How to make PPSh 41 from wood. Shpagin system submachine gun: Drum roll of the Red Army

Life is good if you have PCA!
Folk.

Preface

It so happened historically that almost all models air guns cannot fire in bursts. Of course, if we are talking about the so-called “hard” pneumatics. In the case of “soft” pneumatics, the situation is much better, but it also has its drawbacks. Firstly, a good copy model with a metal case is not cheap, and secondly, if we consider models that operate not on an electric drive, but on compressed gas, then until recently they massively used their specific gases, which sometimes disappeared from sale even in major cities, not to mention small towns. Models operating on standard CO2 cylinders are much less common, and in combination with a metal case they are almost never found. Yes, and “soft” pneumatics are rarely found in gun stores, but are mainly sold in specialized stores.

In any case, until recently the only representative of “hard” pneumatics with a standard burst firing mode was MP-661K "Drozd". However, even before the official release into the series "Drozda", during the advertising of its prototype with an aluminum body and wooden plates (which at the beginning of sales cost ~$400), the first mention in my memory of a submachine gun of the Alexey Kryazhevsky system appeared in the weapons press. It was an article “Hunting is worse than bondage, but so is fishing” in the magazine "Weapon" N4 2002 of the year.

If only this project had been launched then - "Thrush" would have received an extremely serious rival, which he could only fight through mass production and low prices. Because unlike "Drozda" Kryazhevsky’s submachine gun was based on a model of a real combat submachine gun, which in our country practically guarantees stable demand regardless of technical characteristics. As examples, it is enough to recall MP-654K IzhMech, which, with very mediocre characteristics, is a very good (albeit not exact) copy PM\PMM or the whole line similar to AK rifles: Juncker , Junker-2, Junker-3.

However, a project involving the production of a submachine gun by Alexei Kryazhevsky based on the Kovrov submachine gun "Chestnut", unfortunately, was never implemented.

The next time I had a chance to encounter Kryazhevsky’s work in person, in the summer of 2002, in St. Petersburg, in one of the shooting ranges. The so-called "Square", one of the experimental samples made in 2001, outwardly very vaguely reminiscent of the American "Ingram". In practice, of course, the similarity was very conditional and in fact, outwardly it was a “hodgepodge” of parts from various weapons. However, it's not about appearance. What’s more important is that this device worked, made it possible to confidently hit not very small targets at short distances, and most importantly, it fired in bursts and provided very realistic recoil due to the moving shutter.

It was after this, having personally twirled the device in my hands and felt the charm of automatic shooting with recoil, that I began to look forward to the start of official mass production of at least some model of air gun with Kryazhevsky’s circuit inside.

We had to wait a long time. Only by mid-2006 did references to the imminent start of production appear in the weapons press. "T-Rex"- a submachine gun according to Kryazhevsky’s design based on the submachine gun produced in Zlatoust "Cedar". The early start in practice was delayed and delayed. At arms exhibitions they continued to demonstrate a prototype and assured that it would soon be produced. In May 2007, information appeared about certification and the imminent start of assembly PPSh-41PK- i.e. also a submachine gun according to the same scheme, but built into MMG PPSh. At some point in time the name was PPSh-41PK "Partizan", but then there was only PPSh-41PK, already without his own name, at least that’s how he is now listed in all documents. In the end, I finally decided to order one of the first samples of this rifle. Moreover, considering that "Cedar" in the form of a gas pistol PDT-9T "Esaul" I already had it.

Unfortunately, production PPSh-41PK also took a long time, in the end, having ordered it in June 2007, I received an order only for new year holidays, at the beginning of 2008. In any case, the ordered device was received, studied, disassembled and tested. The result of all this is this description.

Prototype

The prototype here is completely unambiguous - the silhouette of the PPSh is familiar to almost everyone who has at least once seen films about the Second World War. By the end of the war he had become perhaps the most mass weapons domestic infantry. A brief description of the PPSh is on Maxim Popenker’s website.

Design

Ideologically, the design of this submachine gun is similar to the design of a rifle Juncker. Because in case Juncker inside the body AK installed a gun MP-651K(or Izh-671 in the first issues), and in the case PPSh-41PK inside the layout PPSh a completely self-sufficient firing device was installed (gas block BKG-07). Although it should be noted that the main disadvantages Juncker were taken into account and, if possible, eliminated in PPSh-41PK. In particular, it is fired through a barrel located in a standard place, and the gas cartridge and balls are easily replaced without the need for partial disassembly.

So, the rifle itself is included in the package PPSh-41PK and a simple device for equipping a magazine in the form of a plastic tube glued to a steel adapter sleeve and a cleaning rod for pushing balls into the magazine through the tube. That's it, there is nothing more except documents. No packing box, no belt. Although, judging by the documentation, a belt can be supplied as an option. However, the lack of any packaging is disappointing. You need normal packaging, at least in order to safely bring the purchased device home. Because to carry it wrapped even in opaque plastic bag PPSh somewhat inconvenient - the characteristic contours are still clearly visible and there are plenty of reasons for unnecessary interest from police officers. It is clear that the item is absolutely legal, but it still turns out very strange: it is recommended not to appear in the product passport in public places This rifle does not come with a case and it comes simply wrapped in a bag. Although in fairness it is worth noting that all options similar to AK rifles: Juncker , Junker-2, Junker-3 Usually they were also sold in a bag, and a transparent one at that. Another thing is that when buying at a gun store, you can usually buy a case on the spot, but here you had to carry the rifle in a bag from the post office to your home.

When you pick up a rifle, your first impression is extremely favorable. Because since everything is based on MMG PPSh, then the stock is left original, all the external parts too, even the controls function almost normally. This almost means that after the modification, the bolt travels less than half of the travel it was supposed to in the original, and the safety has stopped working, although the documentation postulates that it should work. Also somewhat disappointing is the low quality of the model itself used for the alteration - the numbers on the lid receiver, on the stock, on the magazine do not match. And the quality of the varnish coating on the stock leaves much to be desired - there are numerous chips and damage to the coating. The idea of ​​attaching the charging device to the stock with high-quality tape when shipping was also not beneficial. As a result, the tape came off along with parts of the coating, further ruining the appearance of the stock. It is clear that this is still more of an air rifle, outwardly similar to PPSh, but not MMG PPSh, but I would still like to see a high-quality layout as possible as a basis.

After removing the cover, a completely empty drum is revealed, with the standard button and latch welded, as well as a rectangular “pneumatic” magazine on the front cover of the drum.

The magazine is easy to disassemble - by slightly skewing, you can easily remove all the “offal” in detail past the side of the lid. Inside, a very original design is revealed.

The fact is that most magazines for balls in pneumatic weapons work according to one of two principles: either there are jaws on the neck of the magazine that allow the ball to go into the barrel of the weapon, but do not allow it to fly out of the magazine under the action of a spring, or a spring-loaded a holder that keeps the balls from flying out under the action of the feeder spring and moves away when the magazine is installed in the weapon. Here there is neither one nor the other. In fact, this is a very original design of a double magazine, when the magazine itself, together with its neck, is spring-loaded and moves inside a steel rectangular box. To facilitate the movement of the neck, two studs are used, essentially working as bearing rollers.

The mechanism for fixing the balls is simply amazing. The ideology is the simplest: the diameter of the spring-loaded feeder channel is slightly larger than the diameter of the feeder itself (and the balls), and the hole in the neck almost completely coincides with the size of the feeder and the ball. As a result, all loaded balls successfully rest against the neck, with the exception of two or three that are placed higher. However, when installing a magazine in a weapon, or simply when recessing the neck, the balls successfully overcome it under the action of the feeder spring. In general, the design is very original and at the same time surprisingly stable.

Next, disassembling the rifle itself. We must immediately make a reservation that disassembling it does not coincide with disassembling the original PPSh, although there are common points. Unfortunately, the disassembly technology in the product passport is described very sparsely and indistinctly (and there is not a word about disassembling the store at all), however, it is not difficult to guess what is being disassembled and how.

The first step is to knock out the axis connecting the receiver and the barrel to the cover. In the original there is a “break” around this axis PPSh at incomplete disassembly. Here this axis will have to be knocked out. Attention! The axis is double, i.e. First, its inner part is knocked out, and then the outer sleeve. Moreover, they are knocked out in different directions. And you shouldn’t go for the “slot” at the end of the axle - it’s just a cut to ensure elastic fixation of the axle, there are no threads, it’s useless to unscrew.

Next, pressing on the movable butt plate, you need to move it forward 0.5-1 cm, releasing the latch on the back of the barrel cover. Attention! The stroke of the butt plate is very small, because its further advancement is hampered by the pneumatic block installed inside BKG-07. So you shouldn’t hit the butt plate with a hammer or apply disproportionate force, so as not to damage the above block. After releasing the latch, a small “fracture” is made with a shift up and forward, and the entire upper part of the rifle in the form of a cover, barrel casing and all the “pneumatic filling” is separated from the stock and box.

Since the mechanism for switching from automatic to single fire remained attached to the stock, after dividing the rifle into two halves, it can be examined more closely. The design is simplest - the slider moves the bar, which in the case of automatic fire (the forward position of the slider) simply limits the travel of the trigger. As a result, the stroke is sufficient to lower the sear and release the bolt, but not enough to allow the hook to move further and release the sear again, as happens in automatic fire mode.

By the way, since we are talking about the trigger mechanism, it is worth noting that here it is the simplest: the trigger presses on the sear through the rod, forcing it to lower and move the bolt forward, and then the rod breaks off the sear, which, under the action of a spring, immediately returns to the top .

This primitiveness of the mechanism sometimes provides the effect of firing in bursts even when the fire switch is in single mode. The problem is simple: at some point the trigger has already lowered the sear sufficiently to release the bolt, but the thrust from the sear has not yet been released and it continues to remain lowered, not preventing the bolt from running back and forth in automatic fire mode. To avoid this, you have to press the hook quite sharply. There’s just some kind of trend among air guns with simulated recoil: with this rifle you have to press the trigger sharply to avoid automatic fire in single-shot mode, and, for example, with Walther CP99 Compact You also have to press the trigger sharply in order to avoid the ball rolling out and dry firing.

And finally, last action to extract the firing device from the depths of the model PPSh. It is necessary to unscrew the nut on the muzzle, clearly visible on. True, for this you need to get a screwdriver somewhere with a slot 15mm wide and 3mm thick. I don’t have such a screwdriver, so I had to use an interesting hybrid of a flat file and an adjustable wrench. By the way, it may make sense to loosen this nut at the very beginning of disassembly, when the firing device is held by the receiver. Because if you do everything sequentially, then at this stage you will have to simply hold the device from scrolling with your hands.

After unscrewing the nut, which falls freely from the muzzle side, the entire firing device assembly is successfully removed from the breech side.

I repeat that even in this form it is a fully functional device, which only lacks a magazine with balls. It is likely that another device from Sagittarius company - Submachine gun PP-2007PK. At least his appearance suggests precisely such thoughts.

The inset also shows that the pins holding the mounting frame for fastening the cylinder with the clamping screw are sanded down to zero on the left side. Now, after disassembly, the pins already stand out noticeably against the background of traces of emery, but before disassembly there was a continuous, almost perfectly smooth surface. It was this moment that initially made us assume that this unit was inseparable. However, as it turned out, this assembly can be disassembled without any problems, and the ground pins, apparently, were simply adjusted in place, although in an amicable way they should have been knocked out, shortened and returned to their place.

Be that as it may, by knocking out two pins, you can easily separate the cylinder mounting frame and, accordingly, change the over-cylinder gasket if necessary. Moreover, if necessary, this can be done without completely disassembling the rifle. Simply remove the drum and access the pins. At the same time, replacing the over-cylinder gasket is apparently a typical problem for these rifles, at least at this stage. The gasket itself is made of black rubber and visually not of very high quality.

However, it was not possible to simply replace the over-cylinder gasket. A similar gasket from the standard rifle repair kit Junker-2 no longer rubber, but made of transparent plastic. Moreover, it is somewhat thinner than the rubber gasket removed from this rifle. Therefore, installing it directly did not produce any results - the gas was released immediately when installing the cylinder. I had to make an interesting hybrid of “one and a half” thickness, after which the sealing became excellent.

It is also worth noting that the cylinder is punctured very well - the needle is wide and makes a large hole in the membrane of the cylinder, and not a small tear, as happens with some weapons on CO2 cylinders.

Next, having removed the cylinder mounting frame, you can see that its base is attached to the body with two screws for a Phillips screwdriver. They can be unscrewed without any problems, the main thing is that you don’t want to lose the thin O-ring that seals the joint between the base and the body. In principle, it can also be replaced with a regular over-cylinder gasket, however, then you will have to tighten the base with some effort, or the gasket will have to be made a little thinner.

Having removed the base of the cylinder mounting frame, you can finally proceed to disassembling the main part of the pneumatic block BKG-07.

Although, in essence, there is almost nothing to disassemble in it. It is enough to knock out just one pin in the front part of the block, after which the table with the valve and gas outlet tube is easily removed forward, leaving the box with the trigger and bolt.

I did not disassemble further, because there is no reason to disassemble the valve yet, but you can suffer from unsuccessful installation of the valve gasket. And in fact, there is nothing particularly interesting in the box with the shutter and trigger mechanism. Just a curious fact: on the bolt there is a cylindrical recess for the gas outlet tube, which actually ensures the operation of the automation, as well as a rigidly fixed firing pin. The interest here is that the original PPSh the firing pin was also rigidly fixed to the bolt.

In principle, if you wish, you can knock out the pin at the back of the block and remove the bolt itself. Although it is quite difficult to imagine the reason for its failure.

And finally, after carrying out all the operations described above, we get the following set of parts:

Assembly is carried out in the reverse order and does not cause any difficulties, with the exception of two points. One has already been described above - it may make sense to carry out the final tightening of the muzzle nut at the final stage of assembly, so as not to look for the exact vertical for the correct installation of the firing block inside the barrel with the cap. The second point is purely technological.

Even when I first got my hands on the rifle, the bolt sometimes jammed when cocking. Not often, but it happened. After disassembly and reassembly, it initially stopped returning to the front position altogether under the action of the return spring, i.e. wedged constantly. A careful examination revealed the reason for this behavior - misalignment of the gas tube with the mating groove in the valve. Either the exact position of the front part of the block is not ensured during installation and fixation with a pin, or simply in the process of knocking out the pins, a slight deformation of the body occurred and some misalignment occurred. In any case, the method of correction turned out to be simple - orientate yourself in the direction where the misalignment went, and from the opposite side, lightly tap the body with a hammer in the area of ​​the front pin. Plus, of course, lubricate the rubbing parts. After this, the problem with the shutter wedges went away.

Operating experience

The first thing I wanted to do was try out the unusual design of the store. Testing at first revealed a very “shamanic” method of loading balls into the magazine, which was then successfully corrected, but there are no complaints about the design of the magazine. The balls hold up perfectly and do not fly out even with fairly sharp impacts from loaded magazines on hard objects. Perhaps the only way to unload the magazine yourself is to push the movable neck inside, then all the balls fly out of it under the action of the feeder spring. For the same reason, it is not recommended to disconnect an incompletely fired magazine from the rifle - you will certainly lose several balls. I usually managed to get away with losing two or three balls. In this sense, the effect is very similar to handling “soft” pneumatics in terms of disconnecting the loaded magazine from the drive - there is also usually a loss of several balls.

And now about the “shamanic” method of equipping a store. At first there were attempts to act honestly in accordance with the documentation, i.e. fill the tube with balls, attach it to the magazine, recess the movable neck and try to push the balls into the magazine, then almost certainly nothing will work. At least for me, this method of equipment only worked a couple of times out of several dozen attempts. This usually ends with the two balls becoming wedged in the charger sleeve as they try to push the extended feeder back into the magazine. As a result, a rather complex method for equipping the magazine was developed in order to avoid such wedging.

However, during operation, a problem with such non-trivial charging was discovered and corrected. It turned out that the adapter sleeve on the charger was extended too far relative to the tube with the balls (protrudes above the edge of the tube by about 8-9 mm). As a result, after attaching it to the store, firstly, the tube itself does not recess the feeder, and secondly, after recessing the feeder with loaded balls, the protruding sleeve forms a small cavity in which the remaining balls wedge. If you make the shift of the sleeve relative to the tube small, only 2-3 mm, then the magazine is equipped easily and unpretentiously, without the above-described “shamanic” technique, clearly and stably.

According to the passport, the magazine capacity is at least 20 balls. In practice, 20 balls fit in there completely going under the movable neck, i.e. If you equip 20 balls, then the magazine can be turned over, shaken, and not a single ball will fall out. If you plan to carefully install the loaded magazine into the rifle, then two more balls can be freely placed in the neck of the ball, thus bringing the number of balls in the magazine to 22. Of course, when the magazine is tilted or turned over, these two balls will easily roll out of the neck, so handle it this way the equipped magazine must be carefully.

Installing a CO2 canister into a rifle does not cause any difficulties, except that it is recommended as in RPS Before puncturing the cylinder, cock the shutter so that it does not put pressure on the valve and does not release all the gas into the atmosphere during installation.

And finally, the best part - shooting. Before the first shot, the bolt must be cocked (more precisely, it is usually already cocked when the cylinder is installed), and then the bolt usually cocks itself with each shot. The impressions are the most positive, because the rifle works very well in both single and automatic fire modes. Plus, the movable and fairly massive shutter provides, although not realistic, very noticeable and pleasant feedback. At the same time, cocking the bolt is stably ensured both with and without balls in the magazine. In principle, even without a magazine at all, the design also works successfully, depicting a shooting PPSh, except that the cartridges don’t fly and there’s no smell of burnt gunpowder.

Problems arise rarely and mainly come down to three main options:

• Automatic fire in single position
• Automatic fire with rapid power drop
• Failure to cock the shutter during the next shot

The reasons for these problems are quite simple. In the first case, this is a feature of a simple trigger mechanism, which allows, as mentioned above, by smoothly pressing the trigger, to find some intermediate position when the bolt no longer clings to the sear, but at the same time the trigger does not yet allow the sear to return to the top and block the next shot. In the second case, as the gas pressure in the system drops, the shutter simply does not reach the sear, and accordingly cannot catch on to it and returns back, hitting the valve weaker and weaker each time. The result is a short burst with the energy of each subsequent shot greatly decreasing. It usually appears either when there is little gas left in the cylinder, or when the cylinder freezes over after a long burst. Well, the third situation is similar to the previous one, only instead of a short burst there is either one weak shot or the shutter can sometimes jam and not cock at all. After overhauling the structure, wedging has not yet been observed.

Regarding sighting devices, then everything is fine with them. Since everything remains original from PPSh, then the rear sight is reversible, two-position, and the front sight is fully adjustable, both horizontally and vertically. As a result, if you wish, you can sight the rifle at any point within a very wide range.

However, with use, a very strange problem emerged: if you shoot single shots, when you can clearly count the number of shots, you often find that several balls fly out in one shot. The quantity varies from one (standard) to 5 pieces. The probable reason for this behavior is similar to a similar problem on some instances MP-654K. It is probably necessary to deepen the hole above the magazine so that the ball rests against it. Unfortunately, I won’t have time to do this in the coming weeks, so for now I’m posting the review as it is, without speed measurements. In any case, the power of the shot will be small - the certification limit is 3 J of muzzle energy, i.e. the ball's departure speed is a maximum of 134 m/s (in fact, this is stated in the passport: speed up to 130 m/s).

Rifle technical data PPSh-41PK

Inscriptions and stamps.

In this regard, the rifle is doing quite well, since in the process of converting it from MMG no new marks were added. Those. all the marks correspond to what was on MMG- "donor".

On the receiver cover:

• 1944 .
• 5575 .
• Factory stamp.
• MMG.

On the back of the receiver, next to the stock mounting screw:

• MMG.
• 6016 .

On the butt:

• VA 6489.

On the drum

• MD 7400.
• MMG.

Thus, there are no clearly unmasking inscriptions, with the exception of those that were applied during production MMG.

Conclusion.

So, a short subjective summary of the rifle PPSh-41PK.

• A very authentic remake MMG PPSh.
• The presence of a movable massive shutter and recoil when firing.
• Shooting both single and burst.
• One of the first serial rifles manufactured according to Kryazhevsky's design.

• Fixed frame for CO2 cylinder.
• Inherited from PPSh considerable weight and dimensions.
• Unstable workmanship.
• Extremely poor documentation.
• Quite a high price.

Unfortunately, the idea of ​​this rifle is very interesting, but the implementation is not very pleasing yet. In fact, at the moment it turns out to be a kind of construction kit for more or less handy users; just buying and shooting, most likely, will not work - certain shortcomings, assembly flaws, etc. will appear.

So for now this device is exclusively for fans of original designs or collectors. If you want to have something on hand that resembles PPSh, then at the moment, apparently, it is cheaper (both in terms of money and modifications) to purchase PPSh-M production plant Hammer. It costs one and a half times cheaper than PPK-41PK, and it shoots immediately after purchase, without requiring immediate fine-tuning. Although, of course, its characteristics are not high, it cannot fire in bursts, and is also not equipped with a moving bolt. Therefore, before purchasing, I advise you to think again whether you have the desire and minimal ability to improve the problems of a design that has not yet been fully debugged. If not, then either wait until stable and high-quality production is established, or take the above-mentioned competitor.

I would still like to believe that intensive collection of feedback from users will allow Sagittarius company to raise the level of production of their undoubtedly interesting designs to the proper level, so that the user does not have to “modify the purchased copy with a file.” Considering the fact that a firing device can be installed in almost any weapon of suitable size, this could be a very interesting solution, promoting a whole group of new models of air rifles (machine guns, submachine guns) to the Russian pneumatics market at once.

Many have probably heard the expression “weapon of victory.” It is important in the history of the Soviet people. This expression united all types of weapons that helped our country in the victory over the Nazis, and also became real symbols of the Russian soldier. This also includes the T-34 tank, anti-tank rifle, legendary installation volley fire"Katyusha" and, of course, the Shpagin submachine gun, also known as "PPSh 41" - an assault rifle, a device, a drawing and a description of which are given in this text.

Story

From the experience of the war in 1939-1940 between the USSR and Finland and the Degtyarev submachine gun then in service, a certain fact became clear. It consisted in the fact that the Red Army needed to be equipped with automatic models and, accordingly, organize their mass production. “PPD-40” and “PPD-38” (Degtyarev submachine guns) were not suitable for such purposes, since they were labor-intensive and required a considerable amount of machine equipment for their production. They also had a shortage of materials and high costs. To replace the PPD, it was necessary to develop a new, cheapest and simplest submachine gun. This question was important.

In 1940, a competition was announced for the invention of a new submachine gun. The tests identified two main rivals. They turned out to be B. G. Shpitalny and G. S. Shpagin. Their models were quite promising. Shpagin won. Its version was adopted for service on December 21, 1940. Its full name was: “Submachine gun of the Shpagin system 7.62 mm mod. 1941 (automatic machine “PPSh 41”).” This is a reliable fact.

The “PPSh 41” - an assault rifle, a device whose drawing and description are given in the text below, went into mass production in the autumn of 1941. Namely, during the climax of the war, when the Red Army was in great need of such weapons. Due to the fact that such a device as the PPSh assault rifle had a simple design, did not use alloy steel and complex special tools, its production was launched at many enterprises in the country that had not previously specialized in weapons production.

The bulk of the parts of such weapons as the PPSh assault rifle were manufactured using the cold stamping method using electric and spot welding. The most complex and expensive part was the drum magazine. It was borrowed from “PPD”, which had a lot of complaints during operation. This slightly delayed the release of such weapons as the “PPSh” - an assault rifle, the drawings of which are presented below for review. After modernization, the drum magazine was replaced with a sector capacity of 35 rounds, and the corresponding sight was replaced with a reversible one, having a firing range of 100 and 200 m. During the war years, about 5.4 million Shpagin submachine guns were produced. U of this weapon Automation works thanks to the recoil of the free shutter. When firing, the barrel bore was locked by the mass of the free bolt, which was pressed by a spring (reciprocating action).

The design of the trigger-type mechanism was such that thanks to it it was possible to fire both single shots and a machine gun burst. The removable drum-type magazine was designed for 71 rounds, as in the Degtyarev submachine gun (“PPD”). Guidance devices open type consisted of a sector sight and front sight. The slide-type safety is located on the bolt handle. This was an important detail. Also in this case there was a slider-type fire mode switch.

"PPSh" machine gun: tactical and technical characteristics

Produced- 1941-1947

Weight- without magazine 3.6 kg, with loaded - 5.3 kg.

Length is 843 mm.

Caliber- 7.62 mm.

Cartridge- 7.62*25 TT.

Maximum range - 400m.

Rate of fire- 1000 shots/min.

Sighting range from 200 to 250m.

Shop: drum - 71 cartridges, sector - 35.

Drawings of the PPSh 41 assault rifle

As already mentioned, they are designed Soviet designer G. S. Shpagin. They are shown in the photo below.

Design

It is a "PPSh" automatic firearm hand weapon. It is designed for firing in bursts and single shots. Automation works due to the free recoil of the shutter. This is an important property in this case. In other words, reloading and extraction of the cartridge case occurs after the shot due to the return of the loose bolt. Fire is fired from the rear sear, that is, before the shot, the bolt is in the rear extreme position. Then, after descending, he goes forward, after which he fires the cartridge. The primer is pierced at the moment the last process is completed. The shutter does not lock during firing.

This scheme is often used in the development of devices such as submachine guns. For example, the Israeli-made Uzi works on a similar principle. Although absolutely simple, such a solution requires the use of a massive bolt, which increases the entire mass of the weapon. In addition, a weapon that uses a similar reloading scheme can fire due to strong blow, for example, when falling. If, due to an impact, the shutter rolls further from the front extreme (non-fixed) position along the guides further than the window cartridge feed from the magazine or from the rear end, it will fall off the stopper.

As in Degtyarev’s weapons, such a device as the PPSh assault rifle has: a receiver, which is fused with the barrel casing, a free massive bolt with a safety lock on the loading handle, and a disk magazine. He also has a wooden stock. But with all this, the PPSh-automatic is more technologically advanced. In this model, only the barrel needs precision mechanical processing, and the bolt was manufactured at lathe with further rough milling. In weapons such as the PPSh (automatic machine), the production of almost all other metal parts can be done by stamping. Here, the barrel casing has a recoil compensator at its front end. That is, in this case there is a beveled plate with a hole for the bullet to pass through. There are through windows on the sides of the casing. Thanks to the reactive action of powder gases when fired, they significantly reduce the effect of recoil and “lifting” of the barrel upward. The scope of this model has only 2 positions. Namely - 200 and 100 m. Since 1942, "PPSh" began to be equipped not with a disk magazine, but with a sector (box-shaped) magazine for 35 rounds.

This was dictated by certain conditions. Namely, the fact that disk-type stores were complex to produce and less reliable. They also demanded adjustments for a specific instance of the machine gun. That is, this part from another similar “PPSh” might not fit. Judging by military photographs, box-type magazines have been seen in troops only since 1944. Next, we will consider the device of the PPSh machine gun in more detail.

Trunk

Inside this part there is a channel with four grooves. They curl up from left to right. There is also a chamber with a bullet entrance. It has a certain bevel at the bottom. This is to set the direction of movement of the cartridge into the chamber.

This trunk contains on the outside:

• There is a curve in the front part. This is to protect against nicks.
• Thickened part. For placement in a receiver box.
• A semicircular notch on the thickened part. This is to secure the barrel in the appropriate box.
• The protrusion is circular. In order to limit the process of barrel advancement when returning to place. This also reduces the perception of bolt shock.

Receiver

This element is the base. It contains the following details:

Namushnik with a front sight.

Receiver box latch.

Swivel swivel.

The front part of the receiver serves as a casing, and the rear part serves as the bolt box cover.

In general, the receiver consists of:

The base of the front sight for attaching a fly-mount to it.

Swivels for attaching a shoulder belt.

Sight pads.

Inserts for guiding the barrel.

Front inclined plane of the casing. It is a muzzle brake.

Longitudinal cutouts on the casing. This is to improve and facilitate air circulation.

Windows in the muzzle brake area to provide exit for powder gases.

Transverse hole for the connecting axis.

Window for ejection of cartridges.

Latch spring stop.

Bottom ledge. This is to limit the drop in the rear receiver area.

Cutouts for fuse.

Two side ledges (to limit the movement of the latch).

Cutout for the bolt handle.

Receiver latch

This element consists of the following parts:

Cap.

Springs.

Hairpins.

The cap has: a hook with an inclined plane; the upper protrusion is semicircular; 2 side holes for the pin to pass through; bends, thanks to which its movement is directed and its forward movement is limited; notch on the back for ease of opening.

The latch spring is a unique part. It performs a specific function. In this case it is a short cylindrical coil spring.

Shutter box

This item has:

Unique lugs for connection to the receiver.

Shop cutout with window.

Vertical groove for magazine latch.

A clip for connecting to the trigger box and the front of the stock.

A window for the disconnector.

A hole for the magazine latch axis.

Window for the trigger-type lever sear.

An oval hole for the protrusion located in the back of the trigger box.

Window (to engage the receiver latch).

Tail with a hole for the corresponding screw.

Window for guide rod.

You should also know that inside the bolt box there is a reflector attached to its front part. It has a certain rigidity.

Gate

This assembled element contains the following parts:

Drummer with wedge.

Ejector with spring.

Lever.

Fuse with spring and tension.

The shutter itself contains the following parts:

A cup for placing the case head.

Vertical groove for ejector.

Combat platoon for contact with the sear.

Longitudinal groove for the ejector spring.

Side notches. They facilitate the movement of the shutter, the collection of dirt and excess lubricant.

Cross rear cut to prevent the receiver latch from hitting the head.

Channel with a rod for a reciprocating spring.

Cartridge rammer.

Groove for the passage of the reflector.

The channel is blind in the cup for the striker.

A transverse groove with a socket and a recess on the handle for placing a fuse with a spring and a bend.

Transverse channel for the striker wedge.

Composition of the return mechanism

These include:

• Guide rod with corresponding washer.
• Recoil spring.
• Shock absorber.

Composition of the trigger mechanism

In this case, the following is required:

• Drummer with a wedge.
• Recoil spring.
• Release lever with axis.
• Fire translator.
• Springs of the above lever.
• Trigger.
• Translator bend with corresponding pin.
• Trigger hook springs.
• Disconnector with axle.
• Bend the specified hook.
• The grounds of the disconnector.
• Compression springs.
• Trigger box.

Description of the cartridge feed mechanism

Everything is quite simple here. The supply of cartridges to the chamber is ensured by a rammer located in the bolt and a magazine borrowed from the PPD.

Next is the mechanism that locks the stem canal. In this case there is also nothing complicated. Locking the barrel channel of a weapon such as a PPSh assault rifle is carried out due to the bolt mass and the pressing force of a reciprocating spring.

Composition of the mechanism for eliminating spent cartridges

This includes availability:

• Ejector.
• Reflector.
• Ejector springs.

Safety devices

This includes certain elements. Namely:

• Fuse.
• Oppression.
• Fuse spring.

alex---1967 10-06-2013 23:08

quote: And life is short...
And to think that somewhere out there, in the abysses of large Russian libraries, lie
such plans await their discoverer...

I think YOU are wrong. In the library drawings and other technical documentation does not arrive.
Such documentation is stored by developers, factories and arsenals, and later - upon removal from service -
partly it is burned (not representing historical value), partly it is handed over to the archives. Which archives exactly?
I don’t know, but I assume that most of it ends up (settled) in the archives of the artillery museum.
Here is his official website, if you wish, you can inquire: http://www.artillery-museum.ru/contact.html

I'm already in this thread
posted some scans from quick reference guide from this archive.
Also, part of the documentation ended up in the Russian State Military Archive (RGVA) for the years 1917-1940 - I posted information in the same topic.
And documentation for 1941 and later should, it seems, be deposited in the archives of the Ministry of Defense.
Even in the RGVA some of the documents are still classified, not to mention the archives of the Ministry of Defense, so not everything is so simple..
It may be difficult for you to translate unrecognized scans, so I’ve compiled the most interesting things and posted them in text form:

pages 44-45

5. Military district artillery department of the Manchurian army (1900-1906). F. 19.
1.106. Manchurian army. 1900-1906 S65 units hr.

6. Office of the Field Inspector General of Artillery (1916-1917). F. 20.
1.36. Upart. 1917-1918 75 units hr.
2.55/5. Office of the Field Inspector General of Artillery.
1916-1918 42 units of storage

7. St. Petersburg district warehouse of firearms supplies, f. 9.
1.85. St. Petersburg warehouse of firearms supplies. 1861 -1918gt.268 units of storage.

8. Petrograd district warehouse of firearms supplies of the Petrograd Military District. F. 2r.
1. Petrograd district warehouse of firearms supplies of the Petrograd Military District. 1918-1923 144 units xp,

9. Main research artillery range. F.7r.
1. Cases transferred from the technical archive of the test site. 1923-1939 1290 storage units
2. Cases transferred from the technical archive of the test site. 1924 - 1938 41 units of storage.
3. Cases transferred from the technical archive of the test site. 1925-1939 84 units hr.
4. Cases transferred from the technical archive of the test site. 1902-1936 981 units of storage
5. Cases transferred from the technical archive of the test site. 1909-1943 1315 storage units
6. Cases transferred from the technical archive of the test site. 1877-1938 4854 storage units
7. Documentary materials received from military unit 33491.1894-1956. 818 units hr.
8. Scientific works military unit 33491.1903-1947 302 units xp,
9. Drawings of the technical archive of military unit 33491.1931-1951. 327 units hr.
10. Tracing papers of the technical archive of military unit 33491.1923-1956. 208 units hr.
11. Scientific works. 1939-1949 8 units hr.
12. Record keeping of the landfill, 1914-1951 it 185 units of storage.

I0. Central Light Printing House of the State Agrarian University. F. 9 rub.
1. Central light lithotypography of the State Agrarian University (drawings and plans). 1918-1941 567 units of storage,
2. Central light lithotypography of the State Agrarian University (drawings and tracing paper). 1918-1941 3797 units hr.

11. Nii-1. F.36r.
1.Reports on scientific topics. 1955-1957 12 units hr.
2. Materials on the history of domestic artillery. 37 units hr.

12. Central Scientific Research and Testing Institute of Communications named after. K.E. Voroshilov. F. 61r.
1. Materials O.I. Repina. 6 units, storage
2. Materials on the history of TsNIIIS. Works on history search for connections. 1969-1987 14 units hr.
3. Research work. 1939 -1963 7sd.hr.
4. Research reports on the development of telephones and radio stations. 1940-1948 38 storage units

Foundation of the Imperial Russian Military Historical Society

1. Imperial Russian Military Historical Society (1907-1917). F. 11.
1.95/1. Imperial Russian Military Historical Society 1907 1917 474 units hr.
2.95/2. Imperial Russian Military Historical Society. Ser. XIX century - 1917 157 items.

Pages 52-53

12.102. Service records: GAU, Artkom, factories, schools, training ground, warehouses. 1849-1918 157 units of storage
13.102/1. Track records. 1876-1917 7 storage units

3. Monthly reports (1850-1913). F. 26.
1.1. Monthly reports. 1833-1916 668 ea. hr.
2.2. Monthly reports. 1850-1903 94 units hr.
3.3. Monthly reports. 1850-1912 4148 units hr.

4. Collection of drawings (XVII - early XX centuries). F. 27.
1. Tula arms factory. 1813-1916 47 units hr.
2. Tula Arms Plant (working). 1813-1880 82 units hr.
3.6. Izhevsk Arms Plant. 1808-1913 368 units hr.
4. Kazan Powder Plant. 1819-1892 173 storage units
5. Kazan Powder Plant (working). 1829-1885 17 storage units
6. Okhtensky powder factory (working). 1803-1897 96 units hr.
7. Shostensky powder factory (working). 1826-1892 37 units hr.
8. St. Petersburg (work). 1803-1915 211 storage units
9. St. Petersburg Arsenal (working). 1806-1900 41 units hr.
10. Pyroxylin plant (working). 1896-early XX century 2 storage units
11. St. Petersburg Powder Plant (working). 1729-1877 2 units hr.
12. St. Petersburg Cartridge Plant (working). 1884-1898 17 units hr.
13. Nadezhdinsky plant (working). 1915 2 units. hr.
14. Ekaterinoslav outfitting workshop. 1917 1 unit. hr.
15. Demievsky shell plant (working). 1917 6 units. hr.
16. Brass factory (working). Con. XIX - early XX centuries 8 units hr.
17. Pipe factories (working). 1912-1916 4 units hr.
18. Various factories (working), 1808-1916. 23 units hr.
19. Putdayuvsky plant (working). 2nd half XIX century 6 units hr.
20.3. Drawings of the 18th -19th centuries. (from the department military history). 3 units hr.
21. Ammunition (working). 1833-1895 8 units hr.
22. Plans of localities and fortresses (working). 1781-1913 140 units of storage
23.4. Lithographed editions of drawings of the Russian artillery. 9 units xp,
24.4/1, Lithographed editions of Russian artillery drawings. 7 units hr.
25.5. Albums of drawings of foreign artillery. 1 unit hr.
26.7. Maps and diagrams of military operations. 1830-1916 177 storage units

27.7/1. Geographic Maps. XX century 10 units hr.
28.7/2. Maps and diagrams of military operations. Beginning XVIII century - 1912 29 units. hr.
29.8. Drawings of edged weapons, 1731-1941. 44 units hr.
30.9. Small arms drawings. Con. XVIII 30s XX century 74 units hr.
31.9/1. Small arms, cartridges, bullets, rifles, hand grenades. 1811-1933 110 units of storage
32.10. Vehicles. 1750-1917 319 units hr.
33.11. Smoothbore artillery ammunition. 1710-1860 215 units hr.
34.12. Ammunition for rifled artillery. 1883-1915 313 storage units
35.13. Bomb throwers, mortars, grenade launchers, trench mortars and ammunition for them. 1915-1917 85 storage units
36.14. Rockets, pyrotechnics. 1746-1920 18 units hr.
37.15. Drawings of smoothbore guns XVI - first. floor. XIX centuries 1703-1870 526 units hr.
38.16. Sestroretsk arms factory. 1779 - beginning XX century 111 units of storage
39.17. Storage equipment. 1823-1855 24 units hr.
40.18. Lighting. 1840-1915 17 units hr.
41. Armored vehicles. 1915 2 units. hr.
42. Card. Okhtensky powder factory. 1799-1910 101 units hr.
43. Card. Shostensky powder factory. 1793 - beginning XX century 185 units hr.
44. Card. Bryansk Arsenal. 1837 - end XIX century 17 units hr.
45. Card. Kazan Arsenal. 1816- mid. XIX century 7 units hr.
46. ​​Map.. Kyiv Arsenal. 1826-1910 9 units hr.
47. Card. Moscow Arsenal. 1837- mid. XIX century !3 units hr.
48. Card. Different arsenals? 1. Con. XVIII - beginning XX centuries 52 units hr.
49. Card. Fortresses and fortifications? 1.1709-1913 526 units hr.
50. Card. Fortresses and fortifications? 2.1763-1899 147 units hr.
51. Card. Settlement plans. 1742-1898 109 units hr.
52. Card. City plans. Ser. XVIII century - 1859 and units. hr.
53. Card. Monuments. 1848-1857 4 units hr.
54. Card. Arsenals? 2. 1809-1913 30 units hr.
55. Card. Artillery parks. 1826-1859 6 units hr.
56. Card. Artillery yards. 1825-1839 3 ate. hr.
57. Card. Warehouses, shops. 1812-1863 9i units hr.
58. Card. Polygons - Beginning XIX century - 1897 16 units. hr.
59. Card. Barracks. 1825-1846 39 units. hr.
60. Card. Playpens. 1804 1 unit. hr.

Regarding the slightly different sizes of individual parts, changes were probably constantly made in the drawings.
And collecting drawings of all kinds of modifications is not enough for a lifetime...

Dear visitors of the site “Visiting Samodelkina“From the master class presented by the author, you will learn how you can independently make a PPSh (Shpagin submachine gun) from wood.

This machine gun was created for the author’s son who was 6 years old; the guy has a natural and healthy craving for small arms weapons, mostly like the weapons of the Great Period Patriotic War. Having seen the PPSh at the parade, I was eager to get one))

Well, it’s the father’s duty to find him at all costs. toy machine, in toy stores the prices are usually inflated, and the quality leaves much to be desired. It was decided to make a submachine gun yourself from wood; two furniture panels made from a Christmas tree had been lying on the balcony for about 10 years, and they became the starting material.

I found a ready-made sketch on the Internet, downloaded it, redrew it and transferred the drawing onto 2 furniture panels pre-glued together. I glued the panels with wood glue and clamped them with clamps, the thickness of one slab is 18 mm, in the process it turned out that they were not very even, maybe from time to time, in general it was difficult to glue and pull together.

I also wanted the machine gun to be very similar and detailed, so detachable magazines, a trigger, a front sight, a bolt, swivels, a sight, and a butt plate were added.

So, let's look at what exactly is required to make a submachine gun?

Materials

1. furniture board 2 pcs (spruce) 18 mm
2. wood glue
3. latch
4. back from the present guns 19th century (you can use a simple brass plate)
5. paint, varnish, primer
6. 3-4mm aluminum plate
7. swivels

Tools

1. jigsaw
2. drill
3. router
4. file
5. chisel
6. screwdriver
7. sandpaper
8. paint-remote
9. clamps
10. brush
11. spray booth or box
12. ruler

Step-by-step instructions for making PPSh from wood with your own hands.

First, you should familiarize yourself with the history of the creation of the machine itself, by whom and when was it developed?
Small historical reference. The PPSh, also known as the Shpagin submachine gun, was developed in 1940 by gunsmith designer G.S. Shpagin. Adopted by the Red Army on December 21, 1940. The cartridge is 7.62x25 TT, the drum magazine capacity is 71 rounds, the rate of fire is 1000 rounds per minute. Is one of the main symbols of victory Soviet Union in the Second World War. It was in service until 1960, then it was replaced by the AK-47. In some CIS countries, it is still in service with police and security forces to this day.

In our case, the machine will be a toy, but as close as possible to the original appearance) The main material is 2 furniture boards 18 mm thick, the author took spruce, but according to him it is better to take harder wood, because spruce is soft and brittle, in the process I had to glue the broken pieces back many times.

We take the shield, coat it with wood glue, then cover it with a second shield on top and tighten it with clamps; again, the author recommends using metal clamps, because plastic ones are too weak if the surfaces are uneven.

Afterwards, you need to let the glue dry for at least a day (24 hours). Next, the author, based on a drawing from the Internet, drew a contour on the workpiece and cut it out using a jigsaw.

This is exactly what happened in the end.

We chamfer, round and sand with sandpaper.

The air cooling holes of the submachine gun barrel are milled.

A semicircle is sharpened with a file.

Use a chisel to select wood for the swivel.

Preparing metal blanks for subsequent painting, except for the buttplate, because it is from a real gun from the 19th century.

They are suspended in the paint booth and covered with primer.

Painted, now you need to give the parts time to dry.

From metal plate a lever is cut out to attach the disc magazine of a submachine gun, and on the disc itself the attachment point is reinforced with a plate with a hole.

After which a groove is drilled for installing the lever.

The grooves for the bracket and trigger are also drilled.

And here is the actual result of the master’s painstaking work.

As you can see, if you wish, you can make a cool toy for your child out of wood with your own hands, and the most important thing is that the boy will hold in his hands the symbol of the Victory of his Heroic Soviet people over the world's evil. Growing a true patriot of his Fatherland and defender of the Motherland.

Dear Fathers! Make wooden toys for children with patriotic overtones! You have a sample, so let’s take it and do it. Take heart, friends. I have the honor!

This concludes the article. Thank you all very much for your attention!
Come visit often and don't miss out on new items in the world of homemade products!