28 Panfilovites investigation by the prosecutor's office. The State Archives of Russia has published a document about the so-called

The State Archive of the Russian Federation published documents refuting the feat of 28 Panfilov's men. DOCUMENT

The State Archive of Russia refuted the story "about the feat of the Panfilov heroes" by publishing a certificate, according to which the whole story is a fantasy of journalists.

A scan of the certificate-report of the chief military prosecutor of the USSR Nikolai Afanasiev appeared on the website of the State Archives in connection with "numerous appeals from citizens, institutions and organizations."

The report was prepared in May 1948 by the chief military prosecutor of the USSR Armed Forces, Lieutenant General of Justice Nikolai Afanasyev, and in June handed over to Andrei Zhdanov, Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. The document labeled "Top Secret" says that the story of the feat of 28 fighters of the division under the command of Major General Ivan Panfilov, who allegedly stopped german tanks in the battle near Moscow on November 19, 1941, does not correspond to reality and is a fiction of the journalists of the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper.

Information about the feat of 28 Panfilov soldiers (fighters of the 316th rifle division), who at the cost of their lives stopped a German tank battalion at the Dubosekovo station in the Moscow region, first appeared in this edition, and all other messages and literary works on given topic they just reprint this information without adding anything new. As a result of a series of publications, the names of all 28 Panfilovites were disclosed.

The story of the battle was used as an example of the heroism and self-sacrifice of the Red Army soldiers. Soldiers posthumously awarded the title of Hero Soviet Union and erected a monument. The feat is spoken of in the anthem of Moscow and in many literary works. The phrase "Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat!", which political instructor Klochkov allegedly uttered before his death, was included in Soviet school and university history textbooks.

The deception was revealed back in 1947, when one of the soldiers listed in the list of dead soldiers, Ivan Dobrobabin, was arrested for treason. He confirmed that the battle, which was written about in the newspaper, really took place, but he did not perform any feats and voluntarily surrendered to the Germans (and served as their police chief in the village of Perekop, Kharkov region).

The investigation also established that in addition to Dobrobabin, four more soldiers survived in the battle near Dubossekov: Illarion Vasiliev, Grigory Shemyakin, Ivan Shadrin and Daniil Kuzhebergenov. The latter (he also visited German captivity) said that he did not participate in that battle at all. And Ivan Natarov, who allegedly told about the feat, was killed two days before the legendary battle.

Earlier, information that the feat was invented had already leaked to the media, and some journalists even wrote about the certificate, but so far its scans have not appeared in the public space.

In May 1948, the chief military prosecutor of the USSR Armed Forces, Lieutenant General of Justice Nikolai Afanasyev, prepared a report for the Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks Andrei Zhdanov

The producer of the film about the Panfilovites Andrey Shalopa said that the State Archives is engaged in the destruction of moral pillars

The publication of the report could hurt film industry workers who have decided to make a film about the legendary fighters.

At the same time, the producers of the film about, as it turned out, fictional characters are not going to stop working.

In a commentary to the publication "Titr", the producer of the film "28 Panfilov's Men" Andrei Shalopa said that he had no doubts about the valor of the fighters, and he called the refutation of the falsifications of history "the weakening of the moral supports of the people." In his opinion, the document does not refute the feat in any way, but "confirms it", since it says that the battle near Dubosekovo really took place.

"Personally, I see no reason to doubt the valor of the fighters named by him. Not to mention the fact that the vast majority of them died heroically," he said, emphasizing that it is impossible to "debunk national feats" because "these are simple examples that allow us to educate new generations."

"These are sacred things. Trying to debunk national exploits is possible only in order to weaken the moral foundations of the people. One can hardly think of a noble motive for this," Shalopa said.

The first part of filming took place in June. According to the authors of the film, they managed to raise 33 million rubles with the help of crowdfunding out of the declared amount of 60 million. Earlier, the creation of the film was supported by the Minister of Culture of the Russian Federation Vladimir Medinsky.

His check "organs" was carried out from 1942 to 1944

In the dispute about the legendary feat of 28 Panfilov's men, which has been troubling us for several years now, new weighty evidence has appeared in favor of the reality of this high-profile episode of the Great Patriotic War. On the eve of the next anniversary of the start of the counter-offensive Soviet troops near Moscow in 1941, a briefing was held at the Russian Military Historical Society, at which newly declassified documents were presented that prove that the feat of 28 fighters from the Panfilov division really took place in the battles near Volokolamsk.

Chairman of the RVIO, Minister of Culture of the Russian Federation Vladimir Medinsky, speaking at the beginning of the briefing, explained:

For two recent years RVIO scientists were given the task of clarifying as much as possible, confirming with documents, all the circumstances of the hostilities in November 1941 near Volokolamsk. During this period, our specialists applied to all archives where relevant documentary evidence can be found. And not so long ago we received information that a whole complex of documents was found in the Central Archive of the FSB - a voluminous folder with materials for checking the circumstances related to the legendary epic of 28 Panfilov heroes. Just a few days ago, these materials were declassified as "secret", and our specialists began their thorough study.

As Vladimir Medinsky further noted, this work is still ongoing. However, it can already be stated now that the discovered materials show that those events related to the feat of 28 Panfilov’s men, which are being discussed so much now, really took place. As for those documents of the prosecutor's check conducted in 1948, which are referred to by those who believe that this feat is a fiction, it should be recognized that, for various reasons, that post-war check was very politicized and therefore biased. And yes, a lot of time has passed since the events themselves.

Meanwhile, the newly discovered documentary materials in the archives of the special services have been collected in hot pursuit - a few months after that heroic battle.

This first thorough check was launched in May 1942 by the NKVD, then it was conducted by military counterintelligence"Smersh". The last documents date back to 1944.

Among the declassified is a case entitled "Materials on the incorrect design of award materials in the 8th Guards Rifle Division for 28 Panfilov heroes," which counterintelligence agencies conducted in May-December 1942.

As experts explained, one of the reasons for conducting a thorough investigation into the circumstances of the battle at the Dubosekovo junction, which took place on November 16, 1941, was the case of the Red Army soldier Daniil Kuzhebergenov. According to the preserved report of the head of the Special Department of the NKVD of the Western Front, "in the middle of November in the Volokolamsk direction" he voluntarily surrendered to the Germans. However, after 7 hours of being in captivity, Kuzhebergenov “under very dubious circumstances” fled from the Nazis. The security officers who checked the Red Army soldier noticed that a person with exactly the same surname was on the list of 28 Panfilov heroes presented for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. As indicated in the report addressed to the head of the Department of Special Departments of the NKVD of the USSR Abakumov, being arrested after returning from the enemy side, Kuzhebergenov "at first attributed to himself the participation in the heroic deed of 28 heroes, but later retracted his testimony."

As a result of the inspection, it was possible to find out that another Red Army soldier Kuzhebergenov, Askar, fought and died at the Dubosekovo junction with the Nazis. It was he who was posthumously awarded the title of Hero.

Dealing with the case of the “double”, the employees of the authorities began checking other fighters from among the 28 Panfilov men on the list for assignment high rank. At the same time, some inaccuracies and overlays were discovered, which was the reason for starting a thorough check of all the circumstances of that battle. During this check on July 5, 1942, the head of the Special Department of the 8th Guards division(former 316th) interrogated several commanders of the 1075th rifle regiment- direct participants in the fighting near Volokolamsk.

Answering the question where and when 28 Panfilov guardsmen fought with tanks and who specifically led this battle, the former military commissar of the 1075th rifle regiment, senior battalion commissar Akhmedzhan Mukhamedyarov explained: “... To the second platoon of the 4th rifle company in the area of ​​​​the Dubosekovo junction the first attack was made by the enemy. The platoon first repulsed the attack of the enemy submachine gunners ... After the unsuccessful attack of the submachine gunners, the enemy launched several dozen tanks against the regiment's defense in this direction ... Political instructor of the 4th rifle company, comrade. Klochkov, recognizing the dangerous situation in the area of ​​​​the second platoon of the company, goes there ... In this direction, up to 50 enemy tanks went against the second platoon. Unequal fight lasted 4-5 hours, the heroes, having let the tanks in close range, hand grenades and with bottles of fuel they knocked out and destroyed 18 enemy tanks ... I declare with all responsibility that the fact of an unprecedented manifestation of mass heroism on the part of 28 Panfilov guardsmen, led by the political instructor of the company Klochkov Vasily Georgievich at the Dubosekovo junction on November 16, 1941, took place ... "

Further, in his testimony, Mukhamedyarov noted that documents with the presentation of 28 Panfilov heroes were drawn up in early January 1942 by several regiment commanders, who were instructed to clarify all the data of the awarded. However, these commanders reacted to the task entrusted to them "frivolously and irresponsibly." As a result of this, as well as the “poor condition in the personnel accounting and reporting regiment,” some errors could have been made in the documents.

The work then, during the war years, was carried out very large, thorough, - emphasized Dr. historical sciences, a specialist in the field of studying the history of domestic special services Alexander Zdanovich. - However, as you can easily see, none of the 28 Panfilovites was deprived of the title of Hero as a result. So there is no doubt about the reality of this feat and the correctness of the list of awardees compiled as a result of all checks and clarifications.

If all the soldiers died and the front returned to this place only a month later, then who told this story and was believed at the army headquarters?
Having asked such a question, comrade Salador continued the investigation of the feat of "28 Panfilov's men" that had begun earlier.

And here's what I came up with...

The investigation was based on the document of the chief military prosecutor N. Afanasyev "On 28 Panfilovites" dated May 10, 1948.

Today, reading the comments, I realized that this is a prosecutor and his task was to deprive Dobrobarin and Kuzhebergenov of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, who were captured by the Germans. The prosecutor did an excellent job with his task - planting Dobrobarin I.E. for 15 years and depriving him of all awards.

What's weird about the document no evidence of any participant in the events, but only persons who did not participate.

Is it to Heroes Vasiliev I.R., Shemyakin G.M. and Shadrin I.D. also no trust? Why there is an interrogation of the newspaper editor, but there is not a single interrogation of heroes?

Thanks to the materials laid out by the comrades, we move on.

There is also data on enemy losses of 800 people and 15 tanks.

But in a political report, there is nothing about the feat of the 4th company where did the reporters get it from?

Maybe the report was watered not from the 1075th regiment, but from another.

We look at the map of the location of the units of the 16th army on 11/15/1941.

As you can see, to the left of the 1075th regiment is the 43rd cavalry regiment of the 50th cavalry division.

From the west is the 2nd tank division with two tank battalions with 65 and 40 tanks. From the south 5 Panzer Division (maybe 11 TD is unclear) with two tank battalions of 50 tanks. We also see the marked battle dated 11/15/41.

Total located in this area up to 205 enemy tanks, as well as the sizes of tank battalions are the same with articles in newspapers - 50 tanks.

Then we look at what the Germans write on this day - the combat journal (ZHBI) of the German 2nd Panzer Division, which was advancing in that place.

Scan and translation of concrete goods 2 td for 11/16/1941:

6:30 am Angriffsbeginn. Ab 7:00 Uhr Unterstutzung durch Zerstörer.

6:30 The attack began. From 7:00 _Zerstorer__ support ( assault guns, Bf-110?)

07:40 erreicht Kampfgruppe 2 Nelidowo. Wenig Feind.
Die Unterstützung durch 5PD erfolgt nicht, vielmehr soll 11PD den Angriff unterstützen. Sie kann aber erst am 16.11. nachmittags die 5PD ablösen. Damit ist auch die 3 Forderung der Division beim 5AK, nämlich Unterstützung auf rechter Flanke, unerfüllt. Weder hat man der Div. die Aufklärungsstaffel "1(H)/14" bewilligt, noch Betriebsstoff mit Hilfe anderer Kolonien herangefahren.

07:40 Battle Group 2 reached Nelidovo. Few enemies.
Support from the 5th AP does not come, on the contrary, the attack must be supported by the 11th AP. But they will be able to replace the 5th TD only on 16.11.
There is also a requirement of the division to the 5th AK, namely the support of the right flank, unfulfilled. No one approved for the division the reconnaissance detachment 1 (H) / 14, as well as the supply of fuel with the help of the remaining colonies. (maybe columns?)

7:45 erhält Kampfgruppe 1 Befehl, starke Sicherung mit 5cm Pak und le.F.R. an Strasse nach Istra zu belassen und Minensperren gegen Feindpanzer auszulegen.

7:45 fireteam 1 receives order, increased attention by moving 5cm Pak and le.F.R. on the road to Istra and set up minefields against enemy tanks.

8:00 meldet AR74 Morosowa und Schirjajewa durch Kampfgruppe 1 genommen. Feindwiderstand bishergering.
9.13 erreicht Kampfgruppe 1 Petelinki.
9.45 meldet Kampfgruppe 2: Feldstellungen nördlich. Potinky genommen. Sudrand Nikolskoje erreicht. Gegner in Feldstellungen nördlich. Nikolskoje. Greifen weiter an.
10.12 erreicht Kampfgruppe 1 Waldrand 1 km nördl. Petelinki.

08:00 it is announced that AR74 Morozovo and Shiryaev are occupied by combat group 1. Enemy opposition is still weak.
9.13 Battle Group 1 reaches Petelniki.
At 0945, combat group 2 reports: the field fortifications north of Potinka have been taken. The southern outskirts of Nikolsky have been reached. enemy in field fortifications north of Nikolsky. The movement continues.
10.12 Battle group 1 reaches the border of the forest 1 km north of Petelniki.

10:30 meldet AR74: Vordere Line bei Kampfgruppe 1 am Waldrand 300 m nördl. Schirjajewa. Feel im Wald. Spähtrupps erkunden Weg.
Gleichzeitig meldet linker Nachbar 35ID, dass der Feind aus Richtung Buigorodoin Gegend Bolow in Rgt. Starke angreift.
Neue Erfahrungen mit russisch Fernzündunggeräten.

1030 AR74 reports: Front line in front of Combat Group 1 300 meters north of Shiryaevo. Enemy in the forest. Patrols scout the way. At this time, the left neighbor, the 35th Infantry Division, reports that the enemy is moving into the regiment by force from the Buigorodin-Bolov area. Strong attack. New experience with Russian remote ignition devices. (apparently they mean MLRS, "Katyusha" that is)

13:30 Zwischenmeldung an V.A.K.: Kampfgruppe 1 im Kampf mit Gegner, der sich in Waldrändern der Straße zäh verteidigt, in Line nördlich Schirjajewa - 1.5 km south Petelinki. Kampfgruppe 2 stellt sich etwa 2600 m nördl Nikolskaja zum Kampf gegen Gegner im Wald südl. Bessowka-Bach bereit. Kampfgruppe 3 säubert mit rechtem Flügel Raum westl. Nelidowo - Nikolskaja.
Eindruck: Der an sich nicht allzustarke Feind verteidigt sich unter Ausnützung des Waldgebietes südlich der Strasse zäh.
Kampfgruppe 2 meldet: Btl. mit 2Kp. im Angriff in vorderster Line 800 m South Srasse bei Jadrowa. Panzer sichern nach Ubergang Fluss Bessowka. Seit Nikolskaja nur schwacher Feind.

13.30 Report to the 5th AC: battle group 1 in battle with the enemy, who is stubbornly defending on the outskirts of the forest south of the road, on the line north of Shiryaev - 1.5 km south of Petelniki. Battle Group 2 is advancing 2600 meters north of Nikolsky to be ready to engage the enemy in the forest south of the Bessovka stream. Combat group 3 clears the right echelon (construction, apparently) the space to the west of Nelidovo-Nikolskoye.

13.20 Kampfgruppe 1: Feindstellungen im Walde nördlich Petelinki durchbrochen. Vorgehen durch Baumsperren und Minen verzögert.
Kampfgruppe 1 und 2 werden verständigt über fdl. Panzerangriff von Bordinki Richtung Pescalkowa.
Weitere Feindpanzer im Wald Nordlich Bordiniki.
Der Angriff wird nachmittags durch 35ID abgeschlagen, 12 Feindpanzer abgeschossen. Weitere Nachricht an Kampfgruppe 1: 5PD geht nach Ablösung durch Teile der 11PD nach Alexandrowka vor und ferner: an Strasse Popowkina nach Buigorod zahlreiche Minen links und rechts der Strasse, die bei Auslösung hochspringen sollen.
Mitteilung an Kampfgruppe 2: Mulde zwischen Tschepzy und Gorki stark vermint.

1320 Battle group 1: Enemy positions in the forest north of Petelniki are breached. The process was slowed down by blockages and mines. Battle groups 1 and 2 will work together. (?) Tank attack from Bordniki to Peskalovka. Enemy tanks in the forest north of Bordniki. By evening, the attack was repulsed by the 35th Infantry Division, 12 tanks were destroyed. Further messages to battle group 1: 5th TD is being replaced by units of the 11th TD in front of Aleksandrovka (?), and also: on the Popovkin road to Buigorod, mines are laid on the left and right, which bounce when cocked. Message to Battle Group 2: The area between Tsepnoy and Gorki is heavily mined.

14:00 Kampfgruppe 1: Roshdestweno erreicht.

It's already clear here. Christmas - already in the rear of the Soviet positions.

14:15 Kampfgruppe 2: Jadrowo genommen. Strasse vermint. Btl. saubert Wald um Jadrowo. Aufklärung nach Norden angesetzt.
15:00 meldet AR74: eigene Schützen im weiteren Vorgehen auf Mykanino. Haben Ortsrand erreicht.
15:15 Kampfgruppe 1: Lyszewo erreicht.
Von Kampfgruppe 3 beteiligt sich seit 12.15 2SR304 an der Säuberung des Zwischengeländes bei Kampfgruppe 2. 3Kp geht nach Nelidowo und sichert nach Osten, während 2Kp in Nikolskaja bleibt. IISR304 stellt Verbindung mit Kampfgruppe 2 bei Jadrowo her. 7SR304 ist mit IR109 auf Tschepzy vorgegangen und am Abend vor der Ortschaft liegen geblieben. SR304 erhält (18.15 Uhr) Befehl für 17.11: mit Teilen bei Morgengrauen Kampfgruppe 2 in Mykanino ablösen. Panzerkompanien treten zu Kampfgruppe 3. Strasse Wolokolamsk-Istra entminen. Ausgangsstellung für 18.11 durch Inbesitznahme von Golubzowa und Awdotino erreichen. Kampfgruppe 1 hat Weisung, Angriff zu unterstützen. Kampfgruppe 1 and 2 setzen Pi.Kompanien zur Entminung der Strasse ein.

Pay attention to some data:

1030 AR74 reports: Front line in front of Combat Group 1 300 meters north of Shiryaevo. Enemy in the forest. Patrols scout the way.
from the road to the line. Battle Group 2 turns south from a position 2600 m north of Bol. Nikolskoe to fight the enemy in the forest. Combat group 3 clears the right echelon (construction, apparently) the space to the west of Nelidovo-Nikolskoye.
Impression: A not too strong opponent defends stubbornly, using woodlands south of the road.
Combat Team 2 reports: Battalion with 2 companies on the attack in front of the line 800 meters south of the road to Yadrovo. Tanks move forward to cover the crossing over the Bessovka creek. From Nikolskaya - a weak opponent.

It turns out from 10:30 1 battle group cannot break through in the forest north of Shiryaevo and south of Petlino (just a forest near Dubosekovo). By 13:30, the second group had broken through the entire defense of the regiment and was turning to help the 1st group.
Here is the layout of the battalions, as we can see, the 2nd battalion of the 1075th regiment, which includes the 4th company, occupied just that place.

From the testimony of the former commander of the 1075th joint venture, Colonel I. Kaprov:

The fourth company was commanded by captain Gundilovich, political instructor Klochkov ... She occupied the defense - Dubosekovo, Petelino. By November 16, 1941, there were 120-140 people in the company. My command post was behind the Dubosekovo junction at the crossing booth about 1 ½ km from the positions of the 4th company. I do not remember now whether there were anti-tank rifles in the 4th company, but I repeat that in the entire 2nd battalion there were only 4 anti-tank rifles. By November 16, the division was preparing for an offensive battle, but the Germans were ahead of us. From the early morning of November 16, 1941, the Germans made a large air raid, and then a strong artillery preparation, which especially hit the position of the 2nd battalion.

I dotted all the time from the magazine of the German 2td and our 316th sd, that's what happens.

. Reconstruction of events from logs.

On November 16, at 08:00, an attack began from the south of the 2nd tank battalions. 1st TB crushed the positions of the 5th company 1075 regiment and 43 cp 50 cd and went to the rear of the 1075 regiment.

The 2nd TB like a knife went through the 4th and 6th companies of the 2nd battalion and 3rd battalion to 11:30 was at height 251 as we see on the map, this is the right point of defense of the 1075th regiment.

That is the regiment's positions were completely destroyed in 3 and a half hours.

So within 40-45 minutes the enemy crushed the location of the 2nd battalion, and within 3 hours crushed the location of the regiment and the regiment retreated together with the 4th company of Gundelevich.

But at 11:30, part of the 1TB turns around and goes to Shiryaevo, what happened there?

1030 AR74 reports: Front line in front of Combat Group 1 300 meters north of Shiryaevo. Enemy in the forest.

It turns out that the soldiers in the forest missed the tanks and began to destroy the infantry. In the forest could be part of the 5th company and part of the 4th company.

13:30 V.A.K Interim Report: Fireteam 1 confronts the enemy, stubbornly defending himself in the forest to the south from the road to the line north of Shiryaevo - 1.5 km south of Petelino. Battle Group 2 turns south from a position 2600m north of Bol. Nikolskoe to fight the enemy in the forest.

1320 Battle Group 1: Enemy positions in the forest from the north. The loops are broken. The process was slowed down by blockages and mines. Battlegroups 1 and 2 acted jointly.

Until 13:20 (14:20 Moscow time), the Panfilovites held the defense of the site.

During this time, the Germans defeated the defenses of the entire division, they were already on the way to the headquarters of the 316th rifle division.

Come to Rozhdestveno.
Core busy.

The next report of the headquarters of the 316th division. arrives at 2:00 on 11/18/41, where it is indicated that all units retreated and 100-150 people remained in the regiments.

And a few hours later the division commander was killed Panfilov Ivan Vasilievich.

. So he said the same about the feat of the Panfilovites?.

Let's look at the reports of the neighboring 50 Cavalry Division.

It turns out that the enemy was unable to develop an attack in this direction, and by the end of the day the cavalry division counterattacked and returned to their original positions.

So they saw 18 wrecked tanks and picked up the wounded Panfilov.

This also proves that some Panfilov's men ended up in the Dovator cavalry unit - Kozhabergenov Daniil Alexandrovich, Vasiliev Illarion Romanovich, Shemyakin Grigory Melentievich.

Report to the political department that Kozhabergenov's wife receives letters from the cavalry corps:

Eventually 50 cd after the counterattack on 11/16/41 returned to its original positions. During reconnaissance, it was discovered that 18 tans were burned down near the fortifications of the neighboring regiment. In the trenches they found the wounded Panfilovs and sent them to the hospital.

And the political instructor of the cavalry unit (I think that his last name was Diev) sent a political report about the feat of the Panfilovites to the army headquarters, where it was provided to correspondents.

But for 75 years, neither correspondents, nor the prosecutor, nor historians thought to look for confirmation of this feat in watered reports in the Dovator cavalry unit.

How were front-line correspondents able to "give birth" to a feat?

Our "classic" Russian- soviet history once again being tested for strength. More precisely - on objectivity. This time the "knot" was tied around the feat of the legendary 28 Panfilov. A document has been posted on the website of the State Archives of the Russian Federation, from which it follows that none of these twenty-eight heroes actually existed. And their feat is just a fiction of military journalists.

Calculation 45 mm anti-tank gun 53-K on the outskirts of a village near Moscow, 1941

Does the word "legendary" in relation to these warriors really need to be quoted?

On the GARF website we read: “In connection with numerous appeals from citizens, institutions and organizations, we are posting a certificate-report of the Chief Military Prosecutor N. Afanasyev “On 28 Panfilovites” dated May 10, 1948 based on the results of an investigation by the Main Military Prosecutor’s Office, stored in the fund of the USSR Prosecutor’s Office (GA Russian Federation F. R-8131).

"Top secret. Reference-report "On 28 Panfilovites". In November 1947, the military prosecutor's office of the Kharkov garrison arrested and prosecuted Dobrobabin Ivan Evstafyevich for treason. The materials of the investigation established that, while at the front, Dobrobabin voluntarily surrendered to the Germans and in the spring of 1942 entered their service ... Dobrobabin's guilt was fully established, and he himself confessed to committing crimes. When Dobrobabin was arrested, a book about "28 Panfilov Heroes" was found, and it turned out that he was one of the main participants in this heroic battle, for which he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. By interrogation of Dobrobabin, it was established that he really was in the Dubosekovo region, was slightly wounded and captured by the Germans, but did not perform any feats, and everything that is written about him in the book about the Panfilov heroes is not true.

It was further established that, in addition to Dobrobabin, Vasiliev Illarion Romanovich, Shemyakin Grigory Melentievich, Shadrin Ivan Ivanovich, and Kuzhebergenov Daniil Aleksandrovich, who were also on the list of 28 Panfilov soldiers who died in battle with German tanks, survived.

Therefore, it became necessary to investigate the very circumstances of the battle of 28 guards from the division. Panfilov, which took place on November 16, 1941 at the Dubosekovo junction.

The investigation established: For the first time, a message about the battle of the guardsmen of the Panfilov division appeared in the newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda on November 27, 1941. The essay by the front-line correspondent Koroteev described the heroic battles of the guardsmen of the division named after. Panfilov with enemy tanks. In particular, it was reported about the battle of the 5th company of the N-th regiment ... with 54 German tanks, during which 18 tanks were destroyed. It was said about the participants in the battle that "everyone died, but the enemy was not missed." On November 28, Krasnaya Zvezda published an editorial titled “Testament of 28 Fallen Heroes” ... The editorial was written by the literary secretary of Krasnaya Zvezda Krivitsky ... In 1942, in the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper dated January 22, Krivitsky published an essay under the heading "About 28 fallen heroes", in which he wrote in detail about the feat of 28 Panfilov's men .., for the first time naming their names ...

All the essays and stories, poems and poems about the 28 Panfilovites, which appeared later in print, were written either by Krivitsky or with his participation and in various options repeat his essay "About 28 Fallen Heroes"...

The check in relation to this battle was carried out by the senior instructor of the 4th department of the GlavPURKKA, the senior battalion commissar Minin, who reported ... to the head of the Orginspektorsky department: “The 4th company of the 1075th rifle regiment, in which (as in the text of the report - ed.) 28 heroes were born -Panfilov, occupied the defense of Nelidovo-Dubosekovo-Petelino. On November 16, 1941, the enemy ... big forces tanks and infantry went on the offensive. As a result of the battles, under the influence of superior enemy forces, the 1075th Infantry Regiment suffered heavy losses and retreated to a new defensive line ... No one knew about the feat 28 either during the battles or immediately after the battle, and they were not popularized among the masses. The legend of 28 heroes who fought and died heroically began ... with articles by Krivitsky and others.

Regarding his correspondence published in the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper dated November 27, 1941, Koroteev testified: “About November 23-24, 1941, I ... was at the headquarters of 16 ... Egorov, the commissar of the Panfilov division ... gave an example heroic battle of one company with German tanks, 54 tanks advanced on the line of the company, and the company delayed them, destroying some of them. Yegorov ... told from the words of the regiment's commissar, who also did not participate in the battle with German tanks ... Yegorov recommended writing in the newspaper about the heroic battle, having previously read the political report received from the regiment ... The political report spoke about the battle of the company with tanks the enemy, and that the company stood "to death" - died, but did not retreat, and only two people turned out to be traitors, raised their hands to surrender, but were destroyed by our fighters. The report did not mention the number of company soldiers who died in this battle, and did not mention their names ... We did not establish this even from conversations with the regiment commander ... Upon arrival in Moscow, I reported the situation to the editor of the newspaper Ortenberg, told about the battle of the company with enemy tanks ... Ortenberg asked me how many people were in the company. I answered him that the composition of the company, apparently, was incomplete, about 30-40 people ... I did not know that a front line on this topic was being prepared, but Ortenberg called me again and asked how many people were in the company. I told him that about 30 people. Thus, the number of 28 people who fought appeared, since out of 30 two turned out to be traitors ... "

Interrogated in the present case, Krivitsky testified that when Ortenberg, the editor of Krasnaya Zvezda, suggested that he write an editorial published in the newspaper dated November 28, 1941, Ortenberg himself named the number of Panfilov guards fighting enemy tanks - 28. Where did Ortenberg get this figure , Krivitsky does not know ... When it became known that the place where the battle took place was liberated from the Germans, Krivitsky, on behalf of Ortenberg, went to the Dubosekovo junction. Together with the commander of the regiment Kaprov, commissar Mukhamedyarov and the commander of the 4th company Gundilovich, Krivitsky went to the battlefield, where they found three corpses of our soldiers under the snow. However, Kaprov could not answer the question about the names of the fallen heroes. “He instructed Mukhamedyarov and Gundilovich to do this, who compiled a list, taking information from some kind of statement or list ... Arriving in, I wrote a basement in the newspaper under the heading “About 28 fallen heroes.” The basement was sent for a visa to the PUR. When talking in PUR with comrade. He was interested in Krapivin, where did I get the words of the political instructor Klochkov: "Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat - behind Moscow." I answered him that I had invented it myself ... I did not talk to any of the wounded or surviving guardsmen. From the local population, I spoke only with a boy of 14-15 years old, who showed the grave where Klochkov was buried ... "

The names of the heroes for inclusion in the list at the request of Krivitsky were given to him by the company commander Gundilovich. The latter was killed in battle in April 1942, and it was not possible to check on what basis he gave the list. The former commander of the 1075 Kaprov Rifle Regiment, interrogated about the circumstances of the battle of 28 guardsmen from the Panfilov division at the Dubosekovo junction .., testified: “There was no battle between 28 Panfilov’s men and German tanks at the Dubosekovo junction on November 16, 1941 - this is a complete fiction. On this day, the 4th company fought with German tanks at the Dubosekov junction as part of the 2nd battalion, and really fought heroically. More than 100 people died from the company, and not 28, as they wrote about it in the newspapers. None of the correspondents contacted me during this period, I never told anyone about the battle of 28 Panfilov's men. Yes, and I could not speak, because there was no such battle ... Captain Gundilovich gave Krivitsky names from memory ... Subsequently, after lengthy clarifications of surnames, only in April 1942, ready-made award lists and a general a list of 28 guards to me in the regiment for signature. I signed these sheets for conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on 28 guardsmen. Who was the initiator of compiling the list and award lists for 28 guards - I don’t know.”

Thus, the materials of the investigation established that the feat of 28 Panfilov guardsmen, covered in the press, is a fiction of the correspondent Koroteev, the editor of Krasnaya Zvezda Ortenberg, and especially the literary secretary Krivitsky. Chief Military Prosecutor of the USSR Armed Forces Lieutenant-General of Justice N. Afanasiev. May 10, 1948."

What were the consequences of such exposure of the military prosecutors? In June 1948, the scandalous results of the investigation were handed over in the form of a memo to the Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, Andrei Zhdanov. However " chief ideologue USSR "at that time was already seriously ill, he was clearly not up to litigation with the imaginary and real heroes of the past war. - As a result, the issue was decided “at the top” chamberly and half-heartedly. The memo was “taken into account”, the notorious “not a hero, but a traitor” Dobrobabin was deprived of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union by a special Decree of the Presidium of the Armed Forces, and the question of all 28 Panfilov’s men and their feat was “slowed down”, without giving the conclusions of the Military Prosecutor’s Office a move .

These fighters and commanders, who really fought in the Panfilov division near Moscow, continue to be heroes for more than 60 years - and now they are already heroes of two countries: and Kazakhstan (after all, it was in this steppe country that the division was formed).

The information that “not everything is clean” with 28 Panfilovites appeared before. In collections of archival documents more than 10 years ago, for example, materials about the “traitor hero” Dobrobabin were published (MK also wrote about this scandalous case). And in June of this year, the director of the GARF, Sergei Mironenko, at one of the public events in the capital, directly said that the feat of these 28 did not exist.

Last week, during a press conference attended by the author of these lines, Sergei Vladimirovich was asked to comment on such information. In response, he announced the forthcoming publication of a declassified document on the GARF website, and then said briefly: “Yes, it turns out that there were no 28 Panfilov heroes and their feat. But there was a feat of the fighters of the entire Panfilov division, which defended Moscow in the hardest battles at the beginning of the winter of 1941 ... ".

Now, in fresh wake after the appearance of the document on a public website, heated debate flares up between supporters of "traditional history" and those who stand up for the "restoration of historical justice." Information has already appeared about the extremely negative attitude towards the GARF publication of the granddaughter of General Panfilov and many representatives of veteran organizations in Kazakhstan. And the creators of the new film being filmed just these days feature film"28 Panfilov" declared that they would continue this work.

Of course, such a noticeable "stuffing of information" that has occurred can no longer be ignored, it can simply be brushed aside. All the facts mentioned in the 1948 secret memo need to be verified. To do this, a commission of professionals - historians, military men, archivists - will be created. Moreover, not only ours, but also Kazakh ones.

The materials just presented on the GARF website, on the one hand, of course, are official documents, says historian Matvey Sviridov. - But on the other hand, how few examples do we know when just in official documents allowed - and often deliberately! - "deformation" of real events? Unfortunately, the official Soviet history, for the sake of ideological and political interests, often carries distorted information, regales us with "Soviet gloss". After all, the story about the feat of 28 Panfilov's men, which initially sounded so convincing, appeared precisely for the sake of propaganda - this is also stated in the text of the memo of the military prosecutor.

But what if the "anti-Panfilov" data is finally confirmed? What to do then with the numerous monuments, streets and avenues named after 28 Panfilov heroes?

And you don't have to do anything! - Moscow local historian Vasily Pachin is sure. - We already have a historical character, whose life and work, in the opinion of many citizens of Russia, is not at all as remarkable as it used to be considered - Lenin. So what? His monuments stand for themselves, and let them stand if, in addition, they are also made by talented sculptors! And the stormy wave of renaming Lenin streets has already subsided. Lenin was? - Here's a reminder of him, and let everyone formulate an assessment of the deeds and role of this leader in the history of the country and the world. It is the same with monuments and streets in honor of the Panfilov heroes. Did these people really exist, fought near Moscow, defending the capital from a terrible enemy? Here's a reminder for you...

Do you know any of the Panfilov heroes, except perhaps political instructor Klochkov, by last name? - Another local historian, Leonid Polyanchuk, met me with a question to a question. - So I don't know, and almost everyone else! So, even if all the information from this previously classified note is confirmed, let's now just "broadly" interpret this name itself - "the name of the Panfilov heroes": we will assume that the street or avenue is named after all the fighters, commanders, political instructors of the division Panfilov. As far as I understand, in general, the feat of the soldiers of this division in the winter of 1941 in the battles in the west of the Moscow Region does not cause any doubts? The same can be done with the grandiose monument erected 40 years ago in the neighborhood of the village of Nelidovo and the former Dubosekovo junction: do not break it, but “repurpose” it, calling it a monument to all Panfilov soldiers. (By the way, the authors of the monument, as if anticipating such a metamorphosis, depicted there not twenty-eight figures, but only six - therefore, the composition already carries a certain generalized image of all the fighters of the 8th division who fought on these lines.) Well and, of course, museum expositions on Panfilov's men should not be folded up and put away in storerooms, but only supplemented with exposing documents that have appeared. And let each visitor decide for himself what he believes more.

It says that the whole story was a fantasy of journalists. We are talking about a secret certificate-report of the chief military prosecutor of the USSR Nikolai Afanasyev. The story of the feat of 28 fighters of the division under the command of Major General Ivan Panfilov, who allegedly stopped German tanks in the battle near Moscow in 1941 at the cost of their lives, is not true, follows from the materials of the note. It also states that the plot was invented by the journalists of the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper. The deception came to light in 1947, when one of the dead soldiers, Ivan Dobrobabin, was arrested for treason. According to Newsru.com, the publication of the report could harm the film industry workers who decided to make a film about the legendary fighters. The producer of the film "28 Panfilov" called the debunking of the feat of the soldiers "weakening the moral pillars of the people."

Reference-report of the chief military prosecutor N. Afanasyev "On 28 Panfilovites"

In connection with numerous appeals from citizens, institutions and organizations, we are posting a certificate-report of the chief military prosecutor N. Afanasyev “On 28 Panfilovites” dated May 10, 1948, based on the results of an investigation by the Main Military Prosecutor’s Office, which is stored in the fund of the USSR Prosecutor’s Office (GA RF. F. R- 8131)