Brown spider with a large belly. House spiders: the main types of house spiders

Ecology

Attention! If you're afraid of spiders, you might not want to explore this list, but in this case, don't be afraid, as you'll find that these creatures are more amazing than creepy.

Spiders never cease to amaze, they are the most widespread predators in the world, moreover, they adapt to almost every conceivable and unthinkable habitat, with the exception of the sea, which has led to the emergence of countless species, many of which remain unknown to science.

10 Crab Spiders

This spider has one of the most effective camouflage of any animal, its body covered in warts that resemble bird excrement. Often these warts produce small white particles that coat the spider's body and resemble bird droppings. And no matter how surprising it is, it even smells appropriate.

This camouflage has the dual function of making the spider look like unappetizing prey to most animals (particularly the birds themselves) and also serving as bait for small insects that prefer feces, which are its favorite prey. These spiders are native to Asia and can be found in Indonesia, Japan and other countries.

9. Spider - whip

The spider lives in Australia, its long and subtle body similar to a snake, hence the name of the species colubrinus, which means "serpentine". Its unusual appearance, again, is an example of camouflage. Being like a small stick caught in a web, it eludes the attention of most predators and gets their prey more easily.

The whip spider belongs to the same family as the dangerous black widow spiders. It is not known how potent the venom actually is in this spider, but it is generally spoken of as being very harmless due to its docile nature and short fangs.

8. Spider with a scorpion tail

The spider is named so because of the unusual belly of the female, which ends in a "tail" similar to scorpions. When the spider feels threatened, it twists its tail in an arch, which resembles a scorpion. Only females have such a tail, males look like common spiders while being much smaller in size.

These creatures live in Australia, and they are absolutely harmless. They often live in colonies, although each female spider builds her own webs and does not risk claiming other females' territories.

7. Bagheera Kipling

This spider was named after Bagheera, the black panther in Rudyard Kipling's Mowgli. It would seem that the spider got its name because of the agility of the panther, which is characteristic of almost all jumping spiders. However, at a time when almost all famous spiders are "predatory jumpers", Bagheera is almost a complete vegetarian, as it feeds exclusively on acacia buds and nectar.

She uses her dexterity only to protect herself from aggressive ants that protect the acacia from other animals. Sometimes Bagheera feeds on ant larvae, and sometimes, when very hungry, he can also eat another of his own kind. Oddly enough, the Jungle Book describes the moment when Bagheera says that during a period of food shortages, she hopes to become a vegetarian.

6. Spider is a killer

Inhabiting Madagascar and parts of Africa and Australia, long necks these bizarre predators are designed to support their jaws, which weigh a lot. They feed exclusively on other spiders, hence their name.

Despite their formidable appearance and name, they are completely harmless to humans. It is interesting to note that these spiders have been living on earth since the time of the dinosaurs. Perhaps this is the reason why their appearance is so alien to us.

5. Water spider

It is the only fully aquatic spider in the world. It can be found in a wide variety of parts of the world, from Europe to Asia, from Great Britain to Siberia, they live in ponds, slow moving streams of water and shallow lakes. Since it cannot take oxygen directly from the water, the spider constructs a bubble with silk, fills it with the air that it carries in itself (it captures the air bubbles with hairs that cover its entire body and limbs).

After the bubble is formed, it becomes bell-shaped and shines with silver, hence its name (Argyroneta means "pure silver"). The spider spends most of its time inside its bell and only comes out to replenish its supply of oxygen. This spider feeds on aquatic invertebrates, including water striders and a variety of larvae, and also hunts tadpoles and sometimes small fish.

4. Horned spider

horned spiders is a genus that includes 70 known species, many of which are yet to be discovered. They are found all over the world and are completely harmless, despite their scary appearance, horns and spikes, which are a deterrent to birds.

These spiders are also known for having small silk "flags" that cover the edges of their bodies. These flags make the spider's web more visible to smaller birds, which keeps them out of the way. Often they can be found in gardens and near houses.

3 Peacock Spider

Another Australian look. It got its name because of the bright coloring of the tummies of males. Just like a peacock, the male "raises" this flap like a colorful fan and uses it to attract the attention of the female, who has very sharp eyesight, like most jumping spiders. What's more, the spider stands up on its hind legs and starts jumping up and down for a more dramatic effect. Another similarity with the peacock is that male spiders often court several females at the same time.

Until recently, it was believed that the male peacock spider can "slide" through the air, but now it turned out that during jumps he spreads colorful flaps that increase his amplitude when jumping, which makes it seem like he is flying. Today, scientists understand that flap flaps are being used for demonstration purposes, but that doesn't make the spider any less amazing.

2. Ant spider - jumper

This spider is an incredible example of mimicry when creature scares off potential predators by disguising itself as a more dangerous creature of a different species. In this case, we are talking about a spider that looks like a weaver ant, whose bite is very painful, moreover, it produces two chemicals that aggravate the pain of the bite. These ants are very aggressive, and the consequences of their bite will accompany you for several days after the trouble has happened. Many birds, reptiles and amphibians try to avoid these ants.

On the other hand, this spider is absolutely harmless, but its appearance is terrifying to those animals that are familiar with the ant, because its head and chest, as well as two black spots on it, imitating the eyes of an ant, are extremely similar to this insect. Its forelimbs mimic the "antennae" of an ant, so the spider looks like it only has six legs, just like the actual ant.

This species of spider can only be found in India, China and Southeast Asia, but it is not the only living creature that imitates ants, many other species live in the tropics and represent various individuals of aggressive ants.

1. Spider with a happy face

No kidding. This is a real animal, closely related to the black widow spider, which can be found in the rainforests of the island of Hawaii. So far, there has been no information that it can be dangerous to humans.

The strange patterns on the yellow belly of the spider often take the form of a smiling face, although the markings are less obvious or even absent in some individuals. In some spiders of this species, the markings sometimes resemble a frown or even a screaming face.

While it's not the only spider with facial markings, it's certainly the most interesting. Unfortunately, this spider is endangered due to its limited range and due to reduction natural environment a habitat.

Spiders are an animal that has aroused both interest and fear in people since ancient times. Many fight in a panic when they see this frightening creature, so consider whether they are dangerous in an apartment or house. From the article you will learn about the common types of house spiders.

Often in the dark corners of your apartment you can see spiders. These are house spiders are not dangerous for the inhabitants of the apartment or residential building. It is necessary to get rid of them only in order to give the dwelling a cozy look.

The following types of arachnids most often live near people:

In the hot season, spiders of other subspecies appear in the room (for example, the black house spider). However, with the advent of cold weather, they hide or die.

Are they dangerous and worth getting rid of?

Tramp spider

Domestic spiders in the photo look intimidating, but they can be considered safe for humans. They do not cause significant harm to health. Poison does not lead to intoxication and does not provoke the appearance of inflammation.

Spiders bring invaluable benefits to people by constantly eating insects. There are species that daily catch more than 500 insects with their webs that cause serious harm to people - blood-sucking and carrying various diseases.

There is also harm from spiders. They scare sensitive people, leading some to arachnophobia. Spider webs do not add to the attractiveness of a home. More benefit or harm in this, everyone decides for himself. And then already choose between peaceful coexistence or constant struggle with arachnid neighbors.

How to treat the bite site

To begin with, the bite site should be washed with water pressure. If possible, it is desirable to get rid of the poison in the wound by periodically squeezing the skin of the damaged area. It is recommended to treat the wound with alcohol tincture, hydrogen peroxide or other ethanol-based agents. You can apply a sterile bandage.

If it gets worse (for example, the temperature rises), then you need to seek help from a medical center.

What do house spiders eat

Spiders living in houses love to eat cockroaches, small midges and bedbugs. Basically, they expect the victim to fall into the web. Then they inject a paralyzing poison and hide again until the victim stops moving. But hobo spiders may not spin webs. It is enough for them to attack a defenseless insect.

Reasons for appearing in the house

It is necessary to pay attention to the number of spiders in the apartment. If there are too many spiders, photos of which can be seen in the list of any arachnologist, then most likely, bugs, midges or cockroaches live in the room. This is the ideal diet. As a result, spiders in the house are considered indicators of the cleanliness of the room.

"Remove the web" is not an adequate measure to get rid of spiders, as they are very patient and hardy, weave the web again by the next day.

Fighting methods

Frequent cleaning

A huge accumulation of arthropods in the apartment will not leave the owners indifferent. There are many proven methods of dealing with arachnids.

The web can be removed with a vacuum cleaner

First you need to destroy the web. It is best to use a vacuum cleaner for this, but the dust container should be cleaned immediately, as there is a chance that the brownie spider will be able to get out. When there were no vacuum cleaners yet, an ordinary broom was used. But they need to remove the web carefully so that the hunter does not get out. Caught hunter can be released into the street.

If a lot of arachnid inhabitants divorced in the house, then this can only indicate one thing - they laid eggs. The laying of such eggs can be seen on furniture or hidden places. Regular cleaning and dust removal will help to get rid of haymakers.

Means of struggle

Folk methods

Among folk ways fight, there are substances that can answer the question of how to get rid of spiders in an apartment. It:

In addition to using the above tools, arthropod control includes regular cleaning of living quarters, which must be undertaken with enthusiasm. Particular attention should be paid to skirting boards and ceiling corners.

Chemicals:

There are also special ultrasonic repellers that are not perceived by human hearing, but this is what spiders are afraid of.

Signs associated with spiders in the house

The signs associated with these arthropods are centuries-old observations of the people, which were passed down from father to son, from mother to daughter. Some signs are a messenger of favorable events, while others indicate a possible misfortune. Here is some of them:

If there are a lot of spiders in the house, this is a rich and happy family life;
If in the morning and evening the spider tries to climb out of its shelter, the weather will be clear and sunny;
A chance meeting with a spider is a sign of impending wealth and profit. The amount of profit will depend on the size of the spider. If a person was afraid of such an unexpected meeting, then you can prepare for bad news;
Killing an arachnid is not a good signal. The old disease can recover;
If an indoor spider in the house accidentally fell on top of its head, then there is a risk of a serious illness;
Spiders appeared in the house - this is for well-being.

And it's far from full list will accept associated with these permanent residents of our homes. How many people, so many signs that were passed on to them.

Prevention

Spiders often begin to master not specifically the house, but the environment. If there is a lot of garbage around a private house, and fallen leaves lie on the floor, spiders are happy to settle down in such conditions. And from there they move to the living quarters.

Spiders are very fond of grassy thickets and bright flowers on the verandas. For spiders, this is food. In their leaflets you can arrange a shelter. Therefore, to get rid of insects, it is important to remove the flowers from the windowsills, free the house from excess vegetation.

At night, it is not recommended to leave lighting near the house. The light attracts moths, flies and other flying creatures. And this is also food for arachnids. You can switch to gas discharge lamps, their light is unattractive to butterflies, ants and cockroaches.

The category of the most popular species includes spiders, which are perfectly adapted for captivity, are completely unpretentious, and also have an unusual appearance:

Curly-haired tarantula or Brachyrelma alborilosum- unpretentious ambush spider, leading a nocturnal lifestyle. Perfect option exotic for beginners, due to its original appearance, rather large body size, as well as amazing calmness. It does not have a bright color, and the unusual appearance is due to the presence of fairly long hairs with black or white tips. The base color of the spider is brown or brownish black. The average body length is 80 mm with a paw size of 16-18 cm. The cost of an adult reaches four thousand rubles;
Acanthoscurria Antillensis or Asanthoscurria antillensis- a spider native to the Lesser Antilles. The species belongs to the real tarantula family. This is a fairly active spider that hides in a shelter during the day and feeds on various insects. The body length reaches 60-70 mm with a leg span of 15 cm. The main coloration is represented by dark brown shades with a slight metallic sheen on the carapace. average cost an adult reaches 4.5 thousand rubles;
Chromatopelma Cyaneopubescens Chromatorelma syaneopubessens- a popular and very beautiful tarantula spider, which is characterized by a body length of 60-70 mm, as well as a leg span of up to 14-15 cm. The main coloration is represented by a combination of a reddish-orange abdomen, bright blue limbs and a green carapace. A hardy species that can go without food for several months. The average cost of an adult reaches 10-11 thousand rubles;
crassiсrus lamanai- a species that is safe for humans, characterized by the presence of expanded joints in the area of \u200b\u200bthe fourth leg in females. The main coloration of the adult male is black. The body size of the male is up to 3.7 cm and the carapace is 1.6x1.4 cm. Sexually mature females are much larger than males and their body length reaches 7 cm with a leg span of 15 cm. Adult females are painted mainly in brown tones. The average cost of an adult reaches 4.5 thousand rubles;
cyclosternum fasciatum- one of the smallest tropical view The tarantula is native to Costa Rica. The maximum leg span of an adult is 10-12 cm with a body length of 35-50 mm. The body color is dark brown with a noticeable reddish tint. The cephalothorax is colored in reddish or brown shades, the abdomen is black with red stripes, and the legs are gray, black or brown. The average cost of an adult reaches 4 thousand rubles.

Also popular among fans of domestic exotics are such types of spiders as Cyriosmus bertae, Grammostola golden-striped and pink, poisonous Terafoza blondi.

Important! It is strongly not recommended to keep a red-backed spider at home, which is known to many as. This species is considered the most dangerous of the Australian spiders and releases a neurotoxic venom, so the owner of such an exotic should always have an antidote on hand.

Where and how to keep a domestic spider

Sedentary spiders with a lack of characteristic roundness in the abdomen are most likely sick, malnourished, or suffering from dehydration. In addition to the exotic, you need to choose and purchase the right terrarium for its maintenance, as well as the most important accessories for filling the home.

We select a terrarium

In too voluminous terrariums filled with a large number of decorative elements, such an exotic can easily be lost. It is also important to remember that many species are unable to get along with their neighbors, therefore, for example, tarantulas should be kept alone.

A terrarium house will become cozy for a spider, the optimal dimensions of which are two lengths of the maximum leg span. As practice shows, even the largest specimens feel great in a dwelling measuring 40 × 40 cm or 50 × 40 cm.

By their own design features terrariums are horizontal for terrestrial species and burrowing exotics, as well as vertical ones for tree spiders. In the manufacture of a terrarium, as a rule, tempered glass or standard plexiglass is used.

Lighting, humidity, decor

Creating optimal, comfortable conditions for the spider is the key to preserving the life and health of the exotic when it is kept in captivity:

a special substrate in the form of vermiculite is poured onto the bottom of the terrarium. The standard layer of such backfill should be 30-50 mm. Coconut dry substrate or ordinary peat crumb mixed with sphagnum moss is also very well suited for these purposes;
the temperature regime inside the terrarium is also very important. Spiders belong to the category of very heat-loving pets, so the temperature range within 22-28 ° C will be optimal. As practice shows, a slight and short-term decrease in temperature is not capable of harming spiders, but one should not abuse the endurance of such exotics;
despite the fact that spiders are predominantly nocturnal, they should not be limited in the light. As a rule, to create comfortable conditions, it is quite enough to have natural light in the room, but without direct sunlight on the container;
as a shelter for burrowing spider species, special “houses” are used from pieces of bark or coconut shell. Also, for the purpose of decorating the interior space, various decorative driftwood or artificial vegetation can be used.

The humidity inside the spider's home requires special attention. To ensure optimal performance allows the presence of a drinker and the right substrate. You need to control the humidity level with a standard hygrometer. To increase humidity, the terrarium is irrigated with water from a household spray bottle.

Important! It should be noted that overheating of the air inside the terrarium is very dangerous for a well-fed spider, since in this case, decay processes are activated in the stomach and undigested food becomes the cause of exotic poisoning.

Terrarium safety

The terrarium for the spider must be completely safe, as for the most exotic pet as well as for those around you. It is especially important to observe safety rules when keeping poisonous spiders.

It should be remembered that spiders are able to move quite deftly even on a vertical surface, so the main condition for safe keeping is the presence of a reliable cover. It is impossible to acquire too high a capacity for terrestrial spider species, otherwise the exotic may fall from a considerable height and receive a life-threatening rupture of the abdomen.

To ensure sufficient ventilation for the life of the spider, it is necessary to make perforations in the form of small and numerous holes in the cover of the terrarium.

What to feed house spiders

In order to make the process of feeding and caring for your home spider as convenient as possible, it is recommended to purchase tweezers. With the help of such a simple device, insects are given to spiders, and food remains and waste products polluting the home are also removed from the terrarium. The diet should be as close as possible to the nutrition of the spider in natural, natural conditions. The standard serving size is about a third of the size of the exotic itself.

It is interesting! The drinker is installed in terrariums in adults and can be represented by an ordinary saucer, slightly pressed into the substrate at the bottom of the container.

Spider lifespan at home

The average life expectancy of an exotic pet in captivity can vary greatly depending on the species and compliance with the rules of keeping:

asanthoscurria antillensis - about 20 years;
chromatorelma cyaneorubessens - males live an average of 3-4 years, and females - up to 15 years;
tiger spider - up to 10 years;
red-backed spider - 2-3 years;
common argiope - no more than a year.

The females of Archonorelma deservedly belong to the number of centenarians among spiders, the average life expectancy of which is three decades.

Also, the champions in life expectancy include some species of spiders from the tarantula family, which are capable of living in captivity for a quarter of a century, and sometimes more.

Spiders often appear in apartments and houses. Many people are terribly afraid of "neighbors", startle at the appearance of eight-legged arthropods. Sometimes spiders literally fall from the ceiling onto their heads or calmly rise on a thin thread in the middle of the room.

Why do spiders start in the house? Is it good or bad? How to get unpleasant tenants out of the bathroom, room, corridor? There are many solutions and ways. Which method of dealing with spiders to choose? The owner of the house must decide. It is important to know what folk signs say about spiders.

Reasons for the appearance

Arachnids live in nature. If they are in in large numbers move to a house or apartment, which means that they are satisfied with the conditions and a sufficient amount of food.

How do spiders get into a home? There are several ways:

through cracks in doors, floors, windows;
from the attic of an old house;
on clothes;
from open windows, especially if there are trees, shrubs, a garbage dump, dilapidated buildings near the building.

Is a spider dangerous on the ceiling or in the bathroom

Most owners of the private sector and apartments have encountered such a phenomenon as spiders in the house. Is it good or bad for the owners? Good news or troubles await the household? Is it possible to kill spiders in the house?

The answer largely depends on how strong the belief in omens is. If the owners are superstitious, listen to the opinion of "all-knowing" friends, sorcerers and fortune-tellers, the attitude towards spiders will be more than reverent.

Many fortune-telling and signs endow spiders with positive qualities. Meeting with eight-legged arthropods promises good luck, unexpected income, communication with a person whom you have not seen for a long time. There are also bad omens: illnesses, failures, a long journey, an unplanned move, adultery.

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Folk omens

Surely not everyone knows when a meeting with a spider promises good luck, and in what cases it is better to think about planned affairs or reconsider your attitude to life. Popular signs can be treated differently, but they should not be completely ignored: it is no coincidence that wise people paid attention to the subtleties and “little things” of everyday life.

Common signs associated with spiders:

meet in the morning - for a good day, see in the afternoon - for great love;
the spider hung over the table while eating - someone is plotting, you need to be on your guard;
an unexpected fall on your head is a big income that no one knows about;
a spider appeared on a thread right in front of your eyes - you will meet a person whom you have not seen for a long time;
an eight-legged arthropod appeared on the bathroom wall - a hint of the need for changes in life;
a spider rising up - great news, promotion and success in business;
a trapping net arose above the bed - illnesses, adultery are possible. You should not take this sign seriously, it is better to clean up the bedroom, clean the corners, the ceiling from the cobwebs, release the arachnid into the street, and the mood will immediately improve.

What are the spiders in the house

Eight-legged arthropods that live in a dwelling are a fairly small group of species. Most often, rather harmless, peaceful creatures from the class of arachnids settle at home. Thin (long or short) legs, a small brown or yellow body - this is what spiders look like in an apartment.

Terrible (up to 3–4 cm in size) black individuals from trees often spin a dense web from the street, on balconies and loggias, under the roof. Large spiders with a massive abdomen and voluminous limbs sometimes crawl into a dwelling, but do not stay long - they need larger food, midges and fleas are of little interest to them.

Note! Spiders do not bite, they only scare the owners with their quick movements. Arachnids do not attack, they try to hide in a secluded place if a person approaches.

The main varieties of home spiders:

hay spider. Other names - centipede, window spider. The abdomen is small - up to 1 cm, the legs are long - up to 5 cm. Trapping nets are randomly scattered around the house. The octopus arthropod prefers dark corners, the area above the window. The centipede watches when midges or flies get on the web, injects poison, immediately absorbs the prey;
hobo spiders enter the premises through open balconies and windows. They do not weave trapping nets: arachnids grab gaping insects, inject a dose of poison, then move to new plot. Tramp spiders resemble weevils: a long abdomen and limbs are about the same size;
house spider much smaller than other varieties: body length - up to 14 mm. The trapping net is like a pipe. The ambush is more often arranged by the female. Small spiders rarely cause panic and fear, they are easy to take out of the window.

Do I need to fight arthropods

Corners covered with cobwebs with dead insects entangled in trapping net, dust accumulation, arachnids scurrying along the floor, bathroom walls or under the ceiling create an unaesthetic picture in the home. The abundance of spiders indicates insufficient order in the house or apartment, the lack of regular cleaning of hard-to-reach areas.

Dust, spider waste, dried flies and cockroaches among the web can hardly be called healthy and home decoration. For this reason, the answer to the question: "Do I need to get rid of spiders in the house?" – of course, it will be affirmative.

Fighting methods are another matter. Most often, you can find recommendations not to kill spiders, but simply put them on a stick or scoop, and take them out into the street. Good advice, but not always easy to implement because of panic fear, which many people experience before arachnids.

The first reaction to a spider over the bed or in the bathroom is to kill, crush, hit with a slipper with all your might. It is difficult to cope with emotions, especially if the spider has reached big size. Tiny arachnids do not cause such negative emotions, more often remain alive, safely "relocate" on a stick or a broom for a balcony.

How to get rid: effective methods

How to get rid of spiders in the house permanently? Eight-legged arthropods themselves will leave their homes if they are deprived of a comfortable habitat. The owners need to think about what factors attract arachnids, eliminate the reasons for visiting the house.

How to proceed:

seal all cracks in doors, windows;
clean the attic, living quarters from rubbish. Arachnids settle in areas where there are many secluded places, there are enough areas for arranging a shelter;
hang grilles with small cells on the airbags;
regularly clean an apartment or a private house, do not be lazy to collect dust and cobwebs in the corners, from the ceiling;
look into hard-to-reach areas, wash corners and areas under the sink, bathroom, side of the cabinet well;
clean the porch, the area above the threshold, clean the balcony more often, especially if it is not glazed;
to deprive eight-legged arthropods of their favorite food: to destroy cockroaches, midges, mosquitoes, house flies;
old furniture, rags, unnecessary appliances, boxes, baskets piled in a heap in utility rooms - an ideal habitat for many-legged "aliens". Only cleanliness and spaciousness will reduce the risk of an unpleasant neighborhood with arachnids.

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Effective methods of struggle:

sticky tape traps to catch flies and mosquitoes. Decompose devices horizontally in places where spiders often move;
vacuum cleaner plus damp cloth perfect weapon against eggs and trapping nets;
walnuts, horse chestnut fruits spread out in the habitats of arachnids. The spiders do not tolerate the smell of natural products, they leave the room;
essential oils against arachnids. Prepare a solution of 500 ml of water and 20 drops of mint, eucalyptus or tea tree ether, spray the areas where spiders accumulate from a spray bottle. This method is less harmful to octopus arthropods than spraying toxic aerosols.

Prevention measures

Most owners are unwilling to put up with spiders in their home. One many-legged "alien" is, most likely, to good news, but a lot of arachnids scurrying around the apartment, suddenly appearing before your eyes, are annoying and frightening.

The cleanliness of the apartment, the absence of trash, regular cleaning of all rooms and areas are the basic rules, under which the invasion of spiders will definitely not happen. Even during abnormally warm years, when there are too many arachnids, a spacious apartment in which order reigns will be free from “decorations” in the form of trapping nets.

Even if the owners are sensitive to spiders, they believe that the “neighbors” weaving trapping nets cannot be killed, it is not worth planting arachnids in corners and pantries. A house and an apartment are a place where people live, not eight-legged arthropods. Each owner chooses at his own discretion methods of dealing with arachnids.

More interesting details learn about spiders in the house from the following video:

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