mixtures of substances) recognized as unsuitable for further use within the framework of existing technologies, or after domestic use products. The amount of waste produced by humans is on the rise geometric progression.
Waste

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Mankind has been cutting down forests for a long time, reclaiming land from the forest for Agriculture and just for getting firewood. Later, a person had a need to create infrastructure (cities, roads) and mining, which spurred the process of deforestation of territories. However main reason deforestation is to increase the need for food, that is, the area of ​​​​grazing and planting crops, both permanent and replaceable.
Deforestation

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The rapid growth of the world's population. Reduction and scarcity of natural resources
We are already almost 7 billion people!
The real threat of exhaustion of many the most important types raw materials (oil, gas) Resource starvation may occur 2. Lack of drinking water is one of the most dangerous problems.

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Growth of the Earth

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Scientists have proven that the Earth's biosphere can contain only 1 billion people. Every day, the land mass increases by 200,000 people, which leads to an increase in the use of resources and exacerbates the problem of employment, housing, food products. The circle closes: Increasing waste, pollution, deforestation. Lack of jobs breeds poverty and development bad habits.
The law of hyperbolic growth of the population of the Earth

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international security
6, 9 August 1945. Hiroshima and Nagasaki
weapons of mass destruction

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Nuclear weapons are a danger to all mankind. Major states those who own nuclear weapons are forced to confirm their strength by increasing their number, although the explosion of even one bomb instantly destroys hundreds of thousands of people, and pollutes a vast territory with radioactive emissions, making it uninhabitable, changes the human genome, providing mutations and deformities in newborn children through decades after the explosion, which could lead to the degeneration of mankind.
Nuclear weapon

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Terrorism (lat. terror - fear, horror), is aimed at the mass destruction of the civilian population, creates an atmosphere of fear in society.
Terrorism

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Poverty in the modern world
Millions of people in Asia and Africa exist on the brink of survival

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Poverty is a fundamental global problem facing the world community. It has a detrimental effect on the economy, social relations, politics, culture. Poverty and backwardness are characteristic primarily of the third world, but this does not make the problem less relevant in relation to highly developed states. The failure of the majority poorest countries break out of poverty on their own made the problem of poverty universal.
The link between poverty and other global threats and risks – illegal migration, international terrorism, and the growth of transnational crime – is being consolidated. A poverty-stricken existence, unsanitary conditions, and chronic diseases are also dangerous for residents of rich countries (HIV, Ebola, SARS and other pandemics).

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Drugs cause both physical and psychological dependence. Irresistible attraction is associated with mental (psychological) and sometimes physical (physiological) dependence on drugs. Physical dependence means painful, and even painful sensations, a painful state during a break in the constant use of drugs (the so-called withdrawal syndrome, withdrawal). These sensations are temporarily relieved by the resumption of drug use.
Addiction

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Lesson topic: Global problems The presentation was prepared by: Meshcheryakova E.V. MBOU VSOSH №3 Lipetsk

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Plan 1. The concept of "global problems" 2. Causes of global problems 3. Environmental problems 4. nuclear threat 5. Demographic problem 6. Energy problem 7. What awaits humanity in the future?

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The global problems of humanity are problems that concern all of humanity. No state is able to cope with these problems.

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Causes of global problems 1. The huge scale of human activity, which has radically changed nature, society, people's way of life. 2. The inability of humanity to rationally dispose of the mighty force of progress.

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Peculiarities Are planetary in nature Threaten the death of all mankind Require the collective efforts of the world community

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Classification of global problems Political Environmental Social Economic Emergence of local conflicts « Greenhouse effect» Demographic situation Food problem Danger of nuclear war Pollution of the atmosphere and waters of the oceans Contradictions between the "north" and "south" Economic crises Differences political systems « The ozone hole» Terrorism Resource Depletion

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Environmental issues Thinning of the ozone layer and increased influx of ultraviolet radiation. Air pollution carbon dioxide and other human waste. Soil erosion, salinization and waterlogging. Deforestation, especially in equatorial regions. Pollution of the hydrosphere (world ocean waters)

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Nuclear threat Over the past 5.5 thousand. 14,500 wars have taken place over the years, in which 4 billion people died. The nuclear threat to mankind arose in the middle of the twentieth century. During these years, the US and the USSR launched a nuclear arms race, balancing on the brink of war. Such a danger has decreased, but not completely disappeared, because. at the beginning of the 21st century, the possibility of using nuclear weapons arose. There are several groups of potential sources of challenges and threats: - officially recognized nuclear states (USA, Russia, France, Great Britain and China); - unrecognized nuclear states that openly declared the presence of nuclear weapons (India and Pakistan); - states that possess nuclear weapons, but do not officially admit it (Israel); - states without nuclear status, but having the motivation to possess nuclear weapons and the scientific and technological potential necessary for this (DPRK, Iran); .

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Demographic problem As early as the end of the 18th century. the English priest Malthus put forward the theory (Malthusianism). According to this theory, the well-being of workers under capitalism is determined by the "natural law of population", which is determined by the fact that the population of the world grows exponentially, and the growth of production - only arithmetic. The number of earthlings has already exceeded 7 billion. The increase in the population is in the countries of the "third world" (India, China, Brazil, Mexico, etc.)

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Demographic problem Demography registers a decline in the indigenous population in developed countries West due to a sharp decline in the birth rate. The birth rate in Europe has dropped to 1.34 children per woman. The birth rate required for simple population replacement is 2.1 births per woman. The following forecasts can be read in the press: “Europe is disappearing as a socio-cultural organism, by 2050 it will be reduced by 100 million people” (excluding immigration - by 120 million)”. All Western countries are trying to make up for the decline in the birth rate by replacing migration - "importing people." The European record is held by Switzerland, where every fifth inhabitant is a foreigner. There are 10 million Turks living in Germany, but, according to UN demographers, by 2050 the country's population will decrease from 82 to 58.8 million people.

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Energy problem The history of civilization is the history of the invention of more and more new methods of energy conversion. The first jump in the growth of energy consumption occurred when people learned how to make fire and use it to cook and heat their homes. During this period, firewood and the muscular strength of a person served as sources of energy. The next important stage is associated with the invention of the wheel, the creation of various tools, and the development of blacksmithing. By the 15th century, medieval man, using draft animals, water and wind power, firewood and a small amount of coal, was already consuming about 10 times more than primitive man. AT modern society I use nuclear energy, gas, oil. Today, the production of oil, gas and other minerals is increasing every year. According to the forecast of scientists, at the current rate of development of minerals, there will be enough for only a hundred years.

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Ways to solve global problems Solving problems is an urgent task for all mankind. There are the following ways to solve the global problems of our time: 1. Curb the arms race, prohibit the creation and use of weapons systems of mass destruction, human and material resources, the elimination of nuclear weapons, etc.; 2. Economical use of natural resources and reduction of pollution by waste material production of soil, water and air; 3. Decreasing the rate of population growth in developing countries and overcoming the demographic crisis in developed capitalist countries; 4. To solve the food problem, it is necessary to use biotechnology, new high-yielding varieties, further development mechanization, chemicalization and melioration.

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Conclusion - Global problems are a challenge to the human mind. It is impossible to get away from them. They can only be overcome by the efforts of all countries through cooperation. - Each person must realize that Mankind is on the verge of death, and whether we survive or not depends on each of us.