How to identify a lie and understand that you are lying. How to identify lies in communication: different approaches and useful literature

Spring is the time for new acquaintances. But how to learn to understand people and understand if they are lying? Scientists have identified a pattern: the more familiar to specific person lie, the more difficult it is to determine his falsity. But nevertheless, facial expressions of lies and certain gestures of lies exist and we need to know them. This requires experience in dealing with people and high degree observation. If, for example, a person experiences internal awkwardness, because deception is unusual for him, then his insincerity can be recognized by very many signs of a lie.

Facial expressions of lies

1. When giving false information, a person experiences excitement to one degree or another, which can be caught in his voice, look, and movements. You can notice changes in speech, in movements and in human behavior. For example, when studying the facial expressions of a lie and its characteristic gestures, it makes sense to pay attention to the following voice and speech parameters.

2. At the time of the announcement of false information, a person’s intonation involuntarily changes, acceleration or deceleration, or stretching of speech occurs. The voice may tremble. The timbre of the voice also changes, a sudden hoarseness may appear or, conversely, high notes may slip through. Some people start to stutter.

3. Also, a shifty look with the facial expressions of a lie is unequivocally interpreted as a possible sign of a person’s insincerity. Of course, it can mean shyness, confusion, and something like that, but in any case, this is a clear sign that the reliability of the information received makes sense to question. After all, when a person is ashamed, embarrassed by his lie, he almost always looks away. However, a closer look at the interlocutor also allows you to recognize a lie by facial expressions. A gaze in the facial expressions of a lie is nothing more than control over the reaction of the listener. How does he perceive false information, believe or doubt?

4. In order to recognize a lie with the help of facial expressions of a lie, it makes sense to pay attention to a person’s smile. Many people have a slight smile on their face when reporting false information. Of course, this does not apply to cheerful people who are always smiling and this is their communication style. But it is precisely an inappropriate smile that should alert. Often it is a grin that allows a person to hide the inner excitement when he utters a lie.

How to recognize a lie by facial expressions

5. A careful look at the interlocutor often helps to recognize lies by facial expressions. Liars are characterized by such a phenomenon as microtension of the facial muscles. Sometimes they also say: "A shadow ran across the face." The tense facial expression lasts literally a split second, although sometimes it happens that the opponent is telling a lie with a "stone face". American researcher Robert Bannet believes that instant facial muscle tension is an accurate indicator of insincerity.

6. Another indicator of facial expressions of a lie, which also allows you to recognize it, is an involuntary reaction of the skin and other parts of the face that a person is not able to control. This may be a change in the color of the skin (a person turns red or pale), dilated pupils, twitching of the lips, frequent blinking of the eyes. There may be other individual manifestations of emotions that accompany deception, while helping the interlocutor to recognize lies by facial expressions.

Lie gestures

7. Gestures of lies are also capable of sowing doubts about the plausibility of the information given. According to the theory of the American researcher Alan Pease, attempts to mislead the interlocutor are often accompanied by the following lying gestures:

touching the face with hands;

covering the mouth;

nose touch;

eye rubbing;

collar pull.

8. But, of course, gestures cannot be the criteria of a lie in and of themselves, they cannot be considered separately. For evaluation, it is necessary to compare facial expressions and gestures of lies, to analyze many other factors and accompanying circumstances.

How to recognize lies by gestures

9. If you want to know how to recognize lies by gestures and facial expressions, then it is important to remember that each reaction is not an indicator in itself, it must be compared with other reactions. But it is even more important to have an idea about the so-called background state of a particular person. What are his voice, intonation, facial expressions, look, gestures in the usual state?

10. As a rule, people who communicate a lot, soberly assess events and situations, are always attentive to others and willy-nilly capture the smallest details in the behavior of other people are able to accurately recognize lies by gestures. It is the great communicative experience and the ability to analyze and compare details that help to recognize lies by facial expressions and gestures and correctly assess the reliability of the information received.

Despite the fact that lies are found everywhere in life, there is a list of gestures that help to recognize them. This, in turn, is used to reveal the truth, and to find out the main nuances of the case that the person wanted to hide.

The easiest way to recognize a person who is telling a lie is video. It perfectly visible facial expressions, which are characteristic of a liar.

• When telling information that is a lie in advance, a person constantly experiences excitement. It is easily caught in the sound of a voice, a shifting glance, abrupt change movements. When a lie is announced, a person abruptly begins to involuntarily change intonation. There is a sharp acceleration in the voice or, conversely, a smooth slowdown in the conversation and stretching.
• If a person is very worried about the information that he conveys, the voice of the interlocutor will tremble. At the same time, changes in combination with other signs affect the timbre and volume of the voice, hoarseness appears, or a person pronounces words in high notes.
• Another sign by which it is easy to determine that they are lying to you is the appearance of a shifty glance. Such behavior is interpreted as a natural sign of a manifestation of insincerity of a person. True, if you are interviewing a candidate or caught people in an awkward situation, then a shifty look means shyness and even a kind of anxiety. If this happens when discussing a personal issue, the reliability of the information provided by people should still be checked and treated with doubt. This behavior is primarily associated with a state of shame, as it becomes embarrassing for the uttered lie.
• Experts on public service it is easy to determine whether a person is lying or not by his smile. When people reproduce false information, a smile may involuntarily appear on their faces. There are also cheerful people for whom such a demeanor is the norm, but for the rest, an inappropriate smile expresses a lie in relation to the question asked. This is explained by the fact that, thanks to a slight smile, a person manages to internally hide his excitement and pronounce a lie much more believably.

Mimicry that indicates a lie

In addition to external excitement and a shifty look, you can determine a lie with the help of signs on the face. If you take a close look at the interlocutor, then pay attention to the microtension along the contour of the facial muscles. On this occasion, they say about a lying person that “a shadow ran across his face”. Such tension on the face lasts literally 1-2 seconds. Experts note that the manifestation of instant tension in the facial muscles is an accurate indicator of insincerity.

Of the other indicators in the facial expressions of a lie that recognize lies, is the appearance of an involuntary reaction on the skin and other parts of the face of the interlocutor. This refers to the change in color shade of the skin (the interlocutor will turn red or turn pale), the pupils dilate, the lips tremble, there is a frequent blinking of both eyes. However, the change in color and facial expressions do not end with the factors for determining lies. great value to determine that the interlocutor uttered a lie, have gestures.

What human gestures cannot be trusted

American researchers have a large number of experiments, during which they were able to identify those gestures that indicate a lie. The main ones are:

• involuntary touching of the face with a hand;
• covering the mouth with hands;
• constant rubbing or any other touching of the nose;
• gestures in the eye area (rubbing, touching the eyelids);
• periodic pulling of the collar of a shirt or sweater.

By gestures, you will understand at which point in the conversation they will lie to you. In principle, a person can show both lies and his uncertainty with gestures. In this case, an example is a regular interview. When announcing duties, a person is often simply not sure that he will fulfill all the duties assigned to him. However, in other cases, involuntary gestures should be trusted and clarified what the person is hiding from you.

One of the main points is the understanding that gestures and facial expressions should be trusted only if their manifestations are systemic. To put it simply, gestures will never become a specific criterion for determining lies. For a full assessment, experts record a person on video and compare facial expressions and gestures.

How to stimulate the expression of facial expressions and gestures during a lie

If the interlocutor introduces himself as calm person and on the face it is impossible to read whether he is trying to lie or not, you need to bring the interlocutor out of balance.

• First of all, this is easy to do with the help of leading questions. At the same time, questions should be asked in such a way that, in the case of an honest person, he did not recognize the trick, and the liar, on the contrary, had the feeling that he was caught, and you already know all the information.
• During a conversation, ask the interlocutor for advice for a friend who finds himself in an awkward situation in which the person opposite is suspected. If you have a sincere interlocutor in front of you, then he will give advice, as he thinks, and it will not be possible to recognize changes in gestures and facial expressions on him. If the interlocutor decided to deceive, he will begin to awkwardly joke and get nervous.
• In addition, another technique is to tell a person that you can and masterfully master the tools for recognizing lies by gestures and facial expressions. Then the person will be afraid of being exposed, and will show just the signs of a liar - he will periodically look to the sides, fiddle with his tie or collar, erect obstacles from objects on the table between you.

How to recognize a lie

To recognize whether the interlocutor actually lied or not, the following reaction will help you:

• Change in expression of emotions and slowing down of reaction. Speech can start incoherently and end abruptly.
• There is little time between the spoken words and the accompanying emotion. A person who speaks to you in a sincere tone immediately shows an emotional coloring along with the spoken words.
• If the expression on the face of the interlocutor does not agree with what has just been said, he is lying.
• In the case when, when expressing emotions on a person’s face, only a slight smile appears or only facial muscles are involved, it means that he is hiding something from you.
• When a person tells a lie, he seems to be physically trying to "shrink". This is accompanied by an attempt to take up as little space as possible in the chair, with one movement to press your hands to yourself and take an uncomfortable position for sitting.
• The interlocutor avoids meeting your eyes.
• Constantly touches or scratches their ears, eyes, or nose.
• Periodically turns away from you, while tilting both his head and the entire body. This symbolizes the unpleasant course of the conversation for the interlocutor on given topic.
• When talking, he unconsciously places objects between himself and you: a napkin, a vase, wine glasses, a chair. Thus, a person creates a kind of "protective barrier" around him.
• During the answer to the specified question, he uses only those words that he heard from the question itself.
• Gives much more detail and answers the question far more extensively than is generally required. Thus, he tries to better mask the thoughtful lie with other facts that supposedly will divert the interlocutor's attention.

Knowing the list of changes in the behavior and facial expressions of people indicated in the article, you can accurately determine whether they are telling you a lie or not.

If you believe the statistics - women can lie from 50 times a day, while men - at least 70! With such numbers, you involuntarily begin to think about how to recognize lies on your own and not succumb to cunning verbal tricks. Sometimes it can be quite difficult, but there are a few secrets that will help you to distinguish for sure. real facts from fictional ones.

If you suspect a person of lying, the first thing to do is to disengage from him. Less delve into the words of your interlocutor, concentrate on his facial expressions and such indirect details as hand gestures, eye movements, smile symmetry.

Non-verbal signs

Telling a lie is actually always unpleasant and it is a big stress for the body. A person is forced to experience discomfort, is afraid of exposure, which cannot but be reflected in his face and facial expressions. The truth can be traced by the gestures of a person, even before he has time to figure out and correct them. The larger the lie and its consequences can affect a person’s life and relationships, the more difficult it is to control oneself and hide visible signs of excitement. Knowing this, even an experienced liar can be brought to light.

Watch Behavior

To relax the person's vigilance, start with a couple of casual questions. Ask his opinion about the weather, exchange rates, find out what films he prefers and where he rested during his last vacation. Then casually throw him a trick question on a topic that interests you.

For example, if a person introduced himself to you as the head of a large firm, you can ask him: “It must be hard to be on leadership position? Can you tell me how the workflow is going on? If your interlocutor tensed up, changed in face and behavior - most likely, he is nervous, and deliberately lied about his position.

trick questions

For example, “My friend is dating a girl but is also dating other women. Can you tell me how I should react to this behavior of his? Any man will be happy to express his point of view; but the one who lied to you will regard this as a provocation and a sign that he was caught. Instead of good advice he will laugh it off and be visibly nervous.

Lie detector

Another sign is that the opponent begins to put objects between you (glasses, a napkin, a phone, an ashtray), as if building a barrier to hide from your exposure.

Explore the details

Start a light conversation and casually ask where they rested with their friends, who was there, what they took from food and drinks. If the story was made up, then he will have to come up with answers to your endless questions right away, and this will lead him into confusion. You can easily notice this by the non-verbal signs of a lie already listed above, as well as short pauses and attempts to quickly think and come up with the right answer.

If the story from the lips of a man flows easily and is full of details and numerous details, the more likely he is speaking sincerely (“We spilled champagne on the costumes, it’s good that it wasn’t very noticeable on the dark fabric”).

Clear chronology

Catch the interlocutor off guard by asking about minor trifles. Answering questions, he will try to recreate the picture in the same sequence. If the story of a man is true, he will easily jump from one detail to another, unexpectedly returning either to the end or to the beginning of the story.

Your interlocutor may also openly admit that he does not know or does not remember something - this is another evidence in favor of his honesty. While a liar is unlikely to have gaps in his memories: his testimony is always clearly thought out and logically built.

Emotional details

Change the subject

Show distrust

Of course, one cannot definitely judge a person and his sincerity by just a few signs and gestures; especially in the absence of experience, there is a high probability of making a mistake and undeservedly slandering the interlocutor. Try not to aim to catch your opponent in a lie, but observe him with an open mind and notice the details. As you gain more experience in dealing with people, you will be better able to learn how to recognize lies.

All people are different. The way of perceiving the world, thinking, reacting to this or that event is different for all people. Lying belongs to one of these manifestations and is also expressed in different ways.

It is believed that there is no common set of gestures, but if there was, we would be able to determine who is lying to us. The most actual lie is reflected when he (the person) provokes emotions.

The body reflects these emotions in its language. However, in order to be sure that you are being lied to, you need to perceive a set of gestures, facial expressions, and speech. To lie to high level, increased self-control is needed, which means tension.

The truth is somewhere to the left

A person may be overtly or covertly tense. To determine this, carefully look at the left side of the person. From the point of view of neurophysiology, the control of the left half is less strong than that of the right. The brain, with its left and right hemispheres, controls the sides of the body in different ways.

• Speech, mind, the ability to do mathematics are the domain of the left hemisphere.
• imagination, emotion, abstract thinking- a matter of the right hemisphere.
• Management takes place as a whole in the form of crossing. The left hemisphere is the right side of the body, and the right hemisphere is the left.

For example, we communicate with a right-handed person. During the conversation, he gesticulates vigorously, using left hand. It is very likely that you are a liar. This is most pronounced if right hand almost does not participate in the case. If such a mismatch is observed, the person is definitely not sincere. If the same disorder is observed in the face, i.e. the left or right half is more active, perhaps also a lie. Pay special attention to the left side.

Lies are annoying

If you notice that your interlocutor turned pale or, on the contrary, turned pink during communication, and there is also a slight twitching of facial muscles, as well as eyelids or eyebrows, they may also lie to you.

If you see that the interlocutor closes his eyes, often squints or blinks, then he is aging unconsciously to abstract from the topic of conversation. The comfort or lack thereof of the interlocutor can be judged by the pupils. Usually, as a result of various discontent, they narrow.

The pupil reacts to pleasure by expansion. If your eyes are averted, it is not necessarily a liar in front of you. But if they look you straight in the eye, too persistently, this is already a sign of insincerity.

Lies at the tip of the nose

The interesting thing is that your own nose can give you away with giblets. If you see how, while communicating with you, a person twitches the tip of his nose or takes it to the side, you should think about the sincerity of the words of the interlocutor. If in communication with you, someone inflates their nostrils, you should think about the fact that they don’t really believe you.

It's funny, but it is the nose that is especially sensitive to lies. It can itch, change in size (the so-called "Pinocchio effect"). All this is scientifically proven, since lying causes blood pressure to rise, which in turn affects the nasal mucosa to produce the hormone catecholamine.

Hands ... washed?

If, when communicating with you, the interlocutor tries to put his hands in his pocket or close his palms, you can with a certain degree of confidence assume that he is hiding something. This feature is most pronounced in children.

The feature of hiding the palms or keeping them open can be used against you even in the normal market. An experienced seller sees how your palms are located when you refuse a purchase, and can understand how much you really need it. If you cover your mouth with your hand, then here we see a desire not to blurt out too much. This may be evidenced by the tension of the muscles of the mouth, as well as biting the lips.

Posture is very important in determining a person's honesty. Let's say you observe a person in a tense or uncomfortable position. He can constantly crawl, trying to get comfortable. This says that the topic of conversation is annoying him, he may not agree with it. Liars can lean, cross their legs. Usually, if a person is truthful, then his posture is relaxed and comfortable.

Everybody lies

Have you met in colloquial practice a phrase like “to be honest” and the continuation after it? It is better to look at the person at the moment of its pronunciation. When certain patterns are repeated, it is worth considering the honesty of the speaker. For example, phrases such as:

• You have to believe me...
• I'm telling the truth, believe me...
• Can I cheat? Never!
• I am completely honest with you!

Often it doesn't even matter what the person says. What matters is how he does it. The timbre of the voice, its rhythm, if it suddenly changes, may indicate insincerity or lies. If the interlocutor hesitates or finds it difficult to pronounce the next phrase, beware.

Usually, gesticulation allows you to convey to the interlocutor a more enhanced version of what we said. As a rule, the pace of such gestures and speech are in line. If you see a discrepancy between one and the other, it is worth considering. So what a person thinks is not necessarily what he says.

Suppose you want to convict a person of deceit. To do this, you need to take some steps. You need to get into the same rhythm with him, adjust, so it will be more difficult for him to lie to you. There is no need to accuse a person of lying on the forehead. It is best to pretend that you did not hear the words, let him repeat himself. This will give you a better chance of being truthful.

Direct questions are best. Facial expressions, gestures directed at the interlocutor will force him to respond accordingly. And a few more facts about lies. Typically, about 37 percent of the time, people lie on the phone. 27 percent go to personal conversations, 21 percent to the Internet, and about 14 percent of lies in e-mails.

If a person is more sociable, most likely he is also lying more. Regardless of gender, people lie about equally often. However, the essence of lies is different. Women lie trying to relax the interlocutor, and men use lies for self-affirmation. A person is not born a liar, but acquires this ability only by three or four years from birth.

Psychology, theory of insincerity of lies

All people lie every day

Just don't deny it. We all lie in order to benefit, "to get away with it." Time " for the benefit of» people who are dear to us and are not indifferent. And who came up with this lie? Indeed, without it, it is much better, and life is somehow bright in those moments when there is not a second of lies in it. Is it possible to make life bright and very truthful? Rhetorical question….

How to recognize lies by gestures?

I wonder if we will stop lying when we know that our lies can be exposed? Recognition of a lie is extremely important for those people whose profession is connected with the purchase - sale, the underworld .... What is there to say? Are there people who enjoy being lied to? It is especially insulting if the one you trust so much deceives. After you experience a lie on yourself, you don’t want to trust someone and rely on someone at all. Every time we make a promise to ourselves not to trust anyone else, we, of course, break it, because not believing is just as impossible as not deceiving.

In order not to “burn yourself” once again and be prepared in advance for a lie, there is various methods and ways that “warn” us about it. The main thing so that you can " catch"the moment of true lies and accept it, ignoring, subsequently, everything that the interlocutor will say after.

Sign Language - Lie

I will tell you the secrets of the psychology of gestures, you can determine whether a person is lying. That's what a man does who wants to lie:

1. P touches the earlobes, rubbing and scratching them. Suppose your young man tells you that he was on a business trip without leaving his ear alone. Perhaps his business trip was somewhat different.
2. P scratches the nose. This gesture should be treated with caution, as the nose can often itch and just like that.
3. strange unnatural smile. You've probably seen this smile more than once. It seems that a person “squeezes” a smile out of himself, like toothpaste from a tube.
4. D holding on to something standing next to(chair, doorknob, handbag). Girls, if your young man is holding on to a bouquet of flowers, this does not count.
5. T rips hair. Is it really possible to “confuse” lies in hair? However, if your interlocutor torments his hair, in this way, perhaps he wants to hide the truth.
6. When a woman lies, she usually begins to carefully put herself in order, diligently paint her lips, comb her hair (sharply and quickly).
7. A person who hides the truth either lowers his eyes, avoiding a collision of his gaze with the gaze of the interlocutor, or, conversely, “glares” his eyes into the eyes of the opposite, trying to “absorb” invented sincerity into them.
8. D holds a hand near the mouth, as if trying to cover it, or the hand is in the throat area. Maybe there's just nowhere else to put your hand? In fact, such a gesture is a “signal” to lie.
9. The human body is like leaves" back. This can be noticed when a person, suddenly, during a conversation, leans back (as during a trip in transport).
10. P bites lips or nails. Remember how once, your neighbor, visiting you, drinking tea, bit all her “manicured” nails when she told that she met a celebrity.
11. You observe a knee tremor in the interlocutor, which he tries to restrain, but in vain: trembling is strangely indefatigable.
12. H the person you are talking to adjusts the laces or collar. Yes, this can be observed, in our time, often.
13. The interlocutor put his hands in the inguinal region (not on purpose, of course, but somehow by accident, unconsciously).
14. The one with whom you communicate very often changes posture. You may get the impression that you have an uncomfortable sofa or chair.
15. He pretends to put things in order. If you think logically, then everything becomes clear: a person trying to hide a lie behind your actions.
16. Coughs often. Apparently, something dissuades him from lying, not allowing him to say a word.
17. P ri smoking, very often delayed. So the cigarette turned out to be a good "detective".
18. P barks his hands (hides them wherever possible).
19. A person takes a small step back or moves from foot to foot. This may resemble a situation when a person is cold and trying to somehow warm up.
20. If the interlocutor crosses legs and arms- he fences himself off from you so that it is easier to deceive.
21. The head is tilted back or down - this is a huge desire to hide from you.
22. Man, during the deception, holds his breath.
23. The interlocutor sits with closed or half-closed eyes - he is overcome by a huge sense of guilt. The main thing, do not confuse the “closedness” of the eyes with the fact that the person is simply tired and wants to sleep so much that he cannot keep his eyes open.
24. To When a person lies, he first speaks more quietly, then, unexpectedly for himself and others, they begin to speak very loudly.

If your interlocutor, during a conversation, suddenly, looks to the left or right, this does not mean that he is lying to you. When he looks to the right side, some kind of picture “spins” in his imagination. If to the left, he sorts through, in memory, memories.

Man is so made that it is very difficult for him to tell a lie without gestures. And he doesn't know how to lie either. There are those people who re-read a bunch of literature in order to learn not to let deception into their lives (at least from their side). However, unfortunately, it is impossible not to lie. Yes, conscience hurts. Even insomnia often creeps up. But they will not be able to "dissuade" people from lying.

People find excuses like “I lied one less lie today.” Well, you have to start somewhere. Better - less lies than usual.

What to do with lies "for the sake of good"?

And you can’t do anything with her: she will stay with you, not leaving you. lie - how bad habit. And then, when it “appears” during a “necessary situation” that requires you to lie, you can’t run away from it at all.

Pay attention to gestures, but you don’t need to get hung up on this, otherwise it will turn into an ordinary obsession.