Write out 6 sentences with adverbial turnover. Participle turnover, examples of sentences

Participles and participles, as well as participles, are a characteristic sign writing, first of all - official business and scientific style. AT oral speech they are rare. Moreover, it is not recommended to use gerunds in speech at all!

But since the participle is a book form, its use often causes difficulties.

When using gerunds and participles in speech, one should pay attention to a set of factors.

1. It should be remembered that the action expressed by the participle can only refer to the active subject.

For example, in one of his stories A.P. Chekhov cites an entry in the complaint book of the official Yarmonkin: Approaching this station and looking at nature through the window, my hat fell off. In addition to other speech and grammatical errors, this statement also contains an error in the use of gerunds. The subject of this sentence is a noun. hat. In accordance with the grammatical rules, it turns out that it was the hat that drove up to the station and admired the beauties of nature outside the window.
In order to correct the proposal in accordance with the norms, it is necessary to change the construction: convert the addition I have(it is it that is the subject of the action) into the subject: Pulling up to the station, I lost my hat.

An exception to this rule is gerunds, which refer to the infinitive expressing the action of another person:

His house was full of guests, ready to amuse his lordly idleness, sharing his noisy and sometimes violent amusements.(Pushkin).

In this case, the action of the participle dividing refers to addition guests and grammatically depends on the infinitive amuse.

It may not apply to the subject and turnover with words based on, since the form based on is no longer perceived as a gerund:

The calculation is based on average production rates.

2. Precisely because the action of the participle refers to the subject, gerunds cannot be used in impersonal sentences, that is, where there is no active subject expressed in the form of the nominative case.

For example: Returning home, I felt sad. Such a statement would be grammatically incorrect, since the action of the gerund returning refers to addition to me. To correct a sentence, it is necessary either to transform it so that the object becomes the subject (cf.: Returning home, I was sad), or replace the gerund with a verb-predicate or with subordinate clause(cf.: When I returned home, I was sad).

It is allowed, although not encouraged (!), the use of gerunds in those impersonal sentences that include the infinitive ( Returning home, you need to go to the bakery on the way).

3. For the above reason, the use of the participle in passive (passive) constructions is not allowed, that is, in those sentences where the subject does not indicate the real subject (it is usually expressed by the addition in the instrumental case), but the object of the action.

The predicate in such sentences is usually expressed either by a passive participle (cf.: Soldier hit in the head by a grenade), or reflexive verb with the suffix -sya (cf.: House being built by workers). The following sentences are grammatically incorrect:

Leaving the encirclement, the fighter was wounded in the head; Finding the necessary funds, the house is being built by the workers of our trust.

To make such sentences correct, one must either replace the adverbial phrase with a synonymous construction, or convert the passive construction into an active one:

When leaving the environment the fighter was wounded by shrapnel in the head; When the fighter left the encirclement, he was wounded; Finding the necessary funds, the workers of our trust started building the house.

Wed: Arriving in the city of my childhood, I will definitely meet with school friends and my first teacher.

5. Participles usually cannot be combined as homogeneous members with other circumstances or with the predicate. Currently, sentences that can be found in the literature of the 19th century will be grammatically incorrect:

Pechorin, wrapped in an overcoat and pulling his hat over his eyes, tried to make his way to the door.(Lermontov); cavalry guards galloped, but still holding horses(L. Tolstoy).

Exceptions make up gerunds (most often in the form of a perfect form with the meaning of the state as a result of the previous action), which begin to acquire the features of an adverb. Usually these are the circumstances of the course of action. But they can only be homogeneous with circumstances that perform the same function in the sentence!

The lady sat down in a chair then sideways, then tucked legs(A.N. Tolstoy).

6. The place of the adverbial turnover in the sentence is relatively free. At the same time, there are certain tendencies in setting the participle before or after the predicate.

Before verb-predicate a gerund is usually put, which denotes an action preceding the action expressed by the verb-predicate:

Taking out a handkerchief, Sergey handed it to me.(Sergey first took out a handkerchief, and then handed it to me).

Before verb-predicate there is usually a gerund indicating the cause or condition of the action, since the cause or condition always precedes the effect:

Frightened, Tonya screamed.(Tonya screamed because she was frightened, and at first she was frightened, and then she screamed).

After verb-predicate usually put a gerund with the meaning of the subsequent action:

The horse fell, crushing my leg(First the horse fell, and then crushed my leg).

7. When using a perfect or imperfect participle, it is necessary to take into account its semantic relationship with the verb-predicate and the form in which the verb stands.

gerund imperfect form usually used if the action expressed by the gerund coincides in time with the action expressed by the verb-predicate:

Smiling, she held out her hand to me; Smiling, she extended both hands towards me.

gerund perfect look indicates the action preceding the action expressed by the verb-predicate:

Smiling, she held out her hand to me.

When using the perfect and imperfect participles, word order and other factors should be taken into account. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to which of the actions is expressed by the participle and which by the verb-predicate. Otherwise, the sentence may become incorrect or inaccurate in terms of the meaning it expresses.

So, in the sentence: Approaching the river, the riders stopped the horses- there is a semantic inaccuracy. The imperfect gerund indicates the coincidence in time of two actions expressed by the verb and the gerund, but in reality the riders first drove up to the river and then stopped the horses. Therefore, it is more appropriate to use the perfect participle: Having approached the river, the riders stopped the horses.

Let's take another example: Newspapers report that Kent went mad after jumping out of a 20th floor window.. In this case, the verb should be replaced with a gerund, and the gerund with a verb ( Going crazy, Kent jumped out the window). Otherwise, the situation expressed in the proposal will be diametrically opposed to the one that was in reality. The perfective gerund indicates an action that precedes the action expressed by the verb-predicate. Therefore, if we leave the original construction ( Kent went crazy after jumping out of a 20th floor window), then we can decide that Kent first jumped out of the window and only then (in flight) went crazy. And this is nonsense!

An additional action performed by a pronoun or noun in Russian is called a participle turnover. The article contains the rules for writing it in a sentence, exceptions to the rules, as well as various options use of adverbial turnover.

What is a participle in Russian?

Participial turnover- This is a speech construction consisting of a gerund and words dependent on it. The adverbial phrase indicates an additional action that is performed by a noun or pronoun (represented by the subject in the sentence), and usually refers to a verb (predicate). Answers the questions - What do you do? Having done what?

Suggestion example: Without opening your eyes I enjoyed the morning birdsong.

The green line underlines the adverbial turnover, and the red line - the verb-predicate to which it refers.

The participle as a part of speech, as well as the rules for using participles, are studied in the 7th grade.

What is an adverbial phrase in a sentence?

As a rule, in a sentence, the adverbial turnover performs the syntactic role of a circumstance and is separated by commas.

Examples:
Smoke, enveloping houses, went up (rose up - how? - enveloping houses).
I take notes while reading a book (I make notes - when? - while reading a book).
I thought problem solving (thinking - when? - solving the problem).

Simple sentences with adverbial phrases are usually called sentences with a complicated isolated circumstance.

TOP 5 articleswho read along with this

Spelling of adverbial turnover

In sentences, the adverbial turnover is distinguished by commas on both sides (separated) regardless of the position it is in relative to the verb-predicate. In addition, adverbial phrases in a sentence are always separated from conjunctions by commas.

Examples:
I took the book going to closet.
drinking water I quenched my thirst.
We have worked hard and done with business decided to take a break.

Exception. If the adverbial turnover is a phraseological unit, then in the sentence it is not separated by commas. Examples: I ran headlong. They work slipshod.

Note! The adverbial turnover is used only in cases where it denotes an additional action of the same person (object, phenomenon) as the main verb. In other cases, the adverbial turnover is not used. An example of a violation when using a participial turnover: Choosing fruits, I liked red apples(subject - apples, predicate - liked, participial turnover choosing fruits semantically refers to the secondary member of the sentence to me).

Sentence examples

• He ran out slamming the door behind you.
• Driver, noticing a traffic light, pressed the brake pedal.
• Be sure to follow practical tasks, preparing for the exam.
• Resting in the forest, remember about fire safety.
• Buying products you should look at the expiration date.

Average rating: 4.7. Total ratings received: 3577.

To the question Give examples of adverbial turnover. Give examples (5-6 sentences) with participles! given by the author [ ° °Azim Saidxanov° ° ] the best answer is

He wrote something with his head bowed.
I lay in his house for two days, then coming to my senses, losing consciousness again, and, opening my eyes, I invariably saw this gloomy man who was standing by my bed, not moving a single step, as if not letting me go in the direction where the road plunges into an abyss.
His comrade bent over, placing his elbows, and, propping his cheekbones with his palms, smiled thoughtfully.

Answer from 22 answers[guru]

Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: Give examples of adverbial turnover. Give examples (5-6 sentences) with participles!

Answer from Anastasia Ogurtsova[guru]
He left without closing the door behind him.
The boy was cleaning his room and found great amount things long lost by him.
The evening was in no hurry, letting the sunset run amok.
I watched the sunrise without taking my eyes off it.
Four meek biblical rams soar above the ground, barely touching it with their hooves.
All the sheep rushed to her, only the baby could not cope with the acceleration, barely managing to slow down.

Answer from Nikolai Storozhev[expert]
Having now settled in the village, his dream and ideal was to resurrect the form of life that was under his grandfather

Passing on the way back for the first time in the spring familiar birch grove, my head was spinning and my heart was beating from a vague sweet expectation

Having the right to choose weapons, his life was in my hands

Summing up the results of the debate, the chairman of the meeting noted the commonality of views of the speaker and the participants of the meeting

The dove, seeing the children, flew up.

Having sung the song to the end, the wounded began to sing it again.

Answer from Ѝmma 777[newbie]

Answer from Elena Post[expert]
1. The children who came from the concert went for a walk.
2. The girl looking out the window was thinking about a walk.
3. Masha, doing chemistry, was watching a film on literature.
4. Sitting in front of my man, he closed my view.
5. The work checked by the teacher was lost and was not found.

Answer from Snezhana Ovs[newbie]

Answer from Margarita Andreichenko[newbie]
1) I liked to read a book while swinging my leg.
2) She was very beautiful when dancing ballet, otherwise I did not see her advantages.
3) You dance like an angel, waving your hand from heaven.
4) When solving the equation, be careful: an error may appear!
5) When preparing for an exam, take a pill so you don't get nervous.

Answer from Yergey Savchenko[newbie]
Examples of misuse.
1) Approaching the station and looking at nature through the window, my hat flew off.
2) Already leaving the entrance, my phone rang.
3) Crossing the street and having already reached the middle of the roadway, the traffic light suddenly switched to red.
4) When reading different works, sometimes there are sentences with an incorrectly used adverbial turnover, such as, for example, like this.
5) Turning on the other side, the bed creaked loudly under him.
6) Having gone out to the balcony to smoke, he fell down.
7) Having overeat pies, my stomach ached.
8) Walking along the night avenue, the lanterns shone brightly.
🙂

Answer from Oliya Cherkasskaya[newbie]
1) The girl, cleaning her room, found a huge number of things that she had long lost.
2) The evening was in no hurry, letting the sunset run amok.
3) I looked at the sunrise without taking my eyes off it.
4) I liked to read a book, dangling my leg.
5) Masha, doing chemistry, was watching a film on literature.
6) The dog, waving its tail and looking back at the owner, walked ahead.
7) Having taken out matches from the pocket, the old man kindled * a fire.
8) Friends worked, rolling up their sleeves.
9) After parting with friends, Ksenya went to the theater.
10) Jumping onto the chair, the kitten curled up into a ball.
11) Having entered the hall, the audience sat down in their places.
12) The boys worked tirelessly.
13) Having rested for several days on the Volga, I returned to my work.
14) Afraid to betray his fear, Zhora lowered his head.
15) Proudly tossing his head, he left the house.
🙂

Answer from Ilyasgafarov2003Ilyas Gafarov[newbie]
1) I liked to read a book while swinging my leg.
2) She was very beautiful when dancing ballet, otherwise I did not see her advantages.
3) You dance like an angel, waving your hand from heaven.
4) When solving the equation, be careful: an error may appear!
5) When preparing for an exam, take a pill so you don't get nervous.

Answer from Nnikkaaa[newbie]
good propositions

Answer from Danil Fandeev[newbie]
It was easy for many to copy, but not to invent. But still okay

Answer from Zumrud Omarova[active]
your mind is just not enough

Answer from Yoasha Permyakov[active]
6 years have already passed. Ehhhh 2011

Participial turnover is a gerund with dependent words. Like a single gerund, it denotes an additional action and is performed by the same person, object or phenomenon that performs the main action. Always isolated. Answers the question "What are you doing?" or “having done what?”. The action usually refers to the subject, for example: summing up the meeting, the minister congratulated all the teachers on the start of the school year.

The participle is an independent part of speech in Russian, which denotes an additional action with the main one. This part of speech combines the features of the verb (kind, pledge and reflexivity) and the adverb (invariability, syntactic role of circumstance). Answers questions by doing what? having done what?

Rule.

When using the adverbial phrase in a sentence, remember that:

1. the main action, expressed by the verb-predicate, and the additional action, expressed by the participle, refer to the same person or object
2. often the adverbial turnover is used in a one-part definite-personal sentence, including with a verb in the form of an imperative mood (where the subject is easily restored)
3. it is possible to use a participial turnover in an impersonal sentence with an infinitive

Sentences with adverbial turnover (examples)

Trap!

The adverbial turnover cannot be used in the following cases:

if the action expressed by the predicate verb and the action expressed by the gerund belong to different persons(subjects):

Jumping off the footboard of the tram, my hat flew off (DO NOT, because "a hat cannot jump from a tram"!)

if in an impersonal sentence there is no infinitive to which the adverbial turnover could refer, but there is a combination of a verb-predicate with a pronoun or noun as an object.

Looking out the window, I felt sad (DO NOT, as there is an addition to me)

if the adverbial turnover refers to passive participles, because in this case, the subject of the action expressed by the predicate and the subject of the action indicated by the gerund) do not match:

Having run away from home, the boy was found (DO NOT, because the boy runs away from the house, but other people find him!)

syntactic rules. Action algorithm.

1) In the turnover in bold, find the gerund (answers the questions: what are you doing? what are you doing?)

2) Select the basis in each variant.

3) If there is no subject in the sentence, try to restore it according to the predicate.

4) If it is impossible to restore the subject in the sentence, see if the producer of the action is indicated in the indirect case.

5) Match the subject in each variant with the participle.

6) The option where the subject performs the action of both the gerund and the predicate is correct.

Parsing the task.

Indicate the grammatically correct continuation of the sentence.

Not counting on help

1) I started to lose strength.

2) The students completed the task on their own.

3) independence is very important.

4) the textbook helps to better cope with difficult material.

We find a gerund: n counting on help - doing what? not counting.

In each option, we find the grammatical basis:

1) strength began to leave me.

2) The students completed the task on their own.

3) independence very important .

4) the textbook helps to better cope with difficult material.

We correlate the participle and the subject by answering the question: who can't count on help? Is not strength, no independence and no textbook. Only students can cope with the task and not count on help.

Correct answer - option number 2.

Also watch the video if something is not clear.

Practice.

1. Indicate the grammatically correct continuation of the sentence.

Analyzing Pushkin's poem "Poltava",

1) critics noted the abundance of colloquial expressions.

2) its “obvious” shortcoming was considered to be an abundance of colloquial expressions.