Checker Dragoon officer arr 1881 1909. Types of checkers in the Russian troops

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Description: Dragoon artillery soldier's saber model 1881, Russia. Production of the Zlatoust arms factory. The blade is steel, slight curvature, single-edged, with one wide fuller on both sides. The combat end is double-edged. The hilt consists of a handle with a head and a brass guard. At the top of the handle there is a figured brass bushing, on top of it there is an oval, convex head. The shank of the blade on the head of the handle is tightened with a screw. At the bottom of the handle is a brass bushing. The guard is formed by the front bow, extending from the outer part of the handle and smoothly turning into a cross. The end of the cross has a hole for a lanyard, slightly bent down and rounded. The scabbard is wooden, covered with leather, with a brass device, consisting of a mouth, a holder with a ring for a belt and a tip. There are many production, registration and acceptance stamps on the blade, guard and scabbard device. Overall length 890 mm; blade length 760 mm; blade width at the base 30 mm. This type of checkers for cavalry and artillery was adopted in 1885 and remained in service until 1927. The checker of 1881 replaced the cavalry and dragoon sabers and cuirassier broadswords for all the lower ranks, who were given this weapon. However, in 1882 some guards cavalry units were left with broadswords and sabers to wear in Peaceful time at dress uniform. The checker was in service until the end of the period under review. After the revolution checkers arr. 1881 were actively used in the years civil war armies of both sides, as well as during the Great Patriotic War. In 1881 - 1888. the scabbard was made with a deck for inserting a bayonet. The metal device of such a scabbard consisted of a mouth, two nuts (the lower one with a triangular bracket for the pass strap) and a tip. In 1888, instead of a deck, two nuts with bayonet sockets were added to the scabbard. In general, only the soldiers' checkers of the dragoon regiments had scabbards with devices for carrying a bayonet. In 1891, the triangular clip on the nut was replaced by a ring. The Zlatoust Arms Factory is an enterprise for the production of edged weapons for the needs of the Russian army and navy. Opened in December 1815. Initially, on the banks of the river. Ai was built several wooden buildings, which housed the main departments of the factory. The construction of the capital stone building of the weapons factory was completed in 1839. It was built according to the project of the chief architect of the Ural Mining Administration I. I. Sviyazev under the supervision of the architect of the Zlatoust factories F. A. Telezhnikov. To establish the production of edged weapons from Germany, German gunsmiths were invited. Subsequently, all production was carried out in-house. The factory had seven departments (steel, blade, scissor, hilt, decorated weapons, etc.), each of which was divided into several workshops. The weapons factory was an independent enterprise and was not formally part of the Zlatoust state-owned factory. As a rule, its director was the mining chief of the Zlatoust plants. The arms factory produced the most different kinds combat, fencing and hunting weapons: sabers, broadswords, checkers, swords, cleavers, daggers, daggers, pikes, espadrons and knives. From 1839 to 1860, cuirasses were also produced here. By the beginning of the XX century. the production of edged weapons was increased to 42 thousand units per year. Zlatoust edged weapons had high combat qualities and were known not only in Russia, but also abroad. It was exhibited at many World Exhibitions and repeatedly won the highest awards. The Zlatoust Arms Factory was one of the best industrial enterprises in Russia in terms of production organization. After 1917, the Arms Factory became one of the workshops of the Zlatoust Mechanical Plant (now JSC Bulat). The last mass batch of edged weapons at the former weapons factory was made in 1945 for the Victory Parade.

The blade is of steel, slight curvature, with one wide valley or two narrow lobes at the butt and a wide lob. The combat end is double-edged. Arbitrary blades were also common.

Wooden scabbard covered with leather. In the 1890s such scabbards were made, covered with rubber. The metal device consists of a mouth, a nut and a tip. There is a bracket on the mouth on the inside, and on the nut there is a ring for the pass belts of the harness: Since 1888, a special recess was made on the mouth for the bracket.

Overall length about 890 mm, blade length about 810 mm, blade width up to 23 mm, weight up to 1150 g.

In 1881, the checker replaced the cavalry, dragoon and infantry sabers and cuirassier broadswords for all officers and generals to whom they were assigned. However, in 1882, broadswords and sabers, respectively, were left to four guards cuirassier regiments and two guards regiments to be worn in peacetime in full dress. Checker arr. 1881/1909 was in service with all those officers and generals who had previously used the dragoon saber arr. 1881 Shashka was in service until the end of the existence of the Russian army.

The hilt consists of a handle with a head and a guard. The handle is wooden, with longitudinal inclined grooves. On the upper part of the handle there is a figured metal sleeve, on which an oval flat head is mounted on top. The guard is formed by the front bow, extending from the upper part of the handle and smoothly passing into the cross. The end of the cross has a hole, slightly bent down and rounded. On the lower part of the handle there is a figured metal sleeve. In 1909 the hilt was slightly changed. The inclination of the handle has increased, a thickening has appeared in its middle part.

The grooves on the handle became transverse and deeper. A floral ornament and the emperor's monogram appeared on the upper sleeve, during whose reign the owner of the weapon received the first officer rank. The head of the handle was made in the form of a curly rosette.

Description:

Antique edged weapons. Checker officer's dragoon model 1881/1909 Russian empire.

Dimensions: blade length with handle - 91.9 cm, blade length - 77.3 cm, blade width at the heel - 3 cm, sheath length - 77.7 cm.

Blade checkers steel, slight curvature, single-edged, with one wide and two narrow valleys along the butt. The combat end is two-bladed rhombic section. The tip is located on the middle line. On the right side, on the heel of the blade, two letters "A" are engraved, one of them is under the crown. On the butt there is a stamp of the Zlatoust arms factory: “Gold. Or. Fabr." At the base of the blade on the right side is engraved the cypher of Emperor Nicholas II under the crown, on the left side - the Russian coat of arms - a double-headed eagle. The hilt consists of a handle with a head and a brass guard.

The handle of the checker is wooden, brown in color, with transverse grooves and a thickening in the middle part. At the top of the handle there is a brass bushing, on top of which there is an oval head in the form of a rosette. The bushing is decorated with floral ornaments and the clogged cypher of the emperor, during whose reign the owner of this checker received his first officer rank. The symbol of imperial Russia has been erased because the saber was received by an officer during the reign of Emperor Nicholas II, but continued to be used after the overthrow of the Romanov dynasty. At the bottom of the handle there is a figured brass bushing. The guard is formed by the front bow, extending from the upper part of the handle and smoothly passing into the cross. The end of the cross has a hole for a lanyard, slightly bent down and rounded. On the left side of the crosspiece, the license plate “57” is stamped, on the right side - “608”. there is a leather lining under the crosspiece.

The scabbard is wooden, covered with black leather. The brass device of the scabbard consists of a mouth, a nut and a tip. On the mouth on the inside there is a bracket, and on the nut there is a ring for the pass belt of the harness. The Dragoon officer's checker of the 1909 model was in service with officers and generals, who previously relied on the dragoon checker of the 1881 model. It was also used after 1917.

Dragoon officer's checker model 1909.

The blade is of steel, slight curvature, with one wide valley or two narrow lobes at the butt and a wide lob. The combat end is double-edged. Arbitrary blades were also common.

Wooden scabbard covered with leather. In the 1890s such scabbards were made, covered with rubber. The metal device consists of a mouth, a nut and a tip. There is a bracket on the mouth on the inside, and on the nut there is a ring for the pass belts of the harness: Since 1888, a special recess was made on the mouth for the bracket.

Overall length about 890 mm, blade length about 810 mm, blade width up to 23 mm, weight up to 1150 g.

In 1881, the checker replaced the cavalry, dragoon and infantry sabers and cuirassier broadswords for all officers and generals to whom they were assigned. However, in 1882, broadswords and sabers were left to four guards cuirassier regiments and two guards hussars, respectively, to be worn in peacetime in full dress. Checker arr. 1881/1909 was in service with all those officers and generals who had previously used the dragoon saber arr. 1881 Shashka was in service until the end of the existence of the Russian army.

The hilt consists of a handle with a head and a guard. The handle is wooden, with longitudinal inclined grooves. On the upper part of the handle there is a figured metal sleeve, on which an oval flat head is mounted on top. The guard is formed by the front bow, extending from the upper part of the handle and smoothly passing into the cross. The end of the cross has a hole, slightly bent down and rounded. On the lower part of the handle there is a figured metal sleeve. In 1909 the hilt was slightly changed. The inclination of the handle has increased, a thickening has appeared in its middle part.

The grooves on the handle became transverse and deeper. A floral ornament and the emperor's monogram appeared on the upper sleeve, during whose reign the owner of the weapon received the first officer rank. The head of the handle was made in the form of a curly rosette.

checker(from the Kabardino-Circassian sa-shkho - letters, a long knife) - slashing and piercing long-bladed cold weapon. Initially on armed Russian irregular cavalry was checker Caucasian type, which had blade slight curvature with two-blade combat end and hilt, consisting of a single handle with a bifurcated head, without any protective devices. So typical Caucasian hilt generally considered one of the main hallmarks checkers as a species edged weapons.

Russians army samples checkers(for example, the dragoon sample of 1881) differed from checkers caucasian type device hilt and scabbard. Blades first army drafts had an average curvature and in shape approached saber.

In 1881, under the guidance and with the direct participation of the famous Russian designer, gunsmith Lieutenant General A.P. Gorlov was reformed weapons, the purpose of which was to establish for all genera troops uniform pattern edged weapons. For a sample for blade Caucasian was taken blade, known as the "top", "... having in the East, in Asia Minor, between the Caucasian peoples and our local Cossacks, high fame as weapon, which has extraordinary advantages in wheelhouse«.

Hilt at first it was supposed to be a single sample, with the protection of the front bow, but then it was decided to leave it for the Cossacks checkers traditional hilts consisting of one handle. As a result, on armament Russian armies Dragoon (officer and soldier) and Cossack (officer and soldier) were adopted checkers. Artillerymen received a shortened version of the dragoon checkers.

Steel arms Caucasian, Ural and other Cossack troops varied significantly throughout the period under review. Only in 1904, by the adoption of armament so-called checkers Asian model managed to regulate to some extent armament lower ranks of the Caucasian Cossacks troops.

A characteristic difference checkers from sabers always had a presence checkers wooden scabbard, covered with leather, with a ring (less often with two rings) for the pass belts of the harness on the convex side (that is, it was suspended in a Caucasian way with a blade back), while sabers rings are always on the concave side scabbard, in the XIX - early. XX century., As a rule, steel. In addition, the checker was worn more often on a shoulder harness, and saber on the belt.

Blade down. Combat double end. Hilt consists of one handle. The handle is wooden, with a forked head, in which there is a hole for a lanyard. There is a metal sleeve on the bottom of the handle. Sheath wooden covered with leather. The metal device consists of a mouth and four nuts. The first and third nuts with rings for the pass belts of the harness. On the second, third and fourth nuts - sockets for bayonet, until the 1870s. trihedral, from the 1870s tetrahedral. Sheath checkers non-commissioned officers and trumpeters (more than 100 per regiment) are not named bayonet sockets, since this category of lower ranks was armed pistols (later revolvers).

The total length is about 1000 mm. length about 880 mm, blade width up to 34 mm, blade curvature on average 70/395 mm, weight about 1400 g.

In 1834 checker replaced cavalry sabers at the lower ranks of the Nizhny Novgorod Dragoon Regiment. In 1858, assigned to the lower ranks of the Seversky Dragoon Regiment, formed in 1856. In 1881. checkers Asian model 1834 were replaced in the Nizhny Novgorod and Seversk dragoon regiments Cossack drafts sample 1881, new 1889, there was a reverse replacement. In 1891 these checkers(without slots for bayonet on the legs were given instead Cossack drafts sergeant majors of the plastun battalions and local teams of the Kuban Cossack army. Subsequently, these sabers were adopted instead of dragoon ones: in 1901 - in the Tver Dragoon Regiment, in 1903 - in the Pereyaslav Dragoon Regiment and the corresponding marching squadrons of the 7th Reserve Cavalry Regiment, as well as in the Novorossiysk Dragoon Regiment . In the above shelves and parts, these checkers were on armed

ASIAN OFFICER'S SHASHKA 1834

different from the soldier checkers by having arbitrary
decorations hilt and scabbard.Since 1834, it was introduced and consisted of armed officers of the same units as the soldier's checker Asian pattern 1834

COSSACK SHASHHKA OF THE LOWER RANKS SAMPLE 1838

Checker Cossack lower ranks
sample 1838

Hilt. Lower Cossack saber
ranks of the sample of 1838

Blade steel, curved, single-edged, with one wide
down. Combat blades.
Hilt

bar turning into a forked head. On the expanding
the lower part of the handle is a metal sleeve.
Sheath wooden covered with leather. metal appliance
consists of a mouth, two nuts with rings for passing harness belts
and tip. On the top nut, the ring is located on the inner
sides. Total length about 1030 mm, length about 875 mm, click width up to 36 mm, average curvature 62/375 mm, weight up to 1500 g. In 1838 checker was assigned to the lower ranks of all Cossack units, with the exception of the Caucasian and Siberian Cossack troops.In 1881 replaced Cossack saber sample 1881

Blade steel, curved, single-edged, with one wide
down. Combat double-edged end. There were also arbitrary blades.
Hilt consists of one handle. Wooden handle, coated
leather, with transverse grooves. The back of the handle is covered with metal
a bar turning into a forked head. There is a metal sleeve on the expanding lower part of the handle. Sheath wooden covered with leather. The metal device consists of a mouth, two nuts with rings for passing straps and a tip. On the
the top nut ring is on the inside
side.Length total about 1030mm, length
about 875mm,click width
up to 36 mm, average curvature 62/375 mm, weight up to 1500 g.
In 1838 checker was assigned to the lower ranks of all Cossack
parts, with the exception of the Caucasian and Siberian Cossack troops.
Replaced in 1881 Cossack saber sample 1881

SHASHKA COSSACK OFFICER SAMPLE 1838

Blade steel, curved, single-edged, with one wide
down. Combat double end. There were also widespread
arbitrary blades.Sheath wooden, covered with leather or morocco. Metal
the device consists of a mouth, two nuts with rings for passing
harness belt and tip. Met also sheath with arbitrary
decorations. Total length approx. 960 mm, blade about 820 mm, width blade up to 35 mm, curvature blade on average 60/360 mm, weight up to 1400 g. In 1838 checker was assigned to the generals and officers of all Cossack units, with the exception of the Caucasian and Siberian Cossack troops. In 1881, the replacement of an officer Cossack saber sample 1881

Hilt consists of one handle. The handle is wooden, covered with leather or morocco, with transverse grooves, along which it is wrapped with twisted wire. The head of the handle is metal bifurcated. On the expanding lower part of the handle there is a metal sleeve. Met also hilts similar device, but with arbitrary decorations.

SOLDIER ARTILLERY PIECE
SAMPLE 1868

It was a shortened soldier's dragoon saber sample 1841 without nests for bayonet on the knives. Overall length about 920mm, length blade about 760 mm, width blade up to 33 mm, curvature blade on average 47/315 mm, weight up to 1450. In 1868, replaced cleavers and soldier dragoon sabers sample 1841 at the lower ranks of foot artillery. In the 1880s gradually replaced by a soldier's dragoon saber pattern 1881 uncut blade and thus finally removed from weapons.

DRAGUN SOLDIER'S SAMPLE 1881

Dragoon soldier's checker sample 1881

Blade steel, slight curvature, single-edged, with one wide fuller. Combat double end. Sheath wooden, covered with leather (in 1891-1901, for the cavalry, and sheath covered with rubber). In 1881 - 1888. sheath were made with a deck for inserting bayonet. A metal device such scabbard consisted of a mouth, two nuts (the lower one with a triangular bracket for a pass belt) and a tip. In 1888, two nuts with sockets for bayonet. In general sheath with wearing accessories bayonet were only soldier's checkers dragoon regiments. In 1891, the triangular clip on the nut was replaced by a ring. 90 Total length approx. 1050 mm, length blade about 870 mm, width blade up to 33 mm, weight up to 1750 ( sheath with a deck), up to 1650 g ( sheath with nuts).

Hilt consists of a handle with a head and guards. The handle is wooden, with longitudinal inclined grooves. On the upper part of the handle there is a figured metal sleeve, on which an oval convex head is mounted on top. The guard is formed by the front bow, extending from the upper part of the handle and smoothly passing into the cross. The end of the cross has a hole, slightly bent down and rounded. There is a metal sleeve on the bottom of the handle. checker replaced in 1881 cavalry and dragoon sabers and cuirassier broadswords all the lower ranks who were supposed to weapon. However, in 1882, some guards cavalry units were left broadswords and sabers checker was on armed until the end of the period under review.

SHASHKA DRAGUNSKAYA OFFICER
SAMPLE 1881 and 1881/1909

Blade steel, slight curvature, with one wide lobes or two narrow lobes at the butt and a wide lob. Combat double end. There were also arbitrary blades.
Sheath wooden covered with leather. In the 1890s such
sheath covered with rubber. The metal device consists of a mouth, a nut and a tip. There is a bracket on the mouth on the inside, and on the nut there is a ring for the pass belts of the harness: Since 1888, a special recess was made on the mouth for the bracket. Overall length about 890 mm, length blade about 810 mm, width
blade up to 23 mm, weight up to 1150 g. checker replaced in 1881
cavalry, dragoon and infantry sabers and cuirassier broadswords from all officers and generals to whom they were assigned. However, in 1882, four guards cuirassier regiments and two guards hussars were left, respectively broadswords and sabers for wearing in peacetime with dress uniform. checker was on armed until the end of the period under review.

Left. Hilt. Dragoon officer's checker sample 1881

On right. Ephesus with monogram. Dragoon officer's checker model 1881/1909

Hilt consists of a handle with a head and guards. The handle is wooden, with longitudinal inclined grooves. On the upper part of the handle there is a figured metal sleeve, on which an oval flat head is mounted on top. The guard is formed by the front bow, extending from the upper part of the handle and smoothly passing into the cross. The end of the cross has a hole, slightly bent down and rounded. On the lower part of the handle there is a figured metal sleeve. In 1909 the hilt was slightly changed. The inclination of the handle has increased, a thickening has appeared in its middle part. The grooves on the handle became transverse and deeper. A floral ornament and the emperor's monogram appeared on the upper sleeve, during whose reign the owner weapons received his first officer rank. The head of the handle was made in the form of a curly rosette.

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Based on materials: Kulinsky A.N. "Russian edged weapons of military, naval and civil ranks of 1800-1917"
The book can be found on our forum.