Blue spider mushroom that glows. Description and distribution of the blue cobweb mushroom (gray-blue)

The forest plantations that surround the city, periodically illuminated by golden light and watered by raindrops, are excellent for picking mushrooms. Being a mushroom picker is not an easy task. A true forester is passionate about his work; he lives only by regularly looking through encyclopedias, studying more and more new types of mushrooms, and traveling through unexplored corners of coniferous and mixed forests.

Mining for gold Russian forests“, you shouldn’t randomly put the first mushroom you come across into a basket, because it can turn out to be poisonous; during a “quiet hunt”, the mushroom picker is required to be attentive, patient and able to enjoy the next trophy.

Exactly when it settles in the street sunny weather, the bushes of maple and juicy wild raspberries will flare up with a bright crimson, when the greenery of fir and spruce becomes even more fragrant and fresh, and the riverine bird cherry sheds its green decoration, you can go for mushrooms, including cobwebs, a description of which you will find in this article.

Description of the species

Cobweb (Cortinarius) is a mushroom growing in Russian forests, which has become widespread not only in Russia, but also abroad; according to scientists, there are more than forty (!) species of cobwebs in nature. Let this article, my dear reader, become a kind of compass for you in the Russian forest expanses, in it we will study all the most popular types of spider webs, thanks to which you will have a good understanding of them. Where cobwebs grow, there is always a fragrant smell of fresh pine needles and dried maple leaves; this mushroom is found throughout the CIS countries: from Siberia to the European part of the countries.

All types of cobwebs have one thing in common: a very bright, memorable, acidic color. Before throwing another fungus into the basket, you need to make sure whether it is edible or not, and it is better to plan the cultivation of cobwebs in advance.

What does a spider web look like?

“Cobweb” is indeed a very surprising name for a mushroom (for some this word evokes associations with slippery spiders or cobwebs), in fact, cobweb is a special mushroom, young fruiting bodies which can boast of the presence of a thin veil-like film in the place where the cap and stem of the mushroom are connected. When a member of the mushroom kingdom reaches mature age, the same film stretches and breaks into separate threads, which in appearance resemble a cobweb; as the mushroom grows older, this feature of the mushroom disappears, and instead of the threads a ring appears on the stem.

Cobwebs like to grow in groups or singly in deciduous and mixed forests, as well wet forests with an admixture of spruce and fir, they choose damp, swampy areas, but in damp, chilly weather, cobwebs can be found growing far from the swamps.

In view of the above features, the spiderwort, divided into various subgenera and subspecies, belonging to the order of agaricaceae, is also popularly called the marshweed, the first mushrooms “come out” already in May, fruiting of the spiderwort continues until late autumn.

Spider webs, most often growing in damp moss, belong to the category lamellar mushrooms with narrow and frequent plates, the shades of which can vary from milky cream to dark brown, almost all spider webs have a bell-shaped cap, covered on top with shiny and sticky mucus. When broken, the fleshy flesh of the spider webs, colored in brown, soft yellow or flesh tones, thins out the unpleasant aroma, which after heat treatment disappears before our eyes.

Most of the spider webs are inedible, and some specimens are even considered deadly poisonous. The habitat of the spider webs covers the Far East, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Siberia and Belarus, this rare mushroom is ubiquitous on the outskirts of the swamps of Italy, Belgium, Great Britain, the USA, Finland, as well as Estonia, some species of spider webs, for example, purple, are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.

The healing properties of cobwebs, its benefits and harms

Perhaps, not only our compatriots experience a feeling of euphoria from wandering through the forest in search of the next large mushroom hidden under the fallen leaves, as well as from cooking mushrooms in their kitchen.

Some chefs promote the use of certain types of spider webs in cooking, for example, yellow, purple, or, say, superb spider webs; they say that dishes prepared from these mushrooms have an incomparable nutty flavor. Unfortunately, other types of cobwebs, for some inexplicable reason, are considered useless and do not carry any taste value in themselves.

Despite the fact that most representatives of this genus are considered poisonous, this does not reduce the percentage of valuable microelements in cobwebs, which makes it possible to use marsh plants in medicine.

Storage method: collected cobwebs should never be stored in damp conditions; you can put mushroom specimens, which will be useful in the future for preparing delicious snacks, in canvas bags or in a dry container for several days.

Varieties of cobwebs

A sea of ​​unforgettable impressions and a real reward await connoisseurs of “silent hunting”, romantics of the soul and gentlemen of fortune” - this statement will give incentive to those. who plans to go mushroom hunting in the coming days. Where berries- blueberries, lingonberries and blueberries form huge thickets throughout the forest zone; in coniferous, as well as coniferous-small-leaved forests, you can find abundant accumulations of cobwebs various types, which also love to grow near oaks and beeches, in forest clearings, edges of pine forests and dry deciduous forest belts. Similar species of cobwebs listed in reference books, indeed, amaze with their diversity, some of them have funny, absurd names. others are beautiful, memorable, others, thanks to their name, tell us a lot.

Bulbous webwort - (Leucocortinarius bulbiger)

The bulbous white web belongs to the category of conditionally edible agaric mushrooms of medium quality; it is one of those mushrooms that experienced mushroom pickers recognize at first sight. Unlike other representatives of the arachnoid family, the bulbous white cobweb has its own “individuality”: this is the presence of white spore powder and plates that do not fade until old age.

Characteristics of the bulbous white web indicate the presence of:

• a convex, blunt bell-shaped cap with an edge curved from the cobwebby cover, then it becomes convex with a wide tubercle; along its edges you can see white remains of the cortina, reminiscent of half-washed warts. The color of the cap can be soft cream, pale red, dirty yellow or brownish-orange; in dry weather, the tendency of the bulbous white web to fade increases exponentially;
• light, whitish, frequent and narrow plates, attached to a tooth, which subsequently become dirty cream or clayey;
• a soft, watery, odorless stalk with a clearly defined nodule at the base; the length of the stalk can vary from 5 to 7 cm.

Anomalous cobweb - (Cortinarius anomalus)

Anomalous cobweb, which belongs to the category of not edible mushrooms family Cortinariaceae, has a predisposition to live near mossy or swampy forest areas, likes to grow in small groups in the shade of a spruce forest on a litter of dry leaves, pine needles. But most novice mushroom pickers are concerned about when to collect anomalous cobwebs, or abnormal cobwebs, so it’s better to do this, starting from the beginning of August until the first autumn frosts hit.

Specimens of the anomalous cobweb, being an integral part of the green miracle of life, externally look like this: the handsome forest spider has a cap with a diameter of 4-7 cm, first convex, then flat, smooth and silky, the shade of which can vary from asphalt gray to brown or “ Red brick".

The cylindrical leg of the anomalous cobweb has a length of 6-10 cm, as a rule, it is gray-fawn or pale ocher, smooth and silky to the touch.

Purple web spider - (Cortinarius purpurascens)

In the exciting shadow of the cool spruce forest, under the canopy of fallen leaves nestled a purple spiderweb - another bright representative of the genus arachnoid, which belongs to the category of conditionally edible lamellar mushrooms.

After heavy rain, the cap of the purple cobweb, whose diameter is 13-15 cm, becomes sticky, moist and smooth, glistening treacherously in the sun. By standard, the cap of the scarlet web spider is brown, but depending on the habitat, its shades can vary from chocolate to rich olive. Hygrophorus is characterized by the presence of frequent, adherent, first densely purple and then bright red plates, which in young “forest inhabitants” are almost always covered with a cobwebby blanket.

White-purple web spider - (Cortinarius alboviolaceus)

A dense, impenetrable, coniferous forest, as if from some old fairy tale, where the main characters are mushrooms, there are different mushrooms and there are a lot of them, but against their background, the white-violet cobweb, which loves the damp soils of taiga forests, stands out with its super-color.

The cap of the web spider is white and purple. The cap of this representative of the cobweb family has a diameter of 6-9 cm, at first it is convex, and later straightens out to a flat one, its color range includes silver-violet, white-violet or simply whitish tones. Young mushrooms have pale purple plates, which become tobacco-ochre in old age, and are densely shaded with cortina.

The leg of the spider web is white and purple. Decorated with a ring-shaped belt, usually of a pale lilac hue.

Brilliant cobweb - (Cortinarius evernius)

The cobweb with a catchy, slightly pretentious name is brilliant - another discovery of mycologists; this wonder of the world grows in damp birch groves middle zone Russia, as well as in spruce forests and near aspens. The mushroom consists of a sharp, bell-shaped, brown-brown cap with a soft purple tint, 3-4 (8) cm in diameter, which glitters when the weather is damp.

The fibrous-silky leg of the brilliant spider web with a noticeable brownish-lilac tint, 5-6 cm long, narrowed towards the base.

Marsh webweed - (Cortinarius uliginosus)

Grown on damp, marshy soils, under the crown of a sweetheart weeping willow and the alders that hung their earrings and smelled like an abnormal marsh webwort is rightfully considered the king of Russian forests, also prefers the lowlands and lands of the Alpine regions with their mysterious original culture.

Knowing about the eternal nostalgia of the marsh webwort for willows, it becomes impossible to confuse it with other webworts. The marsh webwort is a poisonous mushroom with a humpbacked and pointed cap of a fibrous-silky texture with a diameter of 2-6 cm, which is painted in attractive copper-golden, red- brick shades. The mushroom has bright yellow plates that become saffron-colored with age. The leg of the marsh webwort is up to 10 cm in height, the texture of which is fibrous.

Great spiderwort - (Cortinarius largus)

This representative of the genus of mushrooms from the family Cobweb (Cortinariaceae) has already taken a fancy to the sandy soils of forest edges and inhabits the coniferous and deciduous forests of many European countries. The cap of the large cobweb has a convex-spread or simply convex shape, the flesh of the mushroom has no specific taste or aroma, has a purple color, gradually becoming white. The hymenophore from the genus Arachnidaceae consists of plates attached to a tooth, smoothly running down the stem.

The large cobweb is characterized by the presence of a solid, cylindrical shape filled inside, which at the base has a thickening in the form of a club.

Bracelet web spider - (Cortinarius armillatus)

The only tree with which the bracelet cobweb forms mycorrhiza is birch, and therefore this representative of the Cobweb family grows in groups of up to 30 pieces in one area near birch groves and coniferous forests, where the soil is acidic, and look for the bracelet cobweb.

Hat. Diameter - from 3-7 to 15 cm, round, wide bell-shaped with a wide but flat tubercle, depending on lighting and weather conditions The cap of the bracelet web is shaded by reddish-yellow-brownish, brownish-red, coral tones; due to the remnants of the spathe, the edge of the cap becomes cinnabar-red.

The mushroom pulp has a faint smell of dampness and radish, has a soft delicate texture and an unforgettable mushroom taste.

The stem of the mushroom is from 5 to 15 cm in length, in the upper part it is colored in silvery-grayish-brown shades, in the lower part it is ocher-brownish. The most important and striking feature is the presence of 1 to 5 coral, amber-honey-gilded, almost saturated brick-red membranous belts.

Spring web spider - (Cortinarius vernus)

Scientists classify the spring cobweb as an inedible mushroom, although there is no data on its toxicity. Cobwebs live in symbiosis with some shrubs and trees: spruce, alder, birch, hazel or hazel; spring cobwebs grow absolutely everywhere: along roadways, along forest paths , in clearings and even in moss, their collection time is from April to June.

Blue-banded web spider - (Cortinarius balteatocumatili)

The bluish-girdled cobweb gets its name because it has a grayish cap with a cold blue tint, up to 8 cm in diameter and a leg with a beautiful belt up to 10 cm in length. The bluish-girdled cobweb forms mycorrhiza in alliance with spruce and larch, grows on moist soils rich in calcium.

Blue web spider - (Cortinarius salor)

Enough rare view of the Arachnidaceae family, which grows in only one region in Russia. The lamellar, conditionally edible mushroom has a heavenly, expressive shade of a hemispherical cap with a brownish-brown color and shading closer to the edge, then the cap becomes ocher with a blue border. The leg of the blue spider web is quite high (from 3 to 10 cm), long and slender, in the lower part it becomes tuberous.

Oak grove webweed - (Cortinarius nemorensi)

The scientific classification of the oak spiderwort, which is charming in appearance, tells us the following features: it is a cap-footed lamellar mushroom, which has the “status” of an inedible or little-known edible mushroom. The cap of the oak grove webwort is dirty yellow with cracking and tearing edges, the plates are fawn, pale brown, the leg is high and flexible.

Yellow webweed - (Cortinarius triumphans)

“It is smeared with honey where yellow cobwebs grow” - this rule should be known by heart to those mushroom pickers who want to learn a little more about cobwebs, because the yellow cobweb, which is known to science as the triumphal cobweb, is perhaps the most fleshy and tastiest of all representatives of the genus Cobwebs. .

According to foreign sources, this mushroom, locally distributed on the Eurasian continent, is inedible, but domestic researchers still classified scatterings of golden-sunny mushrooms as conditionally edible.

Okay, strong beauties were born to the wonder of everyone - a hemispherical, convex-outstretched cap with an oily surface, painted in a yellow-orange, golden undertone. a dense, cylindrical leg up to 15 cm in length, greatly expanding at the base, and most importantly, the pulp is delicious, nutritious, with a bitter aftertaste and subtle mushroom notes of aroma.

Variable web spider - (Cortinarius varius)

Mushroom picking is a truly exciting activity, so if you find yourself in the epicenter of this event, you should pay attention to the variable spider web, which lives in the mountain rocky tundra, dark coniferous and deciduous forests of various regions of our vast planet: Western Europe, Far East.

Camphor cobweb - (Cortinarius camphoratus)

With its outlines and proportions, the camphor cobweb is somewhat reminiscent of its counterparts; it bears fruit from late August to early October; the smell of the camphor cobweb is so unpleasant and musty that you want to vomit. Only carrion or rotten potato peelings smell like that.

Young camphor spiderwort is usually purple in color, but with age the colors somehow mix; the cap of the poisonous mushroom is 6-12 cm in diameter.

Goat's web spider - (Cortinarius traganus)

Among the thick mosses, in the shade of pines and birches against the background of a yellow-green picture of the forest, a conditionally edible mushroom stands out with its enchanting color - the goat's web, which has a dense, fleshy, soft purple cap with a diameter of 3 to 12 cm, along the edge it is fibrous, closer to the periphery is slightly scaly.

Cinnamon web spider - (Cortinarius cinnamomeus)

What is the most beautiful thing in the world? Of course, the cinnamon spider web, found in coniferous and mixed forests of Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Poland, Lithuania, Denmark, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and North America, widespread in temperate climatic zone Russia: from Kaliningrad to harsh Kamchatka.

Beautiful web spider - (Cortinarius rubellus)

Be careful, mushroom picker, the most beautiful spider web is not a toy! Be careful and attentive while wandering through forest copses and thicket paths! Indeed, why the most beautiful spider web is so named is probably clear only to professional mycologists.

After all, in fact, under the mask of an innocent “simpleton” there is a deadly poisonous mushroom, chemical composition which is due to the presence record number orellanines - compounds that act very slowly and deadly, causing irreversible changes in kidney tissue, therefore eating spider webs is strictly prohibited.

Bloody reddish web spider - (Cortinarius semisanguineus)

The blood-reddish cobweb immediately attracts attention with its original, slightly incomprehensible name. Hmm..., bloody reddish, why did it cook like that? Isn’t it true that it contains blood? Complete nonsense! In fact, the name Cortinarius semisanguineus can be translated in different ways, but probably the most awkward translation has become generally accepted; let’s better not talk about extravagance, but rather tell you about the bloody-red web spider in more detail.

Blood-reddish cobweb is a deadly poisonous mushroom that grows in the northern and central regions of the Russian Federation, both in groups and alone, has a bell-shaped cap with a characteristic central tubercle, as well as a stalk 4 to 8 cm high.

Blood red web spider - (Cortinarius sanguineus)

Blood-red cobweb - oh my God, it is deadly poisonous, so don’t let your feet be within a 3 km radius of this poisoner of human lives and destroyer of human hearts! This representative of the subgenus Dermocybe (similar to skin) has first a convex, then flat and dry cap from 2 to 5 cm in diameter, as well as a stalk from 3 to 6 cm in length, the flesh of the mushroom is a rich dark blood-red color with a specific rare aroma and bitter taste.

Lazy web spider - (Cortinarius bolaris)

Refers to mildly poisonous, unsuitable for food mushrooms Low quality due to the high content of toxins in its composition, the cap of the lazy web spider (4-7 cm in diameter) is poular-shaped in “childhood”, then becomes cushion-shaped, slightly convex, the leg is red-orange, from 3 to 8 cm in length.

Various spider web - (Cortinarius multiformis)

A rare conditionally edible mushroom of the lamellar type, which began to be called so due to the white cobwebby blanket, which in young specimens articulates the edges of the cap with the stem.

Cobweb plant - (Cortinarius delibutus)

Beautiful young “guys” stand out with a copper-yellow, ocher-golden, summer-like sunny cap with a curled edge (diameter - from 3 to 9 cm), the cobwebby cover of the cobweb is white, weak, disappearing, almost weightless.

Common spiderwort - (Cortinarius trivialis)

The cap of the common spiderwort is characterized by a variable multifaceted color and plays with color tints in the sun - sometimes it is copper-brown, sometimes it is pale ocher, sometimes pale yellow, glistening with an olive tint (its diameter is from 3 to 8 cm).

Orange web spider - (Cortinarius armeniacus)

Orange cobweb, otherwise called apricot-yellow cobweb, belongs to the group of conditionally edible agaric mushrooms. unique in that they have a hemispherical, and in youth - a half-spread cap with a diameter of 7-12 cm, the flesh of which is white-yellow, smells very pleasant, this cap is mounted on a thin stalk with a length of 8 to 15 cm, so the yellow apricot web is a mushroom thin-legged.

Peacock web spider - (Cortinarius pavonius)

The peacock web grows in beech forests of many European countries (Denmark, Great Britain, France, the Baltic countries), as well as in Russia - in Siberia and the Urals. An attractive mushroom with a brick-colored spherical cap that tends to straighten out, it is inedible because it contains life-threatening toxins.

Spider web - (Cortinarius Privignoides)

Pasynoid cobweb (otherwise called tuberous cobweb), forming mycorrhiza with spruce, pine or fir, likes to grow on fallen needles and black branches rotted from moisture, the distribution area of ​​the pasynoid cobweb covers part of the territory of North America and the European continent, New York is a haven for growth cobweb of this species.

Staining cobweb - (Cortinarius collinitus)

The soiling cobweb, or direct cobweb, is another native of the Cobweb cohort, growing in the lowlands of mixed and deciduous forests, in shaded aspen forests and endowed with quite high taste qualities, thanks to which the soiling cobweb makes simply divine second courses.

Membranous webweed - (Cortinarius paleaceus)

A high-quality edible mushroom, without a doubt, is the membranous cobweb, which has a convex cap with a sharp mastoid tubercle, as a rule, it is dark brown, less often brownish-brown with radial ocher stripes.

According to literary information, the thin, incredibly fragile pulp of the filmy web plant gives off a fresh aroma of geranium.

Plush web spider - (Cortinarius orellanus)

The plush cobweb, according to scientists, is deadly poisonous mushroom, the composition of which is full of orellanines, cortinarines, and also benzoinines, despite this pulp plush web spider radish smells nice.

Semi-hairy webweed - (Cortinarius hemitrichus)

The semi-hairy cobweb is a lamellar cap-footed hymenophore, the surface of the cap (its diameter is 1-5 cm) is completely covered with fibrous whitish scales, while it itself is painted in grayish tones, the leg of the semi-pilose cobweb reaches a length of 3-8 cm.

Excellent webweed - (Cortinarius praestans)

Superb spiderwort - “a tasty rarity,” among all types of spiderworts, September spiderworts grow in small clusters of broad-leaved, coniferous and mixed forests in the southern and western parts of Russia.

Red-olive web spider - (Cortinarius rufoolivaceus)

The red-olive web spider has a strong friendship with trees: beech, oak and hornbeam. Its fruiting begins in September and ends in October, the hymenophore has a brown-purple, bright scarlet, wine-colored cap with a barely noticeable purple tint, a dense, bright purple stem - up to 11 cm in length.

Light buffy spiderwort - (Cortinarius claricolor)

In a dry, sunny pine forest, illuminated by God’s own piercing light, the light of life, light ocher spiderworts grow, the cap of which most often sticks out from under white or green moss. Drawing a parallel between the light ocher cobweb and the porcini mushroom, you can confuse them with each other - your heart skips a beat when you run up to it in the desire to pick it, but bad luck - instead of tubes you see a weightless cobwebby blanket. This means that in front of you is a light ocher spiderweb.

Silver web spider - (Cortinarius argentatus)

Silver cobweb - what kind of “fruit”? Silver cobweb can boast a truly victorious name, it grows everywhere, prefers shady conifers and deciduous forests, the purple cap of the fruiting body is silky and pleasant to the touch. The lower surface of the cap was occupied by plates, the color was violet, then soft ocher, brown, with a hint of rust.

Blue-gray webweed - (Cortinarius caerulescens)

The cap-legged mushroom, which has grayish-bluish flesh with a weakly expressed fresh taste, is widely distributed throughout the nemoral zone of North America, as well as Europe; clusters of blue-blue cobwebs were also found in the Primorsky Territory in the Russian Federation.

Blue web spider - (Cortinarius glaucopus)

The gossamer, with the funny name blue-legged, belongs to the fourth category of edibility; it is a traditional inhabitant of densely overgrown spruce forests, deciduous and mixed forests.

• cap - from 5 to 15 cm in diameter, usually dirty yellow or brown with a cold olive tint;
• the fruiting body also includes a stalk, 3 to 10 cm long, which at the base resembles the shape of a tuber;
• spore powder is a shade of copper rust.

Slime web spider - (Cortinarius mucifluus)

When you see the slime cobweb, your heart begins to beat in unison with the sounds of nature and the chirping of grasshoppers; this unusual mushroom can be found growing in pine and mixed forests of Georgia and Northern Europe, as well as in the vicinity of the Murmansk and Tver regions.

Slimy cobweb - (Cortinarius mucosus)

What the slimy cobweb looks like - only the slimy cobweb can look like this. This is one of the few representatives of the Cobweb genus that has established relationships with spruce and aspen, and is distinguished by the presence of a “helical leg” that is repeatedly surrounded by the remains of a cobwebby blanket.

Edible cobweb (Plump) - (Cortinarius esculentus)

The name of the cobweb speaks for itself, the edible cobweb (Plump) is the owner of a strong, fleshy leg 2-3 cm long, which firmly holds in the soil, and a smooth, moist, watery cap with a diameter of 5 to 8 cm.

Purple web spider - (Cortinarius violaceus)

The spider web with an unusual exotic coloring is an “alien” on planet Earth and is listed in the Red Book of Russia as a rare species on the verge of extinction.

Scaly webweed - (Cortinarius pholideus)

“In the absence of fish, and the cancer is a fish” - this rule can be applied to the scaly web, which is supposed to be fried, boiled and pickled during the period of acute lack of mushrooms.

Saffron cobweb - (Cortinarius croceus)

There is a variety of assorted mushrooms in the basket, the mushroom cap is hemispherical, then bell-shaped (15-50 mm in diameter), the plates are mustard-colored, with teeth, the stem is club-shaped (30-60 mm in length).

Bright red web spider - (Cortinarius erythrinus)

Wow, this is a bright red spider web, it’s very pretty, its cap is first conical, then bell-shaped, its plates are brown-chestnut, sparse with an intense red tint, its uneven, longitudinally fibrous stem reaches a length of 4-5 cm, spore powder - cocoa color.

How to cook spider web: cooking recipes

Favorite recipe - fried spider web mushrooms in tender sour cream - “Elegy of Taste”

In order to a quick fix To prepare the filigree dish “Elegy of Taste”, you will need to have the following list of ingredients in the kitchen:

1. Fresh yellow spider web mushrooms - 500 grams.
2. Vegetable oil - 2 tablespoons.
3. Full-fat sour cream - half a glass.
4. Wheat flour - 1 tbsp.
5. Hard cheese - 30 grams.

Cooking method:

Step 1. Boil some water over a fire, clean fresh spider web mushrooms from adhered maple leaves and other “forest” debris, rinse under running water and scald thoroughly with boiling water.

Step 2. Place the mushrooms on a strainer to drain the water. Cut the mushrooms into medium pieces and fry in vegetable oil on all sides; when the mushrooms soften and are slightly golden brown, add 1 teaspoon of flour and wait a little longer.

Step 3. Next, pour rich sour cream into the mushrooms, boil, decorate with grated cheese on top, it is recommended to bake the dish. The final touch is to sprinkle the aromatic dish “Elegy of Taste” with chopped herbs, the result will be yummy, so yummy that you won’t be able to pull it off by the ears! Volushka mushrooms, recipes for preparing for the winter Boletus mushroom - beneficial properties, contraindications and recipes Boletus mushroom - beneficial properties, contraindications and recipes

• Division: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
• Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
• Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
• Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
• Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
• Family: Cortinariaceae (Cobwebs)
• Genus: Cortinarius (Spiderweb)
• View: Cortinarius salor (Blue web spider)

Description:
The hat and blanket are slimy. 3-8 cm in diameter, initially convex, then flat, sometimes with a small tubercle, bright blue or bright bluish-violet, then from the center becomes grayish or pale brown, with a bluish or violet edge.

The plates are adherent, sparse, initially bluish or purple, remain that way for a very long time, then light brown.

Spores are 7-9 x 6-8 microns in size, broadly ellipsoidal to almost spherical, warty, yellow-brown.

The leg is slimy and dries out in dry weather. Bluish, bluish-violet, or lilac with ocher-greenish-olive spots, then whitish without bands. Size 6-10 x 1-2 cm, cylindrical or slightly thickened downward, closer to club-shaped.

The pulp is whitish, bluish under the skin of the cap, tasteless and odorless.

Spreading:
Grows in coniferous and deciduous forests, often with high humidity, prefers birch. On soil rich in calcium.

Similarities:
It is very similar to, grows with it and ends up in the baskets of inexperienced mushroom pickers along with the rows. Similar to Cortinarius transiens, growing in coniferous forests on acidic soils, which is sometimes found in sources as Cortinarius salor ssp. transiens.

Grade:
Not edible.

Note:
Belongs to the subgenus Myxacium, which is characterized by a mucous cap, stalk and general veil. Among similar types, belongs to the section Delibui (Cortinarius delibutus), which combines mushrooms with plates in bluish-violet tones.

Spider mushroom, very common all over the world, only in our area, there are more than forty (!) species. Of all this diversity, only two species are considered edible - the superb cobweb and the watery-blue cobweb. The rest are unsuitable for consumption, and over ten species are completely poisonous. Therefore, we recommend that you do not collect these mushrooms unless you are a super experienced and confident mushroom picker, although even in this case, there are many other mushrooms worthy of attention that are less dangerous. Spider webs grow throughout the CIS countries, from Siberia to the European part of the countries, in coniferous and deciduous forests. One of the main differences between these mushrooms is their very bright, even rather acidic, color. The colors of the coloring are varied, and according to this color they are given names, for example: white-violet webwort, red-scaled webwort, blue-stemmed webwort, watery-blue webwort, purple webwort, and so on on the list.

The mushroom took its name from another of its features: young fruiting bodies have a veil-like film at the junction of the cap and stem of the mushroom. When the mushroom grows, this film will stretch and tear into separate threads that will resemble a cobweb. When they become old, this feature often disappears, or remains in the form of a ring on the stem.

It is worth emphasizing once again the danger and insidiousness of these mushrooms; often their poison does not act immediately, but sometimes even after two weeks, which makes it difficult to diagnose poisoning and complicates the task of doctors. The cobweb is often disguised as other mushrooms, such as russula and valui. Remember that honey mushrooms do not grow on the ground, it will most likely be a spider plant.

Let's talk a little about distinctive features of these mushrooms and we will show you photos so that you stay away from such forest inhabitants.

Yellow cobweb

• Hat: Its diameter varies within 10 centimeters; in young representatives of the species it is hemispherical, later in the process of aging it becomes cushion-shaped. They often remain with traces of the “web” throughout their entire life.
• Color: Yellow-orange in the center, often darker than at the edges.
• Pulp: Thick, soft to the touch, white in color, with a yellowish tint.
• Plates: They usually look thin and weakly expressed, the color of the plates in young spider web mushrooms is light cream as the mushroom ages, the color of the plates also changes, it becomes darker and duller.
• Leg: About 12 centimeters high, sometimes a little higher, about 2.5 centimeters thick. It has a characteristic thickening at the bottom, but as the mushroom ages, this feature disappears.
• Can it be eaten?: Most Western experts and books consider these mushrooms to be inedible, but domestic experts insist that this is a very tasty mushroom and can be safely consumed.

Gossamer violet

• Hat: about 14 centimeters in diameter, has a convex shape.
• Color: very bright, acid purple.
• Pulp: At first it has a blue tint, but as the mushroom matures and ages, it becomes white.
• Plates: Have purple, even rather a darker shade, they are rare and wide.
• Leg: About 14 centimeters high, about 2 centimeters thick.
• Edibility: the mushroom is very rare, so not only can it not be eaten, it cannot even be picked, it is listed in the Red Book.

Orange cobweb:

• Cap: About eight centimeters in diameter, its surface is wavy, always wet, and after rain sticky mucus appears on it.
• Color : Light brown, in summer time, when the sun is quite intense, the cap turns simply yellow.
• Plates: Brown, wide and frequent, brown.
• Leg: It has a round shape, widens towards the bottom and has the appearance of a tuber. Its height reaches ten centimeters, its diameter is one and a half centimeters.
• Edibility: Orange cobwebs are classified as conditionally edible mushrooms; they must first be boiled and then fried.

Purple cobweb:

• Hat: It has a diameter of about fifteen centimeters, a convex shape, over time it becomes wider, the structure is fibrous, and has an adhesive surface.
• Color: Red-brown, sometimes also has an olive-brown tint.
• Plates: They grow to the stalk with a special tooth. Color changes with age, in at a young age it is purple, becoming yellow-brown over time.
• Leg: Dense, its color is purple.
• Pulp: has a bluish tint, after you break it off it turns purple at the break point.
• Crimson cobweb can be found in coniferous forests and deciduous forests; it belongs to the category of conditionally edible mushrooms; they are consumed in both fresh and pickled mushrooms.

Cobweb spider brilliant:

• Cap: its diameter is about ten centimeters, has a bulge, and has a characteristic slimy, sticky surface when it rains.
• Pulp: thick, has a loose structure, its color is pale yellow.
• Plates: the mushroom has wide plates, yellow in color, over time they change their color towards a rusty hue.
• Leg: it is about ten centimeters long, a little more than one and a half centimeters thick. Towards the bottom there is a thickening in the form of a tuber.
• The common spider web is shiny, mainly in forests where there are many coniferous trees, it can be eaten.

Bracelet web:

This type of mushroom is often confused with safer and tastier mushrooms. It is often confused with mushrooms such as topi, goat mushroom, and moss mushroom. This often has bad consequences; of course, the mushroom does not belong to the category of inedible, much less to the category of poisonous, but it can also be classified as edible very conditionally. It is very tasteless and hard on the body. Besides his beautiful appearance, he is no longer distinguished by anything good.

• Cap: Often of very varied sizes, from eight to twenty centimeters, it all depends on the circumstances under which this mushroom grew.
• Color: binary, from light to dark, it is light in the center, becoming darker than brick color towards the edge, or ocher - yellow.
• Plates: sparse and with wide sections, the edge is distinctly wavy.
• To do bracelet web spider Edible, it needs to be boiled for a very long time, and at the same time drain the boiled water and squeeze out the mushrooms; it is eaten only fresh; it is not suitable for preparation.

Variable cobweb:

• Hat: yellow gloss color, its size reaches eight centimeters in diameter, early age as you can see in the photo above, the cap has the shape of a hemisphere, after becomes flatter for some time.
• Leg: white, its length reaches ten centimeters, its average thickness is quite impressive and exceeds two centimeters.
• Plates: when young, the mushroom has a lilac tint, but with age they become pale and acquire a brown tint.
• Edibility: It is classified as conditionally edible; it is eaten fresh and also pickled.

The web spider is excellent:

• Hat: its diameter reaches impressive sizes, up to twenty centimeters. It has a dense, fleshy structure; in young individuals the cap has the shape of a hemisphere, becoming flatter with age.
• Color: This mushroom is distinguished by the variable color of the cap; at a young age it is purple, closer to a dark shade, later it acquires a chestnut hue, the edge has a purple rim.
• Leg: the tall one reaches fifteen centimeters, has a dense structure, at the end there is a tuber, weakly expressed. The leg is bluish-violet in color.
• Edibility: The spider web is excellent, eaten in all forms, but it is best obtained in pickled form. This type of mushroom is comparable to porcini mushrooms in terms of safety. BUT YOU SHOULD BE COLLECTING THIS MUSHROOM WITH Especial CARE, BECAUSE IT HAS A LOT OF APPEARINGLY SIMILAR DOUBLES, WHICH ARE OFTEN VERY DANGEROUS, AND THEIR CONSUMPTION CAN RESULT IN FATALITY. THEREFORE THIS MUSHROOM IS COLLECTED ONLY BY EXPERIENCED MUSHROOMS PICKERS.

Cobweb brown photo:

Conditionally edible mushroom, consumed fresh.

Cobweb smeared photo:

It is boiled for at least half an hour before heating.

Gossamer webwort:

It needs to be boiled, then the broth is drained, then the mushroom is salted or pickled.

Scaly cobweb:

A little-known edible mushroom, it is consumed fresh.

As you can see spider web mushrooms a lot, many of them are conditionally edible, some are even quite suitable for cooking, but remember that more types, poisonous and inedible, therefore we categorically do not recommend collecting such mushrooms for beginners. We hope our article, photo and description of the spider web mushroom, will help you recognize this mushroom on a quiet hunt, admire it, take a photo and pass by, because your health is priceless, with this we say goodbye to you, we wish you success and good health, the site was with you.

Spider web mushrooms are not yet so popular among mushroom pickers. However, some varieties have fleshy and tasty pulp, and some poisonous species are used as medicine.

What does the spider web mushroom look like and where does it grow?

The name cobweb refers to a genus of mushrooms of the same family. Among mushroom pickers, the popular name “marshland” is quite common, which reflects the characteristics of the growth of the fungus. The mushroom received its main name due to the fact that at the junction of the stem and cap it has a kind of cobweb, which practically disappears as it grows. Cobwebs grow mainly in deciduous or mixed forests, but certainly on very wet soil: both next to a swamp and in lowlands and ravines.

These mushrooms are distributed almost everywhere in the temperate climate zone of our country - from the European part and the Urals to Siberia and the Far East. They can be found less often in the taiga, since most varieties do not like too shaded places.

Interesting, that in appearance different types of spider webs differ quite strongly, and novice mushroom pickers can mistake them for completely different families. There are fruiting bodies of both classical shapes and mushrooms with spherical and conical caps. The surface can be either dry or slimy, with a smooth or scaly texture. The color of the caps is also quite varied: yellow, orange, brown-red, burgundy and even white-violet.

Cobwebs also grow singly, but more often in families of 10 to 30 pieces. They should be looked for in the lowlands, and are collected mainly at the end of summer and until the onset of the first autumn frosts (late October in the European part of the country and the second half of September in Siberia).

Photo gallery

Nutritional value and taste of spider webs

Some types of cobwebs belong to. In terms of aroma, they are inferior to the classic representatives - white and many others, since they are practically odorless. Nevertheless, The taste of these representatives is quite pronounced. And if you consider that many varieties are large in size (15-17 cm in cap diameter and up to 10 cm in stem height), mushroom pickers readily collect them for cooking and preservation.

In addition, the spider web, like many other mushrooms, mainly consists of water, and 100 g of live weight provides no more than 30 kcal.

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Some types of spider webs, which have red and orange shades, are still used to prepare the corresponding dyes.

Where cobwebs grow (video)

Is the spider web mushroom edible?

Different types of spider webs are classified as edible and inedible mushrooms. At the same time, the most valuable from the point of view taste qualities 3 types are considered:

• triumphal;
• bracelet;
• excellent.

Classification different types depending on their edibility is given in the table.

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Antibiotics are extracted from them, so they are used as medicine, which has antibacterial and antiseptic effects.

Description of spider web species

The Cobweb family includes several dozen species of mushrooms, and most of them grow in Russia. The most common ones are discussed below.

This representative is also called triumphant. It forms fairly large fruiting bodies with a cap diameter of up to 12 cm. Moreover, in young representatives it resembles a sphere and then becomes flat. Color ranges from yellow to brown tones.

The pulp of this species does not have a special odor and dries quite quickly when broken.. On the other hand, this is the most popular member of the family among mushroom pickers, since its taste allows it to be used as the basis for first and second courses, as well as for pickling and pickling.

This representative is also called red. It has a classic shape - a spherical cap of orange, ruddy and reddish shades (about 10 cm in diameter). The leg is white, fleshy, and can grow to a considerable height (up to 20 cm).

The mushroom is completely edible, and besides, it has an undeniable advantage - it is not like closely related poisonous or deadly representatives. However, it is not popular enough among mushroom pickers. Interestingly, it grows only under birch trees.

This is a rather rare species, which is mainly found in Central Europe, A in Russia it is distributed only in the forests of Bashkiria. Almost always growing large families, so mushroom pickers immediately harvest large crops.

In appearance, it resembles real mushrooms from postcards: a large cap in the form of a hemisphere with rich brown, brown and burgundy shades, as well as a glossy surface (15-20 cm in diameter). The legs grow up to 14 cm in height, dense, fleshy, white.

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In the Cobweb family, this species is considered the most valuable in terms of taste. However, it is extremely rare, so in most European countries it is listed in the local Red Books.

White-violet

This is a conditionally edible representative that does not have any particular taste value, but nevertheless, it can be eaten without fear for health. The sizes are not very large– the diameter of the cap is within 8 cm, the height of the stem is up to 10 cm. The color is quite atypical: from white to lilac and dirty shades. It mainly grows in groups of up to 10 mushrooms and is found mainly in birch and oak forests.

NOTE

This variety is similar to the inedible goat's web. The pale purple appearance is characterized by unpleasant smell and a thinner, higher leg.

Scarlet

This species is also classified as conditionally edible. It has a light brown, rather large cap (up to 15 cm), which is practically fused with a thick (1-1.5 cm in girth) stem. Interestingly, the pulp has a light blue tint when cut, but quickly turns red when exposed to air.

And one more interesting feature - despite the fact that the pulp of this variety has a fairly strong aroma (unlike most other types), it has a neutral taste, so This species is not particularly popular among mushroom pickers.

Red-olive

Inedible species, the use of which can cause poisoning. The cap is up to 10-12 cm in diameter, the surface is mucous to the touch, and spherical in shape.

The color of the leg is interesting - if it is purple on top, then in the lower half it acquires red shades. The taste of the pulp is extremely bitter, and when cut it has olive and purple shades, This is how the species got its name.

Brilliant

Poisonous representative the use of which is dangerous to health. It looks very beautiful - it has brown caps with a shiny surface. However, the pulp, even in heat-treated form, cries out severe poisoning, and in large doses can lead to fatal outcome.

The most special

This is the most dangerous representative, the use of which is strictly prohibited even in small quantities. The color is light, cream and yellowish. Interesting feature– the pulp smells like radishes or raw potatoes. The cap reaches a diameter of 12 cm, the stem is up to 10 cm in height.

In terms of toxicity, this mushroom is almost identical to, however, it is quite easy to identify by its appearance. In addition, none of the edible representatives of the Pautinnikov family and other families are similar to this species.

Features of the triumphal webweed (video)