American system of reconnaissance and signaling devices "Scorpio. System of uninterrupted supply of tape "Scorpion" Sleeve for machine-gun belt

Ammunition supply systems for small arms are a separate design task, without the successful solution of which it is impossible to create effective weapons.

In particular, in the context of machine-gun armament, various systems are of great interest that allow increasing the size of the ready-to-use ammunition load and thereby ensuring long-term firing without reloading. Relatively recently interesting project similar system was presented by domestic designers.

A domestic device designed to improve the combat qualities of existing machine guns was developed by FRONT-tactical systems. The creation of a new product, which received the designation "Scorpion", was carried out on its own initiative, without an order from the military department or law enforcement agencies. In order to increase the ammunition load of the machine gun, ready for use, it was decided to abandon the standard boxes for tapes, replacing them with a larger container and a special device for supplying cartridge tape to the receiving window of the machine gun.

AT current form The Scorpio system consists of several main parts. To store the tape with cartridges, a metal box-container of the appropriate dimensions is intended. Connected to it is a special flexible sleeve for supplying cartridges, at the second end of which a bracket is provided for mounting on a machine gun. This architecture of the kit allows you to produce its various options, both stationary and portable.

It should be noted that the idea of ​​using flexible metal sleeves for feeding tapes is not new. Similar designs were developed in the first half of the last century and even found application in practice in various fields. The use of a flexible sleeve allows you to connect weapons with ammo box, as well as ensure the correct interaction of the cartridge belt, box and weapon when changing their position in space. As a result, such designs are the optimal solution to the existing problems.

The Scorpion kit includes several basic elements. A metal box-container is intended for storage and carrying of the tape with cartridges. In the basic configuration, it has dimensions of 40x10x30 cm and holds 475 rounds in one tape. To carry the box, it is proposed to use a special satchel, adjustable in accordance with the anatomy of the shooter. A special cover with fasteners for a flexible sleeve is installed on the cartridge box. The sleeve itself is a construction of a large number metal segments that can change position relative to each other within certain sectors. The sleeve is 160 cm long, 10 cm wide, and 2.5 cm thick, which allows it to hold up to 75 rounds. If necessary, the sleeve is equipped with a protective cover. The sleeve is completed with a bracket that allows you to connect it to the weapon. The kit without cartridges weighs about 4.1 kg.

According to the manufacturer, in the basic configuration, the Scorpion kit is designed for use with 7.62x54 mm R rifle cartridges and loose metal bands. In preparation for firing, a single tape for 550 rounds is placed in the box and sleeve. The end of the tape is displayed to the receiving window of the weapon. According to reports, the design of the Scorpion kit is designed for use with Kalashnikov-designed machine guns, but the possibility of creating modifications for other weapons is mentioned.

Main Feature system "Scorpion" is the use of a common tape for the entire wearable ammunition, which gives it a number characteristic features, and also gives certain advantages over other methods of ammunition supply. According to the development company, Scorpion compares favorably with existing boxes of ribbons for a number of reasons. First of all, a certain reduction in the weight of the entire complex in the form of a machine gun, cartridges and ammunition systems is achieved. So, to carry 550 rounds, you need six standard metal boxes. With an empty box weighing about 1-1.5 kg, only due to the means of storing and carrying ammunition, the total mass of the complex is reduced by several kilograms.

The absence of the need to reload weapons after spending 100 rounds of the tape (as when using standard boxes) allows you to provide a fire advantage and create a high density of fire. In addition, the elements of the "Scorpion" do not prevent the shooter from moving around the battlefield and do not impose serious restrictions on his mobility. It is possible to shoot from various provisions, during which the sleeve or satchel does not interfere with the machine gunner.

The existence of the Scorpion project was announced a long time ago. Since then, the development company has carried out all the necessary tests and completed the fine-tuning of the system. In particular, during 2015 the system was tested in the conditions of polygons. Thanks to this, it was possible to get rid of all the shortcomings and ensure high reliability of the operation of all elements of the kit.

To date, FRONT-Tactical Systems has mastered mass production of the Scorpion system in the configuration chambered for 7.62x54 mm R and Kalashnikov machine guns of PK, PKM and Pecheneg modifications. Products are assembled to order within two weeks after receipt of the application. At the request of the customer, some changes can be made to the system regarding the satchel and its belt system. In particular, you can choose the color of the textile elements of the kit.

According to the manufacturer, the selected architecture of the complex allows you to change its main parameters. So, in accordance with the wishes of the customer, the design of the box-container for carrying the tape can be changed. In the wearable version of the Scorpion, the box can hold up to 1000 rounds, and this limitation is primarily due to physical abilities arrow and weight of ammunition. In the manufacture of a stationary version intended for installation on machinery, etc., there are no such restrictions. In this case, the kit can be equipped with boxes of any capacity.

According to reports, the Scorpion ammunition kits are produced in small batches and supplied to individual customers. There are references to the order of such equipment by representatives of the Russian law enforcement agencies and the armed forces. Thus, the original proposal interested its "target audience" and came to be put into practice.

Using the accumulated experience of its own and others, the developer company is currently working on several options for the development of the Scorpion system. So, last summer there were reports about the development of a flexible hose for feeding 12.7x108 mm cartridges, which can be used to feed the NSV-12.7 Utes machine gun or other similar systems. For obvious reasons, this version of the kit will not become a direct analogue of the Scorpion for PC / PKM, however, it may well find application as part of weapons of various equipment. At the same time, it completely “inherits” all the characteristic advantages of the base model.

In the future, the creation of new systems of similar architecture for various ammunition is not ruled out. It is claimed that the flexible sleeve can even be used to feed 30mm grenades for the respective weapon. Whether potential customers will show interest in such proposals - time will tell.

In parallel with the creation of new kits, updated versions of existing equipment are being developed. In December last year, work was reported on a modernized version of the sleeve attachments to the weapon. Using brackets of a new design, the developers are going to ensure the compatibility of the Scorpion kit with new modifications of Kalashnikov machine guns, primarily with the Pecheneg machine gun in the bullpup layout.

Currently, in Russia and abroad, several variants of small arms ammunition supply systems with the supply of cartridges through a flexible metal hose are being developed and tested. All these products have a similar architecture, and should also have the same advantages over standard samples. However, so far none of these systems has been put into service. Flexible hoses are actively used in the composition small arms various equipment, but kits for infantry machine gunners have not yet reached mass use in practice.

The Scorpion ammunition system is of great interest from a technical and tactical point of view. In some publications on this development, it is argued that the original technical solutions of the project can make a real revolution in the field of small arms and its methods. combat use. In particular, it was proposed to develop a new automatic rifle chambered for 7.62x54 mm R, which could initially be used with a flexible sleeve for feeding cartridges that increases its combat characteristics. In addition, certain advantages were mentioned associated with the rejection of intermediate cartridges and the transfer of all infantry weapons for rifle ammunition.

Despite all the high marks and attempts to present a new domestic development as a revolution in weapons business, the Scorpion kit has not yet interested the Russian military department and has not become the subject of bulk supply contracts. Nevertheless, a number of such products are already used by representatives of various structures. The further prospects of the kit are still in question. Whether the Scorpion will become a regular element of the equipment of Russian machine gunners is not yet entirely clear.

The owners of the patent RU 2399004:

The system for feeding cartridges into the barrel of a weapon is designed for automatic and semi-automatic firearms. The system includes a magazine with cartridges installed in the nest of the weapon, a magazine retention latch and a cartridge feeder. The system is equipped shutter lag and a mechanical connection of the magazine retention latch with cartridges or a bolt delay, while the magazine retention latch is made with the possibility of opening with an empty magazine or with the last cartridge in it, as well as a blocker with an additional latch mechanically connected to a protrusion made on the weapon and located on ways to move the bolt of the weapon or related elements to prevent premature detachment of the magazine from the weapon. EFFECT: invention provides simplification of loading and reduction of weapon reloading time by self-detaching of the magazine when the ammunition is used up. 2 n. and 8 z.p. f-ly, 6 ill.

The invention relates to automatic and semi-automatic firearms and applicable to weapons of any small caliber systems.

Known ammunition systems, consisting of a store with a spring-loaded feeder and slots for the store on the weapon /see. for example "Instruction on small business" M.: Military Publishing House 1970 p.4-19/. The disadvantage of such a system is that after the cartridges are used up, the magazine must be removed. In addition, the magazine, which has a carob shape, is inconvenient to insert and remove, because. movement in an arc is less orthopedically convenient for the loader's hand - a simple direct movement is performed more confidently and faster, so reloading a carob magazine takes 1 second more time than a direct one. And the experience of combat operations in Afghanistan revealed the urgent need to reduce the reload time of weapons, especially machine guns. In addition, when firing from a machine gun, if the trigger is released immediately after the last cartridge is used up or when firing single shots, the end of the cartridges goes unnoticed, which can lead to the death of a soldier.

EFFECT: simplification of loading and self-disconnection of the magazine when the ammunition is used up, which is a signaling about the end of cartridges.

To do this, the magazine retention latch is mechanically connected to the feeder in the upper or pre-top / if there is one cartridge in the store / its position, or with an element mechanically connected to the feeder or cartridges, and if the magazine has an indirect, for example, carob shape, then its working the end has straight guides. The mechanical connection can be located both in the weapon and in the store, and in the latter case, with some design solutions, the counter latch located in the weapon can serve as an emphasis for the latch located in the store. In systems where the opening of the latch is designed not for lowering the magazine, but for the last cartridge, there is a magazine detachment lock in the form of an additional latch mechanically connected to a protrusion located in the path of the bolt or related elements.

The design designed for the last cartridge differs from the first one in that in the first design, the magazine is separated after the last shot, when the bolt has moved back and released the feeder. At the same time, the weapon remains incapacitated for some time.

And in the design designed for the last cartridge, the magazine separation occurs before the last shot in the cartridge reloading phase. At the same time, the weapon, at least when firing single, remains loaded all the time.

For a more energetic separation of the magazine from the weapon, there is an ejector spring attached to the magazine or weapon. And so that during training shooting the magazine does not fall on a hard surface or in the mud, there are loops on the magazine and weapons with which the carabiners of the safety cord are connected.

Mechanical connection can be carried out both directly and through a rod, a two-arm or one-arm spring-loaded or spring-loaded lever, etc.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the ammunition system. Figure 2 - four concrete examples location of straight guides on the carob shop. Figure 3-6 - specific design solutions.

Structurally, the system consists of element 1, which perceives the end of the ammunition or the moment when there is one cartridge or a unitary shot left in the magazine, it can be a feeder, an element associated with it, for example, a slide delay in a PM pistol, or cartridges directly. This element is in interaction with the mechanical connection 2, and with it - the latch 3 holding the body 4 of the store.

In designs designed for the last cartridge, to prevent premature detachment of the magazine, there is a latch 5 of the lock connected to the protrusion 6 in the path of the shutter or the element 7 connected to it. To accelerate the separation of the magazine, there is an ejection spring 8.

This system works as follows: when the cartridges are used up, element 1 opens the latch 3 through a mechanical link 2 and the empty magazine 4 is separated from the weapon under the action of its own weight and spring 8. In designs designed for the last cartridge, after disengaging the latch 3, the magazine is held by the latch 5 of the blocker until the last cartridge is removed from it by the shutter 7, which / or an element associated with it / presses on the protrusion 6 when rolling, opening the latch 5 blocker. The store is separated.

Figure 2 shows the main options for the location of the guides 9 on the body 4 carob store. Intermediate ones are also possible.

Depending on the type of store / straight, open-end, disk, drum / and the type of mechanical transmission / direct, thrust, pusher, one- or two-arm lever, shaft, etc. /, and the location of the mechanical connection, and latches are possible various examples specific implementation.

The systems in Fig.3-5 consist of a magazine body 4 with a feeder 10 spring-loaded by a spring 11. To hold the magazine there is a latch 3, and for manual disconnection - a box 12. Moreover, in Fig.3, 5, the latches are formed by bending an elastic plate, on which and fasten.

In Fig.3 there is also a rod 13 attached, for example by contact welding, to the feeder 10 and the box 12.

Figure 4 shows staggered cartridges 14, between the tips of which there is a protrusion 15 of a two-arm lever 16, spring-loaded by a spring 17 and mounted on an axis 18 inside the guide 19.

In Fig.5, the latch 3 is located on an elastic plate 20 attached to or being part of the back wall of the store, and the stop for the latch 3 is an additional latch 21 in the form of an elastic plate bent at an angle, one end attached to the weapon body. On the case 4 of the store there is a protrusion 22 for the latch 5 of the blocker 23, which is mounted on the axis 24 and has a protrusion 6 located in the path of the roll-on of the handle 25 of the bolt frame.

Figure 6 shows a magazine 4 in the socket of the weapon 26. There is a groove 27 in the wall of the socket, in which there is a glass 28 with a tooth 29. An ejection spring 8 working in tension is attached to the glass and the bottom of the groove.

The systems in Fig.3, 4 work as follows: as the cartridges are used up, the feeder 10 under the action of the spring 11 moves to open end magazine 4 and after the last cartridge is used up through a mechanical connection in the form of a rod 13 /Fig.3/ or a protrusion 15 on the lever 16 /Fig.4/ opens the latch 3 and the magazine falls out of the weapon under its own weight.

The system in Fig.5 works similarly, except that the latch 3 under the action of the elastic plate 20 enters the groove of the feeder 10 at the moment when there is still one cartridge left in the magazine. This happens after a rollback, and so that the store does not prematurely separate along with the last cartridge, it is held by the ledge 22 by the latch 5 of the blocker 23.

During the run-on, the cartridge is sent into the barrel and at the same time the bolt or, in relation to the AKM assault rifle, the bolt frame with its handle 25 presses on the protrusion 6 of the blocker and the empty magazine is separated. At the same time, if the shooting was carried out with single shots or the trigger was released at that moment, the weapon remains combat-ready during reloading: at any moment it is ready to fire one shot. To reload, all that remains is to insert a new magazine and, without distorting the shutter, you can continue firing. It should be added that in this case, it is desirable to use a slide delay in the machine similar to the PM pistol.

For a faster and more reliable separation of the store in the above systems, there may be an ejection spring 8 /Fig.6/, which, when the store is attached, is stretched, and after the store is disconnected, it is compressed and pushes the empty store 4 with the tooth 29 of the cup 28.

The application of the invention will significantly increase the combat capability of motorized rifle and landing troops, especially in fleeting oncoming, close, urban battles.

1. The system for supplying cartridges to the barrel of a weapon, containing a magazine with cartridges installed in the nest of the weapon, a magazine retention latch and a cartridge feeder, characterized in that it is equipped with a slide delay and a mechanical connection of the magazine retention latch with cartridges or a slide delay, while the retention latch magazine is made with the possibility of opening with an empty magazine or with the last cartridge in it.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with straight guides for fastening in the socket of the weapon of the curved magazine.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that said mechanical connection is located in the magazine.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that said mechanical connection is located in the weapon.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the magazine retention latch is made with a protrusion located in the weapon.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an ejection spring located between the magazine and the weapon and fixed to the magazine or to the weapon.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that said mechanical connection is made in the form of a link between the cartridge feeder and the magazine retention latch.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that said mechanical connection is made in the form of a spring-loaded or springy two-arm or one-arm lever.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that said mechanical connection is carried out by direct contact between the magazine retention latch and the cartridges or slide stop.

10. A system for feeding cartridges into the barrel of a weapon, containing a magazine with cartridges installed in the nest of the weapon, a magazine retention latch and a cartridge feeder, characterized in that it is equipped with a lock with an additional latch mechanically connected to a protrusion made on the weapon and located on the path of movement the shutter of the weapon or its associated elements to prevent premature disconnection of the magazine from the weapon, and the magazine retention latch is configured to open when the magazine is empty or with the last cartridge in it.

The domestic company "Front Tactical Systems" has developed a universal ammunition supply system designed to improve the combat qualities of existing machine guns.
The creation of a new product, which received the designation "Scorpion", was carried out on its own initiative, without an order from the military department or law enforcement agencies. In order to increase the ammunition load of the machine gun, ready for use, it was decided to abandon the standard boxes for tapes, replacing them with a larger container and a special device for supplying cartridge tape to the receiving window of the machine gun.

In its current form, the Scorpio system consists of several main parts. To store the tape with cartridges, a metal box-container of the appropriate dimensions is intended. A special flexible sleeve for supplying cartridges is connected to it, at the second end of which a bracket is provided for mounting on a machine gun. This architecture of the kit allows you to produce its various options, both stationary and portable.
The Scorpion kit includes several basic elements. A metal box-container is intended for storage and carrying of the tape with cartridges. In the basic configuration, it has dimensions of 40x10x30 cm and holds 475 rounds in one tape.

To carry the box, it is proposed to use a special satchel, adjustable in accordance with the anatomy of the shooter. A special cover with fasteners for a flexible sleeve is installed on the cartridge box.
The sleeve itself is a structure of a large number of metal segments that can change position relative to each other within certain sectors. The sleeve is 160 cm long, 10 cm wide, and 2.5 cm thick, which allows it to hold up to 75 rounds. If necessary, the sleeve is equipped with a protective cover.
The sleeve is completed with a bracket that allows you to connect it to the weapon. The kit without cartridges weighs about 4.1 kg.

According to the manufacturer, in the basic configuration, the Scorpion kit is designed for use with 7.62x54 mm R rifle cartridges and loose metal bands. In preparation for firing, a single tape for 550 rounds is placed in the box and sleeve. The end of the tape is displayed to the receiving window of the weapon. The Scorpion system is designed for use with Kalashnikov machine guns: PK, PKM and Pecheneg using a 7.62x54 mm cartridge.
You can use the "Scorpion" for any task - whether it be patrolling in the forest, or targeted assault operations in urban areas. And here, it is also very important to mention that you can transfer the ammunition system, being equipped, in different ways.

No item of equipment will interfere with the use of a box with a flexible sleeve. So, for example, the "Scorpion" can be worn in conjunction with any means of individual armor protection - a machine gunner can use a bulletproof vest, bulletproof helmet or anti-fragmentation suit, if necessary.
The developer of the system, the Front company, has already come up with a proposal to put the Scorpion into service, including its inclusion in the Ratnik system. However, on this moment, the issue is being resolved. Nevertheless, a number of such products are already used by representatives of various structures.

Here is a simple, cheap, reliable and easy-to-use flexible sleeve for supplying ammunition "Scorpio" - a system that allows a fighter to carry ammunition in a container behind his back and fire using a flexible tape to supply ammunition.

The initiative development of the FRONT-tactical systems company has successfully passed the test cycle at one of the training grounds near Moscow and is ready for mass production. According to the designer, during the tests and refinement, all possible delays in firing were eliminated. By increasing the amount of ammunition available for use before reloading weapons, the Scorpion significantly increases the degree of freedom of action for firing. The increase in the degree of freedom of action occurs due to the expansion of the cycle available to the shooter to suppress and defeat the target. The standard firing cycle includes finding a target, firing and reloading weapons. At the same time, reloading the weapon interrupts the cycle and forces it to start again - with the search for a target and firing: this reduces the chances of hitting a target within a single cycle. Increasing the amount of ammunition available for consumption before reloading the weapon increases the duration of the firing cycle and the chances of hitting the target.

In theory, "Scorpio" will allow a revolution in rifle systems used by the armed forces, in practice, the fate of the development depends on the inertia of the military-technical leadership and the efforts of the weapons lobby. An advanced achievement that surpasses the American counterpart and makes it possible to overcome the impasse of "constant improvement of the Kalashnikov assault rifle and its analogues" went unnoticed by the domestic military-industrial complex. The simplicity of the design allows you to reload a wearable container, in the field using ammunition equipped with a flexible self-disintegrating tape. 475 cartridge in the main compartment and 75 in the tape.

"Scorpion" does not restrict movement and allows you to fire from any position; in the manufacturer's version, the container is placed in a backpack.

The Scorpion steel belt is not so much a piece of equipment, but rather a prologue and a starting point in the evolution of small arms and combat tactics. The opportunity to form a path, the end result of which will significantly change the appearance of the rifle units of the armed forces - development automatic rifle chambered for 7.62x54 ammunition from the tape.

The new weapon must have high technological properties: the ability to withstand a high rate of fire and a long load on the bore and gas venting mechanics, high accuracy and accuracy. The overall success in creating a new rifle will be its reliability and weight and size characteristics. The most significant criterion is the low weight of the weapon, which is necessary to reduce the degrees of freedom penalty from steel tape, which exerts its weight on the free movement of the weapon in the hands of the shooter. The ideal embodiment of the new system will be a rifle with a tape receiver integrated into the body, the ability to conduct automatic fire without significant recoil and high wear resistance. Successful development will open up the prospect of switching to 7.62x54 as a single ammunition for rifle units. In theory, the rejection of intermediate cartridges and a return to the 7.62x54 rifle caliber is a necessity. Firstly, domestic intermediate ammunition does not guarantee the defeat of modern individual funds protection. Secondly, 7.62x54 is the most common ammunition in the range of small arms. Add to the nomenclature of machine guns and sniper rifles a new assault rifle chambered for a similar cartridge is easier than trying to create the entire range of small arms from scratch and develop several new types of ammunition. Thirdly, 7.62x54 is not a technological innovation for the domestic military-industrial complex, which greatly simplifies the process of creating a new assault rifle. Under these conditions, the transition to 7.62x54 as a single ammunition will reduce the range of cartridges and rifle complexes produced by the domestic military-industrial complex. Which, combined with the refusal to produce a large number of various cartridge clips, will lead to significant savings. The theory is easily criticized - there are now many special ammunition and new developments that are of limited use by the armed forces. However, from the point of view of military construction, it is cheaper, easier and faster to produce a single cartridge to feed machine guns and assault rifles. On the weapon account for the lion's share of the cost of total number all consumable ammunition of rifle units. On the scale of an army or a high-intensity conflict, this is a significant saving in production forces, time, and easing the logistical burden when supplying troops.

The use of the new ammunition supply concept will significantly increase the consumption of ammunition in battle and cause an increase in the logistical burden when supplying troops - therefore, the overall reduction in the range of consumable units is an important factor to mitigate this burden.

A logical step in the evolution of the new concept will be the development of a new machine gun chambered for 7.62x54 with similar technological properties. The need to develop a new machine gun is due to the increased requirements for wear resistance, since the use of a new ammunition system increases the duration of the load during continuous firing. An attempt to create a manual 30 mm grenade launcher according to similar principles is also not ruled out.

The concept of a new ammunition supply system, combined with the creation of a new rifle complex, will allow: to increase several times firepower rifle formations, reduce the range of products manufactured at military-industrial complex enterprises - by refusing to manufacture cartridge clips, reduce the logistical burden when supplying troops on the front line, switch to a single cartridge 7.62x54. To do this, it is necessary to adopt the Scorpion system or its analogue into service as an integral part of the Ratnik equipment for each soldier leading a shooting battle. The FRONT-tactical systems company is not capable of developing a new assault rifle, moreover, the prospect of reducing the range of products manufactured by military-industrial complex enterprises, due to the unification of ammunition and the abandonment of obsolete cartridge clips and boxes for machine guns and machine guns, creates internal competition, to overcome which, without a fundamental decision will be impossible. In turn, the decision to switch to new principle ammunition supply, changes in the appearance of rifle units and the development of a new rifle complex, at least will be postponed. At least because of the Ratnik program. The reputation of "program success" for responsible managers may be more expensive than the prospects of a new concept. Despite the fact that the advanced developers of small arms systems could not fulfill the task of the Ratnik program to create a fundamentally new complex of small arms. In the conditions of the domestic military-industrial complex "Scorpion" and new concept formation of the image of the rifle units of the armed forces may be postponed until at least 2020.

In theory, the evolution of the concept of tape ammunition and the massive use of "Scorpions" in a rifle unit allows us to solve more priority task- increasing the number of missile and special weapons in rifle units, without losing the ability to conduct a full-fledged rifle battle. At the same time, there is no need to create new types of hand-held anti-tank, anti-aircraft, missile and other special weapons. It is enough to increase the firepower of an ordinary shooter several times and in the rifle department there will immediately be a place for a second grenade launcher.

In practice, the evolution of the concept is impossible without adopting an analogue of the Scorpion into service and setting a task for it. mass application in the troops. In order for the institute of military staff thought to work, it needs a task, it is impossible without a series of maneuvers and serious research to determine how much the use of belt feed systems and an increase in the firepower of the rifle squad unload the staff of the squad and free up staff units for the use of special weapons. Need practice. Since the basic foundations of the concept - the development of a new assault rifle, significantly increase the importance of a single shooter, you can count on positive result in matters of increasing the degree of freedom in the construction of units.

The radio waves of the new stations are able to close Russia from the sky, sea and land.

The Ministry of Defense has begun replacing ground-based long-range navigation radar systems RSDN-10 with new Scorpion complexes. In the event of a war, these ground-based coordinate systems will replace the space ones - GPS and GLONASS. The renewal program is designed until 2020 and began this year with three systems of the Trans-Baikal chain.

“During hostilities, all satellite signals going through space will be actively jammed by the so-called “white noise,” a representative told Izvestia. Russian Institute radio navigation and time Yuri Kupin. - In service with Russia, the United States and a number of other countries there are aircraft with special equipment that are capable of blocking the entire near-Earth radio space with noise. A kind of understudy of GLONASS in similar situation and are called to become "Scorpions".

The current long-range navigation systems were developed back in the 40-50s of the last century and partially performed the functions of determining coordinates (with an error of 150-800 m), which are now assigned to GLONASS and GPS. Now, due to the wear and tear of equipment and the complexity of maintaining the RSDN-10, they are practically not used, most of the stations have been destroyed. The replacement of ground systems is primarily due to the need to ensure national security in terms of radio navigation.

In the creation of the new RSDN, scientific developments of past years were used. "Scorpions" are able to provide large area actions (1 thousand km against 600). In addition, RSDN-10 do not have LKKS - the so-called local control correction stations, which are located at a great distance, which does not allow radio waves to penetrate the territory of a potential enemy and makes radio navigation systems invisible.

- The main "consumers" of these stations, which are in service with the Air Defense Forces and the Air Force, are also long-range aviation and Navy Kupin said. “They receive accurate time signals and synchronize equipment through such networks.

"Scorpions", unlike outdated stations, are able to automatically maintain the parameters of the emitted signal, can be controlled from a single remote control and are able to suppress residual radio pulses. The receivers of the system can be installed on aviation, land, sea and river equipment. Another advantage of the Scorpions is the ability to synchronize stations with the GLONASS system, which significantly increases their efficiency.

— Aircraft crews long-range aviation to determine the location, they are never guided by the data of only one system, ”Pyotr Deinekin, former commander-in-chief of the Air Force, told Izvestia. – We are always engaged in the complex use of means for determining the exact location airship. There should also be an autonomous navigation system so that the crew does not depend on radio and space facilities that may be subject to interference. By the way, the issue of navigation accuracy is one of the important issues war and peace.

In addition to the commissioning of the latest radar developments, the modernization of old systems is also planned. The Rosoboronpostavka agency ordered the repair and restoration work of the RSDN-10 complexes and the RSDN-20 Alfa system. Modernization is carried out within the framework of the federal target program"Global navigation systems" and in accordance with the "Russian radio navigation plan for 2008-2015". For these purposes, about 50 million rubles have been allocated from the budget of the Ministry of Defense.

The commissioning of the Scorpion will take place in four stages. In 2013-2015, three systems of the Trans-Baikal chain will be replaced, in 2016-2017 - four systems of the North Caucasus chain, in 2017-2019 - four Far East, in 2019-2020 will replace three systems of the South Ural chain. In addition to new long-range navigation systems, equipment Russian army anti-interference aviation receivers PPA-S / V will be received, operating on the signals of GLONASS, GPS, the entire arsenal ground RSDN and "Scorpion".