Are there white sharks in the Red Sea? Sharks in the Red Sea!!! Or something that travel agencies won't tell you about! Sharks in the Red Sea
Andrey OSTROVSKII [Ph.D. in Biology]
We want to tell you about the sharks of the Red Sea - one of the most visited seas by divers in the world. What sharks are found here, and how dangerous and numerous are they? Are there known cases of shark attacks on swimmers in the Red Sea? How should you behave when meeting a shark? What is the fate of sharks in the Red Sea? Our goal is to provide divers with information that will help those who wish to see sharks and, if necessary, adequately respond to their appearance. And most importantly - reconsider your attitude towards them.
A lot has been written about sharks. You don't need to be a sage to understand - the reason for such interest in them is that the word "shark" has become synonymous with the word "danger". We have always been afraid of sharks, and after the release of the movie Jaws, this fear turned into real paranoia. American psychiatrists even registered a certain "shark" syndrome. It turns out that even now many Americans are afraid of a shark even when they enter the pool!
But once you go diving, you quickly realize that our fears are greatly exaggerated. Sharks turn out to be much less aggressive than expected, and overnight turn into an object of underwater observation. Seeing a shark underwater is a dream of many. Here, the main thing is not to go to the other extreme, starting to take a meeting with a shark too lightly. True, the likelihood of meeting with the “brilliant barbarian of the seas,” as Captain Cousteau called them, is rapidly declining these days:
So, what kind of sharks live in the Red Sea? Naturally, in a short article it is impossible to tell everything about everyone, so the review offered to the reader is devoted only to the largest and most common species (there are up to 30 of them in total). By the way, for some types of sharks in Russian there are no generally accepted names, so it was necessary to select suitable equivalents.
COASTAL SHARKS
They constantly live in shallow water - on reefs, in lagoons of reef islands, bays, at the confluence of large rivers into the ocean; if they migrate, then from reef to reef; during such movements, they can sometimes sink to great depths.
Let's start with blacktip reef shark(Carcharhinus melanopterus, blackfin/blacktip reef shark), - not to be confused with blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus, blacktip shark). She prefers shallow water, especially coral reefs, and is not afraid to go to reef platforms, where the water is literally knee-deep. At the same time, this species was also recorded at a depth of 75 m. The shark has a torpedo-shaped, streamlined body and head with a relatively short, rounded snout. The back and sides are light brown, bluish-gray or yellowish-gray (the first dorsal fin is lighter in color), the belly is white, the ends of the fins - the first dorsal, lower lobe of the tail and, sometimes, the pectorals - are distinctly black (hence the name). Constantly in motion, does not know how to lie on the bottom. It is especially active at night, although it also hunts during the day, patrolling reefs along the periphery or combing coral lagoons. The blacktip reef shark rarely exceeds 1.5-1.8 m in length and weighs 45 kg, therefore it is not considered dangerous. However, cases where they grabbed swimmers by the fins and knees are noted all over the world. They stay within the same water area for a long time and often show curiosity towards divers invading its limits. At the same time, they are cautious and shy. Interestingly, with the opening of the Suez Canal, blacktip reef sharks penetrated and adapted well to the Mediterranean Sea, where they are now found even off Malta.
At whitetip reef shark(Triaenodon obesus, whitetip reef shark), unlike the blackfin, the tip of the first dorsal fin and the upper caudal lobe are white. The head is flattened, with a very characteristic wide, blunt and short ("square") snout, and an elongated-oval eye shape unusual for other sharks. The angles of the mouth curved back and the prominent brow ridges give her face an eternally squeamish expression. The body is elongated or, as they say, slender, dark gray or brownish above, light below. The whitetip reef shark prefers shallow depths, however, it has also been noted at 330 m. During the day, it often rests, lying on the bottom or hiding in crevices of reef walls, showing maximum activity at night. Having found prey, it often drives it into a crevice and then squeezes itself into it. A slender, easily curving body, a short blunt snout and superciliary arches protecting the eyes allow it to successfully hunt even in such tight quarters. The whitetip reef shark reaches over 2 m in length and over 20 kg in weight, but is considered harmless. However, in the presence of an injured fish (such as spearfishing) it is easily agitated and may bite a diver. There have also been cases when the whitetip reef shark bit too annoying swimmers.
gray reef shark(Carcharhinus amblyrhychos, gray reef shark) reaches 2.6 m in length and weighs 33.7 kg. The snout is long, wide and rounded, the eyes are large. The coloration is dark gray to bronze-gray, the outer edge of the caudal fin with a distinct black border. That is why the gray reef shark is often confused with the blacktip reef shark, which is easily distinguished by the black tip of the first dorsal fin. The gray reef shark is most often found patrolling the outer boundaries of the reefs, however, it descends to 280 m, and even to a kilometer depth. More active at night. In the daytime, they keep alone or in groups near reef dumps or in small flocks (near a flat bottom). Like the whitetip reef shark, during the day it can rest for a long time, lying on the bottom. "Caught" in cannibalism. It has the fame of one of the most curious and aggressive sharks, often swimming up to divers. The gray reef bites swimmers, as a rule, only when they begin to "stick" to it. Only 7 unprovoked attacks were registered, and none of them ended in a fatal outcome. An irritated or aggressive shark (by the way, like many other species) demonstrates a “threat posture”: a hunched back, a snout pulled up with an open mouth and pectoral fins lowered down. The shark gets "nervous", begins to zigzag, and if the impolite diver does not lag behind, inflicts several serious bites and quickly disappears. By the way, when gathering in small flocks, gray reef sharks are not distracted by swimmers. Apparently, there are more important things to do. The diet of all three reef shark species mentioned consists of small reef fish, squid, octopus and some crustaceans (eg small crabs and spiny lobsters).
They also feed on the so-called "swarty" nurse shark(Nebrius ferrugineus, tawny nurse shark). She is noticeably different in appearance from most sharks, although in the dark she is sometimes confused with a tiger. It has a disproportionately large, broad head with a blunt, square snout and very small eyes, large fins and a very long tail with a barely defined lower lobe. By the way, nurse sharks are called four different types of sharks. In addition to the “dark-skinned” nurse, there is also the “ordinary” (Ginglymostoma cirratum), gray (Odontaspis taurus, she is also a sand tiger - sand tiger) and “small-toothed sand tiger” (Odontaspis ferox, Herbsts nurse shark), which are not found in the Red Sea. All nurse sharks feed on octopuses, crustaceans and medium-sized fish. The first two species do not grab their prey, but suck it in, sharply expanding oral cavity and throat. The powerful “smack” heard at the same time, similar to the smack of a nanny cradling a baby, according to one version, became the reason for the curious name of these sharks. The “swarty” nurse shark (tawny literally translates from English as “tanned skin color”) has a dark gray or dark sandy color and can reach more than 3 m in length. Usually there are specimens that do not exceed 1.75-2.0 m in length. A shark of this size weighs about 50 kg. It shows activity almost exclusively at night, during the day it hides in small grottoes and under canopies of coral walls, where it rests, lying on the bottom. It does not like to rise into the water column. It is very peaceful, but becomes aggressive in the case of persistently irreverent treatment.
Against, Tiger shark(Galeocerdo cuvieri, tiger shark), reaching a length of 5.5-6.0 m and weighing 900 kg (usually 3.2-4.2 m and 385-635 kg), is on the list of the most dangerous marine life. Its large, powerful mouth and wide, saw-toothed teeth allow it to take on any available prey. Tiger sharks feed mainly on fish and other sharks, and from a certain age they begin to grab seabirds that have sat on the water, tear turtles and dolphins. They have a reputation for picking up trash and carrion. And once in the belly of a tiger shark was found hand grenade. The head is large, with large eyes and a very blunt snout. The powerful body passes into a long, narrow tail section. The back and sides are bluish-green to black. The belly is yellowish-white. The characteristic dark spots and transverse stripes, from which the shark gets its name, are especially noticeable in young individuals, becoming less distinguishable in adults. Curious, aggressive and fearless - size allows. At least several dozen unprovoked tiger shark attacks on swimmers have been recorded, and fatal outcomes are not uncommon: in this indicator, the tiger shark is second only to the great white and bull sharks. Fortunately for you and me, they like muddy waters (for example, they like places where rivers flow into the ocean, bays with large coastal runoff). In addition, in the daytime, tiger sharks prefer to stay at great depths (recorded to depths of 350 m), going out to shallow water, including reefs, mainly at night. Subject to seasonal migrations. In the summer they go to the waters of the temperate zone, and in the winter they return to the tropics. Migrating, they can swim far into the open ocean.
zebra shark(Stegostoma fasciatum, zebra shark), like the tiger, cannot be confused with any other, even with a very strong desire. It has a short, broad head with small eyes, a cylindrical body with hard longitudinal ridges on the back and sides, close-set dorsal fins, and a tail nearly as long as the rest of the body. Adults are gray-yellow or gray-brown with numerous dark spots. Juveniles, on the other hand, have yellow-white spots and stripes scattered over a black or dark brown background. That is why the zebra shark is sometimes called the variegated shark. Hence, another, widespread, but incorrect name for the zebra shark is the "leopard" shark. However, the true leopard shark (Triakis semifasciata, leopard shark) is not found in the Red Sea. "Zebra" can reach a length of 3.6 m (usually 2.5-3.0 m). A two-meter shark weighs 32 kg. Not active during the day. Repeatedly noted lying on the bottom, "anchored" with pectoral fins in the sand and opening her mouth towards the underwater stream (this way, apparently, breathing is facilitated). The diet is similar to the diet of nurse sharks: mollusks, crustaceans, small fish. For swimmers, it does not pose any danger, and, due to its appearance and color, it is a favorite object of underwater photography.
"Scalloped" hammerhead sharks(Sphyrna lewini, scalloped hammerhead shark) is also among the "favorites" of professional underwater photographers. Especially when they gather in flocks. True, they do this, as a rule, at decent depths (50 m or more), and it is not easy to get to them. Schools of hammerhead sharks gather near the tops of seamounts, demonstrating complex group behavior. In general, this shark is very mobile, and obligatory element her life, like that of a brindle, is migration. They can approach the surf and meet in the open ocean, sometimes dropping to 275 m. The flat head, presumably, acts as an additional rudder, providing lightning-fast turns, and is involved in the operation of the shark's sensory apparatus: eyes and nostrils placed on the edges of the lateral lobes of the head , possibly provide greater coverage of the area under study. One of her favorite objects of hunting is stingrays: one such "hammer" in the jaws found 96 (!) Tail spikes of these rays. The body is gray-brown with a white belly. They can reach a length of 4.2 m (usually 3.5 m) with a weight of 160 kg. The mouth is small, so this type of hammerhead shark is not considered dangerous for humans. However, it is better not to provoke him: can you imagine how strong a 3.5-meter fish has?
"Silver"(literally “silver-finned”) shark (Carcharhinus albimarginatus, silvertip shark) is found both in coastal waters, including on reefs, and in the open ocean, for example, on banks and shallows. It can descend to depths of 800 m. It reaches 3 m in length (on average, 2.0-2.5 m) with a weight of 162.2 kg. The body is gray or gray-brown, the belly is light. The tips of all fins are white. It feeds on fish, cephalopods and juveniles of other sharks, and there have been cases when, being on the edge of a hunting group of sharks of another species, the “silver” shark wedged into this flock to grab prey. Considered potentially dangerous: one unprovoked attack on a swimmer was recorded. Although it prefers to keep its distance from swimmers and divers, it is easily excited and aggressive, especially at the sight of a wounded fish. The "silver" shark can be confused with the gray and whitetip reef sharks, however, the gray ends pectoral fins black, and the white-finned ones do not have white spots on them.
blacktip shark(Carcharhinus limbatus, blacktip shark) - not to be confused with the blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus, blackfin / blacktip reef shark) - like the "silver" shark, it is found both in coastal areas and in the open ocean. It often appears near the coasts in places where rivers flow into the ocean and in large estuaries overgrown with mangroves, but does not enter fresh water. In the ocean, it likes reef dumps, however, as a rule, it does not go deeper than 30 m. The body is dark gray or blue to dark brown, with a distinct white stripe on the side and a white belly. The snout is moderately pointed. All fins, with the exception of the anal and upper lobe of the tail, are black-tipped. The maximum length is 2.5 m (according to some sources, 2.75 m with a weight of 123 kg), however, as a rule, there are 1.5-meter specimens. Their weight is about 18 kg. 28 unprovoked attacks on humans have been recorded, however, given the size of the blacktip shark, none of them ended in any serious damage. For some reason they know, they love to scare surfers.
At sand shark(Carcharhinus plumbeus, sandbar shark) gray-brown or bronze body. The belly is white. Head with moderately long, rounded snout. The fins are colored uniformly, sometimes with slightly darker (but not black!) ends. The maximum length is 2.5 m with a weight of 117.9 kg. Sand sharks sometimes live in groups of the same size. It prefers coastal areas, bays, bays, estuaries, but sometimes it is also found in the open sea, descending to a depth of 1800 m. In shallow water, despite the name, it avoids the sandy bottom, reefs and the surf zone. It also does not like to approach the surface. It feeds on fish, stingrays, small sharks, cephalopods, shrimp. like anyone large predator requires respect.
PELAGIAN SHARKS
Pelagic sharks prefer the open sea, but often approach reefs, especially near islands, where the reef walls drop steeply into the depths. They enter deep-sea bays and straits. Keep in mind that juveniles of some species of pelagic sharks stay in shallow water to reduce the risk of being eaten by their older relatives in the open ocean.
Oceanic longfin or longwing shark(Carcharhinus longimanus, oceanic whitetip shark) are easily distinguished by their disproportionately long pectoral fins and a white spot on the rounded tip of the first dorsal fin. The ends of the pectoral fins and tail lobes may also be white. The body is gray-bronze or brown, the belly is light. Reaches 3.5-4.0 m in length with a maximum weight of 167.4 kg. It feeds mainly on fish and squid, having matured, it attacks large tuna, turtles, there are enough seabirds that have landed on the water. Does not disdain carrion, for example, dead dolphins, and slops poured overboard. Loners, they hunt day and night, slowly cruising the ocean. Having noticed the approach of sharks of other species during feeding, they become aggressive and try to drive away uninvited aliens. When hunting, they develop considerable speed, easily falling into a state of "food madness". This is one of the most dangerous sharks, which repeatedly attacked divers, including in the Red Sea. Frequent stories about safe diving with this predator are side by side with information about unprovoked attacks on divers, surfers and ordinary swimmers. Unfortunately, one of distinguishing features behavior of the long-winged shark, its unpredictability. Once close to divers, they show no signs of fear. On the contrary, they circle stubbornly, sometimes making attempts to get closer. Most of the victims of plane crashes and shipwrecks in the open ocean are on the conscience of the long-winged shark.
Unlike the long-winged silky shark(Carcharhinus falciformis, silky shark) is a fast, active swimmer. Adults prefer the open ocean, while juveniles stay closer to the shore. Recorded at depths from 18 to 4000 m. Young silky sharks are often found together with schools of tuna. They can stay in small groups consisting of individuals of the same size. The body is dark gray with a bronze sheen on the back, the belly is white. The pectoral fins are long and narrow. All fins, except for the first dorsal, are markedly sloping backwards, with dark tips. The maximum length is 3.3-3.5 m (usually 2.5 m) with a weight sometimes up to 346 kg. It feeds on fish and squid, and to a lesser extent on crustaceans. Because of its size, it is considered potentially dangerous. She is credited with several unprovoked attacks on humans.
shortfin mako shark(Isurus oxyrhinchus, shortfin mako) - lone hunter. Mako sharks are deservedly called the "cheetahs of the ocean." These are the fastest of all sharks, managing to catch up with swordfish. By the way, such a hunt is not safe: there is a known case of capturing a mako with a piece of a swordfish sword that pierced its eye. They practically do not approach the shore and prefer cool, deep waters to warm surface ones. The mako's body is characterized by ideal hydrodynamic properties. The head is conical, with a rounded pointed snout and large round black eyes. The coloration is metallic blue, the belly is white. They reach a length of 3.2-3.8 m with a maximum weight of 570 kg.
Despite its impressive size, it prefers to hunt fish and squid, while turtles and marine mammals rarely included in its menu. However, due to its size, speed and aggressiveness, it is considered one of the most dangerous for humans. Several fatal attacks by shortfin mako sharks on swimmers have been recorded. It has been noted that before attacking, they can lay eights, approaching you with their mouths wide open.
Giant hammerhead shark(Sphyrna mokarran, great hammerhead shark) - among the largest marine predators. They reach a length of 6.1 m with a weight of 450 kg (on average, about 4 m and 230 kg). The powerful body is dark brown, light gray or olive in color. The belly is light. They spend most of their lives on the high seas, actively migrating and moving to cooler waters in summer. They can descend to a depth of 300 m. However, they regularly appear in shallow water, including reefs and coral lagoons. They feed on fish, including their own juveniles, but the favorite prey, like other hammerhead sharks, are rays. More than two dozen attacks of hammerhead sharks on humans have been noted, of which two ended in the death of swimmers. No one knows which or which species of them were responsible for this, but to giant hammerhead shark must be treated with extreme caution.
Whale shark(Rhincodon typus, whale shark) is the largest fish of our time, and one of the largest ever to appear in the oceans of our planet. Adult specimens reach a length of 14-15, and according to some sources - 18 m, and a weight of 15 tons or more. In large individuals, the mouth, for example, reaches a width of 1.4 m. Its opening is located at the front end of a wide, flattened head, bearing very small eyes. Dark skin has numerous light yellow spots and stripes. On the back of the shark, there are three longitudinal rigid ridges on each side. These phlegms feed on plankton and are therefore absolutely harmless. With their mouths open wide, they cruise below the surface, passing up to 6,000 liters of water per hour through their sieve gills.
Sometimes they stand vertically with their heads down, sucking in water with their mouths in this position. small crustaceans, small fish and medium-sized squid - this is the prey of whale sharks. Swimmers often do not pay the slightest attention, however, being curious, they can swim closer. Therefore, one must carefully monitor the turns of the shark and the movements of its mighty tail. The whole life of whale sharks passes in migrations. They enter the Red Sea regularly, but they are not very common. Reefs are approached, as a rule, only during coral spawning.
white shark(Carcharodon carcharias, great white shark) in the Red Sea, allegedly, someone once saw somewhere. In other words, there is no reliable data. Potentially, she can go there through the Suez Canal from the Mediterranean Sea and from indian ocean. However, white sharks clearly prefer temperate waters to warm tropical waters, so divers should not worry too much about this. At the same time, one of the attacks in the Red Sea described below is very similar in its "handwriting" to the attack of a great white.
WHO, WHERE, WHEN
Sharks in the Red Sea can be found anywhere. Once in Na "ama Bay, divers saw silky sharks: under the pier. Nowadays, luck is important, as sharks, unfortunately, are becoming less and less every year. Below are the places where the probability of meeting sharks, compared with one of the most popular shark sites is the reefs of the Ras Mohamed National Marine Park, where blacktip reef sharks (which often come ashore and sometimes even enter the Mangrove Channel), whitetip and gray reef sharks, as well as giant and scalloped hammerheads, nurse sharks, zebra sharks, tiger sharks, silverback sharks, whale sharks, and longwing sharks. or other dive sites in the Red Sea.
Reef sharks are not uncommon in Marsa Alam, which is 240 km south of Hurghada, and around Sharm El Sheikh, for example, in Shark Bay. There are also Careless Reef. More serious sharks can be found off Safaga, including at Panorama Reef, as well as in the Marsa Bereika area, for example, in the places of Ras Atar and The Alternatives.
Naturally, it is easier to see a shark when it is looking for prey. Sharks in coastal waters are more active at night.
They rely less on vision, whereas in the life of oceanic species, vision is one of the important sources of information, and most hunt during the day. At the same time, there are species, for example, the tiger shark, for which the time of day does not matter.
And one more note - the number of sharks in the Red Sea dive sites is inversely proportional to the number of fishermen, swimmers and divers. How more people, the fewer sharks. If you are not lucky, then even in the most “fishy” places you can not meet a single shark. Here in Sudan, they say, not a single dive can do without them.
STATISTICS
Around the world, from 30 to 100 shark attacks on humans are recorded annually, of which 5 to 15 are fatal. By the way, for the most part, not divers, but swimmers and surfers suffer, since they do not always know what is happening under water, and they, as a rule, do not have a partner.
The three most "dangerous" areas are Australia, South Africa and the islands of the tropical Pacific. Over the past hundred years, only three shark attacks on humans have been recorded off the coast of Egypt. On July 23, 1996, at about 6 pm, a shark attacked a swimmer in the Marsa Bereika area, north of the Ras Mohamed reefs. The dive boat stopped a kilometer from the shore so that swimmers could watch a pod of dolphins moving north. The owner of the boat invited the divers to dive with the dolphins. Everything was against it: the evening, the open sea and dolphins. Anyway, he himself, as well as a couple of Britons, jumped overboard.
By this point, the dolphins had already departed, but the sharks arrived unnoticed. Under water, the swimmers missed each other, and one of them, Martin Richardson, was attacked almost immediately. Before he surfaced, the shark gave him several deep bites. Reacting to what happened, the dolphins returned! They took the wounded diver in the ring, keeping the sharks away from him. The Englishman had to be urgently sent to a military hospital, where he was operated on. Deep bites on the back, shoulder and chest, a broken rib and a punctured lung are the results of an attack that is attributed to a long-winged shark.
On August 14, 1997, a shark attacked a small fishing boat 150 meters from the shore off Safaga. The boat capsized and both fishermen, Ayman Abul Hassan and Naga Attala El-Sayed, ended up in the water. From the bites of a shark, the first died, the second barely survived. An attack on a boat, even a small one, is usually seen as the work of a great white shark:
And just recently, on February 14, 2004, a shark attacked an Egyptian who swam in set number 1. The victim himself got ashore, but later died in the hospital from shock caused by blood loss. It happened in Coral Bay, near Sharm El Sheikh. Which species of shark is responsible for this attack is unknown.
Three more incidents in the Red Sea were registered off the coast of Eilat (Israel). In the 70s a German tourist was attacked by a shark, in the 80s a British tourist and an Israeli military diver were attacked. According to rumors, everyone survived. It's all.
SHARK BEHAVIOR AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DIVER
Like any other predator, the shark spends most of its life in search of food. There are territorial species that constantly patrol their area, while others are "free hunters". Moving in the water column, the shark perceives a huge variety of signals that allow it to accurately determine the place where the prey is located. The vibrations of the water, created by a swimmer, attract sharks either because they are unusual or similar to the sounds made by a wounded animal. Sharks can direct the smell of blood if a diver scratches his leg on coral or carelessly drags a kukan with a stabbed fish. Thus, as a rule, a person provokes a shark by his behavior. Keep in mind that any shark whose size is comparable to its size is potentially dangerous to humans. Even a phlegm-nanny can be "angrily" and thus provoked to attack. In the Bahamas and Florida, there have been several cases of completely harmless “common” nurse sharks rushing at divers who tried to ride on their backs or unceremoniously pulled them by the tail. Due to the peculiar structure of the oral apparatus, these sharks cannot bite off anything. However, their mouth works like a mighty sucker, which the scuba diver is not able to get rid of on his own. It's easier to kill a shark than to get rid of it! Naturally, she does not want to float, and the air in the cylinders is also not endless.
In general, thrill-seekers got them in full.
Shark behavior is often (but not always) unpredictable. Sometimes they do not show any interest in swimmers for a long time, so that at some point they unexpectedly rush at one of them. In some cases, this is one bite, after which the predator disappears, in others, the shark is set to have a hearty lunch. Sometimes it's shallow water, sometimes it's open ocean. In short, caution does not hurt in any case.
There are three types of shark attacks. The first and least dangerous - "clawed and ran away." Presumably, all attacks of this type are committed by mistake. The shark, having reacted to the splash or sparkle of the bracelet, bites the swimmer or surfer (often on the leg), after which, realizing the mistake, it disappears. Attack "hit-bite" is more serious. The shark demonstrates itself for a long time, circles, appears and disappears, after which, having made a decision, it attacks. The swimmer at the time of the attack, as a rule, does not see the shark. Many of those attacked subsequently described that a powerful blow from the snout from behind or from below followed first, before the shark used its teeth. This blow is a kind of reconnaissance, and in some cases, crashing into metal cylinders, the shark turned away. However, such attacks are often accompanied by significant damage and sometimes, unfortunately, death. The worst of the options is an attack according to the “crept up” scheme. In this case, the shark, having firmly decided that prey is in front of it, appears in front of the swimmer from nowhere and inflicts many bites in a short time. Mad with blood, she returns again and again, leaving extremely little chance of salvation:
The usual advice which are given to bathers, surfers and divers to reduce the risk of shark attacks are as follows: try to create less noise, splashing for sharks is a hint that there is something to profit from here. On the other hand, if you are swimming with other people, what more group, the less risk of being attacked. The main problem is to see the shark in time. Therefore, diving alone is highly undesirable. Try to keep your back to the reef wall. Be alert in places where there is a sharp change in depth, and also pay attention to the unusual behavior of the fish around you. Be careful when surfacing: shark attacks are more likely to occur at this very moment. Swimming with seals and sea lions or in their haulout areas is strongly discouraged. Important point- many large oceanic sharks often accompany dolphin flocks. Dolphins found fish, and the shark is likely to fall. An old or sick dolphin died (or a young one broke out of the pack) - not bad either. In other words, diving with dolphins, as mentioned earlier, can also be unsafe. Do not use bright and shiny items (watches, jewelry, etc.) that may arouse the sharks' curiosity. Don't feed the fish underwater: to the sharks, attracted by the rush of fish, you'll be the biggest and slowest fish. And, of course, do not carry a kukan with shot prey and, moreover, do not cling it to your belt. Pass the fish to the boat whenever possible and be ready to throw the catch if an interested big shark appears on the scene. There is an opinion that in this case she considers the underwater hunter not as a victim, but as a potential rival, who, having bitten, can be driven away. A shark club in your hand is a good helper in case you thought that a certain shark has become too annoying. A slight blow to the head usually quells her curiosity.
Well, what to do, they will ask me, if you are in the water and there is a large shark nearby, whose behavior leaves no doubt about its intentions? Answer: The best thing to do at this moment is to get into the boat as soon as possible.
Well, and if the boat is far away, the reader is not appeased? Here are some tips that you might find helpful, if the shark has approached a critical distance. Remember that the most important condition for behavior under water is confidence in your actions. Like many other predators, sharks have a subtle sense of panic. They always choose prey "easier", and, feeling rebuffed, usually leave. When a shark is nearby, it is pointless to run away from it. It is no less pointless to wait limply for her to bite you. Stay facing the shark and hit it on the snout or eye (even with your fist) as hard as you can. In several cases, scuba divers took off their flippers and tried to stick them in the shark's mouth, proving their inedibility. It helped.
Here is an example of negligence and at the same time how one should behave in such a situation.. In 1963, off the coast of Australia, Rodney Fox was attacked by a white shark while participating in spearfishing competitions. The shark grabbed him by the side, just below the left shoulder. Rodney tried to poke her in the eye with the harpoon, but instead landed his hand in her mouth. As a result, the meat from the diver's forearm was cut down to the bone in an instant. The shark moved away, but returned and tried to attack him again. The swimmer contrived to grab her by the snout so that she could not bite him again. Weak from loss of blood and out of breath, Rodney began to surface. But the shark is back!
This time, she grabbed the fish-eater attached to Fox's belt and dragged him into the depths. Fortunately for him, the line was soon cut by the shark's teeth, and Rodney, having surfaced, was able to get into the boat waiting on the surface. It took 462 stitches and several hours of emergency surgery to "put it back together" and save a life.
EXTERMINATION
Sharks are dying! Or rather, people eat them. Including the Red Sea. Almost all dive sites report a sharp decrease in the number of encounters with sharks.
Why?! Because sharks have fins. And the famous shark soup is cooked from the fins, the price for a plate of which can reach up to $ 150. On the contrary, shark meat contains urea, and is unsuitable for food without special processing. In order not to mess with it, often the fins are cut off while still alive sharks. After that, they are simply thrown overboard, where they die long and painfully. About 100 million sharks are caught on our planet every year, mostly for their fins. 95% of their imports come from Southeast Asian countries. Already, about 350 species of sharks are endangered. In Egypt, shark fishing is universally prohibited. But this does not stop local fishermen.
Three species of sharks are already nearly wiped out, including one species of nurse shark, the so-called sand tiger, and one species of blacktip shark. And quite possibly, in just 10 years, the rules of conduct for encountering sharks on the pages of DiveTek magazine will look like a medieval superstition: Something like a guide to fighting vampires.
Despite its reputation as dangerous and bloodthirsty predators, sharks rarely attack humans.
Every year, dozens of people are attacked by sharks around the world, while sharks do not kill a person so often: the facts say that only 5-7% of cases are fatal.
Which sharks are deadly to humans?
Of the 550 shark species, only 25 have been involved in attacks on people and vehicles on the water, and only 4 species of all shark species really represent serious danger for people.
Watch video - Egyptian long-winged shark attacks a diver:
Sharks in the Red Sea
What kind of sharks live in the Red Sea and what species pose a real threat to people?
Blacktip reef shark
The blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus) prefers shallow water, but is also found at a depth of 70-100 meters. This type of shark usually has a small size and weight: 1-1.5 meters and 50-70 kg.
But it has a habit of grabbing swimmers by the fins or legs out of pure curiosity, without causing serious harm to human health.
And reef sharks differ from the blacktip only in weight, size and the fact that they descend to great depths from 200 to 300 meters deep into the Red Sea.
Reef sharks can bite.
The menu of these sharks that live in the warm sea consists of squid, crabs and medium-sized lobsters, octopuses, in addition, reef sharks have been seen in cannibalism, that is, in eating their own kind, weaker and smaller sharks.
Tiger shark
(Galeocerdo cuvier) - one of the most dangerous sharks for humans, lives in the waters of the Red Sea at great depths, but goes hunting in shallow water, hiding in reefs, especially at night.
Tiger shark attacks on swimmers are recorded every year. Unfortunately, deaths are not uncommon in such cases.
From more attacks are saved only by the fact that tiger sharks prefer muddy water and night hunting, and in the daytime they live at great depths of the seas and oceans.
hammerhead shark
It is one of the most ancient fish that still live in tropical seas, including the waters of the Red Sea.
The appearance of these sharks is awesome: a flat snout has the shape of a hammer, huge eyes,. The size of the predator is from 3 to 7 meters, and the weight reaches 300-350 kg.
The hammerhead shark develops high speed, due to the unusual structure of the head, it has a large coverage of the space explored around, has maneuverability and is very aggressive, including in relation to humans. She is in the top ten most dangerous sharks.
Whale shark
(Rhincodon typus) rarely, but stays in the waters of the Red Sea. This is the most large view sharks, some specimens of which are up to 20 meters in length, are dangerous to humans only in case of an accidental collision.
As a rule, they do not hunt him, feeding on plankton.
Watch video - Shark attacks in the Red Sea on divers and bathers:
General conclusions on shark attacks
Shark attacks in the Red Sea are usually caused by divers and recreational swimmers trying to get too close to the sharks, provoking predators to attack.
The appearance of a person during a shark hunt is also dangerous - at such moments, a predator will often attack a stranger, protecting its lands.
Collisions with sharks at great depths are especially risky for people - the difficulty of first aid, loss of consciousness from hemorrhage often lead to death.
The Red Sea, despite its rather modest size compared to many other seas, is one of the most beautiful and breathtaking seas in the world. Deserted and rather monotonous coastal landscapes contrast sharply with the breathtaking splendor of the underwater world. The Red Sea cannot leave indifferent anyone who has ever dived into it, at least with a simple mask.
Below are some of the most interesting inhabitants of the oceans - sharks.
Sharks (superorder Selachimorpha, or Selachii) are truly interesting and exciting creatures of nature. There are more than 33 species of sharks in the Red Sea. Most of these species are shown below.
Pelagic fox shark (Alopias pelagicus). Other names: pelagic thresher shark, pelagic sea fox, small-toothed sea fox, small-toothed fox shark, small-toothed fox shark.
Common fox shark (Alopias vulpinus). Other names: common fox shark, common sea fox, sea fox, fox shark, fox shark.
Hook-toothed bigeye shark (Chaenogaleus macrostoma). Other names: Indian Ocean bigeye shark, Malayan bigeye shark. 
Whitetip shark (Carcharhinus albimarginatus). Other names: whitetip shark, whitetip shark, whitetip shark.
Bignose shark (Carcharhinus altimus).
Darktip gray shark (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos). Other names: dark-finned gray shark, Indo-Pacific gray shark, gray reef shark.
Shortfin gray shark (Carcharhinus brevipinna). Other names: short-finned gray shark.
Silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis). Other names: broadmouth shark, Florida shark.
Bullhead shark (Carcharhinus leucas). Other names: bull shark, gray bull shark, bull shark.
Blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus). Other names: blacktip shark, blacktip shark, blacktip shark. 
Long-winged shark (Carcharhinus longimanus). Other names: long-winged gray shark, long-finned shark, long-finned gray shark.
Malagash night shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus). Other names: Madagascar night shark, Malagasy night shark, blacktip reef shark, blacktip reef shark.
Dark shark (Carcharhinus obscurus). Other names: dark gray shark, whitetip shark, whitetip shark, whitetip shark, dusky shark, dusky gray shark, dark dog shark, dark dog shark. 
Sand shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus). Other names: Sand gray shark, blue-gray shark, Mediterranean gray shark, Mediterranean shark. 
Gray-brown shark (Carcharhinus sorrah). Other names: sawtooth reef shark, sawtooth gray shark, sawtooth gray-brown shark. 
Common sand shark (Carcharias taurus). Other names: Gray sand shark, Atlantic sand shark, European sand shark, European gray shark, Argentine sand shark, Argentine gray shark, Australian sand shark, Australian gray shark, Australian nurse shark. 
Tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier):
Indian gray shark (Hemipristis elongata). 
Sevengill shark (Heptranchias perlo). Other names: ashen sevengill shark, sevengill shark.
Omani yago (Iago omanensis). Other names: big-eyed yago.
Shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus). Other names: shortfin mako shark, common mako shark, common mako, blacknose shark, bluegray porbeagle, gray-blue shark.
Rusty Nurse Shark (Nebrius ferrugineus). Other names: Indian Nurse Shark, Nebria Shark, Nebria or Nebria.
Madagascar sharp-toothed shark (Negaprion acutidens). Other names: Malagasy sharp-toothed shark, Malagasy sharp-toothed shark. 
Reef shark (Triaenodon obesus). Other names: common reef shark. 
Slit-eyed gray shark (Loxodon macrorhinus). 
Asian mustelid shark (Mustelus manazo). Other names: Asian marten shark, Asian sea marten, Japanese marten shark, Japanese marten shark, Japanese sea marten. 
Arabian marten shark (Mustelus mosis). Other names: Arabian marten shark, Arabian marten, Arabian marten shark, Arabian marten shark, Arabian sea marten. 
Whale shark (Rhincodon typus).
Sharpnose longnose shark (Rhizoprionodon acutus). Other names: milk shark, Walbem shark.
Bronze hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini). Other names: bronze hammerhead, bronze hammerhead, bronze hammerhead, southern hammerhead, southern hammerhead, southern hammerhead, southern hammerhead. 
Giant hammerhead shark (Sphyrna mokarran). Other names: giant hammerhead shark, giant hammerhead fish, giant hammerhead fish.
Common hammerhead shark (Sphyrna zygaena). Other names: common hammerhead shark, common hammerhead fish, common hammerhead fish, hammerhead fish, hammerhead fish, hammerhead shark.
Zebra shark (Stegostoma fasciatum). Other names: zebra shark.
A 53-year-old German man was attacked by a shark off the coast of the Red Sea in Egypt last weekend, in the fatal incident the man lost most of his leg.
The attack took place on the beaches of Marsa Alam, which are nestled along the southern part of the Red Sea in Egypt. The identity of the victim has not yet been established, although the German embassy noted that they are aware of the tragic death and plan to retrieve the body. The details of the incident are rather scarce, but an Egyptian security official said that a shark bit off one of the legs of a man just below the knee, this wound caused uncontrolled blood loss. Officials who gave ABC News details of the Saturday, March 21 shark attack agreed to do so only on condition of anonymity.
Egypt is considered one of the world's best diving destinations, and shark attacks are hardly new in the region. The previous series of attacks that took place in Sharm el-Sheikh sparked local conspiracy theories that the sharks were trained and released by Israel to kill human swimmers. Egyptian "cairo scene" notes that if further attacks occur this summer, such theories could resurface, although the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant will now be blamed for a possible shark attack, given global events.
Video. shark attack in egypt
“The truth is that shark attacks are natural, unavoidable tragic events, which is often explained by a simple saying: he was in the wrong place at the wrong time.”
In 2010, another German tourist was killed, a 70-year-old woman was killed by a shark while snorkeling. Four other people were seriously injured, as previously reported by the Inquisitr, the unprecedented attack involved five sharks that were seen once that week. Those attacks were blamed on ocean mako sharks and whitetip gray shark and various explanations for sharks' aggressive behavior have been proposed. It was thought that the lack of food, the increase in the average water temperature and the feeding of sharks by divers played a role in those attacks.
It was also thought that livestock carriers from Australia and New Zealand could dispose of dead animals by throwing them overboard, an action that could attract sharks closer to shore. Last year in the same region in the stomach tiger shark the remains of a sheep were found, it would seem that this confirms the voiced theory.
After a wave of shark attacks in 2010, the Egyptian authorities were forced to close a section of the beach along the Red Sea for a whole week.
Video. About the shark attack in the Red Sea in 2010
Sea Red- transparent, crystal clear - element. The sea is quiet and deep, joyfully calling and softly whispering tells the old oriental tales. The sea, I am in the transparent depth of the emerald color, the sun refracts the rays on the foamy splashes, the sea is in me and I am inside the sea. An endless expanse of water, and down there at a depth of amazingly beautiful undersea world, living its unsolved life, attracting millions of people seeking to know the unknown. Among them there are harmless and aggressive, shy and poisonous. So who are they - these dangerous inhabitants of the Red Sea? Today we'll talk about them. Let's start with the most harmless:
10. Corals bright colors and you just want to touch them, but there is a special reticulated fire coral (Millepora dichotoma), which, although it looks like a coral, is not. Fire corals are hydroid or polymedusa species that form large colonies on reefs in tropical waters where there is strong current and plenty of light. They grow very quickly and look like flat bushes with short double branches. Millepores look very picturesque. Bright yellow or brown colors, pleasant roundness at the end of the branch. It makes you want to break off a piece for memory, but it is there that the stinging cells (nematocytes) are located, with which the fire coral burns. The burn site does not heal for a long time and brings a lot of inconvenience to its owner. It swells, a blister appears and the lymph nodes are greatly enlarged. It is better to wash such a wound immediately sea water, removing all remnants of coral and treat with vinegar or alcohol, and if necessary, consult a doctor. You should also pay attention to sea sponges. Sponges- These multicellular creatures, although primitive, but some species, such as Red-bearded and Fire sponges, can cause allergic reactions in humans in the form of a rash. Assistance is the same as for a coral burn.
9. Starfish, colorful and so harmless always arouse the interest of divers. Among these species, only one species of "crown of thorns" (Acanthaster planci) can really harm a person. The color scheme of these not small creatures (their length is from 25 to 35 cm, although there are especially large specimens up to 50 cm in diameter) can be very different from blue-gray to brown, from bright orange to poisonous yellow. Usually the "Crown of Thorns" has 12 - 19 rays and with age their number can increase to 23. The entire body of the star is covered with long poisonous needles up to 3 cm long. The injection can be quite painful and may cause swelling, rash, nausea, and bleeding. The first thing to do is to immerse the limb in hot water and apply a bandage to prevent further spread of the poison, then see a doctor.
8 Sea urchins. They look like prickly balls that pierce any neoprene. If you stumble upon a sea urchin, then the injection site appears burning pain, shortness of breath and heart palpitations. First aid, as with an injection starfish: remove the needles, disinfect, keep in hot water and apply a tourniquet, go to the doctor.
7. Radiant Lionfish (Clearfin Lionfish) belongs to the scorpionfish family (Scorpaenidae) - majestic and unhurried fish. There are many varieties of this family, you can often find under water fish - zebra (Common Lionfish) and Russell's lionfish (Russells Lionfish). These are nocturnal hunters who drive small fish like a pack of wolves. And they love to swim on the verge of light and shadow. Their bodies are painted with bright stripes, and sharp poisonous spikes are hidden in luxurious fins. The injections of these insidious creatures cause severe pain, up to anaphylactic shock. A person may experience cramps and heart palpitations, nausea, vomiting, numbness, dizziness, diarrhea, and heavy sweating. Some experts claim that the poison of the lionfish is not inferior to the poison of the cobra, although not a single fatal case has been recorded from this creature in official medicine! In any case, it is better to stay away from all representatives of the scorpion family and carefully look under your feet.
6. Sea snakes- one name already chills the soul, and although the poison of marine reptiles is 10 times stronger than its land relative - cobra, it acts on the human body very slowly. You should not think that sea snakes rush at people at the first opportunity. In fact, they rarely attack them and in most cases try to swim away from annoying divers. However, if you are a fan of diving in dense underwater thickets, then you can simply not notice the snake there. Only a few hours after the bite, muscle spasms and drooping of the eyelids can begin. We apply a tourniquet above the bite site, and consult a doctor as soon as possible.
5. gray reef shark(did you think we forgot about it?) - the most common species of reef sharks in the Red Sea. Usually the gray reef shark lives at depths up to 270-280 meters. She loves clean water with a strong current. Often lives on the lee side of a reef. The gray reef shark has an average size of 1.5 to 2.5 meters. Gray reef sharks (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos) are very curious creatures, but unless provoked, they most likely won't attack. It's easy to piss off a shark during mating season, when it might consider you a competitor. Also, sharks do not like camera flashes. The shark expresses its aggression quite clearly, it arches its back, raises its muzzle and lowers its pectoral fins. In this case, you should not hesitate, it is better not to fuss to leave its territory, swimming away facing the shark. If it continues to swim at you, try to dodge to the side when approaching. And although a person is a big enough prey for her, she can inflict serious wounds.
It is not necessary to provide first aid to the victim slowly, to clean the wound, but be careful, a person may have a painful shock and your actions will cause an even stronger reaction of the victim. The wound can bleed heavily, so it is necessary to stop the bleeding before the doctor appears. For this, the direct pressure method must be used. A pressure bandage or tourniquet is best. Not less than efficient way it will be if you simply wrap the limbs with a circular drag. Of course, in an emergency, a tourniquet may not be at hand, and this is exactly the case in 99%, you can use any material at hand. It can be a rubber tube, scarf, belt, rope, etc.
After you have tried to stop the bleeding, the wound must be treated. It should be a solution of iodine, potassium permanganate, alcohol, vodka, cologne. If you have a cotton swab or gauze, wet them with one of the solutions and treat the edges of the wound from the outside.
Nothing needs to be poured into the wound itself. This will not only increase the already severe pain, but also damage the tissues, slowing down the healing process. If the wound was in the stomach, then you can not drink or eat anything. After treatment, a bandage is applied to the abdomen.
4. Moray eels- belong to eel-like ray-finned fish and are always shrouded in secrets and legends. Is it creepy appearance moray eels, whether their secrecy encourages our creative consciousness to hang all sorts of evil labels on them. In fact, moray eels are shy and hide in the crevices of reefs. Quite a few species of moray eels live in the Red Sea, for example: Giant moray (Giant moray), Yellowheaded moray (Yellowheaded morey), Yellowmouth moray (Yellowmouth morey), Wavy moray (Undulate morey), Moray dragon (Dragon morey), Moray zebra (Zebra morey), White-eyed moray eel (White-eyed morey), Peppered moray eel (Peppered morey), Cellular moray eel (Honeycomb morey), Yellow-edged moray eel (Yellow-edged morey) and others. attracting customers, local diving clubs offer divers to hand-feed moray eels. For everyone who cares about their hands, remember that moray eels do not see well, but they feel great meat and they don’t care if it’s a piece of food or a diver’s fingers. A hundred people will feed her and everything will be fine, but 101 will pay for everyone. This is not a pet. Moray eels are smart predators, and if something gets into their mouths, they practically do not open their jaws, glaring at their prey with a bulldog grip. If they help you get rid of her grip, we urgently disinfect the wound and go to the doctor, treat the wound and head.
We've reached the top three. Let's learn more about them!
3. Stingrays belong to the class of chordates - Elasmobranchii - Cartilaginous fish.
Electric stingrays (Torpediniformes) range in size from small - 12-15 cm long, to large - up to 2 m long and weighing up to 100 kg. Unlike other rays, electric rays are often brightly colored. On the sides of the head are paired electrical organs formed by modified muscle tissue. Animal electricity condenses in the electrical organs. The discharge is carried out arbitrarily under the influence of brain impulses. A single discharge lasts 0.003-0.05 s, but usually the ramp produces a series of 20-30 discharges that follow each other quickly. The voltage during discharge can reach from 60 to 300 volts at a current strength of up to 5 amperes. Such shaking causes paralytic shock, severe pain, swelling, muscle cramps. The victim of the impact of the electric stingray must be pulled out of the water, put in the shade and create peace for him. Another representative of this species dangerous to humans is the stingray - the stingray (Dasyatidae) has a wide disk, a powerful tail at the base and thinning at the end. In the middle part of the tail, these creatures have dagger-shaped spikes that can grow up to 37 cm long. The tail strike is similar to the attack of a scorpion - the tail bends forward and the stingray delivers a powerful blow with a whip-like movement. Poison, penetrating into the wound, causes sharp pains, drop in blood pressure, tachycardia, vomiting, paralysis. The thorn that has fallen into the wound must be removed only surgically, because. often it breaks off in the wound and can cause a secondary fungal, bacterial or mixed infection. After the injection, the wound must be cleaned, disinfected, the damaged part of the body should be held in very hot water (at least 50 C), and then a pressure bandage should be applied and urgently consult a doctor.
2. Cones. Cone clams, from the shells that we listen to the sound of the sea and enjoy the memories of the holiday, may not be so safe. The marine gastropod mollusk hides in its beautiful mother-of-pearl shell and, in case of danger, releases its spike, located at the edge of the shell, forward. Their habitat halo is quite large, including the western part of the Indo-Pacific region, which includes the Red Sea. All cones are predators and feed on snails, marine worms and even fish. These last are the most dangerous for people. Despite poor eyesight, the cone has very developed olfactory organs. Buried in the sand, he waits for the victim, feeling the approach of the prey, sticks his proboscis into it, in which there are many small teeth - harpoons. Instantly injects toxic poison and paralyzes its victim. Cones have a special poison, which includes 50 different types toxins and has no antidote. The most dangerous of them is the Geographic cone (Conus geographus), which is nocturnal. According to statistics, for 10 cases of a bite, three are fatal. The bite causes severe, increasing pain, convulsions, profuse salivation, difficulty swallowing, upset gastrointestinal tract, speech difficulty. The victim must be urgently hospitalized, and before that, examine the wound, remove the remnants of the thorn, treat with alcohol and immobilize the affected part of the body, apply a pressure bandage.
1. Our leader TOP 10 "The most dangerous inhabitants of the Red Sea", is…
Stone fish or wart fish(Red Sea Walkman - "Red Sea Pedestrian") - a master of disguise. Buried in the sand, she can lie motionless at the bottom for hours. She merges with environment that it is almost impossible to notice her, and it is this disguise that makes her the winner of our rating “The Most Dangerous Inhabitants of the Red Sea.” Her back can be deadly to humans, because it has a number of spikes that release poison. The pain from the injection is so strong that the person wants to cut off his injured limbs. If the poison enters the vessel, then without rendering medical care death occurs within 2-3 hours. The main symptoms are pain, shock, and limb death, depending on the depth of penetration. Injured people may experience unpleasant symptoms for a long time. By the way, the English name for the wart is “pedestrian”. When she gets tired of lying on the bottom, she uses the rays of her pectoral fins to "walk" along the seabed and often leaves noticeable grooves in the sand behind her. When any representatives of scorpionfish are injected, the wound must be washed, disinfected, to neutralize the poison, hold the damaged part of the body in very hot water for half an hour and apply a pressure bandage. Seek immediate medical attention after first aid.
Who is warned is armed! Your safety is in your hands:
1. Wear special shoes. Neoprene slippers have an affordable price, but they can give you incomparably more - the safety of your feet. But even in them you should not walk in shallow water from the outside of the reef. The needles of some sea creatures are very long and can accidentally touch an unprotected part of the body.
2. Do not splash in puddles at low tide, some fish, such as rays, can burrow into the wet sand and wait for the tide.
3. Divers are forbidden to swim alone, but some daredevils still break the rules. While diving, do not feed the fish or attract their attention with fresh blood. If you cut yourself somewhere or have wounds that can bleed, it's best not to risk swimming in the water. If the fish behaves aggressively in the event of an attack, hit it on the head or snout - these are the most vulnerable places, having felt a rebuff, it can swim away by itself.
4. Remove any spikes of the needle from the wounds very carefully so that they do not break and do not crumble even more. Take a soft rag or some kind of napkin and carefully pull out the foreign object. Even if you could not remove everything, limestone needles or spikes dissolve in our body over time and leave it without consequences. The main thing in such cases is to disinfect the wound well so that infection does not start.
5. It would be nice to be able to do artificial respiration and know the basics of first aid for bites, cuts, etc.
6. Be sure to take a first aid kit with you, which should contain such ointments as tetracycline, erythromycin, as well as iodine, brilliant green. In Arab countries, the names of medicines are written in Arabic and not the fact that the pharmacy speaks English.
7. Fans of snorkeling should not swim in unfamiliar areas, it is better to wear swimming trunks that are not easy, and a special thin neoprene T-shirt (1 - 1.5 mm will be enough) to protect against sunlight and accidental contact with the poisonous inhabitants of the Red Sea, choose for swimming reefs, so that the depth is at least 2 meters, do not feed, do not stroke the fish, do not kiss for a selfie with the fish, do not break, do not unscrew, do not even touch the corals, and if all the same unforeseen troubles happen to you, save calm and seek help.
Undersea world red sea beautiful and everything in nature is harmonious. A person discovers the water element in order to contemplate, enjoy and study the unknown. Do not kiss moray eels and do not feed sharks - these are not pets. We are just guests in this world, and we will be polite and prudent, and then we will not be afraid of any poisonous creatures. Even dives to all.
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