How to do speech therapy massage for children at home. Massage of the facial muscles for the development of speech (speech therapy massage)

Massage can be both a general strengthening procedure and a therapeutic one, solving a number of human health problems.

Many may be quite skeptical about the possibility of improving speech or the ability of the baby to speak using such therapy.

However, do not forget that you and I consist of organ systems, the fixation and interaction of which is possible through muscle interactions and pulsations. nervous system, therefore, the approach to solving speech therapy problems should be two-sided - the development of speech with the help of special classes and a course of massage procedures that will strengthen the muscular apparatus and create the maximum prerequisites for speech and correct pronunciation.

Additionally, for the development of speech in children and adults, speech therapists recommend the Tomatis therapy method, which allows you to renew the connection between the ear and the brain, to harmonize the relationship of the child with the outside world.

1. Main tasks

The main tasks of speech therapy massage include:

• correction of sound pronunciation;
• improving the state of the voice;
• normalization of speech breathing;
• elimination of emotional stress in persons with speech defects;
• study of the problems of stuttering, rhinolalia, voice disorders, dysarthria;
• improving the tone of the muscles of the oral cavity and the vocal apparatus;
• development and activation of the peripheral speech apparatus;
• reduction of hypersalivation;
• strengthening the pharyngeal reflex;
• increased proprioceptive sensations;
• creation of prerequisites for arbitrary coordinated movements of the organs of articulation.

2. Indications

Indications for speech therapy massage are:

• voice disorder;
• dysarthria;
• stuttering, discomfort and tension during pronunciation;
• acceleration of the effectiveness of speech therapy classes;
• involuntary salivation;

3. Contraindications

Key contraindications include:

• the presence of infectious or somatic diseases in the acute period;
• skin diseases (acute and chronic);
• conjunctivitis;
• gingivitis;
• stomatitis;
• herpes and other viral lesions of the oral mucosa;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• increased pulsation of the carotid arteries.

4. Terms and Conditions

Speech therapy massage is carried out after a medical diagnosis with an examination. The speech therapist establishes the form and structure of the speech defect and prescribes procedures. At the same time, attention is paid to the state of muscle tone of the upper half of the body, neck, facial and articulatory muscles.

It is carried out in a warm, well-ventilated clean room. The duration of the procedures is 5-7 minutes per initial stage, with a gradual increase in time up to 20-25 minutes. At the same time, there is a gradation of duration depending on the age group: in infants, the duration does not exceed 10-12 minutes, at the initial stage it is 1-2 minutes; children preschool age the duration is up to 15 minutes, primary school age - 25 minutes.

The frequency is 2-3 times a week. The course is 10-20 procedures, the regularity of repeating the course is from two weeks to 2 months, with serious lesions, the effect can be performed for a year or more.

Speech therapy massage for children implies awareness of the need for it to be carried out by the baby's parents - a speech therapist explains the effectiveness of massage, sets up a positive result. They, in turn, prepare the baby for ongoing actions, soothe. To eliminate the fear of the procedure, you can show the movements on another child who has already undergone such procedures.

The impact should not cause pain, if the child is negatively disposed to this procedure, at the initial stages it is worth doing only stroking. The most affected areas are not worked out immediately, but in the middle or towards the end of the procedure, thereby relaxing the baby and eliminating the fear of possible pain. Gradually, procedure after procedure, there is a decrease in pain and fear during exposure, and the baby accepts all movements well. To conduct you will need:

• sterile medical gloves;
• protective mask;
• ammonia (if medical assistance is needed).

The technique of carrying out is divided into the stage of classical massage of the outer integument of the skin, at this stage oil is used, and speech therapy massage of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, where the massage is performed with gloves and a medical mask. General rule for both cases is to perform with warm hands.

5. Technique for speech therapy massage

The execution technique repeats the order of holding other parts of the body, including stroking, rubbing, kneading and vibration. The procedure is carried out in three various provisions child's body:

• lying on your back with your head towards the massage therapist;
• sitting in a chair with a high headrest, the masseur is located behind his back;
• lying on his back, the masseur is on his right hand, holding his head in the parietal part of the skull with his left, and performing movements with his right (this position is convenient for massaging lips, cheeks, chewing muscles and tongue from the outside and inside).

To work out the muscles of the face, a classic speech therapy manual massage is performed. It is performed in the supine position with the head towards the massage therapist.

We start all movements with stroking the face. Massage the forehead, cheeks, chin area with the fingertips along the massage lines. The movements are light and gentle: the forehead area - from the center of the forehead to the temples, from the superciliary arches to the hairline; cheeks - from the line of the nose to the temples, from the line of the wings of the nose to the tragus of the ear, from the corners of the mouth to the base of the ear; chin - from the center to the base of the skull.

We repeat the impact 3-5 times. If necessary, perform rubbing and kneading along the same lines, using comb and rake rubbing, felting technique and crossing on the cheek area.

5.1 Lips

Often, problems of a speech therapy nature are associated with a low tone of the oral region of the muscles of the face, therefore, intensively, with the fingertips, rubbing and kneading is carried out in this area, capturing the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe chin, mouth, nasolabial folds (recommended when performing speech therapy massage for dysarthria). To work out the speech muscles, we carry out intensive, but not delaying kneading - with the fingertips we perform simple and moon-shaped kneading, massaging the lip area.

It is performed from the hollow between the chin and the lip to the corners of the lips for the lower lip; from the corners of the lips to the supralabial fold for the upper lip. Use fingertip stroking, rubbing, sawing and puncturing, kneading by felting and crossing, vibration by tapping with your fingertips, complete the effect with stroking and acupressure on active points in this area. We repeat the complex effect 5-7 times. We finish with strokes.
In case of facial asymmetry, massage is performed with great effort and work on the affected side to strengthen the muscles.

5.2. Neck

To work out the neck area in speech therapy massage, we use the technique of turning the neck in different directions: turn the head left and right, back and forth, repeat the movements 3-5 times in each direction. We massage the Adam's apple area using strokes. The movements are not squeezing, neat, repeat them 3-5 times. Finish speech therapy facial massage with strokes: forehead area from the center to the temples, from the eyebrows to the hairline; upper eyelid - from the inner corner of the eye to the outer, from the outer to the inner for the lower eyelid; cheeks - from the line of the nose to the tragus of the ear, from the wings of the nose to the base of the ear, from the corner of the lips to the base of the ear. Repeat the movements 2-3 times.

If necessary, supplement speech therapy massage by massaging the articulatory section from the side of the mucous membrane.

It is performed before meals or 1.5-2 hours after meals for 5 minutes. Put on sterile gloves before performing the procedure.

5.3. Lingual muscle massage

Perform stroking of the gum area in a horizontal plane on the right and left sides. use straight, zigzag and circular strokes. Repeat 2-3 times.

These manipulations cause increased salivation, so let the person being massaged swallow saliva after them.

Similarly, perform vertical effects along the entire jaw, repeat 2-3 times and let the saliva swallow. Start massaging the palate - with light finger movements, move the soft palate along the midline, while the sounds "A" and "E" can be pronounced. Repeat 10-15 times.

Massage of the tongue is performed from the tip to the base, until a gag reflex appears. We perform light strokes, pats and vibrations, the total duration of the procedure is 15-20 seconds.

We make strokes in a straight line, zigzag, circular. We start movements from the middle of the tongue to the tip and figuratively, from the middle to the edges (herringbone technique), from the left edge to the right and back, while fixing the tongue with one hand, and performing the procedure with the other. We roll the finger over the surface of the tongue, pinch the tongue with the fingertips and stretch its edges. Perform strokes from the side of the hyoid frenulum to the tip and back.

Instead of palpation, speech therapy massage can be performed with a toothbrush, in a similar way.

FROM outside The massage is complemented by a point impact on the submandibular fossa for 15 seconds with vibrating movements with the index finger and vibration with two index fingers for 15 seconds at the angles of the jaw.

5.4. Language

With hypertonicity of the muscles of the tongue, the effect is relaxing. With increased tone, it is difficult to keep the tongue out of the mouth, the palatopharyngeal (vomit) reflex can also make it difficult to carry out, therefore, performing a similar procedure with hypertonicity requires the following rules:

• massage is performed after relaxation of the muscles of the cervical region, shoulder girdle and muscles of the mandibular region, because these muscles are closely related to the muscles of the root of the tongue;
• movements are directed from the tip of the tongue to the root;
• before the start of the procedure, the border of the palatopharyngeal reflex is established. The border is set by moving the spatula along the surface of the tongue with the establishment of this border.

In case of spasms when performing in the most advanced cases almost on the tip of the tongue, massage is recommended to start with the internal location of the tongue in the oral cavity, gradually increasing the massaging area and working on the surface of the tongue outside the mouth.

To relax the tongue, do point exercises with the submandibular fossa and vibrations at the angles of the jaw, grab the tip with your right hand and rock it from side to side, back and forth. The movements are smooth, with a gradual increase in amplitude.

After that, proceed to the procedure. Stroking is done with the thumb of the dominant hand, while the index finger holds the tongue on the other side. Movements are carried out from the center to the periphery, moving from the tip of the tongue to the root to the established border, performing movements from the beginning on the right side of the midline, then on the left. With the guided hand, hold the tongue by the tip, with the leading hand, using the thumb and forefinger, stroke from the center to the periphery, from the tip to the border.

Kneading is performed by capturing the tongue from above with the thumb, from below - with the index and middle fingers. The surface of the tongue is rubbed on both sides of the center line of the tongue. From tip to root. With the same position of the fingers, rubbing the surface of the tongue without pressure is performed.

Tongue vibrations are performed by grabbing the tip of the tongue with the leading hand. Produce light shaking, perform pats and pressure with a spatula (wooden or plastic).

Before influencing the oral cavity, teach the child to work effectively with salivation, for this, use the exercise of chewing with the head thrown back, swallowing saliva in one go, rotating the tongue in front of the mouth, and then swallowing the saliva.

The method of working with complex cases of cerebral palsy often includes, in addition to speech therapy facial massage techniques, the study of the baby's arms and legs, the development of grasping, kinesthetic reflexes, motor skills and reactions to external stimulation. In this case, the speech therapist works together with the massage therapist and selects the best methods that combine massage movements aimed at proper development musculoskeletal system and the development of appropriate reflexes and skills.

5.5. Hands

As a technique for conducting speech therapy massage of the hands and upper limbs, familiarize yourself with the basic methods of children's massage of the upper limbs and hands, which can be supplemented with the following exercises:
1."Finger Pool". Pour peas and beans into a small box with a side height of 6-8 cm, working with such a pool contributes to the development of active kinesthesia. To enhance the effect, place objects of various textures in the box - rough, smooth, oval, square.
2.Speech therapy brush "hedgehog". At home, the simulator can be made independently - use a massage comb with a soft base for attaching wooden teeth, preferably the size of a child's hand. Remove it from the comb, glue felt or leather on the back to stiffen it and make a holder to fix it on your hand. The simulator is used in two positions - with the needles to the palm and out. Due to the large area of ​​irritation, a deep study of the nerve endings of the palmar part of the hand is carried out when performing therapeutic speech therapy physical education (patting the palms, patting from the hand to the elbow, stroking from the elbow to the hand, etc.).

Speech therapy massage can also be supplemented with massage techniques for biologically active points.

Pressing these points stimulates the work of certain organ systems and muscle groups. The method of applying acupressure speech therapy massage is distinguished by its simplicity, physiology, small area of ​​influence and the possibility of carrying out not only for correction, but also for prevention. The use of acupressure speech therapy massage allows you to:

• normalize muscle tone;
• improve the work of articulatory, respiratory, vocal apparatus;
• regulate autonomic functions and metabolic processes;
• regulate the emotional state;
• has a preventive effect on disorders of the vocal apparatus and diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

The main conditions for the effectiveness of acupressure is the correct determination of the localization of biologically active points, the most effective method for their determination is palpation. It is produced with the pads of the most sensitive fingers (most often the ring or index). The methodology is as follows:

• at the initial stage, no more than 3-4 points are massaged, gradually increasing their number;
• during one session we work with points of both local and general destination;
• acupressure is carried out before speech therapy;
• the procedure is of a course nature, sessions are held every other day, the interval should not exceed 3 days, the break between courses is 3-6 months;
• When carrying out a procedure aimed at relaxation, turn on relaxing music.

When performing acupressure, a complex study of points grouped on a specific area of ​​​​the skin is performed. Let's take a look at the main blocks.

Massage of biologically active points to normalize the work of articulatory muscles (BAP1): a single point under the nose in the upper third of the nasolabial fold; a single point in the center of the chin-labial fold; paired points at a distance of 1 cm from the corners of the mouth; paired points along the diagonal of the nasolabial fold almost in the middle between the wings of the nose and the corners of the lips; paired points on the lower jaw parallel to the points lagging behind the corners of the mouth by 1 cm.

Biologically active points for improving blood supply and respiration of the nasopharynx (BAT2) (improving voice resonance, preventing voice disorders): paired points at the wings of the nose; paired points at the superciliary arches; point in the middle between the eyebrows; paired points at a distance of 0.5 cm along the line of connection of the wings of the nose with the earlobe.

Biologically active points of influence on the muscles of the pharynx and larynx (BAP3) (normalization of the muscles of the vocal apparatus): a point on the midline of the neck between the lower edge of the hyoid bone and the upper notch of the thyroid cartilage; a point at a distance of 0.7 cm above the upper edge of the jugular notch of the sternum.

Biologically active points for normalizing the state of the muscles of the pharynx, larynx and root of the tongue (BAT4): a point on the midline of the neck; paired points on both sides of the thyroid cartilage at the anterior edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. They are massaged very carefully, as this causes discomfort.

Biologically active points for the normalization of the work of the muscles of the lower jaw (BAT5): a point in the middle of the most protruding part of the chin; paired points in front of the tragus of the ear in the cavity of the junction of the jaw and zygomatic bone; paired points on the lower edge of the earlobe.

Massage on biologically active points is performed in combination with voice gymnastics:

• complex BAT1 together with the pronunciation of the sounds “ZMMM” for 2-3 seconds, thus relieving tension when the voice sounds;
• the BAT2 complex is performed together with the pronunciation of the sounds “HMMMM” for 2-3 seconds;
• the BAT5 complex is performed with a long pronunciation of “ZHMMMM” for 2-3 seconds, the tension in the pharyngeal-laryngeal region is relieved;

5.6. auricles

Also, the effect on biologically active points can be supplemented with speech therapy massage of the auricles. This area is concentrated a large number of biologically active points, which are able to quickly increase the tone of the nervous system, activate the muscles of the speech apparatus. Massage of the auricles is carried out at its final stage.

We start by rubbing the auricles from bottom to top and top to bottom, then we make pulling movements of the earlobes to the bottom, repeat the movements 5 times. This movement activates the articulatory muscles. We carefully place the index finger at the beginning of the ear canal, and with the thumb we massage the ear tragus with light pressure movements. Duration: within 30 seconds. These movements help with a runny nose, eliminate hoarseness. Massage of the antihelix of the auricle is performed on the opposite side of the ear canal.

The anti-helix is ​​pressed with the index finger and massaged from top to bottom for 30 seconds. These movements improve the sound of the voice.
In addition to acupressure on the auricles, a speech therapy massage of the feet and hands is performed, however, this applies more to children's massage, since The greatest relationship of tactile sensations with the cerebral cortex is observed in infancy..

In conclusion, I would like to note that when solving speech therapy problems, try to follow all the recommendations of a speech therapist, include speech classes, developmental exercises and speech therapy massage - integrating, you are doomed to success.

Savostkina E.N. speech therapist MBDOU "Kindergarten No. 28 "Golden Cockerel"

AT recent decades the number of children with speech disorders is steadily increasing, and, as a rule, with the most severe ones. In addition to children with a violation of one or two sounds, it is increasingly possible to meet children who have 10-12 sounds missing or distorted, or even more. Often, mixing of sounds, their replacements and violations of the syllabic structure are added to this, that is, the child cannot reproduce words without error, rearranges syllables, simplifies consonant confluences, etc. There are also frequent violations of the assimilation of the grammatical structure of the native language.

correct, good speech- this is communication, and self-expression, and a tool for learning, and prevention of most school problems.

Speech is conditioned reflex. For its development, a physiological basis is necessary - the presence of unconditioned reflexes, normal hearing, a healthy articulatory and nervous system. The work of a speech therapist without preparing this foundation is often ineffective.

Massage in speech therapy correction- part of a complex work. This method is especially effective in severe speech disorders - alalia, dysarthria, etc.

One of the most effective ways correction of speech disorders is speech therapy massage and self-massage.

Not only effective, but also ancient - massage has been known for more than one millennium, and among all peoples of the world. Since ancient times, massage has been part of the medical art.

The origin of the word is not entirely clear. "massage" . So, some authors believe that it comes from Arabic "mass" or "rnasch" - "gently press, touch" , others - from Greek "masso" - "clasp hands" , third - from Latin mass - "sticky to fingers" .

Only in late XIX century, science has become seriously interested in massage. Since then, many methods of therapeutic, sports, cosmetic and health massage have been developed.

According to Professor B. R. Yaremenko, massage accelerates the reverse development of speech disorders by 4-5 times! You can perform it both in class with a speech therapist, and at home with your mother. There is no addiction to massage, but there is always a benefit.

Self-massage is a massage performed by the child himself with the help of hands or aids.

The use of self-massage with spoons in the complex corrective work to overcome speech disorders significantly improves its efficiency. Self-massage in speech therapy correction can be used to prevent dysarthria disorders in early preschool age, as well as dynamic articulation exercises that cause an effect similar to massage. Basic massage techniques: stroking, rubbing, kneading, vibration.

One of the new methods of speech therapy massage is massage with spoons, proposed and described by the famous St. Petersburg speech therapist, the author of many manuals on speech therapy and preschool education - Olga Igorevna Krupenchuk, which has a number of advantages. Firstly, it helps to avoid a negative reaction to probe massage, the massage movements are quite simple, which allows you to teach children self-massage. Spoons do not require sterilization - just wash them. Secondly, the different temperature of the spoons can be used for a relaxing or stimulating massage. The area of ​​influence of a spoon, even a coffee one, is much larger than the area of ​​influence of a finger. With a spoon you can carry out such movements that it is impossible to do with a finger. For example, pressing with the side edge, rubbing movements with the edge of a spoon, deep kneading of a large area; movements pushing back the lips, kneading the lips and cheeks, relying on the entire scoop.

Thirdly, interested parents can easily master it and apply it at home.

In addition to all this, the use of spoon self-massage in speech therapy also gives the development fine motor skills in a child, helps in the practical assimilation of prepositions and prepositional words.

A child, doing self-massage with spoons, easily learns the names of parts of the face.

Massage with spoons can be carried out as on subgroup lesson, and on the individual, including it as necessary in the structure of the lesson.

Doing self-massage, the child performs movements with a pleasant effort for him and will never hurt himself.

Spoons can be taken in different ways, which helps to keep children interested in the lesson. For preschool children, it is better to use coffee spoons. Spoons should be made of stainless steel with a minimum of decorations on the handle and a round, not sharp, tip.

If the child has a pronounced gag reflex, just temporarily exclude the movement of a spoon in his mouth for him. And gradually in individually deal with this problem: massage the tongue, starting from the tip, gradually pushing the border of the reflex deeper. It helps a lot to talk with the child during the massage, diverting his attention from the procedure. The fact is that the reason for this phenomenon is often psychological: a fixed reaction to some influence in the past.

If the muscles are hypotonic and the child needs a stimulating massage, place a glass of water in front of him. cold water and let him dip his spoons into it from time to time. With muscle hypertonicity, place a glass with warm water and have the child dip their spoons into it.

For massage, you need to take 2 spoons for each child.

While working with a child, you can massage him with spoons, and then teach him self-massage so that he can do this at home under parental supervision.

Children learn the techniques of self-massage with spoons under the guidance of a teacher, a speech therapist. Teaching children self-massage with spoons, the speech therapist shows each technique on himself and comments on it. Children perform a massage technique on their own: at first, with visual control (mirror), and then without it. Before performing self-massage techniques, children should take a calm, relaxed posture. As children get acquainted with the techniques of hand movements, fingers, they will become more coordinated and accurate. When the techniques of self-massage are mastered by children, it is possible to carry out movements under a poetic text. The exercise is performed while reading a poem, and this is also no coincidence. Poems, as rhythmically organized speech, contribute to the formation of a sense of rhythm in children and are a non-specific way to correct violations of the syllabic structure.

The form of conducting can be both individual and subgroup. (4-5 people). Self-massage can be included in speech therapy lesson, while self-massage techniques can precede or complete articulatory gymnastics.

Thus, massage with spoons has an effective effect in the prevention and correction of speech disorders.

Using self-massage with spoons in our work with children of middle and older preschool age, we found positive results. Self-massage contributes to the normalization of the muscle tone of the mimic and articulatory muscles, the formation correct way organs of the articulatory apparatus. Significantly reduces salivation, hyperkinesis, synkenesis and deviation of the tongue. The development of fine motor skills, precise, coordinated movements of the hands and fingers, which helps not only in speech therapy work, but also improves self-service skills in children, contributes to the best learning of children in the classroom. Self-massage with spoons using poetic forms improves memory, correlating movements with the text of poems.

Self-massage with spoons has a huge impact on the delivery and automation of sounds, as well as the assimilation and use of sound in children's independent speech.

Bibliography

1. Krupenchuk O.I. Speech therapy massage with spoons. St. Petersburg: Publishing House "Litera" , 2014.
2. Filicheva T.B., Chirkina G.V. Training program

Many modern parents are faced with speech development disorders in children. Speech therapy massage for a child activates the articulatory muscles, increases the power of the voice, improves speech breathing, and forms the correct bite. It has a complex effect on muscles, nerve endings, blood vessels and tissues of the speech apparatus.

Speech therapists often use articulation massage for hypotonicity or hypertonicity, which has a beneficial effect on the development of speech, eliminating shortcomings in sound pronunciation.

Possible contraindications for the following diseases:

• viral colds;
• eye infections (conjunctivitis);
• skin diseases;
• stomatitis, gingivitis, etc.

Specialist massage, as well as speech therapy massage for children at home, must comply with hygienic requirements.

Before carrying out the procedure, you need to ventilate the room. In the room it is necessary to create conditions comfortable for the child.

The duration depends on the individual characteristics of the child's health.. It is recommended to start from 1-2 minutes, by the end of the course the maximum duration of one session can be 15-25 minutes.

Scheme of session duration by age:

• 0-3 years - 10 minutes;
• 4-7 years - 15 minutes;
• 7-10 years - 25 minutes.

The course usually consists of 10-30 daily sessions, which can be repeated after 1.5-2 months.

For the procedure, it is important to place the child in a comfortable position. This is either a lying position with a cushion under the head or a semi-sitting position - in a reclining chair.

The main types of logo massage

There are the following types of speech therapy massage:

• Manual, called classic, is performed next to the problem area or right on it with the help of stroking, kneading, rubbing and vibration. When conducting manual massage, a speech therapist uses a spatula, a pacifier, a toothbrush.
• Acupressure is an impact on active points associated with problem areas for speech.
• Hardware massage involves the use of special vibration devices.
• Probe massage was introduced by the famous speech therapist E.V. Novikova, who developed special probes.
• Self-massage assumes that the child performs the procedure on his own.

Method E.V. Novikova

With dysarthria, a speech therapist usually prescribes a probe speech therapy massage. A set of probes developed by E.V. Novikov, these are eight devices in the form of forks, hatchets, etc.

Speech therapy massage for children at home involves the use of probes if the parents have received special training. If you have any doubts or questions after learning speech therapy massage, it is strongly recommended that you clarify them with speech therapists, rather than trying to experiment on your child

It is important to remember that the probe massage of the tongue is carried out only by an experienced specialist who has undergone professional training!

Probe speech therapy massage allows you to correct speech and achieve the following results:

• normalization of speech breathing,
• sound correction,
• increase in voice power
• improvement of the state of the nervous system.

The sequence of exposure to problem areas with probes is determined by a specialist. The child should not experience pain. Probe procedures are contraindicated in children under 6 months of age.

Probe massage of the tongue is carried out using the following techniques:

1. The thymus probe is used when chipping the tongue, which leads to a rhythmic contraction of muscle fibers. After that, oscillatory and rotational movements are started with a probe installed at a certain point of the tongue for 5 seconds.
2. Probe-eight produce pressure on the tongue.
3. Sledge probes (3 different types devices) allow you to press on the tongue, stimulating muscle fibers.
4. A hatchet probe performs pressing and sliding movements.
5. The probe-cross by pressing on the tongue and pushing back promotes muscle contraction.
6. The pusher probe allows you to press on the tongue for 5 seconds, then relaxation is carried out.

Probe speech therapy massage is used in a course for 2-3 weeks. Each exercise is performed 30 times. Sometimes one course of treatment is enough for children. Logomassage can be repeated after 1.5-2 months.

Logo massage at home

Facial massage for children for the development of speech is also carried out at home. Parents should definitely consult with a specialist on how to do speech therapy massage, paying special attention to possible contraindications.

Speech therapy massage for children at home involves facial massage (with fingers and teaspoons) and tongue, including relaxing, gymnastics for the articulatory and respiratory apparatus

Speech therapy facial massage is based on rubbing, stroking, kneading. It must be taken into account that the child should be comfortable.

Facial massage for children for the development of speech is carried out in stages:

1. Forehead. First, strokes are used from the middle of the forehead to the temples, then from the eyebrows to the hair. After stroking, lightly knead the forehead.
2. Cheeks. Kneading movements are performed, stretching from the corners of the mouth to the temples along the cheeks, from the cheekbones to the lower jaw.
3. Nose. The wings of the nose are stroked, gently stretched, after which strokes are applied from the nose to the corners of the mouth.
4. Mouth. The upper, lower lip are alternately stroked, stretched towards the corners of the mouth.
5. Chin. Stroking, kneading is performed from the middle of the mouth to the corners.
6. Neck. Stroking, kneading movements are performed in the neck area.

Speech therapy facial massage can be performed using teaspoons.

Speech therapy massage with spoons is one of the modern effective methods for the development of children's speech.. It is important to use smooth spoons to avoid hurting the baby's face.

Speech therapy massage with spoons is performed using the following techniques:

1. Stroking the child's temples with spoons.
2. Stroking the eye sockets.
3. Cheek stroking.
4. Rubbing the temples with slides of spoons.
5. Rubbing the area between the eyebrows with slides of spoons.
6. Rubbing the nasolabial area with the end of a spoon.
7. Stroking the upper and lower lips with a slight pressure.
8. Kneading the chin and cheekbones.

For the convenience of the procedure, you need to prepare 4 teaspoons in advance.

Tongue massage for speech correction

Speech therapy massage of the tongue for children is prescribed for dysarthria, characterized by the presence of a short hyoid frenulum.

Before you start massaging the child's tongue, you need to do relaxing exercises:

1. The tongue is turned either to the right or to the left, slightly pulling it up, taking it with your fingers: thumb lies on top, middle and index - below.
2. The tongue is slowly twisted forward on the index finger.

An effective speech therapy massage of the tongue with dysarthria is impossible without relaxation of the neck muscles, collar zone and jaw, because. they directly affect the functioning of the speech apparatus.

The procedure is performed in the direction from the root to the tip of the tongue with the help of fingers, a plastic or wooden spatula or a soft toothbrush.

Speech therapy massage of the tongue for dysarthria is performed in a strict sequence:

1. With a spatula or index finger, the longitudinal lingual muscles are stroked 9-10 times.
2. The spatula is rhythmically pressed along the entire length 5-6 times.
3. With the index finger or toothbrush, transverse strokes are carried out 5-6 times.
4. The lateral muscles of the tongue are stroked with the thumb and forefinger.
5. Fingers knead the entire area of ​​​​the tongue for 7-9 seconds.
6. Finger movements are performed in the form of rubbing.
7. Fingers gently shake the tip of the tongue, after which light and vigorous pressure is applied with a spatula.
8. Fingers perform light compression of the lateral muscles of the tongue, holding for 1-2 seconds.
9. Fingers perform light pinching of the tongue, then pat with a spatula for 10 seconds.

Speech therapy massage for dysarthria at home must comply with hygiene requirements. Rooms should be ventilated and warm.

Effective speech therapy massage for children at home is strict adherence to the requirements of a specialist. The procedure is recommended to be repeated 2 to 3 times a day in combination. You can’t skip sessions, because. only painstaking regular work can lead to positive changes in the speech development of the child.

Relaxation of speech muscles

Relaxing speech therapy massage is used for spasmodic speech muscles (musculature of the face, lips and tongue). Increased muscle tone is removed with the help of gentle strokes and light pressure.

The procedure begins with relaxation of the neck muscles, for which smooth rotational movements of the head are carried out. Next, stroking movements are carried out for the facial muscles, then for the labial muscles. The session ends with light rotational and tapping movements of the fingers on the lips.

Relaxation of the facial and neck muscles helps to reduce hypertonicity, improve speech activity child.

Speech therapy massage for children at home is effective along with articulatory gymnastics.

Articulation gymnastics is performed in front of a mirror. As a rule, the child repeats the movements of a speech therapist or a parent if speech therapy massage is used for dysarthria at home.

Gymnastics for the child's articulatory apparatus includes the following exercises for the tongue and lips:

• shows the tongue, stretching it out as much as possible,
• pulls gently to the chin and nose,
• shakes to relax muscles,
• takes aside,
• collects lips with a tube,
• stretches, fixing fingers in the corners of the mouth,
• raises the upper lip
• lowers lower lip
• squeezes,
• licks.

Speech therapy massage for children at home includes gymnastics for development correct breathing child.

In speech therapy, there are many exercises aimed at shaping the correct breathing of the child in game form:

• « Get the ball into the goal". Smiling, blow so that the stream of air goes in the middle of the tongue lying on the lower lip. It is necessary to blow off the cotton wool on the edge of the table.
• « blow off the snowflake". Put a small paper snowflake on the tip of your tongue and try to blow it off. The mouth should be ajar, the tongue sticking out.
• « Bubble". You need to inflate a big soap bubble. Or arrange a competition among children who will inflate the most soap balloons.
• « Inflate a toy". You can arrange a competition for children: who will inflate the toy the fastest.

For a child with speech problems, especially stuttering, it is useful to buy toy wind instruments to correct breathing.

Work on correcting a child's speech is necessarily accompanied by learning tongue twisters. Constant learning of tongue twisters will allow you to cope with complex words, the pronunciation of which causes difficulty. These can be difficult to pronounce sonorous sounds “P”, “L”, hissing “Sh”, “Sh”, etc. In addition, the child masters the tempo-rhythm of speech, because. he not only needs to correctly pronounce the "insidious" sounds, but also to do it as quickly as possible.

Thus, speech therapy massage for children at home includes probe and relaxing massage of the face (using fingers and spoons) and tongue, as well as gymnastics for the articulatory and respiratory apparatus. To carry out the procedure with probes at home, parents must undergo special training. Experts recommend using several types of influence on the articulatory apparatus for effective speech correction in children.

Massage speech therapy procedures are one of the methods of corrective action in case of various forms violations speech development. Speech therapy massage has a beneficial effect on the human body and stimulates the muscular and nervous systems, which is important for the speech-motor process. It can be part of a complex of medical and pedagogical recovery of adults after strokes, children, adolescents who are diagnosed with speech disorders and disorders (including stuttering).

Why do speech therapists prescribe massage?

Speech therapy massage is a mechanical irritation (stroking, kneading) in the areas of the muscles of the upper shoulder girdle, neck, head, especially the area of ​​the tongue, soft palate, cheeks and lips. In practice, physiotherapy reduces the period of formation and normalization of the pronunciation side of speech under the influence of speech therapy, improves the state of the voice, speech breathing, and stabilizes the emotional background of a person. This procedure is considered one of the tools for the development of speech - this is how you can characterize what speech therapy massage (LM) is.

But the reasons for speech that is incomprehensible to others can be not only violations of the tone of the organs of articulation (mobility of the muscle tissues of the lips, tongue), but also problems of grammatical construction of speech and syllabic structures words, underdevelopment of phonemic hearing. Therefore, a systematic approach is needed to correct general and speech development.

The main tasks of speech therapy massage include the activation and normalization of the peripheral speech and articulatory apparatus, the strengthening of the pharyngeal reflex, the stimulation of speech development, and the reduction of salivation.

About indications and contraindications for massage

There are certain indications for speech therapy massage associated with impaired articulatory motility. These include:

- a state of dysarthria - when there are violations of the innervation (supply of nerves) of the muscles of the speech apparatus;

- mechanical dyslalia (shortening of the hyoid ligament);

- rhinolalia (impaired speech pronunciation due to defects in the structure of the speech apparatus).

To do this, a speech therapist examines the patient, excluding contraindications:

- conditions with acute inflammatory processes and elevated body temperature;

- the presence of epilepsy, seizures;

– infectious diseases oral cavity;

- rashes of herpes on the lips, skin diseases on the head;

- propensity to bleed from the nose;

- vomiting, nausea;

- conjunctivitis.

There are cases when LM is prescribed to a child with autism, motor alalia, speech development delay (SRR). Speech therapy massage for ZRR is a dubious purpose, since it helps to correct sound pronunciation, and in this case the child does not speak. Therefore, it can be used not as the main method of correction, but only in combination with other methods.

Types of massage

It is necessary to understand for what purpose the massage course is prescribed, whether it will be activating or relaxing, with what accompaniment it will be carried out (setting sounds, articulatory gymnastics).

Types of speech therapy massage are classified into:

- classic - with a standard set of manual techniques;

- point - impact on bioactive points;

- hardware - a technique using vacuum and vibration devices;

- probe - massage using a special tool according to the method of Novikova E.V.;

- massage developed by Dyakova E.A. - a systematized and generalized methodology for various kinds of speech disorders;

- segmental-reflex - performed using the classical technique with segmental division into zones (face-head - cervical region - collar zone).

About therapeutic classical massage

The traditional type of massage is performed on the damaged area of ​​the body directly or next to it, while the reflex effect is not taken into account. The procedure involves the LMA of the face and tongue, as well as gymnastics for the respiratory and articulatory apparatus. Apply classic massage techniques.

Speech therapy massage in pictures can be seen below.

1. Working out the frontal part of the face: stroking movements from the middle of the forehead to the temple, to the hair from the eyebrows and slight kneading of the frontal zone.
   
   
2. Cheek zone: kneading, stretching along the cheeks from the corners of the mouth to the temporal part of the face, to the lower part of the chin from the cheekbones.
   
   
3. Nose area: stroking and stretching movements of the wings of the nose, then stroking to the corners of the mouth.
   
   
4. Mouth zone: the lower and upper lips are stroked alternately with a stretch to the corners.
   
   
5. Chin area: working out with stroking and kneading techniques from the center to the periphery.
   
   

Such a speech therapy facial massage for a child can be done at home. After that, a massage of the lingual muscles is carried out and, if necessary, gymnastics.

Briefly about performing acupressure

The effectiveness of acupressure largely depends on the correct determination of the localization of the impact points during palpation; pulsation is often noted on the face in such places. You should start the massage course with the study of no more than four points, with a gradual increase in their number.

Acupressure speech therapy massage is carried out using complexes of bioactive points (BAP) depending on the goals pursued by the procedure (for example, to normalize articulatory muscles or tension in the muscle tissues of the vocal apparatus). Massaging of symmetrical points is carried out simultaneously and in pairs, points of local and general action are worked out. Sessions are held every other day with a treatment course determined by the doctor.

Probe massage method

The technique of probe massage of the tongue was developed by Novikova E.V. The author created special techniques and special tools - a set of eight probes. Each of the probes used is intended for a specific area of ​​the soft palate, cheeks, lips, tongue and contributes to the gradual resuscitation of the area being treated. Upon examination, the doctor determines the degree of damage to the muscles of the child's face and the number of sessions required.

Such children's speech therapy massage at home can be performed subject to special training for parents. Carrying out a probe LM requires training and experience, therefore it should be carried out by an experienced masseur-speech therapist. It is important that the child does not experience discomfort during this. This procedure is contraindicated in infants under six months of age.

About massage according to the method of Dyakova E.A.

Speech therapists use the method developed by E.A. Dyakova. She was able to systematize and present a description of the LM methods and techniques, as well as substantiate the expediency of its use in various forms of speech disorders.

In the book "Speech therapy massage" Dyakova E.A. outlined in detail the physiological aspects of the complex of massage procedures, the order diagnostic examination patients, detailed methods of differentiated and acupressure LM and basic techniques of speech therapy massage.

With a slow, light effect, the excitability of tissues decreases, which has a relaxing effect. And with fast movements, the irritability of the tissues increases, therefore, the muscles contract. The use of differentiated massage techniques helps to increase muscle tone in case of hypotension and decrease them in case of spasticity of the articulatory muscles.

Reduced muscle tone: technique and massage techniques

Reduced muscle tone can be caused by Down syndrome, rickets, and other diseases that require activation of muscle groups. Speech therapy massage with reduced tone of the tongue is carried out in the classical technique, starting with the face. Each of the techniques is repeated up to ten times.

Stroking, rubbing techniques are performed, at the end they use tapping and tingling. A feature of the procedure will be an increasing pressure force, while the child should experience a comfortable feeling. Particular attention is paid to the muscles of the lips: each lip is massaged separately, the nasolabial folds are carefully worked out.

Massage with increased muscle tone: basic techniques and methods

Increased muscular excitation due to hypoxia, birth injuries, is stopped by a relaxing massage technique. Of the classical techniques, preference is given to strokes and vibrations.

Speech therapy massage with increased tone of the tongue begins in the collar zone, moves to the shoulders, then to the face, tongue and lips. To relax the tongue, a light massaging of the neck is carried out with the head turning left and right, counterclockwise and clockwise.

Massage is performed with slightly pressing, smooth, light movements. A series of smoothing techniques is carried out in the areas of the forehead, cheeks, eyes, chin, with the transition to the neck-collarbone area and back to the face (earlobes).

Relaxing speech therapy massage involves working out the muscles of the tongue using up-down and right-left swaying, smooth stroking of the edges and center. The direction of movement on the tongue is carried out to the root from the tip. At the end of the session, the tongue is pulled forward and movements are made to the sides.

The procedure for performing massage of the muscles of the tongue

Massage of the muscles of the tongue should be done in the supine position two hours before or after meals. The procedure is started by working out the gums with horizontal movements, then the movements along the gums change to vertical ones.

From the middle line, the palate is massaged with a finger, while the child can pronounce the sounds E and A. The exercise is duplicated up to 15 times.

Speech therapy massage of the tongue is carried out with the fingers of one hand, and the massaged organ itself is held by the phalanges of the second hand. To do this, use the techniques of stroking, patting, as well as grinding, vibration, tingling with a special probe, flattening the tongue with an enema-syringe.

To relax the muscle tissues of the tongue, vibrating movements are made under the lower jaw with the index finger in the area of ​​the submandibular fossa and at the angles of the jaw - for 15 seconds. Movements along the tongue muscles can be straight, circular, spiral, the directions of their movement are indicated in the figure.
Speech therapy mouth massage is an obligatory stage of preparation before starting a tongue massage.

About speech therapy massage with spoons

Effective for the process of speech formation in a child is a technique that uses ordinary spoons as a tool for LM. The procedure provides for the study of the surfaces of the face and neck with the convex side of the spoons, stroking and rubbing techniques.

Speech therapy massage with spoons can be carried out with children in a playful way. At the same time, massaging, which is performed by the child himself, has a pleasant effect, since the baby will not hurt himself. Different temperature spoons can be used for stimulating or relaxing massage effects.

This method can serve as a preparatory stage for probe and classical massages, to articulatory gymnastics. Also, during the procedure, the child learns the names of the parts of the face, the development of fine motor skills occurs.

When familiarizing themselves with the technique of conducting and the rules of massage with the help of spoons, parents will be able to perform it themselves at home, in particular if speech therapy massage is prescribed for children of two years.

Briefly about the massage technique for dysarthria

When eliminating dysarthria caused by damage to the nervous system, massage procedures on the lingual muscles and adjustment of sound pronunciation using articulation and breathing exercises are required. LM will contribute to the normalization of muscle tone and pronunciation of words, help to eliminate voice disorders. It is recommended to use a differentiated speech therapy massage.

With dysarthria, massage sessions activate and strengthen the labial muscles with acupressure technique. Before massaging the tongue, passive gymnastics is performed, relaxing and stretching the muscular basal tissues of the tongue. The duration of the procedure depends on the degree of the disease and the age of the patient.

Features of massage with alalia and rhinolalia

The group of speech disorders, called alalia, includes conditions in which the child's speech occurs with a strong delay (not formed). Stimulation of speech zones will effectively help LM techniques. To do this, the patient's face and hands are massaged to develop fine motor skills associated with speech function and brain activity.

Speech therapy massage for alalia begins with the study of the face using classical techniques: the frontal part - the eye sockets - the cheeks - the space between the eyebrows. Then the areas of the nose, mouth and tongue are massaged. After that, the hands are warmed up, starting from the back of the palm from the bottom up along the phalanges with the transition to the inside.

With changes in the timbre of the voice with distortion of sound pronunciation, caused by violations of the resonator function of the nasal cavity, massage procedures are also prescribed. Speech therapy massage for rhinolalia is aimed at activating the soft palate. To do this, with the help of the index finger on the border of the soft and hard palate, stroking and rubbing is performed for reflex contraction of the muscles of the palate and pharynx. Next, zigzag and point movements are made across the sky from right to left and back. Already in the early period, it is necessary to do speech therapy massage for infants and breathing exercises aimed at normalizing the muscle tone of the articulatory and respiratory organs. It is important to choose the optimal training program for the child and the position for manipulation.

Usually, a differentiated relaxing LM is performed for the face and articulation apparatus. The facial muscles and lips are worked out using the method of light smoothing, including the use of acupressure and hardware (vibration) massages. To relax the neck resort to passive movements head, and this partially relieves tension from the root of the tongue.

Speech therapy massage for children with cerebral palsy is aimed at strengthening and activating the muscles of the tongue. To do this, use a wooden spatula, which produces stroking and vibrating movements.

The main massage techniques are shown in the figures.

With a relaxing massage, to enhance this effect, you can put a warm compress on the patient's face five minutes before the procedure, for example, a towel soaked in water at 45℃ and thoroughly wrung out.

You need to use the right tools and equipment. To do this, you need to consult with speech therapists where they do speech therapy massage. The instrumental method is often used to massage the tongue, complementing manual massage techniques. But it is not worth replacing them completely, since only a speech therapist can determine the state of muscle tone, based on their feelings during the procedure.

Speech therapist. Defectologist. Speech therapy massage of the face and organs of articulation: Video

The appearance in the family of a small copy of mom or dad causes joy and tenderness. First, you look at his every fold and dash, and then you look forward to when he says the first word. As long as the baby only gurgles, there is no reason to worry. Growing up, the baby begins to master speech skills, but the development of the child is always individual. It may happen that your treasure will encounter certain difficulties in mastering speech. Apparent delay or various defects require timely correction. For the last ten years, in speech therapy, they have resorted to massage of the child's tongue - this massage is aimed at eliminating various articulation disorders and speech defects in children.

In what cases is it applied?

Massage is an ancient method of treating various ailments. Studying the human body, doctors from many countries found special points, by pressing on which it was possible to cure many diseases. The speech therapy version of massage for children works on the same principle. Certain points of the tongue, lips, ear lobes, cheeks and hands are subjected to manual influence. Such a massage is prescribed for children when they are diagnosed with the following congenital or acquired abnormalities:

• partial loss or slight impairment of voice;
• various speech defects;
• hypertonicity of the facial muscles (more in the article:);
• uncontrolled salivation;
• dysarthria (limited mobility of the lips, tongue, palate);
• problems in the development of articulatory muscles;
• (all types);
• strong tension of the facial muscles, causing pathology of pronunciation.

What problems does massage correct?

This article talks about typical ways to solve your questions, but each case is unique! If you want to know from me how to solve exactly your problem - ask your question. It's fast and free!

Speech therapy massage is represented by several types: probe massage by Novikova, massage according to Dyakova, Prikhodko, Krause. Using various techniques and techniques, they all perform the following tasks:

• normalize the tone and motility of the articulatory apparatus;
• increase the duration and force of exhalation;
• develop fine motor skills and hand manipulation;
• develop the rhythm of limb movement and breathing;
• develop visual differentiated movements;
• stimulate kinetic movements;
• improve emotional reactions;
• contribute to the development of manipulation of hands with objects;
• reduce the severity of stuttering (more in the article:);
• reduce manifestation.

Of course, the greatest effect is achieved when speech therapy massage is carried out by a trained specialist. If you do not have the opportunity to contact a specialist, you can learn some of the techniques of speech therapy massage on your own.

We have prepared for you a description of simple exercises that you can perform at home.

Hand massage techniques

Scientific evidence of the connection between fine motor skills and speech skills was obtained by physicians as early as the 14th century. The studies undertaken have shown that fine motor skills of the fingers are in direct connection with the functions of the brain. Scientists have also identified areas of responsibility for each finger of the hands:

• large is associated with the brain;
• index is responsible for the stomach;
• medium affects the spine and intestines;
• nameless helps the liver;
• the little finger works on the heart.

We will begin our training with finger exercises, especially since speech therapy finger massage is safe and beneficial for everyone, it can also be done on a newborn baby (see also:). It simultaneously contributes to the development of fine motor skills in children. Before you start massaging the baby's hands, let's take care of the hygiene of our own hands - be sure to disinfect them with alcohol or use sterilium, grease your palms with baby oil. Let's start massaging the brushes:

1. We work out the little finger from the nail to the base, kneading each joint well. We do the exercise on both handles.
2. We press the pads of all fingers 3-10 times. First, we make light pressure, then we increase the pressure and increase the number of pressures.
3. An exercise similar to a white-sided magpie. We massage the baby's palm with the index finger, making circular movements.
4. We use the same circular movements, but we lead the index finger from the edge to the center of the child's palm. We repeat the reception several times.
5. For this exercise, you need to take a ring massager. We put it on alternately on each finger, starting with the little finger.
6. We take a rubber ball with spikes or a special wooden massager. We lead the baby's palm from the wrist to the fingers.

Acupressure and circular massage of the tongue works on the development of the articulatory apparatus. How much your child needs it, it is better to find out from a specialist, consultation is also important for proper exercise. It is useful to watch the video at the end of the article.

At home, tongue exercises can be done with an electric toothbrush or with a set of Kampol children's toothbrushes (more in the article:). They will almost completely replace special speech therapy tools.

When massaging the tongue, circular and point movements alternate, each technique is repeated 3-10 times. Exercise examples:

• Pointwise massage the tongue, leading the brush from the base along the left edge, the tip of the tongue and along the right edge. "Writing" English letter U.
• We repeat the exercise. We make circular movements.
• We draw a toothbrush in a zigzag pattern, from the base to the tip, alternating circles and dots.
• We massage the edge on the left side, first dotted, then in circles. Repeat the exercise on the right side.
• We display the bird (V), starting from the bridle and ending at the tip (we recommend reading:). We “draw” the tails of the bird, first on the left side, then on the right. We alternate massage techniques.
• We lead two parallel lines - the left edge, then the right edge. We alternate movements, starting with point ones.

Lip massage

Children have different attitudes towards strange manipulations on the face - especially at the beginning of your classes, misunderstandings can arise. Try to calm the child, explain the benefits of massage. Do these exercises:

1. Place the tips of your index fingers on the wings of your nose. Stroke with pressure, guiding your fingers along the nasolabial folds. Repeat the movements 8-10 times.
2. Place your index fingers on the notch of the upper lip and spread them to the corners of the lips. The movement should be rubbing.
3. Do the same manipulation with the lower lip. Repeat both exercises 8-10 times.
4. Pinch your upper and lower lip alternately using your thumb and forefinger. Move your fingers from one corner to the other. The number of repetitions is 8-10 times.
5. We tap with the index finger above the upper and below the lower lip, making a circle in a clockwise direction. Exercises are performed in an active rhythm with an increase in the strength of movements.
6. Place your index fingers at the tips of your lips, first gather the upper lip, then the lower lip into an accordion. We repeat 8-10 times.

The completion of speech therapy massage is work with the ear lobes. 50 circular movements are performed - first in the left direction, then in the right direction. Between the thumb and forefinger, at their base, is a "speech point". We massage it in circular motions in the same way as the earlobe. After completing speech therapy massage, praise the child for patience, encourage him fun game or an interesting fairy tale. It is important that your manipulations bring pleasure to the baby, and not scare him.