Children of Sergo Beria biography. Gorky's granddaughter and Beria's daughter-in-law

Until now, Beria is one of the most mysterious historical figures of the Stalin era: some attribute devilish features to his image, others consider him innocent victim circumstances. After the execution of Beria, members of his family - wife Nina Gegechkori and son Sergo Gegechkori - were arrested ...

Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria was born on March 17, 1899, in a peasant family, in the Georgian village of Merkheuli. From childhood, the future statesman had great vanity. For general rural money as best student he was sent to the Sukhumi elementary school. Peers and teachers said that student Beria had an unsurpassed talent for intrigue, others called him a detective.

Beria was married to Nina Teimurazovna Gegechkori (1905-1991), daughter of Dariko Chikovani. She was the niece of the Bolshevik Sasha Gegechkori and the cousin of the Menshevik and Freemason E. Gegechkori, who headed the government of Georgia in 1920. Beria's children: son Sergo (b. 1924; rocket physicist, currently lives under his mother's surname in Kyiv, was married to the granddaughter of A.M. Gorky M. Peshkova; children - Nina, Nadya, Sergey) and daughter (married to V Grishin, former first secretary of the Moscow City Party Committee).

After Beria's arrest, his wife and son were arrested (they were imprisoned until the end of 1954). Beria's mother was evicted from Tbilisi in July 1954 to the Gulripsh district of the Abkhaz ASSR. The repeatedly mentioned mansion in Moscow (“Beria’s Palace”) on Malaya Nikitskaya Street (in Soviet time- Kachalova street), house 28, now occupies the Tunisian embassy.

I got the impression that Beria's success in creating atomic bomb and reliable guarantees of the security of the Soviet Union created the basis, the "hothouse" basis, for the advancement of the "leaders" of the Khrushchev type. There were no external enemies, the economy and ideology inside the country worked well by inertia. Beria was sure that he would not be touched, because the country needed him. But everything was fine in the country without him. It was possible to engage in intrigue.

... if a certain state mind is still reluctantly recognized for Stalin, and some “subversers” are still ready to recognize his actions and decisions as sensible, then L.P. Beria is still in mass consciousness appears as the personification of all vices and the author of unthinkable atrocities, a figure downright demonic.

From the memoirs of Nami Mikoyan:

... I, a five-six-year-old girl, admired his courage when he swam far, far into the raging sea and when, in the strongest waves, he got into a kayak and took me with him, despite the pleas of women. Something, but he knew how to insist on his own. And we went into the distance, taking off on the waves. I did not experience fear in childhood, especially next to him.

On Sundays, Beria liked to gather fellow neighbors - and play volleyball! Having played enough, the men gathered at Beria's for tea, the windows were open, and their noisy voices, loud conversations could be heard from afar. All of them were shot in 1937. The father committed suicide. After the death of my father, I was brought up in the family of my uncle ...

And Beria was also fond of photography. At his dacha, where we often visited, he photographed me too.

Beria successfully used theater and cinema stars in foreign intelligence .

It seems that even the “sexual maniac” of Lavrenty Pavlovich worked for the glory of the Soviet Union. His interrogation documents state that about 700 of his mistresses were security and intelligence agents. It is impossible to check this, and most importantly, it is not necessary. There is a result - our Victory, in which Beria solved technical and intelligence problems very successfully.

Actually, for the first time I thought that the “villain Beria” could not lead the most successful in the history of world civilization military industry if he was a vulgar village bandit and a pervert when I watched the wonderful Russian TV series “ Legend of Olga“.

... A document has been preserved on which, on November 22, 1945, Beria writes: “ comrade Abakumov, what is proposed to be done in relation to Chekhova?“In response, counterintelligence takes care of food supplies for the Chekhova family, gasoline for her car, building materials for the repair of a new house, “on the protection of family members and armed escorts” on numerous trips. Olga was allowed to travel everywhere - to the American zone, to Austria, on tour, to shoot. She still worked hard, reaching her “pre-war norm” of seven films a year.

Apparently, it was no coincidence that Lavrenty Pavlovich “fed up” such a valuable shot. Beria, who hatched a plan for the unification of the two Germanys, "supposed to use her for negotiations with German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer." In this regard, on June 26, 1953, a meeting took place between Olga Chekhova and the head of the German foreign intelligence department, Zoya Rybkina-Voskresenskaya, a future writer.

Ironically, on the same day, Beria himself, who started this “operation”, was arrested, and after him the head of the 4th Directorate, Lieutenant-General Pavel Sudoplatov, “side by side” with whom Voskresenskaya worked for two decades, including and illegal.

Zoya Ivanovna stated at the party committee that they were family friends with Sudoplatov. She was quickly assigned to Vorkuta for a supernumerary post of senior lieutenant, and then fired. So, apparently, the meeting with Olga Chekhova had no “practical continuation”.

Information that Chekhova was a scout, in addition to V. Frischauer's article in People, is also available from other competent sources. In 1993, the oldest Chekist, Pavel Sudoplatov, called Olga Chekhova "one of the top-secret agents of Beria and Stalin." The same was said by Sergo Gegechkori (Beria) in his book “Father’s Personal Agents”, where he calls Chekhova “the most experienced Soviet intelligence officer”. According to some reports, it was Olga Chekhova who told our command the time of the German tank attack near Kursk.

Interestingly, Chekhova herself always categorically denied her involvement in the Soviet counterintelligence: “ I do not take these dubious reports seriously, because over the years of my life in the light of the footlight I have learned not to pay attention to gossip and gossip, but I “vaguely hinted” at some kind of “spy story”, which allowed the English magazine “People” to assert: Chekhova should have provide “NKVD agents with access to Hitler for the purpose of assassination, the group was already in Germany, but Stalin abandoned this project“. ..

Beria's sexual passion allowed him to perform miracles. The recruitment of Olga Chekhova was no accident! Lavrenty Pavlovich also recruited an Austrian movie star of Hungarian origin Marika Rökk.

From book Sergo Gegechkori « My father is Lavrenty Beria»:

- You The only son Lavrenty Pavlovich?
- In the family - the only one, but in general the father has a daughter. She was born much later, and she also had a rather difficult fate.
I received a very good education, in the sense that there were no restrictions on access to information. On the contrary, all my life my father made sure that I met with scientists, people who could bring something to my knowledge, and I considered it my duty to faithfully follow his instructions, so I did not have a carefree youth.
After this misfortune happened, I was arrested. I was released only after a year and a half and was exiled to Sverdlovsk.

My biography should be divided into two parts. In my youth, even before the misfortune (I mean the death of my father and everything that followed), I felt much more constrained than now. Our family had strict traditions, and I was brought up in such a way that from an early age I knew: this is possible, but this is not. I had to always look back at the position that my father held.

Sergo BERIA: "Marshal Zhukov suggested that my father make a military coup and shoot the entire party leadership. My father did not listen, and he was brutally killed right in the mansion without any trial or investigation"

Worked for Soviet Union and another famous actress, Hungarian by nationality, Marika Rokk.

If Olga Chekhova was a person close to the Hitler family, then Marika Rokk was her own person in the house of Goebbels, the Reich Minister of Propaganda. Magda Goebbels was a rather stern woman in everyday life, but famous actress sympathized. Goebbels himself treated his wife's friend with the same sympathy. However, Marika was not a special exception - the Reich Minister was generally fond of women. Hitler for a long time did not accept him, say, because of a love affair with a Czech movie star.

But be that as it may, Marika Rokk had access, without exaggeration, to the most valuable intelligence information, which went along the line of Soviet strategic intelligence to Moscow. When our units entered Germany, she moved to Austria, where she was helped to create a film company. Later, as far as I know, Marika Rokk left for Hungary.”

... Marika is an abbreviated name. Full name actresses - Maria Carolina. Her parents were Hungarians. She was born on November 3, 1913 in Cairo, and spent her childhood in Budapest. When Marika was eleven years old, she told her parents that she was ready to feed them and her older brother with her dances, which, slowly and with the approval of her mother, she had been doing for a long time. The girl's father, who always opposed this daughter's hobby, after watching her daughter dance, was forced to agree and even promised that from now on he would play the role of her impresario. And soon Marika already soloed with the Hungarian czardas - first in Paris, a little later in New York.

“At the age of eleven I danced in the variety show “Moulin Rouge” in Paris, at twelve I tried my hand at Broadway, became the favorite of the public of the Boulevard Ring in Budapest. In Vienna, for my role in The Ring Star, I was praised to the skies as a new luminary under the dome of the circus, ”wrote Marika Rekk in her autobiographical book Heart with Pepper, published in 1974.

… Last time after a long break, Marika Rekk decided to take the stage in 1992 in Budapest on the occasion of the 110th anniversary of the birth of Imre Kalman, triumphantly performing the role of Countess Maritza, which she happened to perform more than 700 times ... Marika Rekk died in May 2004 in Austria - from a heart attack

After Beria was taken into custody, his wife and son were arrested. They were behind bars until 1954, when they were sent into exile. According to Beria's wife, Nina Gegechkori, the investigators staged the execution of Sergo (son), but she did not tell anything about her husband, and when the volleys rang out, she fainted.

December 18, 1953. Beria was charged with espionage for Great Britain, in an effort to "eliminate the Soviet worker-peasant system, restore capitalism and restore the rule of the bourgeoisie." Trial lasted only five days, the sentence of Beria and his accomplices was pronounced on December 23, on the same day he was carried out. Some sources report that before the execution, Lavrenty Pavlovich confessed to "moral decay": according to the investigator, the defendant had an affair with 221 women.

Today, there are a lot of "blank spots" in the Beria case. Many people are trying to justify him in the eyes of society, but the image of Beria, as the devil of the Soviet era, has long been entrenched in the minds of the people. In 2000, Beria was denied rehabilitation.

They were very different, Sergo Beria and Marfa Peshkova, but at the same time they were related by origin, upbringing and the system that left an indelible imprint on their lives. The main component of their marriage was the most real feelings that could overcome any trials. But it didn't work out. Three children and joint experiences could not save their family. What could prevent them from living together all their lives?

Binding thread

Marfa Peshkova, the granddaughter of the famous Soviet writer Maxim Gorky, sat at the same desk with Svetlana Stalin, the daughter of Joseph Vissarionovich. The girls talked a lot, visited each other at home, were best friends. They were different, but it was this difference that united them.

Martha loved leisure playing sports, cycling. Svetlana, on the contrary, preferred quiet classes, she read a lot. They found common ground, all the time they opened something new to each other. But later, feelings for one young man became an insurmountable barrier between the girls.

Svetlana Stalin met Lavrenty Beria's son Sergo while on vacation in Gagra. And even then I felt sympathy for him. She was not accustomed to share her experiences even with the closest people, so no one knew about her feelings.

They were in the seventh grade when Marfa first saw Sergo at Stalin's dacha. He was handsome and charming, different good manners and was gallant towards girls, which made him the hero of the dreams of more than one young woman.

But even then Martha's heart did not tremble. She noted handsome boy but had no feelings for him. It all happened much later, after high school.

New family

Marfa could not even imagine that Sergo paid attention to her. On the day they met, he communicated only with Svetlana. When they happened to meet by chance in Moscow, they both only exchanged greetings.

In one of summer evenings When the girl had already graduated from school, he appeared at the dacha, where she lived in the summer with the Marfa family. He came not alone, but together with mutual friends. After that, he began to come to the girl already alone, invariably showing signs of attention to her.

Sergo was already studying at the Leningrad Academy of Communications, and Marfa went to see him in Leningrad. They went to the Hermitage together, went to Peterhof, walked a lot, realizing more and more how close they were to each other.

Young people wrote letters to each other, which at first ended up on the table of Lavrenty Pavlovich. He and his wife invariably opened them first and only then, having sealed them, passed them on to their son. True, they could not read a single word on their own. Sergo and Marfa, practicing their English, agreed to write to each other only in foreign language. The fact that the letters did not immediately get to her lover, Martha learned a few years later, when Nino Teimurazovna mentioned the disappointment that invariably overtook her when she could not read a single line from the letter of her son's beloved girlfriend.

However, she treated Sergo's choice very favorably, even invited Marfa to spend the night at their dacha when her husband was not there. Nino Gegechkori looked closely at her future daughter-in-law, and the girl met Lavrenty Beria on the very day when she officially became Sergo's wife.

Sergo's parents cordially accepted his son's wife into the family. We spent family evenings together with pleasure, later rejoiced at the appearance of grandchildren. Lavrenty Beria in the family was invariably gentle and caring, went for walks with his granddaughter, told many funny stories. Sergo and Martha were happy.

And the friendship between Marfa Peshkova and Svetlana Stalina was completely upset. Svetlana was already married, but she accused her friend of allowing herself to become the wife of a man whom Svetlana had met before and was in love with him. She still hoped to get Sergo's attention, but his marriage to Marfa ruined her plans.

Shattered happiness

Marfa was already waiting for the birth of her third child, when Lavrenty Beria was shot, and she was quickly taken away with her husband and children from the government dacha, settling in another country house. And then Sergo was arrested and kept in custody for almost a year, after which he was sent into exile.
Nino Teimurazovna and her son settled in Sverdlovsk. All members of the family of Lavrenty Beria by this time had new documents for the name Gegechkori. Marfa at first also went to Sverdlovsk, later, at the insistence of her mother-in-law, she went back to Moscow to take care of the children. But at the slightest opportunity, Martha went to her husband.

On the next visit of his wife, Sergo and Marfa went for a walk. And they met a girl who suddenly attacked Sergo almost with her fists, demanding to know what kind of woman was next to him. The girl turned out new girlfriend husband. That same evening, Marfa flew to Moscow and soon filed for divorce.

Sergo Beria and Marfa Peshkova were able to maintain normal relations, ex-wife allowed her son Sergei to live in Kyiv with his father, realizing that the boy needed a male upbringing. She repeatedly visited Seryozha, met with ex-husband. But the former feelings in her died, even at the moment when she found out about his betrayal.

There were legends about the love affairs of Lavrenty Beria, although for more than 30 years Nino Gegechkori, a woman who had to endure many trials, remained his only wife. What of this is part of the legend, and what really happened in their family?

In the photo - the Beria family. But not Lavrenty Pavlovich, but his son Sergo. A woman of delightful beauty is Marfa Peshkova, the granddaughter of Maxim Gorky. And Sergo - attractive, delicate features. They were an adorable couple. They passed on their beauty to their children. Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky notes in his diary in an entry dated July 12, 1953: “The children of Martha, the grandchildren of Beria, are strikingly beautiful. The eldest girl - radiant eyes, the most delicate complexion, slender, white-bodied - not only beautiful, but beautiful ... " Elsewhere in the diary, delight: "Yesterday, her great-grandchildren came to Ekaterina Pavlovna Peshkova, who lives here in ward 22: Katya, Maksik and the magically beautiful Ninochka (Beria's granddaughter) ... "And regret:" A wild fate at the Gorky house: - from Yagoda to Beria - why are they so attracted to the GEP men of such a - corrupted - way of thinking, to careerists, degenerates, Mazuriks .. .?”
To whom and how to answer this question?

I met with Marfa Maksimovna. She has a noble appearance. Still beautiful. Since childhood, she dreamed of becoming an artist, but after the arrest and exile of her husband, she had to say goodbye to the dream. In order to live on something, she got a job as a caretaker at the museum of her grandfather, Maxim Gorky, and worked there for thirty years. I asked: “Is it true that the only house that Gorky hated in Moscow was Shekhtel’s mansion at the Nikitsky Gates, and it was in this mansion that he was settled after he returned from Capri?” - "True," - and she began to tell fascinating stories about her grandfather.

The mere name of Stalin's chief of security, Lavrenty Beria, terrified ordinary citizens. But his wife was considered the first Kremlin beauty. Nina Beria was a bright brunette with burning eyes, and many men sighed for her. But Nino did not start any novels - all her life she remained faithful and devoted to her husband. Even when he was gone.

How did Lavrenty and Nino meet?

N. Zenkovich in the book "Marshals and General Secretaries" sets out the following version of the acquaintance of future spouses. Like, 16-year-old Nino came from the Mingrelian village, located not far from the village of Merkheuli, where Beria himself was from, to ask for her arrested brother. In Sukhumi, at the railway station, there was a train on which Beria was going to go to Tbilisi. It was in the early 20s. The girl began to ask for her brother, and Lavrenty invited her to his compartment. There he locked the door and raped Nino. After that, he kept her locked up in his compartment for several more days, and then offered to become his wife.

True, Nina Teimurazovna herself denied these details. She claimed that Beria simply invited her to marry him after several months of dating.

I.A. Mudrova in the book “Great love stories. 100 stories about great feeling"Writes:" Lavrenty Beria was married to Nina Teimurazovna Gegechkori. She was the niece of the Bolshevik Sasha Gegechkori and the cousin of the Menshevik and Freemason Gegechkori, who headed the government of Georgia in 1920, the niece of Noah Zhordania, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Menshevik government of Georgia, who fled abroad after the seizure of power by the Bolsheviks.

In the early 1920s, Nino, an orphan, lived with the family of her relative Sasha Gegechkori. When he went to prison for Bolshevik activities, the girl began to carry parcels for him and so met with his cellmate Lavrenty Beria. When was established in Georgia Soviet authority, Beria specially came from Baku to ask Gegechkori for the hand of Nino. But he refused, because she was a minor. Then Nino decided to marry Lawrence without permission. At least this is how she described the events in an interview with the Tbilisi newspaper 7 DGE, after perestroika.

According to Nina, the Soviet government was going to send Lavrentiy to Belgium to study oil refining issues. With one condition: he must be married. “I thought about it and agreed - rather than live in someone else's family, it's better to create your own,” explains Nino.

Kremlin wife

22 year old marriage young man on a 16-year-old girl at that time was the norm. Nina Teimurazovna assured more than once: she entered into marriage according to own will. But I didn't have to go to Belgium. The family lived in Georgia, then moved to Moscow, where Nina Teimurazovna worked as a researcher at the Timiryazev Academy. Beria entered Stalin's inner circle, including dealing with issues of the defense industry, including the development nuclear weapons and rocketry.

Unlike the wives of many other senior officials - Molotov, Kalinin, Budyonny, Poskrebyshev - Beria's wife never fell under repression. She was envied by other "Kremlin wives": among them she was known as the first beauty, wore elegant outfits, always looked perfect, was smart, graceful, with amazing taste and sense of style.

Beria's widow

A black streak began for their family after the death of Stalin. June 26, 1953 N.S. Khrushchev convened a meeting of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and raised the question of Beria's suitability for his position. As a result, Lavrenty Pavlovich was removed from all posts and arrested on charges of espionage and conspiracy to seize power. In addition, he was also accused of sexual promiscuity, that he had many mistresses, and not everyone entered into a relationship with him voluntarily.

Nina Teimurazovna Beria denied this information both during interrogations and later in an interview. She claimed that all the women with whom her husband allegedly had intercourse were in fact ... state security agents. According to her, Beria disappeared at work for days on end and he simply did not have time to start novels ...

After the arrest of Beria, Nina Teimurazovna and her son Sergo were first kept under house arrest at one of the state dachas near Moscow, then sent to prison. Until the end of 1954, both of them were kept in solitary confinement: she - in the Lubyanka, he - in the Lefortovo prison. In order to influence Nina, they even staged the execution of her son in front of her ...

When Beria was shot, the family was sent to Sverdlovsk. There, Sergo got a job as a senior engineer, but he and his mother were under constant surveillance. At the end of their exile, they returned to Georgia, from where they were forcibly taken back to Russia. Subsequently, at the request of a group of prominent scientists and in connection with the illness of Nina Teimurazovna, the family was allowed to move to Kyiv. Nina Beria died in Kyiv in the mid-90s, Sergo Beria - in 2000.

Shortly before her death, Nina Teimurazovna gave an interview in which she fully justified her husband. She claimed that Lavrenty Pavlovich was not involved in mass repressions, since the Beria family moved to Moscow only in 1938, and the main number of repressions fell on the 37th. Nowadays, it has become known that Beria, on the contrary, released from prison many who were arrested by his predecessors.

According to the widow, Everyday life Beria was quiet, calm, restrained, never raised his voice to the household, loved his wife, son and grandchildren, tried to spend every free minute with loved ones. She believed that her husband was killed "without trial or investigation" and that in fact Beria and other associates of Stalin served "high goals" and were devoted to their country and their people.

November 24, 1924 - October 11, 2000

design engineer in the field of radar and missile systems, son of Lavrenty Beria

Biography

Sergo Lavrentievich Beria (Sergei Alekseevich Gegechkori) was born on November 24, 1924 in the city of Tbilisi. Parents - Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria and Nina Teimurazovna Gegechkori. In 1938, having completed seven classes of German and music schools, together with his family moved to Moscow, where in 1941, after graduating high school No. 175, was enrolled in the Central Radio Engineering Laboratory of the NKVD of the USSR.

In the first days of the war, on the recommendation of the district committee of the Komsomol, he was sent as a volunteer to an intelligence school, where he received a radio engineering specialty at an accelerated three-month course and began serving in the army with the rank of lieutenant technician. On instructions from the General Staff, he performed a number of important tasks (in 1941 - Iran, Kurdistan; in 1942 - the North Caucasian Group of Forces).

In October 1942, by order of the People's Commissar of Defense S. Beria, he was sent to study in the Leningrad military academy communications named after S. M. Budyonny. During his studies, he repeatedly recalled on the personal instructions of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief and the General Staff to carry out special secret assignments (in 1943-1945 - the Tehran and Yalta conferences of the heads of state of the anti-Hitler coalition; 4th and 1st Ukrainian fronts). For exemplary performance of command assignments, he was awarded the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" and the Order of the Red Star.

In 1947 he graduated from the Academy with honors. Under the leadership of Dr. n., Professor P. N. Kuksenko, he is developing a graduation project on an air-sea missile guided system. The State Commission gives him an "excellent" rating and recommends organizing the development of his project in industry. One of the founders of the Soviet system missile defense G. V. Kisunko was present at the defense and left memories of this and subsequent events related to S. Beria.

In order to increase the effectiveness of bomber aviation operations against enemy ships, on September 8, 1947, the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR on the organization of a special bureau - “SB No. 1 MV” was issued. In this Decree, P.N. Kuksenko was appointed chief and chief designer, and S. Beria was appointed his deputy. When in 1950 to create anti-aircraft missile system The air defense of Moscow was formed on its basis by KB-1, S. Beria becomes one of its two main designers (the second is P. N. Kuksenko). For the successful completion of the government task to create new types of weapons ( rocket system"Comet") - was awarded the Order of Lenin and awarded the Stalin Prize. Working in SB-1 and KB-1, Sergo Beria defended his candidate's dissertation in 1948, and his doctoral dissertation in 1952.

Arrest and disgrace

After the removal and arrest of his father, L.P. Beria, in July 1953, he, along with his mother, was interned at one of the state dachas near Moscow, then he was also arrested and until the end of 1954 he was kept in solitary confinement, first in Lefortovskaya, and then in Butyrskaya prisons.

After being released from prison, S. Beria receives a passport in the name of Sergei Alekseevich Gegechkori and goes into exile in the Urals. In the city of Sverdlovsk, being under constant supervision, he worked for almost ten years as a senior engineer at the Research Institute of p / box 320.

At the request of the government of a group of prominent scientists of the country, in connection with the illness of his mother Nina Teimurazovna, he was allowed to be transferred to the city of Kyiv to the organization p / box 24, which was later transformed into NPO Kvant (now State Enterprise Research Institute Kvant). Until September 1988, he worked there as a lead designer, head of a sector, and head of a department. Later, he was involved in the work of the Department of New Physical Problems of the IPM of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR as the head of the system design department - the chief designer of the complex. From 1990 to 1999, S. L. Beria - scientific supervisor, Chief designer Kyiv Scientific Research Institute "Kometa" (formerly - Kyiv branch of TsNPO "Kometa"). Since 1999 - retired.

Sergo wrote a book dedicated to his father, "My father is Lavrenty Beria", where he believes that repression and terror have been an integral part of the existence of the Soviet state since its inception and that is why his father suffered.

He died on October 11, 2000 in Kyiv. He was buried at Baikovo Cemetery.

Family and Children

He was married to Marfa Maksimovna Peshkova (Maxim Gorky's granddaughter from his first marriage), they had three children: daughters Nina and Nadezhda, son Sergei.

The marriage broke up during S. Beria's stay in exile.!