How it's done, how it works, how it works. Revolver of the Nagant system Adoption of the revolver of the Nagant system by the tsarist army

The revolver of the Nagant system has forever entered the history of our country. The name has become a household name, applied to any combat revolver, and sometimes self-loading pistol. For many, he, along with Budyonovka and checker, is associated with the revolutionary movement of 1917. Then there was the First World War, then the Finnish, then the Great Patriotic War, but the revolver always served faithfully. There are many reasons for such popularity, however, according to military experts, the main ones are the reliability of the design and effectiveness for close combat. In total, more than 2 million were produced in our country alone. Until the beginning of the 50s, weapons were in service with the army and the police, until recently they were used by collectors and fighters of the Private Guard, and many pistols are older than their current owners by two, and sometimes even three times.

It was the model of the Nagant system of the 1886 model that became the canon. All subsequent modifications did not make significant changes to the design. In addition to combat, he found peaceful use- based on it, a sports and signal revolver was developed.

The history of the creation and development of the Nagant revolver

The history of the formidable weapon of the revolution begins in Belgium, the city of Liege, in a small family weapons workshop of the Nagant brothers. It was here that Emil, the eldest of the brothers, developed and then patented a drawing of a multi-shot combat revolver of his own design.

AT late XIX century, many countries faced the problem of rearming their armies. The most promising for that time were considered short-barreled firearms revolvers.

Since the weapon invented by the Belgians met the necessary requirements, the pistol was adopted under the name "Nagant M1877 Revolver". Positive reviews army officers contributed to the acquisition of the product and the Nagant brand of world fame. A somewhat revised and improved revolver was soon adopted by Norway, Sweden, Belgium, Brazil and Luxembourg.

In Russia, they also tried to follow global trends and prospects in the field military weapons. So, in 1879, a trial batch of seven-shot revolvers in a thousand pieces was ordered for the Russian Naval Ministry.

Improvement work was carried out constantly. In 1892, a model appeared in which best performance previously developed: a six-shot weapon, a 7.62 mm revolver caliber, a new double mechanism, which was cocked both automatically and by hand before firing. With all the modifications of the revolver, this mechanism has practically not undergone major modifications.

In 1895, he was adopted by Russia. Senior officers received a full-fledged pistol with an automatic platoon. For junior officers, to reduce costs, weapons were supplied that were cocked manually.

The first deliveries were made from Belgium, but three years later Tula set up its own production.

At Soviet power only models with a double (automatic) platoon were in service. Repeatedly, the weapon was recognized as obsolete. They tried to replace it with newer models, but it continued to be produced and was successfully used in the Finnish, Great Patriotic War. Only in the 50s of the 20th century were revolvers finally removed from service. But after that they for a long time were in great demand in the militarized guards, courier service, and collectors.

Nagan design features

Their undoubted merits- simplicity, reliability, accuracy of shooting - he received thanks to the features of the device of the revolver:

1. Equipping with a double-action trigger mechanism made it possible to fire a shot after an automatic cocking of the trigger. The exception was models for junior officers, which required a mechanical (manual) platoon;
2. Reliability has increased and the design itself has been simplified, which ensured accuracy of fire due to the solid, one-piece pistol frame;
3. A convenient mechanism for opening the drum chamber - the valve opened the drum by turning to the side. Strong fastening excluded unauthorized actions;
4. In the stowed position, the ramrod, with which the shells were ejected after firing, is partially hidden in the hollow axis of the drum. To extract it, it was necessary to pull it forward, then turn a special lever that rotates around the barrel;
5. The flat lid of the frame box concealed the mechanism and protected it from dust and moisture;
6. The drum served as a chamber and magazine. In the 1895 model of the year and most of its modifications, it held 7 rounds;
7. The drum was equipped return mechanism: spring and tube. On the frame itself, on the right, there was a locking bracket, which, when the drum was tilted, made it possible to equip it with cartridges, and when closed, it fixed the charge and prevented rotation in the opposite direction;
8. The problem of obturation (clogging) of the barrel bore during firing was successfully solved: when the trigger is cocked, the drum moves forward, the tail part of the barrel goes into its recess. In addition, the cartridge had a somewhat elongated sleeve hidden inside. The cylindrical part of the sleeve was narrowed; when the drum moved forward, it clogged the breech breech;
9. With a complete disassembly of the revolver arr. 1895, there are 41 details.

If you look at a modern look, how the revolver weapon was average: it had complex structure, required a lot of time to equip with cartridges, the ammunition was not very powerful. But for that time, he met all the requirements: he was reliable, had good shooting accuracy, so he was popular for many years.

The principle of operation of the revolver

The main parts and mechanisms of the seven-shot revolver of the Nagant system are:

• trunk;
• frame with handle;
• drum;
• dual-purpose trigger mechanism;
• drum feed and fixation mechanism;
• removal mechanism spent cartridges;
• sighting devices;
• fuse.

Preparation for a shot in this pistol occurs automatically, under the influence of gases exhausted after a shot. It was only necessary to initially cock the trigger. Further, the energy of the exhaust gases did all the work - it actuated the cocking mechanism, turning the drum to the next cartridge.

Shot. Pressing the trigger hook turned the drum clockwise, the trigger was cocked, a blow to the cartridge primer ignited the powder gases.

Technical characteristics of the revolver (TTX)

Cartridges for revolver Nagant

It used a revolving cartridge 7.62 × 38 mm. It has a flanged brass case with smokeless powder and a jacketed bullet. It is possible to use in revolvers of other brands, for example, Piper-Nagant. For that time, the cartridge had good combat characteristics, ballistic parameters.

This design of the cartridge made it possible to solve the main problem of revolvers of that time - the breakthrough of powder gases through the gap between the barrel cut and the end of the drum.

The main modifications of the revolver

Combat

• Nagant for non-commissioned officers and privates. The trigger mechanism had to be cocked mechanically. Issue discontinued in 1918;
• Nagant for officers. Automatic platoon USM;
• Carabiners. With non-removable stock, barrel length 300 mm. Revolver with detachable stock and extended barrel. Before the start of the First World War, a limited number was released for the border troops;
• "Commander's" revolver - issued in small batches (about 25 thousand) for employees of the NKVD and the OGPU. Designed for concealed carry: a shortened handle, the barrel is reduced to 85 mm. Created in 1927, produced until 1932;
• A revolver with a silencer, equipped with a silent-flameless firing device "BRAMIT" of the system of the brothers I. and V. Mitin. Produced for reconnaissance and sabotage units since 1929;
• Nagant wz. 30 - Polish version of the revolver model 1895, mass-produced from 1930 to 1939 at the factory in Radom. In Poland, 20 thousand Ng wz.32 and Ng wz.30 were produced.

Civil

• MMG Nagan. It was used as a collection souvenir model, a museum exhibit, as a stage property, study guide. No difference from the original, but can't shoot. The stigma "uch" is put;
• Carbine KR-22 "Falcon". Conversion development, which has a barrel extended up to 500 mm, a non-removable wooden butt, a wooden fore-end. Weight approximately 2 kg. Produced since 2010.

Sports

• "Nagan Grom" - a sports and training model of a revolver. A 4 mm caliber cartridge is used. Produced by SOBR LLC.

Signal

• VPO-503 "Nagan-S" ("Bluff"). Signal revolver. Designed in such a way that it excludes conversion into combat: the barrel is bored out, the drum chambers are changed to fit the primer caliber, the breech breech is muffled. The appearance of the original is completely preserved. Produced since 2006 at the Vyatka-Polyansky Molot plant.

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Nagan became legendary weapon due to its reliability, accuracy and popular popularity. The revolver of the Nagant system of the 1895 model became a legendary weapon. Having passed the First World, Civil, Soviet-Finnish, Patriotic and Japanese war, it continues to be in service as a service weapon.

The prototype of the famous Red Army Nagant was created in the Belgian city of Liege in a small family workshop under the proud name "Arms Factory Emile and Leon Nagant" ("Fabrique d'armes Emile et Leon Nagant"). The factory was founded in 1859 by the Nagant brothers, who repaired Dutch revolvers and along the way developed their own models of firearms.

In 1878, the eldest of the brothers, Emile Nagant, presented to the Belgian military department a six-shot "1878 revolver" of 9 mm caliber, equipped with the so-called "double action mechanism". The hammer was cocked either automatically by pulling the trigger, or manually. This allowed the Belgians to be armed with two models of a revolver: senior officers used weapons with a “self-cocking”, and non-commissioned officers, infantry, cavalry and auxiliary personnel were forced to manually cock the trigger after each shot. The latter version was called the "9-mm revolver Nagant M1883".

A serious flaw in the design of revolvers at that time was the breakthrough of powder gases between the breech cut of the barrel and the front end of the drum. In 1892, Leon Nagant designed the later classic model of the Nagant revolver with a powder gas obturation system, the principle of which was developed by the Belgian designer Henry Pieper.

Nagant revolver received wide recognition in the armies various countries. The Belgian model M1883, converted to the Swiss 7.5 mm cartridge, was adopted by the Luxembourg army. And the Swedish army not only bought Nagant revolvers of the 1886 model for a 7.5-mm cartridge, but also from 1897 began to produce them itself in the city of Huskvarna. Only in the period from 1898 to 1905. The Swedes produced 13,732 units of the Nagan M1887 revolver. The Serbs and Norwegians, in turn, also began to provide their army with the “model 1893” already modified by the Swedes. 12.5 thousand revolvers for Norway were produced in Liege, 350 units in Husqvarna and several units in the Norwegian Kongsberg. Even Navy Argentina ordered Nagant revolvers for American caliber .440 at German factories.

The appearance of high-quality rapid-fire weapons did not go unnoticed in Russia either. Just at the end of the 19th century. there is a need for massive rearmament Russian army. A competition was announced, the prize of which was a huge government order from Russian Empire for the supply of arms. Naturally, the most famous gunsmiths in the world hurried to take part in the competition. In accordance with the terms of the competition, Leon Nagan was again forced to remove the “self-cocking” and remake the weapon for the Russian 7.62-mm caliber. Nagant's main opponent was Henry Pipper with the M1889 "Bayar" revolver model. True, Nagan's life was facilitated by the fact that he had already received awards from the Russian military department - a bonus of 200 thousand rubles in gold based on the results of a rifle competition.

As a result, the Nagant revolver was recognized as the best. The gunsmith demanded for a patent for his revolver at that time a crazy amount - 75 thousand rubles. The Russian military did not pay, but appointed a second competition, while determining a premium of 20 thousand rubles for the design of the revolver, 5 thousand for the design of the cartridge, as well as Russia receiving all rights to the winning model, including production as at home, and abroad, without any additional payments inventor.

And again, the Nagant revolver turned out to be the best. At the request of the officers, the "double action mechanism" was returned. As a result, the Russian army, as well as the Belgian, received two versions of the Nagant revolver: an officer's double action and a soldier's non-self-cocking. The design of the revolver, already in the Russian version, was finally approved in the spring of 1895, and on May 13 of the same year, by decree of Nicholas II, the Nagant revolver was put into service.

True, under the terms of the contract, Russia was supposed to purchase 20,000 revolvers within three years, produced at the Leon Nagant and Co. factory in Luttihe (Liège, Belgium). But the Belgian side was obliged to provide tools and templates for launching the production of revolvers in Russia.

In 1897, Leon Nagant donated revolvers made by his own factory to the Tsar, Feldzeugmeister General Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich and the Minister of War, apparently hoping to receive additional orders for the supply of weapons from Belgium. However, in the same year, a decree was issued on the purchase of American and British machine tools for installation at the Imperial Tula Arms Plant, and by June 1901, 90,000 domestic-made revolvers had been produced. At the same time, if the purchase price of the Belgian revolver was 30-32 rubles, then the Tula "revolver" cost only 22 rubles 60 kopecks. The state order for the five-year plan from 1895 to 1904 amounted to 180 thousand weapons. In time, the manufacture of one such revolver took 30 machine-hours.

One of the first battle baptisms of the Russian version of the "revolver" occurred on June 3, 1900, when the Russian troops pacified the so-called "Boxer Rebellion" in China. The commander of the consolidated company of the 12th Siberian regiment, lieutenant Stankevich, shot two attacking Chinese soldiers.

In 1903, the production of revolvers dropped sharply. But when did it start Russo-Japanese War, the Tula gunsmiths were ordered to produce 64,830 revolvers, but only 62,917 units were produced. And according to the decision of the commission created after the war in 1908, revolvers began to be produced only by orders of specific military units.
Before World War I, on the basis of the 1895 revolver, a carbine with a barrel length of 300 mm and an integral butt and a revolver with a barrel length of 200 mm and a removable butt were developed. At the same time, the production of revolvers did not stop either during the revolutionary years, or during civil war. Nagant became the most famous revolutionary weapon, and in Russian the gunsmith's surname became a household name and any revolver was called a revolver. From 1918 to 1920 alone, 175,115 Nagant revolvers were produced.

In post-revolutionary Russia, the "officer" version of the revolver remained in service, with a double-action trigger mechanism (USM). The Nagant revolvers were recognized as obsolete only in 1930, after the TT pistol of 1930 was adopted. However, their production continued until the end of the Great Patriotic War, and even after that they still remained in service with private security (VOKhR), including the protection of railways.

In the 1920s, the Mitin brothers developed a revolver silencer - the so-called "Bramit device", which made it possible to successfully use the revolver during reconnaissance and sabotage operations of the Red Army during the war.

During the Great Patriotic War, the revolver was in service with the Red Army, the Polish Army, the 1st Czechoslovak Corps, the Romanian infantry division named after Tudor Vladimirescu, the Yugoslav Infantry Brigade, the French Normandie-Niemen Fighter Aviation Regiment. In total, more than 2 million revolvers of the Nagant system were produced in Russia.

Characteristics

The performance characteristics of the revolver Nagant

The Belgian brothers Nagant (Nagant) began developing revolvers back in the 1880s, and by 1894 they had received patents for a revolver with obturation of powder gases. In 1895, the revolver of the Nagant brothers system was put into service in tsarist Russia, and - in two versions - for officers and the police a conventional revolver with a double-action trigger was provided, and for the lower ranks the revolvers had a simplified single-action trigger. The first deliveries of revolvers to Russia were from Belgium, but since about 1898 the production of revolvers mod. 1895 (hereinafter, for brevity, I will simply call them Nagans) was established in Russia, in Tula. In Soviet Russia, they were officially in service and only revolvers with a double-action trigger were produced. Nagans were officially declared obsolete in Russia in 1930, with the adoption of the TT pistol mod. 1930, however, the production of Nagans continued until 1950, and revolvers mod. 1895 were widely used both in the war with Finland in 1940 and in the Great Patriotic war 1941-45 years. In total, more than 2 million revolvers of the Nagant system were produced in Russia, and they can still be found in service with the VOKhR (Private Security), including the protection of Russian Railways, while revolvers can be 2 to 3 times older than those who now wear them.

Based on the design of the revolver arr. In 1895, several sports revolvers were developed, both for the native 7.62 mm cartridge and for the 5.6 mm circular ignition cartridge.

Revolver Nagant arr. 1895 had a solid frame and an inseparable drum for 7 rounds of 7.62mm caliber. The trigger mechanism is double action, the long drummer is rigidly fixed on the trigger, the trigger is rebound. Loading and extraction are carried out one cartridge at a time through a hinged door on the right side of the frame, a special extractor rod is used for extraction, partially hidden in the stowed position inside the hollow axis of the drum. The extractor is transferred to the working position by pulling it forward and turning it on a special rocking lever that rotates around the barrel.

From a technical point of view, Nagan became obsolete already 5 years after being put into service - the latest revolvers of such systems as the Smith & Wesson Hand Ejector or Colt New Service, which had drums folded to the side, were simpler and had a greater practical rate of fire. However, revolvers mod. 1895 had certain interesting features, the main of which is the obturation mechanism between the drum and the barrel. In conventional revolvers, when fired, part of the powder gases breaks into the gap between the drum and the barrel when fired, but this problem was successfully solved in Nagant. When cocking the trigger, a special lever moved the drum slightly forward, while the tail of the barrel entered the recess in the drum. In addition, a special cartridge of 7.62mm caliber had an elongated sleeve that completely concealed the bullet inside. The sleeve muzzle was narrowed, and when moving the drum forward, it entered the breech breech, providing additional obturation. This design significantly complicated the revolver device and provided real advantages over traditional systems only if it became necessary to use a revolver with a silencer. Special silencers developed in the 1920s in Russia by the Mitin brothers (“Bramit device”) were successfully used by reconnaissance and sabotage and other units of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War.

In general, the revolver mod. The 1895 was overly complex, slow to load, and had a mediocre ammunition with little stopping power, but on the other hand it was very reliable, had good shooting accuracy and was popular with users.

Revolver Abadi


Revolver "Nagan" Russian production arr. 1895



Revolvers "Nagant" of Russian production arr. 1910



Revolver "Nagan", released in the USSR after the modernization of 1930



A shortened revolver "Nagan", manufactured for the command staff of the Red Army.

Design of parts and mechanisms

The revolver consists of the following parts and mechanisms: a barrel, a frame with a handle, a drum with an axle, a double-acting trigger, a mechanism for feeding cartridges and fixing the drum, a mechanism for removing spent cartridges, sights, fuse.

The device of the revolver "Nagant" (soldier's sample): 1 - barrel; 2 - frame; 3 - ramrod tube; 4 - ramrod; 5 - trigger guard; 6 - drum; 7 - movable tube; 8 - tube spring; 9 - axis of the drum; 10 - breech; 11 - slider; 12 - trigger; 13 - trigger; 14 - connecting rod; 15 - dog; 16 - mainspring; 17 - striker

The barrel inside has a channel with four rifling and a widening in the breech for the muzzle of the sleeve. Outside, the barrel has a threaded stub for connecting to the frame and a limiter belt for a ramrod tube (the belt has a cutout for the end of the tube tide and a line for installing a ramrod tube).


Trunk

Frame with handle

Frame consists of four walls and is integral with the handle.

The front wall has threaded channel for the barrel, a smooth channel for the drum axle and a cutout for the head of the drum axle.

The top wall has a groove for easy aiming.

The bottom wall has a recess for the passage of the belt of the drum, a semicircular cutout for the trigger guard, a threaded hole for the trigger guard screw, the axis of the trigger.

On the rear wall there is an aiming slot, a rear sight, a chute for facilitating insertion of cartridges into the drum, a rack of the drum door with a hole for a screw, a chute for a door spring with a hole for a screw, a drum shield that holds cartridges, a hole for the thin end of the drum axis, a window and a nest for the head of the breech, slot for the nose of the dog, slots for the slider, the axis of the breech.

The handle has an axis for the trigger, an axis for the tail of the trigger guard, a hole for the connecting screw with a side cover, a hole for the nipple of the mainspring.

Frame with a screwed-in barrel: 1 - barrel; 2 - groove; 3 - recess for the belt of the drum; 4 - notch for the front end of the trigger guard; 5 - threaded hole for the trigger guard screw; 6 - axis of the trigger; 7 - the axis of the trigger; 8 - aiming slot; 9 - scutellum; 10 - slot for the nose of the dog; 11 - vertical groove; 12 - hole for the connecting screw; 13 - threaded socket; 14 - a smooth hole for the nipple of the mainspring; 15 - back of the head; 16 - ring; 17 - trigger guard axis

Side cover The frame has two sockets for the axes of the trigger and the trigger, a recess for moving the pawl and a tube for the connecting screw.

The frame with the barrel, side cover and trigger guard make up the body of the revolver.

Side cover: 1 - socket for the trigger axis; 2 - socket for the end of the trigger axis; 3 - recess; 4 - tube with a channel for the connecting screw; 5 - wooden cheek

trigger guard has a semicircular cutout with a recess for a mounting screw and a tail with a hole for the axle.
Trigger guard: 1 - semicircular cutout; 2 - tail; 3 - hole

Drum with axle

Drum has a central channel for placing a movable tube with a spring and the end of the drum axis, a circular groove and a groove in the channel for the nipple of the drum tube, recesses to lighten the drum, a belt with recesses for the trigger nipple and notches for the door tooth, a notch with rims on the front wall, surrounding chambers, a ratchet wheel with cutouts for the nose of the dog.

Drum axle has a head for fixing it and a channel for a ramrod.

Drum: 1 - ratchet wheel; 2 - central channel; 3 - chamber; 4 - notch (top)
Drum axis: 1 - head; 2 - thin end; 3 - thick end

trigger mechanism

It consists of a trigger with a striker, a connecting rod with a spring, a trigger and a mainspring.

trigger consists of a notched knitting needle, a striker swinging on a hairpin, a toe with a combat platoon, a ledge and a combat ledge for contact with the mainspring, and a recess for the connecting rod with a spring.

connecting rod has a spout for contact with the trigger sear and a protrusion with a hole and limiting bevels for placement in the groove of the trigger.

Trigger has a cranked protrusion for raising and lowering the slider, a sear for cocking the trigger and self-cocking, a recess for the mainspring pen, a hole for the pawl, a tail for pressing when firing, a nipple for fixing the drum, a ledge for retracting the drum after a shot and a hole for axis.

Action spring lamellar, two-fingered, held in the frame with the help of a nipple. The top feather has a protrusion for pulling the trigger back with the help of the trigger ledge after the shot and a platform for contact with the trigger lug. The chainstay provides a forward trigger position and pawl retention.

Trigger with connecting rod: 1 - spoke; 2 - striker; 3 - tail; 4 - combat ledge; 5 - toe with a combat platoon; 6 - connecting rod; 7 - ledge (above)
Mainspring: 1 - ledge; 2 - top feather; 3 - platform; 4 - lower feather (in the middle)
Trigger: 1 - crankshaft; 2 - nipple; 3 - tail; 4 - hole for the axis of the dog; 5 - whispered; 6 - ledge (bottom)

Mechanisms for feeding cartridges, fixing the drum and locking

The mechanism includes the following parts: trigger, pawl, slider, breech, movable tube with a spring and a door with a spring.

Dog has a spout for contact with the teeth of the ratchet wheel and an axle, half cut, for placement in the trigger hole and contact with the lower feather of the mainspring.

crawler has a cutout at the top for the passage of the striker, and at the bottom - a recess for the cranked protrusion of the trigger.

Treasury. Its configuration consists of: a head with a channel for the passage of the striker, a bevel for tilting forward under the action of the slider, a protrusion for returning the slider to its original position and a hole for the axle.

movable tube has a ledge for resting its spring and a nipple for fixing in the opening of the drum.

Door. Its configuration consists of ears with holes for mounting on the frame stand, a nipple for fixing the drum when it is loaded, a tooth for limiting the rotation of the drum to the left when the door is closed.

Dog: 1 - spout; 2 - axis (top)
Slider: 1 - cutout for the passage of the striker; 2 - recess for the cranked protrusion of the trigger (right)


Movable tube and its spring: 1 - nipple; 2 - ledge (above)
Breech: 1 - head; 2 - ledge (right)


The door and its spring: 1 - nipple; 2 - ears; 3 - tooth

Spent cartridge case removal mechanism

The mechanism consists of a ramrod tube and a ramrod with a spring.

Cleaning tube has a tide with a channel for moving the ramrod, a protrusion to hold the drum axis, a cutout in the tide for the ramrod spring tooth, a hole for the ramrod spring screw.

Ramrod has a knurled head and stem with longitudinal and transverse grooves for the spring tooth.

The ramrod spring is lamellar and has a tooth for fixing the ramrod when entering the ramrod groove.

Shompolny tube: 1 - protrusion; 2 - high tide (above)
The ramrod and its spring: 1 - head; 2 - transverse groove; 3 - stem; 4 - longitudinal groove

Sights

They consist of a front sight and a slot (pillar) on the back wall of the frame.

The front sight is movable and has paws with which it slides into the groove of the front sight base on the trunk.

Front sight of a Soviet-made revolver. On the left - options for the front sights of revolvers produced at the Liege factory of Nagant (a) and at the Tula factory before 1917 (b)

Fuse

As a protection against random shots the upper feather of the mainspring protrudes, which, with its protrusion, presses on the ledge of the trigger and takes it to the rear position, removing the striker from the primer cartridge.

Work of parts and mechanisms

Starting position

The lowered trigger with the front protruding part rests against the slider and does not allow the striker, hidden in the channel of the breech head, to move towards the primer of the cartridge.

The mainspring, being in the smallest preload, with its feathers keeps the trigger and the tail of the trigger in the forward position, and the pawl is tilted forward.

The nose of the pawl protrudes from behind the rear wall of the frame and is adjacent to the beveled surface of the tooth of the ratchet wheel of the drum.

The cranked protrusion of the trigger lies on the cape of the trigger, its nipple is recessed inside the frame, and the ledge is retracted to the rearmost position.

The slider is located below the head of the breech and the front plane rests against the beveled protrusion of the breech.

The head of the breech is retracted to the rear position.

The drum is in the rear position and is fixed by the tooth of the door, the ledge of the trigger, the nose of the pawl, and the spring of the drum tube.

Between the front edge of the drum and the rear edge of the barrel, a gap was formed for the free passage of the barrels of the cartridges during the rotation of the drum.

The ramrod is fixed in the axis of the drum.

The trigger is cocked

To cock the trigger, press its spoke, turn it down to failure and release it. The trigger, turning on the axis, compresses the mainspring with its lugs, resting its toe against the cranked ledge of the trigger, turns it with its tail back and, sliding along the sear, jumps into the sear cutout with a platoon and stops. The trigger is cocked.

The trigger, turning under the pressure of the toe of the trigger, feeds up the pawl and the slider.

The dog, resting its spout against the edge of the tooth of the ratchet wheel of the drum, turns it 1/7 of the circle and sets the next cartridge against the barrel bore.

The slider, resting its upper part against the bevel of the breech head, turns it on the axis head first.

The breech, pressing the head on the head of the cartridge, forces the cartridge to enter the muzzle into the broadening of the bore.

The trigger nipple enters the notch of the drum belt and fixes it from turning.

The revolver is ready to fire.


The position of the parts of the revolver before the shot

Shot

To fire a shot, you must press the trigger.

When the trigger is pressed, it turns on the axis, its cranked protrusion rises and releases the cocking of the trigger from the sear cutout.

The trigger, under the influence of the mainspring, sharply turns on the axis and strikes with a striker on the cartridge igniter primer. After hitting the trigger, under the action of the mainspring on its ledge, it bounces back and leads the striker into the channel of the breech head, not allowing it to protrude from the breech.

Powder gases put pressure on the walls of the sleeve, causing it to expand and fit snugly against the walls of the drum and the annular broadening of the barrel. Complete obturation of powder gases is carried out.

The action of the parts of the revolver when fired

After the shot

After cessation of pressing the trigger, under the influence of the lower feather of the mainspring, it turns on the axis, lowers the pawl and the slider down, removes its nipple from the groove of the drum belt.

The dog, sliding its nose along the tooth of the ratchet wheel, jumps over the next tooth.

The slider, going down, presses on the protrusion of the breech, turns it, forcing its head to move back.

At the same time, the slider with its rear plane rests against the front protrusion of the trigger and takes it back even more along with the striker, protecting it from an accidental shot.

The drum, under the action of the spring of the movable tube and the ledge of the trigger, which presses on the belt of the drum, moves to the rear position.

self-cocking shot

In this case, all parts, except the trigger and hammer, work in the same way as when fired with a pre-cocked trigger by hand. Therefore, we will consider the interaction of only these details.

In order to fire a self-cocking shot, you only need to pull the trigger.

When the trigger is pressed, turning around the axis, it lifts up the cranked protrusion, which presses on the lower end of the connecting rod, trying to pull it forward and up.

The connecting rod, resting its shoulders against the front ledge of the trigger, rotates it around its axis, compresses the mainspring and cocks the trigger.

Further pulling the trigger causes the rounded end of the protrusion to jump off the end of the connecting rod and release the trigger. The trigger strikes the primer, and a shot is fired.

After releasing the pressure, the trigger under the influence of the lower feather of the mainspring takes its original position.

The cranked protrusion of the trigger, going down, presses on the front plane of the connecting rod and, pulling the connecting rod back, compresses its spring. When the crankshaft passes the end of the connecting rod, the connecting rod, under the action of its spring, moves to the forward position and its lower end again becomes above the rounded part of the cranked protrusion of the trigger.

Revolver disassembly and assembly

Partial disassembly and assembly

1. Push the cleaning rod forward to the full by turning it by the head.

2. Remove the drum axle by sliding the ramrod tube to the line.

3. Remove the drum from the frame by opening the door.

Assembly is carried out in the reverse order.

Incomplete disassembly of the revolver: a - removal of the ramrod; b - extraction of the drum axis; c - removing the drum

Complete disassembly and assembly

1. Make an incomplete disassembly of the revolver.

2. Remove the movable tube of the drum with the spring by turning it until the mark matches the groove.

3. Unscrew the connecting screw of the handle.

4. Separate the cover from the frame by tapping on it.

5. Put the trigger on the combat platoon.

6. Screw the connecting screw into the threaded socket of the handle.

7. Separate the trigger from the frame by pressing the trigger.

8. Take out the dog.

9. Remove the trigger from the axle.

10. Separate the slider from the frame.

11. Separate the breech from the frame by pressing on its lower end.

12. Release the mainspring by holding the trigger guard with your left hand after unscrewing the screw.

13. Separate the trigger guard.

14. Pull the connecting screw out of the handle.

15. Separate the door and its spring by unscrewing the screws. Complete disassembly of the revolver: a - removal of the movable tube with a spring; b - unscrewing the connecting screw; c - compartment of the side cover; g - screwing in the connecting screw; e - removal of the trigger from the axis; e - extracting the dog; g - removal of the trigger; h - separation of the slider; and - removal of the breech; k - release of the mainspring; l - removal of the trigger guard; m - unscrewing the door screw; n - ramrod compartment.

The revolver of the Nagant system of the 1895 model, caliber 7.62 mm, consists of the following main parts and mechanisms:
1. frame with cover;
2. barrel with front sight;
3. ramrod tube with ramrod;
4. drum with axle and return device;
5. locking mechanism;
6. spring door;
7. trigger guard.



The body of the revolver is composite, consists of a barrel and a frame, which are firmly connected to each other by a screw connection, a ramrod in a ramrod tube, a removable side cover and a trigger guard.

The barrel is stepped, has a cylindrical shape. In the muzzle of the barrel there is a massive ledge, which is the base of the front sight, the front sight is fixed in the dovetail groove.

The bore is rifled with four right-handed grooves.

The breech has a thread for connection with the frame, the breech also has a neck and a belt with a cutout for attaching a ramrod tube.

The ramrod tube is put on the neck of the barrel and rotates on it, as on an axis. The rotation of the ramrod tube is limited within the movement of the tide in the cutout of the girdle of the trunk. In the ramrod tube there is a ramrod (a long rod with a head, longitudinal and transverse grooves) with a stopper, which is a spring screwed to the ramrod tube with a screw.

In combat position ramrod revolver Nagant retracted inside the frame and drum, and the tooth of the retaining spring entered its transverse ramrod. In the position for unloading, the ramrod together with the ramrod tube was turned to the right until it stops and stood coaxially with the discharged drum chamber.

The frame of the Nagant revolver is closed, it is a milled part of a complex geometric shape, in which there were many pressed axles for attaching other parts of the weapon. The upper front part of the frame has a threaded hole for winding the barrel.

The revolver handle was formed by the rear curved part of the frame, a removable side cover and wooden cheeks with a gasket. The side cover was screwed to the frame with a connecting screw. In the central part of the frame there is a rectangular window to accommodate the drum. Details of the trigger mechanism are located in the handle and the rear of the frame. At the top of the frame there is an aiming slot.

The trigger guard is located at the bottom of the frame and is connected to it with an axle pressed into the frame and a screw.

The drum has seven chambers for placing cartridges. The outer surface of the drum has valleys, seven notches for the rear protrusion of the trigger and seven sockets for the door prong.

To interact with the pawl, on the rear end of the drum there is a ratchet wheel made integral with seven teeth, as well as seven grooves for the protrusion of the open door. The front end of the drum has grooves to accommodate the protrusion of the barrel when it is pushed onto the drum. The drum axis has a profile head and is installed in the frame holes, the drum axis is held by a ramrod tube installed in front of the drum axis head with its tide.
The return device consists of a spring and a drum tube located in the central channel of the drum. It is thanks to the tube that the drum can move in a horizontal plane along the axis.
The drum has a stopper, which was a door with an axis-screw and a door spring with a screw. The drum door is located on the right side of the revolver frame and rotates on an axis fixed in the door lugs and the revolver frame rack. The door can be in two positions, which are fixed by a spring. In the closed position, it closed the chamber located opposite the door, preventing the cartridge from falling out. At the same time, a tooth of the door rests against the groove of the drum belt, preventing it from turning to the left. In the open position, the door leans to the right and down, providing free access to the drum chamber, while the protrusion of the door entered the end recesses of the drum and fixes it for loading and unloading.

The Nagant revolver has a trigger and locking mechanisms, which consist of a mainspring, a breech, a trigger with a pawl, a slider, a trigger with a connecting rod.
The breech is located in the rear wall of the frame window in a special frame slot and rotates in it on an axis that is pressed into the frame. The massive head of the breech is located in the nest and rests against the bottom of the cartridge case, and the protrusion of the breech interacting with the slider is directed downwards. The head of the breech has a channel for the passage of the hammer striker with walls inclined forward downwards and a bevel for the stop of the slider.
In the grooves of the frame and cover, the slider moves vertically and has a channel on top for the passage of the trigger: the lower part of the channel is beveled; the tail of the slider has a recess for the cranked trigger; the bevel acts on the protrusion of the breech.

In the assembled revolver, the slider is placed behind the breech and, when moving up the wall of the groove for the trigger, presses on the bevel of the breech, causing it to turn, and stands behind the back surface of the breech head. When the breech is turned, its head moves forward, and when the revolver is loaded, it presses on the bottom of the cartridge, compresses the return spring of the drum, advances (together with the dog) the entire drum forward, while the sleeve enters the barrel chamber with its muzzle, and the barrel stump enters the groove on the front end of the drum, which prevents the breakthrough of powder gases when fired. Moving down, the slider releases the breech, then its bevel acts on the protrusion of the breech, turning the breech and moving it away from the drum. The drum, freed from the breech as the slider lowers, returns back under the action of its return spring and the front tooth of the trigger. The muzzle of the sleeve exits the chamber of the barrel, after which the drum is free to rotate for the next shot.

Trigger - a complex shape, located at the bottom in the socket of the frame and rotated in it on an axis that is pressed into the right wall of the frame, the trigger has a shank, a cranked protrusion designed to interact with the slider, a protrusion to limit rotation, a sear to hold the trigger cocked position, an oval head for action on the crank arm. There is a hole to accommodate the pawl rod, and a notch to accommodate the lower feather of the mainspring. The pawl is placed on the trigger on the left side and has a rod to connect to the trigger. The rod has a cut end to stop the lower feather of the mainspring. In the assembled revolver, the cranked protrusion of the trigger fits into the notch of the slider, forcing the latter to move when the trigger is turned. When the trigger is pressed, the slider rises, and when released from the pressure, it falls down. The pawl, passing through the through groove of the rear wall of the frame window, engages with the teeth of the ratchet wheel of the drum with its spout. When the trigger is pressed, the pawl causes the drum to rotate 1/7 of a turn and simultaneously move forward, and when the trigger is released, the pawl jumps to the next tooth of the ratchet wheel. The pawl prevents the drum from turning to the left with its ratchet clutch, both when the trigger is pressed and when the trigger is released. When the trigger is pressed, its rear protrusion enters the recess of the drum belt and. resting against its wall, limits the rotation of the drum to the right. Thus, when the trigger is released, the drum is in the rear position and can freely rotate to the right. From rotation to the left, the drum is stopped first by the tooth of the door, and then by the spout of the dog. When the trigger is pressed at the time of the shot in the forward position, it is completely locked.

The Nagant revolver has an open trigger, consisting of the following parts: a striker swinging on a pin, cocking spokes, a spring-loaded connecting rod for self-cocking and breaking the trigger, cocking, a ledge for compressing the mainspring, a cut platform for resting the top feather of the mainspring and a shank for closing the nest from above trigger frames. The trigger is placed on the right wall of the frame behind the slider and rotates on an axis that is pressed into the wall of the frame. The hammer striker passes through the through slots of the slider, breech and frame. The connecting rod is placed above the oval head of the trigger and interacts with it, the cocking is below the sear.
The V-shaped mainspring is located inside the handle of the revolver and is attached to the right wall of the frame with its spike, which enters the hole in the frame. The top pen at its end has a finger to act on the beveled platform of the trigger and an oval ledge to interact with the ledge of the trigger.
The thin end of the lower feather of the mainspring in the assembled revolver is placed in the trigger recess. Acting on the cut of the pawl rod, the thin end of the lower feather causes the trigger to turn and take the forward position with the pawl lowered down, and the pawl to turn and press more tightly against the ratchet wheel of the drum. The lower feather also rests on the trigger guard. The top feather with his finger presses on the trigger pad, forcing the trigger to turn slightly back and take the striker away from the primer; the oval protrusion of the upper feather of the mainspring lies under the ledge of the trigger, and interacting with it when cocked.nagant.info

Nagan revolver mnenevlom wrote on June 2nd, 2015

This is a revolver of the Nagant system of the 1895 model. It was developed by Belgian gunsmiths - brothers Emil and Leon Nagant, and was produced in Russia at the Tula Arms Plant. Yes, and many other places. I will not dwell on its history in detail (for those who are interested, go ahead to Wikipedia, although there are more interesting descriptions this story), but just talk about what he has inside.



So, the Nagant is a rather late release (this particular one is from the forties of the last century). Caliber 7.62 mm. Double action trigger mechanism. Ammunition: drum for seven rounds. Muzzle velocity: 270 m/s. Sighting range - 50 m. Rate of fire: seven shots in 15-20 seconds

Before starting disassembly, make sure that our revolver is not loaded. To do this, open the door on the right side of the revolver and, turning the drum, inspect all its cells - chambers. By the way, unlike most other revolvers, you can load and unload the revolver only through this door. One cartridge! This is the main drawback of its design. Why did the Russian military once turn a blind eye to him, read in the link I once provided.

We turn the ramrod around its axis and push it forward.

We take the extended ramrod to the right and release the axis of the drum. Now it can simply be pulled forward.

The drum is not supported by anything else. It can be squeezed out of the frame to the side.

By and large, the disassembly of the revolver is completed. But it's only, so-called, " incomplete disassembly"Let's go further.

To do this, we already need a tool. Especially for such cases, a regular screwdriver with a large wooden handle was included with the revolver (I don’t know where and how it was supposed to be worn). But we will not disturb the historical instrument once again and will use the modern one. We unscrew the upper (!) Screw on the right cover of the revolver.

The screw itself is on the right, and it holds the left cover of the frame. When you unscrew it, the cover can be removed and you can see the firing mechanism of the revolver. Here he is, in front of you.

Now you need to remove the V-shaped mainspring. This is not easy to do - it is tight, and if you stupidly pry it with a screwdriver, you can get it on your forehead!

The removed spring allows you to pull the trigger. On this copy of the revolver, the trigger itself is a separate design. In addition to the drummer, a connecting rod with a spring is attached to it (we will not remove it - there is a very small screw there). This is precisely the part that distinguished the self-cocking "officer's" revolver from the non-self-cocking "soldier's". Yes, in the tsarist army, there were two modifications of the revolver in service, which differed only in the design of the trigger. From the officer it was possible to shoot simply by pressing the trigger over and over again until the drum was empty, and on the soldier before each shot it was necessary to cock thumb trigger. It was once believed that this allows you to save cartridges - they say, cocking the trigger, the soldier will once again think about whether it is worth shooting at all ...

We continue to disassemble the trigger mechanism. We extract the dog - it is simply removed from the trigger. The dog is the most important part of the revolver. And very typical. She turns the drum with each shot, substituting another cartridge under the drummer. And she also shifts the drum forward, "pushing" it onto the barrel. This ingenious solution avoids the breakthrough of powder gases into the gap between the barrel and the drum. Unlike revolvers of other designs, when fired, this gap simply does not exist here!

It's time to unscrew the second screw from the right cover. He holds the trigger guard. In principle, it does not interfere with us, I just want to show that it is also removable.

We take the bracket to the sides. Removing the trigger is still more convenient.

They removed the trigger - it just sits on the axle.

We pull down the slider (by the way, it is also slightly different in the "soldier's" revolver) and release the breech. During the shot, the bottom of the sleeve rests against him and he, together with the dog, moves the entire drum forward.

Now almost everything! I did not pull out the spring-loaded sleeve from the drum and did not remove the handle lining. They are wooden here and already quite dilapidated, and the screws holding them are tightened wholeheartedly. I was afraid to hurt. Also, I did not unscrew the barrel. It is impossible to do this on this particular instance of the revolver. Everyone who is at least in general terms familiar with the "Law on weapons ...", they will understand why. To the rest, I'll just say - it's not right!

Here, the picture is especially for the champions of law and order - I am a law-abiding citizen.

And in the end, just in case, I will give the scheme itself, whatever it is, complete disassembly. It is also called the "explosion diagram" because the object on it seemed to explode!

The revolver consists of the following parts and mechanisms: a barrel, a frame with a handle, a drum with an axle, a double-acting trigger, a mechanism for feeding cartridges and fixing the drum, a mechanism for removing spent cartridges, sights, a fuse.

Details of the revolver "Nagant": 1 - front sight; 2 - trunk; 3- ramrod tube; 4 - frame; 5- aiming slot; 6 - drum axis; 7- movable tube; eight- spring; 9- drum; ten- door; eleven- screws; 12- door spring; 13- connecting screw; 14 - striker; fifteen- striker pin; 16- trigger; 17- connecting rod; eighteen- spring; 19- action spring; twenty- slider; 21 - breech; 22- dog; 23 - trigger; 24 - trigger guard; 25 - ramrod; 26- ramrod spring; 27 - side cover; 28 - insert; 29- cheeks; 30 - ring.

The barrel of the revolver "Nagant".

Frame with a screwed barrel of the Nagant revolver: 1 - barrel; 2- groove; 3- notch for the belt of the drum; four- notch for the front end of the trigger guard; 5- threaded hole for the trigger guard screw; 6- trigger axis; 7- trigger axis; eight- aiming slot; 9 - shield; ten- slot for the nose of the dog; eleven- vertical groove; 12- hole for connecting screw; 13 - threaded socket; 14 - a smooth hole for the nipple of the mainspring; fifteen- back of the head; 16 - ring; 17 - axis of the trigger guard.

The barrel of the revolver "Nagant"

The barrel inside has a channel with four rifling and a widening in the breech for the muzzle of the sleeve. Outside, the barrel has a threaded stub for connecting to the frame and a limiter belt for a ramrod tube (the belt has a cutout for the end of the tube tide and a line for installing a ramrod tube).

Frame with the handle of the revolver "Nagant"

The frame consists of four walls and is integral with the handle. The front wall has a threaded channel for the barrel, a smooth channel for the drum axle and a cutout for the drum axle head. The top wall has a groove for easy aiming. The bottom wall has a recess for the passage of the belt of the drum, a semicircular cutout for the trigger guard, a threaded hole for the trigger guard screw, the axis of the trigger. On the rear wall there is an aiming slot, a rear sight, a chute for facilitating insertion of cartridges into the drum, a rack of the drum door with a hole for a screw, a chute for a door spring with a hole for a screw, a drum shield that holds cartridges, a hole for the thin end of the drum axis, a window and a nest for the head of the breech, slot for the nose of the dog, slots for the slider, the axis of the breech. The handle has an axis for the trigger, an axis for the tail of the trigger guard, a hole for the connecting screw with a side cover, a hole for the nipple of the mainspring. The side cover of the frame has two sockets for the axes of the trigger and the trigger, a recess for moving the pawl and a tube for the connecting screw. The frame with the barrel, side cover and trigger guard make up the body of the revolver. The trigger guard has a semicircular cutout with a recess for the mounting screw and a tail with a hole for the axle.

Side cover of the Nagant revolver: 1- nest for the axis of the trigger; 2- socket for the end of the trigger axis; 3- outlet; 4 - tube with a channel for the connecting screw; 5 - wooden cheek.

Drum with the axis of the revolver "Nagant"

The drum has a central channel for placing a movable tube with a spring and the end of the axis of the drum, a circular groove and a groove in the channel for the nipple of the drum tube, recesses to lighten the drum, a belt with recesses for the trigger nipple and notches for the door tooth, a notch with rims on the front wall , surrounding chambers, a ratchet wheel with cutouts for the nose of the dog. The axis of the drum has a head for its fixation and a channel for the ramrod.

The trigger mechanism of the revolver "Nagant"

It consists of a trigger with a striker, a connecting rod with a spring, a trigger and a mainspring.

Trigger guard revolver "Nagant": 1- semicircular cut; 2- tail; 3- hole.

Drum revolver "Nagant": 1- ratchet wheel; 2- central channel; 3- chamber; four- excavation.

The axis of the drum revolver "Nagant";/ - head; 2 - thin end; 3- thick end.

The trigger with the connecting rod of the revolver "Nagant":I - spoke; 2- striker; 3- tail; 4 - combat ledge; 5 - toe with a combat platoon; b- connecting rod; 7- ledge.

The trigger consists of a knitting needle, a striker swinging on a hairpin, a toe with a combat platoon, a ledge and a lure for contact with the mainspring, and a recess for the connecting rod with a spring. The connecting rod has a nose for contact with the trigger sear and a protrusion with a hole and limiting bevels for placement in the trigger groove. The trigger has a cranked protrusion for raising and lowering the slider, a sear for cocking the trigger and self-cocking, a recess for the mainspring pen, a hole for the pawl, a tail for pressing when firing, a nipple for fixing the drum, a ledge for retracting the drum after the shot and an axle hole. The mainspring is lamellar, two-pronged, held in the frame with a nipple. The top feather has a protrusion for pulling the trigger back with the help of the trigger ledge after the shot and a platform for contact with the trigger lug. The chainstay provides a forward trigger position and pawl retention.

The mainspring of the revolver "Nagant":I - ledge; 2- top feather; 3- area; four- bottom pen.

Trigger revolver "Nagant": 1- crank protrusion; 2-nipple; 3- tail; four- hole for the axle of the dog; 5- whispered; 6 - ledge.

Dog revolver "Nagant": 1- nose; 2- axis.

Slider revolver "Nagant": 1- cutout for the passage of the striker; 2-recess for the cranked protrusion of the trigger.

Mechanisms for feeding cartridges, fixing the drum and locking the Nagant revolver.

The mechanism includes the following parts: trigger, pawl, slider, breech, movable tube with a spring and a door with a spring. The pawl has a spout for contact with the teeth of the ratchet wheel and an axle, half cut, for placement in the trigger hole and contact with the lower feather of the mainspring.

Movable tube and its spring revolver "Nagant": 1- nipple; 2- ledge.

Revolver breech "Nagant": 1- head; 2- ledge.

The door and its spring revolver "Nagant": 1- nipple; 2- ears; 3-tooth

The slider has a cutout at the top for the passage of the striker, and at the bottom - a recess for the cranked protrusion of the trigger. Treasury. Its configuration consists of: a head with a channel for the passage of the striker, a bevel for tilting forward under the action of the slider, a protrusion for returning the slider to its original position and a hole for the axle. The movable tube has a ledge for resting its spring and a nipple for fixing in the opening of the drum. Door. Its configuration consists of ears with holes for mounting on the frame stand, a nipple for fixing the drum when it is loaded, a tooth for limiting the rotation of the drum to the left when the door is closed.

The mechanism for removing spent cartridges of the revolver "Nagant"

The mechanism consists of a ramrod tube and a ramrod with a spring. The ramrod tube has a tide with a channel for moving the ramrod, a protrusion to hold the drum axis, a cutout in the tide for the tooth of the ramrod spring, a hole for the screw of the ramrod spring. The ramrod has a knurled head and a stem with longitudinal and transverse grooves for the spring tooth. The ramrod spring is lamellar and has a tooth for fixing the ramrod when entering the ramrod groove.

Sights revolver "Nagant"

They consist of a front sight and a slot (pillar) on the back wall of the frame. The front sight is movable and has paws with which it slides into the groove of the front sight base on the trunk.

Fuse revolver "Nagant"

The upper feather of the mainspring acts as a fuse against accidental shots, which, with its protrusion, presses on the ledge of the trigger and takes it to the rear position, removing the striker from the primer-cartridge.