Sad news about an Arab prince. Prince from the oriental tale Sheikh Rashid bin Said al Maktoum

Officially, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, Commander-in-Chief of the UAE Armed Forces.

In fact, the emir of Abu Dhabi, the president of the UAE.

Third son of Sheikh Zayed. An interesting point is that he and Khalifa are stepbrothers. Khalifa was born to his first wife, Hassa bint Mohammed ibn Khalifa. Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed was born to his third wife, Fatima bint Mubarak Al-Ketbi.

Sheikhini Fatima bint-Mubarak Al-Ketbi had only 6 sons: Mohammed, Hamdan, Hazza, Tanun, Mansur and Abdullah. They are called "Bani Fatima" or "sons of Fatima" and form the most powerful bloc in the Al Nahyan family.

The sons of Fatima have always been influential, some political scientists even assign them a leading role in the changes in Abu Dhabi that have taken place since 2004. They received full power only in 2014, when Sheikh Khalifa had a stroke. Now it is difficult to say whether the vector of their domestic and foreign policy will change. Wait and see.

Mohammed bin Zayed went to school in Al Ain, then in Abu Dhabi. Entered Sandhurst Academy (UK) in 1979. Trained in military skills of piloting a helicopter, driving armored vehicles, parachuting. After returning from England, military training in Sharjah, became an officer in the UAE Armed Forces.

He was an officer in the Amiri Guards (an elite unit), a pilot in the UAE Air Force, and eventually became the Commander-in-Chief of the UAE Armed Forces.

In 2003, he was proclaimed the second Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi. After the death of his father on November 2, 2004, he became crown prince. Since December 2004, Chairman of the Executive Council of Abu Dhabi, member of the Supreme Petroleum Council.

So far, world leaders and political scientists are eyeing Sheikh Mohammed. He is known to believe that the UAE should play much big role in world politics. He loves falconry, like his father. He is interested in poetry and writes poetry himself in the Nabati style.

Sheikha Fatima bint-Mubarak Al-Ketbi

The third wife of Sheikh Zayed, the mother of six of his sons, including Crown Prince Mohammed (the de facto ruler of Abu Dhabi and President of the UAE).

This woman played a big role in UAE politics during the reign of her husband Sheikh Zayed and remains very influential to this day. She is called the "Mother of the Nation".

The exact date of her birth is unknown. She was probably born in the mid-40s. In the 60s, she married Zaid Al-Nahyan, becoming his third wife.

In 1973, she founded the Abu Dhabi Women's Awakening Society, the first women's community organization in the UAE. In 1975, she created and headed the Main Women's Union of the UAE. The main sphere of interest of these organizations was education, because at that time girls in the UAE did not study at all. In 2004, Fatima facilitated the appointment of the first female minister.

Now she still heads the Main Women's Union, the Supreme Council for Motherhood and Childhood, the Family Development Foundation and several other organizations. And this despite the advanced age! Naturally, Fatima has a gigantic influence on the politics of Sheikh Mohammed and the affairs of Bani Fatima.

Dubai

The emirate of Dubai is ruled by the Al Muktum family.

Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Muktum

Ruling Emir (officially since January 4, 2006, actually since January 3, 1995), Prime Minister and Vice President of the UAE since February 11, 2006.

Sheikh Mohammed is called the "Architect of Modern Dubai". It's very versatile educated person and now the most famous leader in the UAE.

Mohammed became the third son of the ruler of Dubai, Sheikh Rashid ibn Said Al Muktum. His mother Lafita was the daughter of the ruler of Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Hamadan ibn Zayed Al Nahyan. As a child, Muhammad received both a secular and a traditional Islamic education. In 1966 (at the age of 18) he studied in the UK at cadet corps Mons and in Italy for the pilot.

In 1968, Mohammed attended his father's meeting with Sheikh Zayed at Argoub el Sedira, where the rulers of Dubai and Abu Dhabi agreed on the imminent establishment of the UAE. After the formation of the UAE, he was the Minister of Defense and the head of the police in Dubai.

On October 7, 1990, Mohammed's father and ruler of Dubai, Sheikh Rashid ibn Said, died. Power passed to the eldest son - Sheikh Muktum ibn Rashid, who was very fond of equestrian sports, was an excellent athlete, but did not reach for politics and government.

On January 4, 1995, Muktum ibn Rashid appoints Mohammed as crown prince and, in fact, transfers power to him in the emirate of Dubai. On January 4, 2006, Muktum ibn Rashid died of a heart attack, Mohammed ibn Rashid becomes the official ruler of Dubai.

The list of achievements of Muhammad ibn Rashid is huge. He diversified the economy of Dubai, now oil revenues account for only 4% of the emirate's GDP, Dubai has become a shopping mecca, second only to London, the largest trading and financial center.

With his support or on his initiative, the following were created: the Emirates airline, the Palm and World artificial islands, the world's largest artificial harbor Jebel Ali, the Dubai Internet City zone and hundreds of other projects.

He became famous for his raids on enterprises, where he personally checked whether employees were in their places, and fired those who were absent. Sheikh Mohammed ibn Rashid is famous for his intolerance of corruption, and hundreds of officials were imprisoned for his rule, convicted of taking bribes and using their position for personal gain.

Now (note: the article was updated in the fall of 2019), he is already 70 years old, but he is full of energy and is successfully implementing his plan for the development of Dubai until 2021. He recently took part in the Arab Strategic Forum, and you can’t say that he is 70.

Hamdan bin Mohammed bin Rashid al Maktoum is the 35-year-old heir to the throne of the Emirate of Dubai. Sheikh Hamdan is a real eastern prince: he is fabulously handsome, owns a huge fortune and is fond of such typical royalty things like falconry, equestrianism and Formula 1 racing. His fortune is estimated at over 18 billion dollars.

Let's tell you about the life of a young billionaire.

1. Arab Sheikh Hamdan lives in incredible luxury from birth. He was born in the family of the Vice President and Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates, the ruler of the Emirate of Dubai, Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum. He also has 6 brothers and 9 sisters. In the United Arab Emirates, Hamdan is a very popular person due to his versatile image and seeming "proximity to the people."

2. In fact, Hamdan spent most of his life not in his native Arab Emirates, but in the UK, where he received an excellent education. At first he studied at an elite military school ground forces in Sandhurst, which is often chosen by English aristocrats for their beloved children. Then the sheikh moved to London, where he studied economics. After several years spent in Foggy Albion, Hamdan still had to return to his homeland - things were already waiting there national importance.

4. In ordinary life, Sheikh Hamdan looks a little different - he loves Formula 1 baseball caps, sports t-shirts and shorts. Yes, and the prince is to some extent far from politics - he is quite romantic in nature, loves travel, falconry and horseback riding.

5. The prince is an excellent rider, takes equestrianism very seriously, has his own stable and once won the Arab Olympic Games due to his skill in the saddle.

6. Sheikh of the United Arab Emirates does not look at all like British princes Harry or William, although he lived in England for several years. Very little is known about Hamdan's personal life, unlike his famous "colleagues", and what is known is only rumors and conjectures. One thing we know for sure - the image makers of the royal court are constantly working to ensure that the image of the sheikh is impeccable.

7. Judge for yourself - Sheikh Hamdan is constantly photographed with children, his numerous nephews and nieces, and at the same time looks like a completely charming and kind uncle. At the same time, the sheikh does not let anyone forget that he lives in luxury - on the net you can find a lot of pictures of Hamdan with tiger cubs (he can afford to have a pet tiger instead of a modest cat!), Falcons, Arabian horses, luxury cars, in interiors magnificent palace ... In a word, the sheikh is constantly in the halo of power and wealth.

8. Of course, one of the richest people in the world cannot help but do charity work - Hamdan oversees several foundations, and sometimes he comes to visit people in need of help.

9. About his personal life and relationships with women in the UAE, they speak only in a whisper. Answering a question about his possible marriage, the prince said that from birth he was engaged to a maternal relative, so there were no problems with choosing a bride - everything was decided long before he even entered a conscious age. Several times in the media appeared his photo with an unknown woman, but we will never see her face - the alleged bride (or wife?) of Hamdan wears a black cloak, showing the world only her eyes. Everything else is for the husband.

10. However, the sheikh has the right to have as many wives as he wants, so it is rather difficult to talk about the romantic affections of the prince. For comparison, Hamdan's father, Sheikh Mohammed, is rumored to have about five wives. We say "about" because the exact number is really unknown - there are only eyewitness accounts and conjectures.

In a word, even girls from aristocratic families have no way to approach the mysterious eastern prince, since everything connected with his personality is confidential information, and the choice of wives by the influential Hamdan clan is unlikely to be left to his own discretion. This does not prevent the sheikh from having a lot of fans of his attractive appearance and various talents - after all, no one forbade watching and believing!

11. The 32-year-old Sheikh currently serves as Chairman of the Dubai City Council and President of the Sports Committee of the Emirate of Dubai.

12. Like his father, Sheikh Hamdan writes poetry. The main motives of poetry are family, homeland, romantic relationships.

13. The prince is a skilled rider. He received gold medal horseback riding at the Asian Games.

14. Also, his highness is fond of breeding camels, which requires considerable expenses.

Hundreds of people die every day in the hot spots of the Middle East, but it so happened that the recent death of just one person from this region attracted the attention of all world media. One of the richest Arab noble families is going through grief - Sheikh Rashid ibn Mohammed al-Maktoum died untimely. He was the eldest in the family of Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum, the second most important and influential person in the political hierarchy of the United Arab Emirates. Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum serves as the Emir of Dubai and is also the Prime Minister, Vice President and Minister of Defense of the UAE. His eldest son Rashid was only 33 years old - he did not live a month and a half before his 34th birthday. Rashid's younger brother Hamdan al-Maktoum wrote on his page in in social networks: "Today I lost my best friend and childhood friend, dear brother Rashid. We will miss you." World funds mass media It was reported that Rashid died of a heart attack. Of course, thirty-four years is not an age for death. But, no matter how sad, all people are mortal and it happens that suddenly and prematurely. But the death of Sheikh Rashid attracted the attention of the world community not by chance. However, first things first.

Masters of Dubai

The al-Maktoum dynasty is one of the most influential noble Bedouin families on the coast. Persian Gulf. Maktums come from the powerful Arab clan al-Abu-Falah (al-Falahi), which, in turn, belongs to the Beni-Yas tribal federation, which has dominated the territory of modern Arab Emirates since the middle of the 18th century. In the 19th century, the southwestern coast of the Persian Gulf increasingly attracted the attention of Great Britain, which sought to strengthen its military and commercial positions in the southern seas. The growing British presence in the Persian Gulf hindered Arab maritime trade, but the local sheikhs and emirates were not in a position to hinder the largest maritime power. Back in 1820, the British East India Company forced the rulers of the seven Arab emirates to sign the "General Treaty", as a result of which the territory of Oman was divided into the Imamate of Oman, the Sultanate of Muscat and the Pirate Coast. British military bases were located here, and the emirs were made dependent on the British political agent. In 1833, the al-Abu-Falah clan migrated from the territory of modern Saudi Arabia to the coast, belonging to which the Maktoum clan seized power in the city of Dubai and proclaimed the creation of an independent emirate of Dubai. Provided access to the sea economic development Dubai, which has become one of the important ports of the Persian Gulf coast. At the end of the 19th century, British diplomats managed to achieve the conclusion of an “Exclusive Agreement” between the sheikhs of Trucial Oman, as the territory of the modern UAE was previously called, with Great Britain. It was signed in March 1892. Among the sheikhs who signed the agreement was the then ruler of Dubai, Sheikh Rashid ibn Maktoum (1886-1894). Since the signing of the "Exclusive Agreement", a British protectorate has been established over Trucial Oman. Sheikhs, including representatives of the al-Maktoum dynasty, were deprived of the right to conduct international negotiations and conclude agreements with other states, to cede, sell or lease parts of their territories to other states or foreign companies.

First half of the 20th century became a turning point for the emirates of the Persian Gulf, which predetermined those cardinal changes that occurred in their lives subsequently. The once backward desert lands, with a small population, faithful to the traditional way of life and customs, received a tremendous impetus for development - huge oil reserves were discovered in the Persian Gulf. Naturally, this immediately attracted the attention of the British authorities, who established control over the granting of permits by the sheikhs for exploration and exploitation of oil fields in the region. However, until the 1950s there was virtually no oil production in the region, and the Arab Emirates still received most of the income from the pearl trade. But after the oil fields nevertheless began to be exploited, the standard of living in the emirates began to rise rapidly. The well-being of the sheikhs themselves increased many times over, and they gradually turned into one of the richest inhabitants of the planet. Unlike many other states of the Arab East, there was practically no national liberation struggle in the emirates of the Persian Gulf. The sheikhs were already satisfied with the growing prosperity, especially since they had the opportunity to educate their offspring in the UK, and purchase real estate there. In 1968, Great Britain, nevertheless, decided on the gradual withdrawal of British military units from the countries of the Persian Gulf. Sheikhs and emirs decided to create the Federation of Arab Emirates of the Persian Gulf. On February 18, 1968, the Emir of Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan al-Nahyan and the Sheikh of Dubai, Rashid ibn Said al-Maktoum, met and agreed to create a federation of Abu Dhabi and Dubai. On December 2, 1971, the rulers of Sharjah, Ajman, Fujairah and Umm al-Qaiwain joined the emirs of Abu Dhabi and Dubai and signed the constitution of the United Arab Emirates. Dubai has become the second most important emirate, and therefore its rulers have secured the second most important position in the country. From 1971 to 1990 The emirate was ruled by Rashid ibn Said, under whom the rapid development of the Dubai economy took place. The city began to be built up with modern skyscrapers, the World Trade Center was founded, work began on clearing coastal waters and development of the seaport. Dubai has turned from an archaic Arab town into a super modern city, the infrastructure of which was beyond the power of the indigenous people to maintain. Therefore, Dubai was flooded with foreign labor migrants - immigrants from Pakistan, Bangladesh, countries of North and North-East Africa. It is they who are currently the main "working link" of the population of both Dubai and other constituent parts UAE. After Sheikh Rashid ibn Said died in October 1990, his eldest son Maktoum ibn Rashid al-Maktoum (1943-2006) was proclaimed the new Emir of Dubai, who ruled for 16 years.

The current Emir of Dubai is Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum. He was born in 1949, educated in London, and after the independence of Dubai, he was appointed chief of police of the emirate and commander of the defense forces. In 1995, Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid appointed his younger brother Mohammed bin Rashid as Crown Prince of Dubai. At the same time, Mohammed began to exercise the actual leadership of the city of Dubai itself, making a great contribution to its economic development. One of the merits of Mohammed ibn Rashid is the development of Dubai air communication. In the 1970s Sheikh Mohammed, then head of the Dubai Defense Forces and the UAE Ministry of Defense, was also responsible for the development of the country's civil aviation. It was with his direct participation that Dubai airlines were created, including FlyDubai. Mohammed also owned the idea of ​​building the world's largest hotel, Burj Al Arab, which is part of the Jumeirah tourist group, which in turn is an integral part of Dubai Holding. At present, the Emirati civil Aviation carries out air transportation all over the world, but first of all - to the Arab countries and the countries of South Asia. Under the leadership of Sheikh Mohammed in 1999, the creation of Dubai Internet City, a free economic zone in the emirate, was carried out. That is, the contribution of the current ruler to the development of his country is very significant, although the emir also never forgot about his own well-being. After Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid died during a visit to Australia in 2006, Mohammed succeeded to the throne of Dubai. He accordingly proclaimed his eldest son Rashid as heir to the throne.

Sheikh Rashid - from succession to the throne to disgrace

Sheikh Rashid ibn Mohammed ibn Rashid al-Maktoum was born on November 12, 1981 to Sheikh Mohammed ibn Rashid al-Maktoum and his first wife Hind bint Maktoum bin Yuma al-Maktoum, with whom Mohammed ibn Rashid performed the ceremony of marriage in 1979. Childhood Rashida passed in the rich emir's palace, then - in elite school for boys named after Sheikh Rashid in Dubai. In this school, education is built on the basis of British standards - after all, the elite of the Emirates then sends their offspring to receive higher education in the UK. As a rule, the children of sheikhs receive a military education, since for a real Bedouin only military service is considered worthy. The hero of our article was no exception. Prince Rashid was sent to study at the famous Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst, where the sons of many high-ranking persons from Asian and African states that were once British colonies and protectorates study. In particular, the current Emir of Qatar, the Sultan of Oman, the King of Bahrain and the Sultan of Brunei studied at Sandhurst.

After returning to his homeland, Rashid gradually learned the duties of an emir, as his father prepared him for the role of heir and was going to eventually transfer to him the duties of the ruler of Dubai and the prime minister of the UAE. It seemed that the future of young Rashid was predetermined - it was he who would replace his father Mohammed on the throne of the ruler of Dubai. Naturally, the attention of the world secular press was also riveted to one of the richest and most famous young people on the planet. But just over seven years ago, the situation for Rashid changed dramatically. On February 1, 2008, Sheikh Mohammed appointed his second son, Hamdan bin Mohammed, as Crown Prince of Dubai. Another son - Maktoum ibn Mohammed - was appointed to the post of Deputy Ruler of Dubai. The eldest son Rashid ibn Mohammed officially announced his abdication from the throne. Moreover, he did not receive a single important post in the government of the emirate of Dubai - neither in the army, nor in the police, nor in civilian structures. Moreover, Rashid practically ceased to appear with his father in front of television cameras, but his brother Hamdan increasingly became the hero of television reports and newspaper publications. This testified to a real disgrace, into which, for some reason, yesterday's heir to the emir's throne, Rashid, fell. Journalists around the world began to wonder what is the reason for the sudden decision of Sheikh Mohammed to remove his eldest son from the role of heir to the throne.

When the Wikileaks documents were published, among them was a telegram from the US Consul General in Dubai, David Williams, in which he informed his leadership of the changes in the succession to the emir's throne. According to Williams, the reason for the disgrace of Sheikh Rashid was the last crime committed - the eldest son of the emir allegedly killed one of the servants in the emir's palace. Father Sheikh Mohammed for this reason was very angry with his son and removed him from succession to the throne. Of course, the criminal prosecution of Sheikh Rashid never came, but he was removed from leadership positions in the emirate. We note once again that this is unconfirmed information, therefore there is no reason to believe it unconditionally, but it cannot be ruled out that the everyday behavior of the heir to the throne could serve as one of the reasons for the deterioration of his relationship with his father and, as a result, disgrace and removal from succession to the throne . The media did a great job promoting his younger brother Hamdan. Hamdan was reported to be a very athletic person, a diver and skydiving enthusiast. In addition, Hamdan loves animals and keeps lions and white tigers in his personal zoo, loves falconry. He is a rider and an excellent driver, a yachtsman and even a poet who writes his poems under the pseudonym Fuzza. Hamdan is positioned as a philanthropist who organizes donations to the disabled, sick children and the poor. Naturally, the secular press immediately dubbed Hamdan one of the most enviable suitors. modern world. However, there were very good reasons for this - Hamdan is really a fabulously rich man, his fortune reaches 18 billion dollars (this is 9 times more than the fortune of his late elder brother Rashid). Apparently, Hamdan also has a calmer disposition than his older brother - at least, there are no scandals with his participation. Obviously, this circumstance influenced the decision of Sheikh Mohammed to make Hamdan the heir.

What happened to Sheikh Rashid?

After the disgrace, Sheikh Rashid ibn Mohammed completely went into the world of sports and other entertainment. We should give him his due - as a rider, he really was not bad. The surname al-Maktoum traditionally had a great interest in equestrian sports, and Rashid owned Zabeel Racing International Corporation. But he acted not only as the organizer of the races, but also as their direct participant. Rashid had 428 medals won in various competitions in the emirates and other countries. He received two gold medals at the Asian Games, held in 2006 in Doha - back when Rashid was heir to the throne. In 2008-2010 Rashid headed the Olympic Committee of the United Arab Emirates, but then left this position as well. He explained his resignation from the post of president of the committee by the lack of free time and the related impossibility of fully fulfilling the duties of the head of this structure. In 2011, public attention turned out to be riveted to another scandal related to the behavior of members of the emir's family. As you know, the sheikhs have real estate not only in the emirates, but also abroad, including in the UK. This property is serviced by hired personnel, among which are not only citizens of the UAE, but also workers from other countries. One of the UK courts received a lawsuit from an African named Olantunji Faleye. Mr. Faley, an Anglican by religion, worked for some time in the British residence of the al-Maktoum family. He told the court that family members referred to him only as "al-abd al-aswad" - "black slave", speaking contemptuously about Faleyya's race, and also insulted Christianity and tried to persuade the worker to convert to Islam. Faleye considered this racial and religious discrimination, and therefore appealed to the British judiciary. Another former employee of the emir's residence named Ejil Mohammed Ali, who under oath told the court that Sheikh Rashid allegedly suffers from drug addiction and recently (at the time of the trial) was undergoing rehabilitation from the consequences of drug abuse, acted as a witness at the court hearings. It is likely that Rashid's dependence, if any, could also be one of the reasons why Sheikh Mohammed removed his eldest son from succession.

If the rumors about addiction are true, then death at the age of 33 from a heart attack can be easily explained. Indeed, under the wording "heart attack" in this case, both an ordinary overdose and a real failure of the heart as a result of many years of drug use could be hidden. But everything turned out to be even more confusing. Almost immediately after the death of Sheikh Rashid, the Iranian media (and Iran, as you know, is the main opponent of Saudi Arabia and its ally the UAE in the Islamic world and the Middle East) reported that the prince did not die of a heart attack. He died in Yemen - in the province of Marib, in the central part of the country. Allegedly, Rashid and the officers and soldiers of the United Arab Emirates army accompanying him came under fire. rocket artillery Houthis - Yemeni rebels fighting against supporters of the ousted President Abd-Rabbo Mansour Hadi and the armed forces of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and some other states of the region acting on their side. After the news of the death of Rashid, the UAE authorities chose to hide this fact from the population of the country. Apparently, the report of death from a heart attack, which caused a lot of rumors and conjectures, up to explaining the death as the consequences of drug use, nevertheless seemed more acceptable to the Dubai authorities than the statement about the death of Rashid in battle. It would seem that the heroic death of a young sheikh would only raise the authority of the emir's family, but in reality everything is not so simple. The authorities of the UAE, like other states of the Persian Gulf, are very afraid of popular unrest.

Emirates - a country of rich natives and poor migrants

The socio-economic situation of these states, despite the untold oil wealth, is gradually deteriorating, which is associated, among other things, with the formation of an extremely polarized and explosive society. The well-being of the UAE, like other oil-producing monarchies of the Persian Gulf, is based not only on oil production, but also on the brutal exploitation of foreign labor migrants who work in almost all areas of the country's economy. Migrants make up at least 85-90% of the total population of the United Arab Emirates, while not having any rights. All social benefits and economic wealth of the UAE are concentrated in the hands of the ruling family of sheikhs al-Maktoum and the indigenous people of the country - representatives of the Arab Bedouin tribes. The indigenous population is only 10-15% of the total population of the UAE. It turns out that the emirates can only very conditionally be called Arab, since the vast majority of their inhabitants, albeit temporary ones, are not Arabs. The bulk of migrants arrive in the UAE from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Sri Lanka. These people, who come from overpopulated countries with very high unemployment, are willing to work for 150-300 US dollars a month, living in poverty and subjected to total police control. The majority of construction and port workers in the UAE are male migrants. Among immigrants from India, residents of the southern states predominate - primarily representatives of the Dravidian peoples of Telugu and Tamils. As for the militant Punjabis and Sikhs from North India, the UAE government prefers not to mess with them, so it is extremely reluctant to grant them work permits. Among the Pakistanis, the bulk of migrants are Baloch - this people inhabits the south-west of Pakistan, geographically closest to the Persian Gulf. Women work in the service and healthcare sectors. Thus, 90% of nurses in healthcare institutions in the UAE are citizens of the Philippines.

Against the backdrop of Indians, Pakistanis and Filipinos, there are very few in the UAE who come from other, poorer Arab states. It would seem that it is much easier to accept Arabs, with whom there are no language and cultural barriers, than Indians or Filipinos, but the UAE government has been working since the 1980s. took a conscious course towards the maximum restriction of immigration from Arab countries. Note that the UAE does not accept Syrian refugees either. This is explained by the fact that the authorities of the UAE, like other monarchies of the Persian Gulf, suspect the Arabs of political disloyalty. Many Arabs from poor states are carriers of radical ideologies - from fundamentalism to revolutionary socialism, which the emirates do not like very much. After all, "foreign" Arabs are able to influence the political views and behavior of the local Arab population. In addition, the Arabs will more confidently defend their labor rights, they can demand citizenship. Finally, the authorities of the Persian Gulf countries decided to put an end to the issue of the placement of Arab immigrants after the events of 1990, when Iraq tried to annex the territory of neighboring Kuwait. Kuwait had a large community of Palestinians who were called by Yasser Arafat, the leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization, to cooperate with the Iraqi army. In addition, the policy of Saddam Hussein was supported by Arabs from other states, who sympathized with the national socialist views of the Baath Party. The events in Kuwait caused the mass deportation from the Persian Gulf countries of more than 800,000 people from Yemen, 350,000 Palestinian Arabs, and many thousands of citizens of Iraq, Syria and Sudan. It should be noted that all the listed Arab communities are represented by people from those countries where nationalist and socialist ideas have traditionally spread, which are considered by the monarchs of the Persian Gulf countries as dangerous threats to the political stability of the region.

Naturally, foreign migrants who do not have labor rights do not have any political rights either. Not in the UAE political parties and trade unions, work speeches are prohibited. As the American writer and publicist Michael Davis writes, ““ Dubai is a huge “closed settlement”, a green zone. This is the apotheosis of the neoliberal values ​​of late capitalism, more so than Singapore or Texas; this society seems to be inscribed within the walls of the economics department of the University of Chicago. Indeed, Dubai has achieved what American reactionaries can only dream of - an oasis of "free enterprise" without taxes, labor unions and political opposition "(Quoted from: Life of guest workers in the neo-liberal-feudal UAE // http://ttolk.ru/ ?p=273). In fact, foreign workers are in a bonded position in the UAE, because upon arrival in the country their passports and visas are taken away, after which they are settled in guarded camps on the outskirts of Dubai and are not allowed to visit public places in the city. The labor organization system in the UAE was inherited from the colonial era - then the British colonialists also imported Indian coolies who worked for nothing and were in bondage to employers. Any attempts by foreign workers to defend their rights and interests are severely suppressed by the authorities of the emirate. But even under these conditions, mass unrest periodically occurs in the country, initiated by crowds of exploited Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi workers. In 2007, a mass strike of Indian and Pakistani construction workers took place in the UAE, in which about 40,000 migrants took part. The reason for the strike was the dissatisfaction of the workers with the size wages, working and living conditions, as well as the norm of free water per day, two liters per person. As a result of the strike, 45 Indian workers were sentenced to 6 months in prison and subsequent deportation from the UAE for endangering public safety and destroying property. However, labor conflicts are not always the cause of the riots that are increasingly happening in Dubai. Location in the UAE huge amount young men who do not have families here and do not have regular contact with the female sex, in itself turns out to be a serious factor provoking the growth of all kinds of offenses. Thus, in October 2014, riots in Dubai were caused by clashes between Pakistani and Bangladeshi workers who fought after watching a broadcast of a football match between the teams of the two states. On March 11, 2015, construction workers involved in the construction of FountainViews, an elite residential area, protested in Dubai. They demanded higher wages. However, much more than the riots organized by migrants, the UAE authorities are afraid of the discontent of the indigenous population.

After the development of oil began and the economy of the UAE began to grow at a rapid pace, the authorities of the emirates sought to improve the life of the indigenous population of the country in every possible way, including in order to exclude the possibility of anti-government protests by the Bedouin tribes. Numerous benefits were established for citizens of the country of indigenous origin, allowances, all kinds of cash payments were introduced. By doing this, the UAE government sought to protect the country from the spread of radical views popular in other Arab countries. However, at present, the stability gained through the ongoing social policy to support the indigenous population is under threat. And the reason for this is the involvement of the country in hostilities in Yemen.

War in Yemen claims more and more lives of UAE citizens

Like other Gulf states, the UAE, including the emirate of Dubai, spends huge amounts of money on defense and security. The militarization of the country especially intensified after the events of the "Arab Spring" of 2011 and the consequences of the civil wars caused by it in the territory of a number of states in the Middle East and North Africa. It was the countries of the Persian Gulf, including Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates, that made the main contribution to provoking and inciting armed conflicts in Libya, Syria, Iraq, and Yemen. The media belonging to Qatar, the UAE and Saudi Arabia played a major role in the "information war" against the regimes of Assad, Mubarak, Gaddafi, Saleh. With direct financial, organizational and even personnel support from the countries of the Persian Gulf, radical religious and political organizations operate in almost all countries and regions of the Islamic world - from West Africa to Central Asia, from North Caucasus to Indonesia. However, the direct support of the radical forces of the Persian Gulf countries endangered their own security. Radical fundamentalist groups supported by Saudi Arabia and its regional allies, have long accused the monarchical elites of the Persian Gulf countries of betraying religious ideals and adopting a Western way of life. Then, in 2011, the “Arab Spring” miraculously did not overwhelm the Persian Gulf monarchies. Today, the situation has been seriously aggravated by the fact that the monarchies of the region are stuck in a civil war in Yemen.

Recall that back in 2004, contradictions between the government and the Shiites, the Zaidis, intensified in Yemen, whose movement was called the “Houthis” after Hussein al-Houthi, the first leader of the Zaidi uprising, who was killed in September 2004. In 2011, the Houthis took part in the revolution that overthrew the regime of President Ali Abdullah Saleh. In 2014, the Houthis intensified their fighting and in early 2015 they occupied the capital Sanaa, forcing President Mansour Hadi to flee to neighboring Saudi Arabia. The Houthis created a Revolutionary Council to govern Yemen. The President of the Revolutionary Council is Muhammad Ali al-Houthi. According to Western and Saudi politicians, the Yemeni Houthis are actively supported by Iran, as well as the Lebanese Shiites from the Hezbollah organization and the Syrian government. Fearing the transformation of populous Yemen into an outpost of Iranian influence on the Arabian Peninsula, the Arab monarchies decided to take part in the civil war in the country, speaking in support of the deposed President Mansour Hadi. Operation Storm of Determination began on March 25, 2015 with an attack by the Saudi Arabian Air Force on the positions of the Houthis in a number of cities in Yemen. For a long time, Saudi Arabia, which acted as the leader of the anti-Houthi coalition, and its allies did not dare to conduct a ground operation against the Houthis, limiting themselves to constant air raids on Yemeni cities and military bases. However, in the end, direct clashes could not be avoided, and they immediately revealed the entire weakness of the anti-Houthi coalition. Moreover, the Houthis managed to transfer hostilities to the border regions of Saudi Arabia. On June 10, 2015, Saudi soldiers arbitrarily abandoned defensive positions in the city of Najran. This was due not so much to the cowardice of the Saudi military as to their unwillingness to fight the Yemenis. The fact is that most privates, sergeants and junior officers Saudi army units are themselves Yemenis by origin and do not see the need to fight with their countrymen and even fellow tribesmen. It is known that in the countries of the Persian Gulf the main part of the employed population is represented by foreign migrants. The armed forces and the police are no exception, and there are also a lot of people from other states, including Yemen. On June 21, 2015, the Ahrar al-Najran movement - "Free Citizens of Najran" - announced the accession of the tribes of the Saudi province of Najran to the Houthis and opposed the policies of the Saudi government. So the civil war spread to the territory of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

United United Arab Emirates also became involved in the confrontation in Yemen, speaking on the side of Saudi Arabia. Soon, the participation of UAE troops in ground operations entailed serious casualties. Thus, several dozen UAE servicemen were killed as a result of Yemeni army missile attacks on Saudi positions at the base in Wadi al-Najran, where units of the UAE contingent were stationed. September 4, 2015 was followed by a new missile attack Yemeni army on the location of the troops of the anti-Houthi coalition in the province of Marib. As a result of the impact that hit the ammunition depot, an explosion occurred. 52 soldiers of the UAE army, 10 soldiers of the army of Saudi Arabia, 5 soldiers of the army of Bahrain and about 30 militants of the Yemeni anti-Houthi groups were killed. The destruction of the UAE armed forces camp was the largest military action by the Houthis against the Saudi coalition in Yemen to date. In addition to soldiers and officers, a large amount of ammunition, armored vehicles, Apache helicopters, which were in service with the UAE army, were destroyed during the missile attack. Saud bin Sakra al-Qasimi, the son of the ruler of the emirate of Ras al-Khaimah, was among the wounded during the shelling of the UAE army camp. It seems that his injury opened up the account of high-ranking Emirati people who were injured as a result of participating in hostilities in Yemen. Later, in the Al-Safer area, the Houthis managed to knock out an Apache helicopter belonging to the UAE armed forces with a ground-to-air missile. The UAE military personnel on board the helicopter were killed. On September 5, the UAE declared national mourning for the soldiers who died in the Wadi al-Najran camp.

Meanwhile, for the United Arab Emirates themselves, getting involved in conflicts in neighboring countries is becoming increasingly expensive and is reflected in the internal life of the state. Thus, in 2014, the UAE introduced a mandatory conscription for military service male citizens of the country aged 18-30 years. It is envisaged that citizens who have a certificate of graduation high school, serve 9 months, and citizens who do not have a secondary education - 24 months. Until 2014, the UAE army was recruited exclusively on a contract basis. To serve in the armed forces of the UAE, Baluchis from Pakistan were hired for private and sergeant positions, and Jordanian Circassians and Arabs were hired for officer positions. In addition, a battalion of 800 foreign mercenaries, who previously served in the Colombian, South African and French armies, was formed as part of the UAE army. The appeal of the citizens of the emirates, spoiled and treated with free education, benefits and payments, seems to be an extreme measure. The UAE leadership does not trust contract soldiers from among foreign migrants and prefers to use representatives of the country's indigenous population. However, the latter have to fight outside the UAE - for the realization of the political ambitions of their leaders and within the framework of allied relations with Saudi Arabia. Naturally, the population of the UAE likes the current situation less and less. Especially after the news mass death Emirati soldiers and officers in the Wadi al-Najran camp. In this situation, any information occasion can provoke mass discontent among the country's population. Therefore, the unwillingness of the UAE leadership to reveal the true causes of the death of Prince Rashid bin Mohammed al-Maktoum is quite understandable if he really died in Yemen as a result of a Houthi strike, and did not die of a heart attack.

The leadership of the emirates fears that the death of the young prince will be painfully perceived by the indigenous population of the country - after all, many young male citizens of the UAE will subconsciously put themselves in the place of the deceased prince. Wealthy residents of the UAE do not want to die in Yemen at all, therefore, it is quite likely that mass anti-war protests and a boycott of conscription into the army could become a response to the death of the prince. On the other hand, it cannot be ruled out that information about the death of Sheikh Rashid in Yemen, which first appeared in the Iranian media, may be a component of the information confrontation between Iran and the coalition of the Persian Gulf countries. But, whatever the true reasons for the death of the former heir to the Dubai throne, the UAE, getting involved in large-scale hostilities in Yemen, endangered its own political and social stability. The Persian Gulf monarchies, being an instrument of the US in pursuing its own interests in the Middle East, have long been operating in the "waiting for a social explosion" mode. Whether it will be, what it will be and what will be its causes - time will tell.

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The current ruler of Dubai, Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, was born on July 15, 1949. He took the position of ruler only after the death of his brother in 2006. It was with his coming to power that many transformations in the United Arab Emirates, which became known to the whole world, are connected. Let's get to know this famous person.

Ruler of Dubai

The youngest son was born in the family of Sheikh Rashid ibn Saeed Al Maktoum back in 1949. Sheikh Rashid himself was one of the founders of the state. Therefore, the share of his son was immediately a foregone conclusion, at the very birth it was clear that sooner or later he would become the ruler of one of the emirates of the UAE.

The elder brother of the current ruler of Dubai named his younger brother as his future successor back in 1995. And in fact, from that moment, it was Mohammed who began to stand at the origins and the helm of power in this region.

It is he who is considered the founder of the advances that have taken place with this country over the past few decades.

The famous islands in the form of a palm tree, the world-famous airline Fly Emirates, the architecture of the city and its unique, one of the most luxurious and safe skyscrapers in the world - all this happened precisely with the support and leadership of Mohammed.

Ruler's personal life

Arab rulers leave their personal lives in the shadows. It is closed from prying eyes, but not as much as, for example, in Saudi Arabia.

The general public knows that Mohammed's first wife was his cousin, Hind Bint Maktoum ibn Juma Al Maktoum. In this marriage, 7 girls and 5 boys were born.

According to the laws of Islam, it was the eldest son of Sheikh Mohammed who was supposed to become the crown prince, but he then refused to succeed to the throne. Therefore, this right passed to his younger brother Sheikh Hamdan.

Subsequently, the press reported that Crown Prince Rashid, who abdicated the throne, died of a heart attack in 2015. Although the press considered these data contradictory, rumors began to appear that he had died at the hands of a Yemeni terrorist. But no refutation of this, no evidence further followed.

In 2004, Sheikh Mohammed married a second time. His second wife was a more public person. Haya bint Al-Hussein bore Mohamed two children: eldest daughter Al Jalilu and younger son Zayed.

The press also discussed for a long time the information that, in addition to two wives, the sheikh had four more: with whom he managed to be in a relationship between the first and second marriages, which are known. But information about them is not available to the general public.

But on the other hand, from all marriages in the aggregate, Sheikh Mohammed has a lot of children:

• 12 children from first marriage;
• 11 children from 4 marriages, about which almost nothing is known;
• 2 children from last marriage to Princess Haya.

The Strange Case of the Sheikh's Daughter

In March 2018, information appeared in the public domain on social networks, which caused a lot of noise and scandal. In the video, Latifa, one of Sheikh Mohammad's daughters, claimed that her family was quite cruel and involved in some of the killings. She wanted to escape from the United Arab Emirates, but she was caught and returned.

Public organizations expressed their concern about the fate of the girl. But later in the same year, Mary Robinson (who oversees human rights at the UN) visited Latifa. She stated that Latifa has mental disorders. But this only caused more distrust from the public.

Interesting facts about the second wife - Princess Haya

Sheikh's second wife Native sister ruler of the state of Jordan. She was born on May 3, 1974.

This young girl led a fairly active and secular lifestyle. She graduated from the political faculty of Oxford in the UK. She took an active part in various events, for example, in the opening of the Olympics, in equestrian competitions, where she was a direct participant.

After the wedding, little has changed in her lifestyle. She can only throw a Muslim headscarf over her luxurious hair when absolutely necessary, and even then she never covers her face. In all other respects, it cannot be distinguished from real secular European women.

Despite the seemingly heavenly life, in the spring of 2019, rumors began to appear in the press that the princess had run away from her husband. And in the summer, these rumors were confirmed.

Princess Haya flew to Germany with her two children, taking almost $40 million in addition. Having asked for political asylum in this country, she filed for divorce.

And, despite the fact that the sheikh remained outwardly imperturbable, all these events caused some tension between the two countries. After all, the Sheikh of Dubai is also the Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates. Therefore, the UAE demanded that Germany extradite the princess, but the European country, citing freedom of choice, gently refused the Muslims.

As a reform-minded political leader, Sheikh Mohammed has led the transformation of Dubai into a world-class capital since coming to power in 2006 and has spearheaded a number of international ventures, including Emirates, Jumeirah Group and DP World.

Sheikh Mohammed personally supervised the creation a large number transnational business projects critical to transforming Dubai's economy, including the construction of the world's tallest building, the Burj Khalifa.

Early life. Education.

Sheikh Mohammed was born on 15 July 1949, the third of four sons of Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum.

The education of Sheikh Mohammed began at the age of four with the study of the basics of the Arabic language and Islam. In 1955, Sheikh Mohammed began his studies at the Al Ahmadiyya School, where he studied Arabic grammar, English, mathematics, geography and history. At the moment, this school has become a museum dedicated to education.

On September 9, 1958, Sheikh Said, Sheikh Mohammed's grandfather, died, and in October 1958, Sheikh Rashid bin Said, Sheikh Mohammed's father, became ruler-general of Dubai. Sheikh Rashid began a serious preparation of his sons for the management of the emirate. In this regard, in August 1966, Sheikh Mohammed went to London to enter the Bell Language School in Cambridge.

Returning to Dubai after his training, Sheikh Mohammed was appointed as the head of the Dubai Police, as well as the head of the Dubai Defense Force, which later became part of the UAE Armed Forces. Since December 1971, Sheikh Mohammed has been the Minister of Defense of the United Arab Emirates.

Personal life

Sheikh Mohammed married his eldest wife, his first cousin Sheikha Hind bint Maktoum bin Yuma Al Maktoum on 26 April 1979, who bore him 12 children, including the Crown Prince of Dubai - Hamdan ibn Mohammed Al Maktoum. The eldest son of Sheikh Mohammed Rashid ibn Mohammed Al Maktoum died in September 2015, according to the official version - from a heart attack, according to other sources - from shelling in Yemen.

Among the younger wives of Sheikh Mohammed, the most famous is Princess Haya bint al-Hussein, daughter of King Hussein and half-sister of King Abdullah II of Jordan - respectively, the previous and current kings of Jordan, whom he married on April 10, 2004. The eldest son of Sheikh Mohammed Rashid was considered Dubai's heir, and after his abdication, his brother Hamdan. In 2007, Princess Haya bint al-Hussein gave birth to a girl, Al Jalil, to Sheikh Mohammed, and in January 2012, a son, Zayed. .

Escape of wife and two daughters

In the summer of 2019, it became known that the youngest and most famous wife of Sheikh Mohammed, Princess Haya, fled from her husband to London with her children. According to press reports, Princess Haya began to fear for her life after Sheikh Mohammed suspected her of being close to a British guard. The sheikh's wife is afraid to share the fate of her previously missing stepdaughters, daughters of Sheikh Mohammed princesses Latifa and Shamsa, who unsuccessfully tried to escape from Dubai earlier. To avoid being kidnapped, Haya uses the services of a private security firm. Discussing the reasons for the escape, sources close to her mention that Princess Haya has become aware of new disturbing facts behind the return to Dubai of Sheikha Latifa, who tried to flee Dubai in 2018.

The video, in which Princess Latifa testifies to violence and torture against herself and her relatives, and also makes other serious accusations against her father Sheikh Mohammed, including murder charges, has received wide notoriety:

“After my uncle died, he killed one of his wives. He killed her. Everyone knows about it. The one from Morocco. Because her behavior was too cocky. I think she just talked too much and he felt like she was a threat to him, so he just killed her." (on video: 12.43-13.00)

business career

Political activities and reforms

Sheikh Mohammed was appointed Crown Prince of Dubai on 3 January 1995 by Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum.

On January 4, 2006, Sheikh Mohammed, who had practically ruled the city for almost 10 years, became the official Emir of Dubai - his older brother, Sheikh Maktoum ibn Rashid Al Maktoum, died. A day later, Sheikh Mohammed, by the will of the President of the United Arab Emirates, was nominated for the positions of Vice President and Prime Minister of the country; the president's proposal was almost immediately approved by members of the federal national council of the country.

Mohammed ibn Rashid School of Public Administration

Fight against corruption

As part of the government's zero-tolerance policy for corruption, the head of Dubai's customs office, Obaid Saqr Bouzit, and two of his senior aides were arrested on corruption charges. The arrest was the final stage of a two-year investigation into the case, which was under the personal supervision of Sheikh Mohammed. Later, an investigation was launched into the financial fraud of the state-owned real estate company Deyaar. The chief executive officer of the company was sentenced to 10 years in prison for abuse of power and embezzlement of 30 million dirhams.

Sports interests

Sheikh Mohammed is also the founder and organizer of the Dubai World Cup at the Meydan Racecourse. The prize pool for the 20th Anniversary Dubai World Cup on March 28, 2015 was over $26 million, including 9 million dollar prizes.

The Sheikh personally participates in Distance Horse Races as a rider. In 2012, at the age of 63, Sheikh Mohammed became the winner of the world horse riding endurance race organized by International Federation Equestrian (FEI) - Longines FEI World Endurance Championship. Overcoming the race track 160 km long, he overtook 152 rivals representing 38 countries of the world, and reached the finish line seven hours after the start of the race.

Sheikh Mohammed also won gold in individual endurance events at the 15th Asian Games in 2006; later in the team event, gold in the same discipline went to the team of Rashid, Ahmed, Majid and Hamdan Al Maktumov. The daughter of Sheikh Mohammed Maitha took part in the 2008 Summer Olympics in taekwondo in the 67 kg category, leading the UAE team.

Cultural and humanitarian projects

Both Sheikh Mohammed himself and his children are inveterate lovers of traditional Arabic arts, including poetry. The work of Sheikh Mohammed as a poet is known throughout the Arab region and beyond, collections of poems and poems of the Sheikh have been translated into many languages.

In 1998, Sheikh Mohammed opened the Sheikh Mohammed Center for Cultural Understanding (SMCCU), a non-profit organization dedicated to removing barriers between nations. various countries, providing them with information about the culture, traditions and religion of the UAE under the slogan "Opening Doors Opens Minds".

One of the latest initiatives of the ruler of Dubai in the field of culture was the transformation of Dubai metro stations into an art museum of works of art. The project aims to promote art and creativity among all segments of the UAE population, as well as to strengthen the international status of the UAE in the cultural sphere.

Patron of the Arts Award

The Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Patron of the Arts Award was launched in March 2009 to recognize individuals and organizations that have made a significant contribution to the advancement of the arts in Dubai.

"Knowledge Award"

Charity

The whole family is actively involved in aid projects for developing countries such as Jordan, Egypt, Palestine and Yemen. Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum is known for his charitable donations. On May 19, 2007, he announced plans to donate US$10 billion to establish the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Foundation, educational fund operating in the Middle East. According to Sheikh Mohammed, this money is intended to close the gap in knowledge between the Arab region and the developed world.

Dubai Cares

In September 2007, Sheikh Mohammed launched the Dubai Cares campaign to raise money to pay for the education of 1 million children in poor countries. The amount donated by the public in the first campaign in 2007 exceeded 1.65 billion dirhams (approximately US$450 million); Sheikh Mohammed personally increased the amount to 3.5 billion dirhams (approximately US$1 billion).

Noor Dubai

On September 3, 2008, Sheikh Mohammed launched a new initiative called "Noor Dubai". The Noor Dubai initiative was originally intended to provide health care services to one million people suffering from treatable blindness and visual impairment in developing countries, but by 2011, the number of people covered by this project and receiving medical services exceeded 5.8 million.

Pakistan Assistance Program

On January 12, 2011, in accordance with the instructions of the UAE President Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan and Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the Pakistan Assistance Program was launched to assist the people of Pakistan in the fight against floods. The program included the construction and rehabilitation of two bridges, 52 schools and 7 hospitals, and the construction of 64 drinking water systems.

Help Afghanistan

Urging the United States to limit intervention in Afghanistan, both in public speeches and in private meetings with US representatives, Sheikh Mohammed donated US$2 million to build temporary housing for those displaced by US bombings in 2001-2002. The following year, about 15,000 refugees were resettled in new housing, leaving makeshift camps set up on the Afghanistan-Pakistan border.

personal fortune

The personal fortune of Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum for 2015 is estimated at more than $4 billion.

Notes

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2. United Arab Emirates: racing dynasty of Maktums // ZM No. 2 (40) 2004 (indefinite) . www.goldmustang.ru Retrieved 3 September 2015.
3. Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum - leader, rider, poet (indefinite) . russianemirates.com. Retrieved 3 September 2015. (unavailable link)
4. Fars: Son of UAE prime minister killed in Yemen shelling (Russian). EADaily. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
5. Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum - Almanac Pages of the History of Belarus (indefinite) . litvin.org. Retrieved 4 September 2015.
6. Crown Prince Hamdan bin Mohammed Al Maktoum. "Passion to the faithful heart, fearless gleam in the eyes!" (indefinite) . www.goldmustang.ru Retrieved 4 September 2015.
7. Victor Davydov. The wife of the Emir of Dubai fled to London. A year ago, his daughter tried to escape - she was returned (indefinite) . meduza (5.07.2019).
8. Bowcott, Owen. Dubai: Princess Haya "s flight to UK threatens diplomatic crisis, The Guardian(July 6, 2019). Retrieved 6 July 2019.
9. Gardner, Frank. Dubai ruler "s wife "in hiding in UK" (July 2, 2019). Retrieved July 6, 2019.
10. Free Latifa. Sheikha (Princess) Latifa Al Maktoum - FULL UNEDITED VIDEO - #FreeLatifa (indefinite) (March 11, 2018). Retrieved 6 July 2019.
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13. Sheikhs' Special Routes (indefinite) .
14. Emirates History (indefinite) .
15. Low cost national carrier flydubai (indefinite) .
16. Dubai Port World is the new world leader (indefinite) . (unavailable link)
17. Burj Al Arab Hotel (indefinite) .
18. Burj Al Arab Hotel: which sail is the most famous? (indefinite) .
19. Jumeirah - the global benchmark for hospitality (indefinite) .
20. "Jumeirah" enters the hotel market of St. Petersburg (indefinite) .
21. Dubai Internet City (indefinite) .
22. Dubai Media City (district) (indefinite) .
23. Deira Islands to get 25.3km coastline in Nakheel contract with Dutch dredger Van Oord (indefinite) .
24. How islands are made (indefinite) .
25. The tallest building in the world (indefinite) .
26. The Dubai Mall (indefinite) .
27. Maktoum, Mohammed. Flashes of Thought.. - UAE: Motivate., 2013. - P. 33. - ISBN 9781860633560 .
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