Weapons and military equipment. The latest weapons of the Russian army: the best

WEAPON ( military), devices and means used in armed struggle to defeat and destroy the enemy. Serves both for attack and for defense (defense), weapons have been known since ancient times. It appeared during the primitive communal system (according to the archeological periodization, it mainly coincides with the Stone Age) as a means of hunting, as an instrument of attack and defense in the process of obtaining food and clothing, that is, it was a kind of tools. Later, during the period of the disintegration of the tribal system, the emergence of private ownership of the means of production and the division of society into antagonistic classes, weapons become a means specially created for armed struggle.
The state and development of weapons to a decisive extent depends on the mode of production and, especially on the level of development of the forces. F. Engels wrote: “Nothing depends on economic conditions so much as the army and navy. Armament, composition, organization, tactics and strategy depend, first of all, on what has been achieved in this moment production steps.

The first types of weapons used in the early Paleolithic (in the other Stone Age, about 1 million 800 thousand - 35 thousand years ago) included a primitive club mace, wooden a spear , stones. With the transition to the late Paleolithic (about 35-10 thousand years ago), the technique of stone processing underwent radical changes. Spears appeared and dart with flint and bone tips, sling. At the end of this era, they used spear throwers, significantly increased the range of the spear. That is, in the Paleolithic there already existed shock and throwing B weapon Mesolithic (transitional era from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic) began to spread onion and arrows - one of the most important inventions of mankind in the era of tribal society. In the Neolithic (New Stone Age), new types of weapons appeared - a stone ax, dagger of stone and bone mace with a stone head. Development weapon led to the creation protective weapons.
The discovery of the properties of copper in the Eneolithic (Copper Stone Age) and the manufacture of bronze (in the Bronze Age), which coincided with the formation of early class societies, marked the beginning of a new stage in the history of weapons. Specialized military weapons began to be made - bronze (later iron) swords. coinage (war hammer, klevets), spears and more Steel arms . The main role in battles goes to the sword, the decisive importance of which for the wars of the era of barbarism F. Engels compared with the role of the bow for the era of savagery and firearms for the age of civilization. There is a division of some types of weapons (sword, spear) into infantry (gladius, pilum) and cavalry (spat, hasta). The appearance of protective structures caused the creation of throwing machines and siege technology. The development of the bow led to the creation crossbow and crossbow, a knife appears halberd and other types of edged weapons. Starts to be used greek fire, mainly for setting fire to enemy ships in naval combat. An important stage in the development of weapons is associated with the use of gunpowder as a propellant and the emergence firearms. One of the first examples of firearms was modfa, appeared among the Arabs in the 12th century. AT Western Europe and in Russia firearms weapon known since the 14th century. Artillery guns of that time were smooth-walled pipes (trunks) forged from metal, mounted on wooden machines. Loading was carried out from the muzzle of the barrel, ignition of the powder charge through a special pilot hole. The shells were arrows, logs, stones, later - stone cannonballs. For firing at manpower, stone buckshot was also used, which was poured into the bore on top of the propellant charge. First samples small arms(in Russia - manual squeaker (manual), in France - petrinal, in Spain - pedernal ) in design differed little from art. guns. They were smooth-bore, muzzle-loading, had a straight stock and fired spherical bullets. The powder charge was ignited by hand from a smoldering wick. With the advent and development of firearms, edged weapons and throwing machines are undergoing changes and are gradually losing their significance. By the end of the 14th century the sword in Russia gave way saber, and in Zap. Europe has been pushed out sword. At the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of modern times, they found application ax and reed, as well as varieties of mace - shestoper, pepper, brush.

Importance in development artillery played the transition in the 15th-16th centuries. to the manufacture of barrels from cast iron and bronze and to the use of cast iron and lead cannonballs for firing. This made it possible to reduce the caliber of the guns, making them lighter and more mobile. The use of grained powder simplified loading and increased the rate of fire. However, there was a great variety in the arrangement of tools. So, in Russia in the 16-17 centuries. were armed with squeaks, mozhzhirs (mortars), howitzers (howitzers), shotguns, mattresses, mounted guns etc. In order to increase the rate of fire, multi-barreled guns were used - organs. With the introduction of the concept weapon caliber and the improvement of production in the 18th century, a clearer systematization of artillery pieces was established. In the middle of the 18th century, Russia developed unicorns. In the first half of the 19th century, bombing cannons appeared that fired explosive shells weighing more than a pound (bombs) and were in service mainly with naval and coastal artillery.
Small arms during their development stood out as an independent type of firearms. This was due to the need to have it lighter and more maneuverable. In the 15th century there were guns with wick castle (in the West - arquebus, in Russia - manual squeaks of 12.5-18 mm caliber). At the same time, muzzle-loading smoothbore pistols how self defense weapon. At the beginning of the 16th century, more powerful matchlock guns began to be used - muskets, 20-23 mm caliber. Of great importance for the development of small arms was the transition from matchlocks to wheel (late 15th century) and flintlock (16th century) locks. With the creation of a flintlock and a bayonet (17th century), the type of infantry smooth-bore muzzle-loading gun, which was in service with armies until the middle of the 19th century, finally took shape. Rearmament of the Russian army, on such guns (fuzei) was produced in 1706-09, and at the beginning of the 19th century (1808-09) a single caliber was established for all guns - 7 lines (17.78 mm).
Transition to rifled barrels determined the qualities, a leap in the development of firearms. Rifle made it possible to increase the range and accuracy of fire and to use oblong rotating projectiles, which have a greater effectiveness at the target compared to spherical projectiles of smooth-bore artillery. The first samples of small arms, with screw rifling, were created back in the 16th century (screw squeakers and guns, union )artillery pieces in the 17th century. However, due to the complexity of manufacturing and the difficulty of loading, such weapons did not become widespread until ser. 19th century. The invention in the 1st half of the 19th century of the percussion composition and primer as a means of igniting a propellant charge, a paper (in the 60s metal) unitary cartridge, the improvement of locks and the creation of shutters significantly facilitated the loading of weapons and increased their rate of fire. The widespread rearmament of armies and fleets with rifled breech-loading guns, rifles, carbines was carried out in the 1960s. 19th century, when the achieved levels of development of production and scientific and technological progress ensured the necessary conditions their development and production in large quantities. At the beginning of the 19th century in Russia and other countries, powder rockets and various devices were developed and put into service, which were used in a number of wars and battles. However, due to the insufficiently high level of development of science and technology, they were not improved, and due to the growth of the firepower of artillery, they temporarily lost their significance, reviving on new basis in the 30s. 20th century. In the middle of the 19th century mines entered service with armies and navies , and then torpedoes.
In the 2nd floor. 19th century there is a further development and improvement of firearms. Invention during this period of smokeless gunpowder led to a sharp increase weapon rate of fire and firing range.
A type of rapid-fire artillery gun was created (Russian 2.5-inch cannon by V. S. Baranovsky (1877) and 76-mm cannon model 1902, French 75-mm cannon model 1897, etc.), which had almost all nodes and units that exist in modern guns. Reducing the caliber of the rifle weapons, appears shop weapons. One of the best examples of this weapons was a 7.62 mm rifle mod. 1891, developed by S. I. Mosin. An important stage in the development weapons was the creation automatic weapons (automatic cannon, machine gun, etc.), which spread rapidly and had a significant impact on the forms and methods of warfare. During the Russian Japanese war 1904-05 Russian army for mounted shooting from the sea. guns used an over-caliber mine. Such a tool is called mortar. Subsequently, mortars were developed and put into service in other armies as well.
During the First World War, new types of weapons arose and old ones were improved. Together with tanks and planes, aviation appeared. and tank machine guns of 7.62-7.9 mm caliber, tank guns of 37-75 mm caliber and aviation bombs. To combat enemy aircraft, they began to create anti-aircraft guns. One of the first anti-aircraft guns was the Russian 76-mm anti-aircraft gun mod. 1915. Initially, mainly light field artillery guns with conventional shells were used against tanks. The navies of various states began to use against submarines depth charges and diving art. shells, in the sea. aviation - bombs and torpedoes. During the war, German troops were the first to use flamethrowers and chemical weapon: chlorine (1915), phosgene (1916), mustard gas and poisonous fumes (1917). Chemical weapons were also used by the Entente troops.
Before the 2nd World War, the development of weapons went along the path of creating new, more advanced field and naval artillery guns (including semi-automatic and automatic anti-aircraft guns), aviation, tank and anti-tank guns, mortars, self-propelled guns, anti-tank rifles, samples of small arms automatic weapons (rifles, pistols, submachine guns, light, heavy and heavy machine guns, including aviation, tank and anti-aircraft guns). In 1936 into service Soviet army 7.62-mm automatic rifle ABC-36 designed by S. G. Simonov was adopted, then 7.62-mm self-loading rifles mod. 1940 designs by F. V. Tokarev. In 1938, the troops received a large-caliber 12.7 mm DShK machine gun designed by V. A. Degtyarev and G. S. Shpagina, at the beginning of 1941 - 7.62 mm PPSh submachine gun Shpagin's designs. All this significantly increased the proportion of automatic weapons. Modern combat aircraft equipped with 7.62-mm ShKAS aviation machine guns designed by B. G. Shpitalny and I. A. Komaritsky and 20-mm aviation. ShVAK cannons designed by Shpitalny and S. V. Vladimirov (cannon fire rate - 3000 rds / min). In the period 1936-40, new 76-mm divisional guns and a 122-mm howitzer, a 152-mm howitzer-gun and a howitzer, a 210-mm gun, a 280-mm mortar and a 305-mm howitzer were adopted, the 45-mm antitank gun. Anti-aircraft artillery was equipped with 25- and 37-mm automatic 76- and 85-mm guns. At the end of the 30s. 50-mm company, 82-mm battalion, 107-mm mountain pack and 120-mm regimental mortars were created. A great contribution to the creation of first-class owls. art. armaments were introduced by design teams led by V. G. Grabin, I. I. Ivanov, F. F. Petrov, B. I. Shavyrin, and others. The Air Force received 82- and 132-mm rockets (RS-82 and RS-132). At the beginning of the Great Fatherland, the war of 1941-45 owls. troops fired the first salvo from rocket artillery combat vehicles ( "Katyusha").During the 2nd World War, the German fascist, British and American armies also used jets. In 1943, the armament of the owls. troops received the first large-caliber breech-loading 160-mm mortar. Widespread in the 2nd World War received self-propelled artillery mounts (self-propelled guns): in the Soviet Army with 76, 85, 100, 122 and 152 mm caliber guns; in the Nazi armies - 75-150 mm; in the American and British armies - 75-203 mm. Main types naval weapons there were various artillery systems, advanced torpedoes, mines and depth charges. In service with aviation different countries consisted of air bombs weighing from 1 kg to 9 thousand kg, small-caliber automatic guns (20-47 mm), heavy machine guns(11.35-13.2 mm), rockets. Tanks before the 2nd World War had mostly small-caliber guns (37-45 mm). During the war, they began to install medium-caliber guns (75-122 mm). Further development was small arms automatic weapons , (especially machine guns and submachine guns), flamethrowers of various types, incendiary ammunition, cumulative and sub-caliber shells, explosive weapon . In 1944, the fascist German army used guided missiles. V-1 and ballistic missiles V-2, and in August 1945 the US military - nuclear weapon. The USSR quickly eliminated the US monopoly on atomic bomb and in 1949 made an experiment, the explosion of an atomic device. Later, nuclear weapons were created in Great Britain, France, and China. In the postwar period, in the USSR, USA, Great Britain, France and other countries, they developed and adopted rockets various classes and purposes. In unity with nuclear weapons, missiles formed nuclear missile weapons. It combines tremendous destructive power nuclear weapons with unlimited missile range. The emergence of nuclear missile weapons required fundamental changes in all areas of military affairs.
Modern weapons in most cases are a combination of direct weapons and means of their delivery to the target, as well as instruments and devices for control and guidance. Therefore, such weapons are called weapons complexes. The classification of modern weapons is made according to their main distinguishing features.
These signs are:

1. the extent of the destructive effect of weapons and the nature of the combat missions they solve;
2. purpose of the weapon;
3. method of delivery to the target of means of direct destruction;
4. the degree of maneuverability of the weapon;
5. the number of service personnel;
6. the degree of automation of the firing (launch) process;
7. the possibility of changing the trajectory when moving means of direct destruction to the target.

After World War II, on the basis of scientific and technological progress, fundamental changes took place in the armies of the most developed countries in the means of warfare and the methods of their use. Accumulated and improved nuclear weapons. Nuclear rocket warheads, air bombs, torpedoes, land mines, depth charges, artillery shells with an equivalent capacity of several tens of tons to several tens of megatons of TNT. The types of armed forces and branches of troops (forces) were armed with nuclear weapons carriers - missiles of various classes and purposes. Most Powerful strategic weapon become intercontinental ballistic missiles(ICBMs) with monobloc and multiple warheads, which have a huge destroy, strength, long range and high accuracy of hitting the target. In addition to strategic missiles, operational-tactical and tactical missiles are also in service. New anti-aircraft and anti-missile defense systems have been developed. Anti-aircraft missile systems (SAM) have been developed, having missiles with conventional and nuclear warheads and capable of hitting air targets flying at extremely low altitudes (50-100 m) and in the troposphere at supersonic speed. Anti-missiles are used to intercept ICBM warheads fire complexes "PRO". The main weapons of combat aircraft were guided and homing air-to-air missiles (air combat missiles) and air-to-surface missiles. To equip submarines and boats, ballistic and cruise missiles with underwater launch and long range, as well as torpedo missiles, were created. Surface ships are armed with missiles and other types of modern weapons that provide them with high combat effectiveness. A fundamentally new weapon has been developed - anti-tank guided missiles - one of the most effective means of fighting tanks. They were also installed on tanks and helicopters. big development received a receiver and rocket artillery, rifle, bomber, torpedo and mine - explosive weapon. Increased damaging effect of conventional ammunition . Cluster warheads for missiles, active-rocket projectiles and mines, projectiles with swept submunitions, napalm bombs, etc. appeared.
New instruments and devices have been created for preparing firing and controlling fire and weapons (radar stations, sighting systems, laser rangefinders, night vision devices and sights, etc.), which significantly increase the combat effectiveness of weapons. For the modern development of weapons, its accelerated renewal is characteristic. Cycles of replacement of some types of weapons by others in comparison with the beginning of the 20th century. decreased by 2-3 times.
The discovery of new sources of energy and physical laws, the creation of perfect technical means, leads to the emergence of more effective types weapons, which causes significant, and sometimes fundamental changes in the methods and forms of warfare, the theory of military art, the organization of the structure of the armed forces and the practice of training troops. Weapons are a material factor in scientific and technological progress achieved as a result of the development of theory and experience. In turn, the art of war affects the development of weapons, putting forward requirements for improving existing ones and creating new ones. Of great stimulating importance for the development of weapons is the competition between means of destruction and means of defense (for example, projectiles and armor, means of air attack and air defense, etc.).
The modern development of science and technology makes it possible to create and produce new types of weapons, incl. weapons of mass destruction based on qualitatively new principles of operation. In addition, when using qualitatively new elements in traditional types and systems of weapons, the latter can also acquire the properties of weapons of mass destruction. Considering the great threat posed to humanity by weapons of mass destruction, the USSR is waging a consistent and active struggle to ban both existing and new types of weapons.

The modern Russian Armed Forces are strikingly different from the army that was in the 90s and early 2000s. Today, the Russian Armed Forces receive the most modern weapons. Already by 2020 latest designs military equipment and weapons in the Russian army should be at least 70%. According to experts, more than 19 trillion rubles can be spent on the modernization of the army. Such a huge amount is provided for by the new state program on military-technical priorities and armament of the Russian army.

Prospects for the latest secret weapons of the Russian army

The rearmament of the army is not only the supply to the troops of an already created modern technology. In Russia, the development of fundamentally new weapons is constantly being created, and decisions are being made for their maximum development. According to experts, in the next decade, the Russian Air Force will receive the latest types of weapons:

• over 500 aircraft of various types;
• over 1000 helicopters of various types;
• over 200 newest air defense systems that will merge into a single aerospace defense system;
• the latest fifth-generation fighters;
• modernized and new ballistic missiles for nuclear deterrence forces;
• the latest types of high-precision weapons are a variety of bombs and missiles with the latest guidance systems;
• new types of anti-tank weapons and new generation air defense systems;
• new small arms.

Additional development will be automated systems troop control. Perhaps in the near future Russia will have a super weapon that works on new physical principles. At the moment, scientific developments are underway to create this super weapon. At the moment it has the status of "secret". Also, developments on the creation of hypersonic air-launched missiles do not stop. They should appear before 2020. Hypersonic missiles will exceed the speed of sound by about 6-8 times. The first types of hypersonic vehicles should appear no earlier than 2030.

New nuclear strategic missiles

The basis of Russia's shield is nuclear strategic weapons. Its main representatives are heavy liquid ICBMs "Sotka" and "Voevoda". They have already tripled their service life. Today, they are being replaced by the Topol and Topol-M missiles, as well as promising new generation nuclear weapons.

- a small-sized grenade launcher with a reusable launcher and a single shot. This anti-tank weapon was developed by the Tula Instrument Design Bureau, created on the basis of the RPO-M flamethrower. MGK "BUR" was first demonstrated at arms exhibitions in 2010. This anti-tank weapon was adopted by the army in 2014. It has been mass-produced since the same year.

RPG-32 Hashim

SVLK-14S

SVLK-14S is an ultra-precise sniper weapon that can effectively hit targets at a distance of 1.5-2 km. This small arms was created by Vladislav Lobaev. His companies Design Bureau of Integrated Systems, Tsar Cannon and the Lobaev Arms brand are the first in Russia to develop and produce long-range and high-precision weapons, from the stock to the barrel. According to Lobaev, the main tasks of "Lobaev Arms" are distributed equally - this is work with the power structures of Russia and the commercial component.

The most powerful small arms in terms of effective firing range from Lobaev Arms are sniper rifle SVLK-14S. Initially, the SVL rifle was designed to accurately hit the target at a distance of over 2000 meters.

The SVLK-14S rifle provides very high accuracy when shooting. This small arms allows you to confidently hit targets at a distance of up to 2300 meters.

Sniper complex 6S8

The 6S8 sniper complex is the leader among Russian large-caliber rifles. The 6S8 sniper complex was created at the plant. Degtyarev. This rifle was created back in 1997, but for a long time, for various reasons, it was not mass-produced and was not put into service. Nevertheless, after working on the bugs and collecting all the developments over the previous 10 years, the Degtyarevites managed to achieve the adoption of this rifle into service. This happened in June 2013. The ASVK large-caliber sniper rifle was put into service under the designation 6S8 sniper complex.

The 6S8 sniper rifle was designed to solve special tasks to defeat lightly armored and unarmored enemy vehicles, including openly located manpower, including group and other targets at a distance of up to 1500 meters. The rifle can use a specially designed 7N34 cartridge, as well as the entire range of standard 12.7x108 mm cartridges. This large-caliber sniper rifle is structurally made according to the bullpup scheme. This made it possible to reduce the weight and dimensions of the weapon, providing increased compactness and maneuverability. In general, this sniper rifle turned out to be quite reliable and simple, which is incredibly important.

Russia's new surface-to-surface cruise missiles

1. The BrahMos complex with the SK310 missile is a cruise anti-ship missile or a special cruise missile against ground targets. Work on the complex began in 1999 in related design bureaus (for example, NPO Iskra). The model of the rocket was first shown at the MAKS-2001 air show. Tests began in 2001, and in 2004 they began their mass production. The complex was offered for export. In 2006, the BrahMos missile was adopted by India. Many of its characteristics are identical to those of the Onyx and the Yakhont anti-ship missiles.
2. The KTRV hypersonic missile is a project to create the latest hypersonic cruise missile. Work on its creation has been carried out by the Dubna division of the Tactical Missile Corporation (former MKB Raduga) since 2011. When creating a hypersonic missile, the results of tests on the research project "Kholod-2", as well as the experience of creating a hypersonic experimental apparatus "Igla", will be used. In August 2013, it was reported that the TRV Corporation had created a hypersonic missile, however, it only flies for a few seconds.
3. BrahMos-II is a project of a new hypersonic missile. The development has been carried out by NPO Mashinostroeniya together with the Indian company DRDO since 2008. The work was planned to be completed in 5 years. The BrahMos-II hypersonic missile was supposed to have a speed of 5-7M. In 2013, exhibition photos of the rocket model appeared.
4. Zircon-S - missile system with hypersonic missile. The complex has been developed by NPO Mashinostroeniya since 2011. In 2012, there was a hitch with the design of the rocket, but since 2013, work has continued. In 2018, work continues, the issues of creating materials, technologies, demonstrators, as well as the concept of combat use of the latest hypersonic missile are being resolved.

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Russian Federation were formed in 1992. At the time of creation, their number was 2,880,000 people. Today it reaches 1,000,000 people. This is not only one of the largest armed forces in the world. The armament of the Russian army today is very modern, developed, has stocks of nuclear weapons, weapons of mass destruction, a developed system for countering an enemy offensive and redeploying weapons if necessary.

The army of the Russian Federation practically does not use weapons foreign production. Everything you need is made in the country. All military equipment and weapons are the result of research by scientists and the functioning of the defense industry. The army is controlled by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation through military districts and other command and control bodies. Also, to manage the Russian Armed Forces, the General Staff was created, whose tasks are defense planning, conducting mobilization and operational training, organizing intelligence operations, etc.

Armored vehicles

Military equipment and weapons of the Russian army are constantly being modernized. This happens with vehicles such as armored personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles and BMD. They are intended for combat operations on various types of terrain, and are also capable of transporting a combat detachment of up to 10 people, and overcoming water obstacles. These vehicles can travel both forward and reverse at the same speed.

So, at the beginning of 2013, the BTR-82 and BTR-82A entered service with the Russian army. This modification has an economical diesel generator set, equipped with an electric drive with a stabilizer to control the gun, laser sight. The designers have improved reconnaissance capabilities, the fire extinguishing system and fragmentation protection have been improved.

About 500 BMP-3s are in service. This technique and the weapons it is equipped with have no equal in the whole world. equipped with mine protection, have a strong and sealed body, providing circular armor to protect personnel. The BMP-3 is an airborne amphibious vehicle. On a flat road speeds up to 70 km / h.

Russian nuclear weapons

Nuclear weapons have been adopted since the days of the USSR. This is a whole complex that directly includes ammunition, carriers and means of movement, as well as control systems. The action of the weapon is based on nuclear energy, which is released during the fission reaction or fusion of nuclei.

New today is the RS-24 "Yars". Developments on it were started under the USSR in 1989. After Ukraine refused to develop it jointly with Russia, all design developments in 1992 were transferred to MIT. By design, the Yars missile is similar to the Topol-M. Its difference is a new platform for breeding blocks. On the Yars, the payload has been increased, and the hull has been treated with a special compound to reduce the impact of a nuclear explosion. This missile is capable of performing programmatic maneuvers and is equipped with a missile defense system.

Pistols for the army

Pistols in the troops of any kind are used for close combat and personal self-defense. This weapon gained popularity due to its compactness and light weight, but the main advantage was the ability to fire with one hand. Until 2012, pistols in service with the Russian army were used mainly by Makarov systems (PM and PMM). The models are designed for 9 mm cartridges. The firing range reached 50 meters, the rate of fire was 30 rounds per minute. Magazine capacity PM - 8 rounds, PMM - 12 rounds.

However, the Makarov pistol was recognized as obsolete, and a more modern model was adopted. This is the Swift, developed jointly with the special forces. In terms of its technical characteristics, the pistol surpasses the world-famous Glock. Another pistol that the army adopted new Russia in 2003, was the SPS ( self-loading pistol Serdyukov).

9-mm cartridges with small ricochet bullets, as well as armor-piercing and armor-piercing tracer bullets, were developed for it. It is equipped with a special spring to speed up the change of a two-row magazine and two safety valves.

Aviation

The armament of the Russian army in terms of aviation makes it possible to provide protection and attack on the enemy, as well as to carry out various operations, such as reconnaissance, security and others. Aviation is represented by aircraft and helicopters for various purposes.

Among the aircraft, it is worth noting the Su-35S model. This fighter is multifunctional and highly maneuverable, it is designed to strike at moving and stationary ground targets. But its main task is to gain air supremacy. The Su-35S has engines with more thrust and a rotary thrust vector (product 117-S). It uses a fundamentally new on-board equipment - the aircraft information and control system provides the maximum degree of interaction between the pilots and the machine. The fighter is equipped with the latest Irbis-E weapons control system. It is capable of simultaneously detecting up to 30 air targets, firing up to 8 targets without interrupting ground and air surveillance.

Among helicopters, the KA-52 "Alligator" and KA-50 "Black Shark" should be noted as modern weapons of the Russian army. These two combat vehicles are a formidable weapon, so far not a single country in the world has been able to create and oppose equipment that matches them in terms of tactical and technical capabilities. "Alligator" can operate at any time of the day or night, under any weather and climatic conditions. "Black Shark" is designed to destroy various armored vehicles, including tanks, as well as to protect ground facilities and troops from enemy attacks.

Vehicles

The equipment of the Russian army with vehicles for various purposes is large-scale. Automotive equipment is presented in the form of highly mobile, cargo-passenger, multi-purpose, specially protected and armored.

The STS "Tiger", adopted by the Russian army, has proven itself especially well. The car is used for reconnaissance operations, surveillance of the enemy, transportation of personnel and ammunition, patrolling high-risk areas, and escorting mobile columns. It has high maneuverability, a large power reserve, good visibility for firing.

For the operational transfer of equipment, ammunition and personnel in large quantities, the KRAZ-5233BE "Spetsnaz" is used. The car is designed for work in harsh climatic conditions (from - 50 to + 60 degrees), has a high cross-country ability - it can overcome water barriers up to 1.5 m deep and snow covers up to 60 cm high.

tanks

Tanks are armored fighting vehicles and are used by ground troops. Today, the T-90, T-80 and T-72 models are used in the Russian army. Modern armament with tanks outnumbers the equipment of the army of the United States of America.

The T-80 has been supplied to the army since 1976, since then it has gone through several modifications. It is used to support the destruction of people and various objects (for example, fortified firing points) with firepower, to create defensive lines. It has multilayer armor, increased maneuverability. It is equipped with a 125-mm cannon coaxial with a machine gun, a Utes machine-gun system, a smoke grenade launcher, and an anti-tank missile control system.

The T-90 tank, especially the T-90SM modification, can be safely positioned as the latest weapon of the Russian army. Equipped with an improved fire extinguishing system, an air conditioning system has been added, it is possible to hit moving targets with high accuracy while moving. In all characteristics, it surpasses such tanks as the Abrams or Leopard.

Machine guns in service with the army

The most famous weapon of the Russian army is this. And although they do not have grace or beauty, they have earned popularity for their simplicity and ease of use. This assault rifle dates back to 1959, when it was first adopted by the USSR army. In recent years, starting in 1990, AK-74M models with a strap for mounting were produced for the army. various kinds sights. In it, the designers were able to realize the dream of a universal machine. But no matter how universal it may be, history does not stand still, and technologies develop.

To date, the modern armament of the Russian army in terms of machine guns is represented by the AK-12 model. It is devoid of the shortcomings of all types of AK - there is no gap between the receiver cover and the receiver itself. The design makes the machine convenient for use by both right-handers and left-handers. The model is compatible with magazines for AKM, AK-74. It is possible to mount an underbarrel grenade launcher and various types of sights. The firing accuracy is almost 1.5 times higher than that of the AK-74.

Grenade launchers in Russian troops

Grenade launchers are designed for various purposes and are divided into several types. So, allocate easel, automatic, manual, multi-purpose, underbarrel and remotely controlled. Depending on the type, they are intended for the destruction of enemy troops, mobile and stationary targets, for the destruction of unarmored, lightly armored and armored vehicles.

New small arms The Russian army in this category is represented by the RPG-30 "Hook" grenade launcher. It is a disposable weapon, entered the army in 2013. It is double-barreled, consisting of two grenades: a simulator and a 105-millimeter combat one. The simulator ensures the activation of the enemy defense functions, and the live grenade directly destroys the unprotected target.

One cannot ignore such modern weapons of the Russian army as the GP-25 and GP-30 grenade launchers. They are equipped with Kalashnikov assault rifles of modifications AK-12, AKM, AKMS, AKS-74U, AK-74, AK-74M, AK-103 and AK-101. Underbarrel grenade launchers GP-25 and GP-30 are designed to destroy living and non-living targets and unarmored vehicles. Sighting range - about 400 m, caliber - 40 mm.

Sniper rifles

Sniper rifles used as small arms of the Russian army are divided into several types, or rather, they have different purposes. To eliminate single camouflaged or moving targets, a 7.62 mm SVD is used. The rifle was developed back in 1958 by E. Dragunov and has an effective range of up to 1300 meters. Since then, the weapon has gone through several modifications. In the 90s. was developed and put into service with the Russian army (SVU-AS). It has a caliber of 7.62 and is designed for airborne units. This rifle has automatic firing capability and is equipped with a folding buttstock.

For military operations that require the absence of noise, VSS is used. Despite the fact that the Vintorez sniper rifle was created in the former USSR, SP-5 and SP-6 cartridges are used for firing (it penetrates an 8 mm thick steel plate from a distance of 100 m). Sighting range is from 300 to 400 meters, depending on the type of sight used.

Russian Naval Forces

The armament of the Navy, which is used by the army of the new Russia, is quite diverse. Surface ships provide support for submarine forces, provide transportation of landing troops and cover the landing, security territorial waters, coastline, search and tracking of the enemy, support for sabotage operations. Submarine forces provide reconnaissance operations, surprise attacks on continental and maritime targets. Naval aviation forces are used to attack enemy surface forces, destroy key facilities on its coastline, intercept and prevent attacks by enemy aircraft.

The Navy includes destroyers, patrol ships of the far and near sea zone, small missile and anti-submarine ships, missile, anti-sabotage boats, large and small landing ships, nuclear submarines, minesweepers, landing craft.

Defense production

After the collapse of the USSR, the defense industry experienced a sharp decline. However, in 2006, Russian President Vladimir Putin approved the State Armaments Development Program for 2007-2015. According to this document, new weapons and various technical means to replace the old one.

The development and supply of new and modernized weapons and equipment is carried out by such enterprises as Russian Technologies, Oboronprom, Motor Builder, Izhevsk Machine Building Plant, United Aircraft Corporation, Russian Helicopters OJSC, Uralvagonzavod, Kurgansky engine building plant" and others.

Most of the research centers and design bureaus that develop weapons for the Russian army are strictly classified, as are defense industry enterprises. But the defense industry today provides jobs for many large and medium-sized cities of the Russian Federation.

The army of any country is its shield and sword. The main activity of these armed formations is the defense of the borders of the state and the preservation of sovereignty. Sometimes for this it is necessary to act not only on the protected territory, but also on the lands of potential enemies.

To this end, each country is actively developing various types of weapons. Especially if this is such a large and technologically advanced power as the Russian Federation.

Russia's promising and latest weapons have different origin. Some began to be developed even under the Soviet Union, some were already created by the designers of the Russian Federation. The simplest example is the fifth-generation Su-57 fighters or the Armata universal platform. And this despite the difficult economic situation of the 90s of the last century.

Of course, the latest developments of Russian weapons are being carried out in all sectors of the military-industrial complex. Every year, the Russian military budget is effectively spent on financing a number of promising projects aimed at the introduction and implementation of edge-generation technologies.

In addition to the fact that the money goes to research and design activities, new weapons are being developed in Russia and the country's military-industrial complex is being improved. After all, it is not enough to build a prototype of a rocket or a tank; it is also necessary to ensure mass and high-tech production.

In addition to the usual models of equipment and weapons, research is being conducted in the field of military technologies based on new physical principles. This is Russia's latest weapon: laser emitters, railguns, magnetic accelerators, and, probably, a lot of projects that are not available to wide publicity.

Russia's new missile weapon

Almost since the advent of nuclear weapons, they have been used in the global deterrence strategy. The basis of modern weapons in Russia is the nuclear reaction force. Intercontinental ballistic missiles provide security for our citizens. Russia's new weapons are being regularly developed, and work on promising projects never stops.

Until recently, Russian missile weapons were represented by such monsters as "Sotka" and "Voevoda". But in recent years they have been actively replaced by Topol and Topol-M. In addition, new samples of these weapons are regularly sent from the depths of the Design Bureau for testing.

RS-24 Yars

RS-24 Yars is a new generation of Russian nuclear weapons. Produced at the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant in the city of the same name. "Yarsom" will replace weapons systems, previous generation: RS-18 and RS-20. New installations will replace the Topols that are out of warranty. The first samples were received by the Strategic Missile Forces in 2015.

RS-26 Frontier

The RS-26 is a nuclear weapon system with increased accuracy in striking a target. The development of the MBR was carried out by the Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering in the period from 2006 to 2014. The very first rocket launch had negative consequences: the Rocket crashed. The rest of the launches were successful. The rocket was tested at the Plesetsk and Kapustin Yar training grounds.

"Frontier" will replace such complexes as "Topol-M" and "Yars".

The main feature of the RS-26 is a missile capable of passing through the enemy's missile defense and air defense forces and striking at the intended enemy object.

RS-28 "Sarmat" (ICBM)

The RS-28 heavy ICBM has been developed since 2009. The term of the planned adoption into service is 2016. In 2018, V. Putin officially confirmed the acceptance of the rocket by the RSVN forces. The main goal of the project is to replace the outdated RS-20 complex. "Sarmat" is able to achieve the goal by paving the way through the poles of the planet, which contributes to the difficulty of intercepting ICBMs.

BZHRK Barguzin

"Barguzin" is a combat missile system based on a special train. This type of RK is used only in Russia. The rest of the countries have no analogues.

The creation of Barguzin began in 2012. For a long time could not decide on a rocket for the complex. However, over time, the choice settled on the RS-24 Yars.

The system is still being developed. According to plans, the deployment of the production of the complex will begin in 2018. Starting from 2020, admission to the RSVN will begin.

R-30 (Mace-30)

The R-30 is a promising ballistic missile designed to arm submarines. Designed for application nuclear strike across enemy territory. Able to fly over a distance of 8,000 km. It carries up to 20 nuclear warheads.

Armor-piercing modern weapons of Russia

by the most terrible weapon on the modern battlefield in local conflicts are tanks. Armored vehicles, armed with cannons and machine guns, perform their role extremely effectively. To increase the chances of ordinary soldiers surviving and successfully countering such a threat, modern anti-tank systems and other similar new types of weapons in Russia are being developed.

RPG-29 "Vampire" with a shot

"Cornet-P"

"Kornet-P" is the most modern weapons Russia. An anti-tank guided weapon system with a warhead capable of penetrating up to 1500 mm of armor. The new armament of the Russian Army was developed in the city of Tula, at the Instrument Design Bureau. The saturation of Kornet-P in the RF Armed Forces began in 2011. It is mainly based on the Tiger mobile platforms, there are options for the infantry.

RK Hermes

Adopted in 2012, the Hermes missile system is intended for installation on aircraft and armored chassis. The design bureau was also involved in the development, which created the Cornet. The installation of Hermes on the Ka-52, Mi-28N and Pantsir-1s has been officially announced.

MGK "Bur"

"Bur" is anti-tank grenade launcher ny complex to counter enemy armored vehicles. A feature of the weapon is reusable launcher. At the same time, the shot itself is single-shot. Adopted by the Russian army in 2014.

RPG-32 Hashim

RPG-32 Hashim - is a joint project of Russia and Jordan. The latter are the main customers. A hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher is being produced at a joint venture in Jordan. Since 2013, the plant has been producing up to 60,000 RPGs per year.

Modern weapons of small arms type

The infantryman was and remains the main combat unit of all the armies of the world. And for the effective operation of this type of troops, simple and reliable weapons are required. In addition to the development of rifle complexes for soldiers, Russia's promising weapons for the forces are being actively developed. special purpose, different types of troops.

Kalashnikov assault rifle 12 and 15

Despite their simplicity and reliability, Kalashnikov assault rifles are regularly modified and improved. The latest developments in this area are models with the designation 12 and 15. In addition to revised ergonomics and internal mechanics, changes have also been made to the caliber of one of the versions. AK-15 uses 7.62*39 cartridges as ammunition, as in AK-47.

Two-medium ADS machine

ADS is a promising automatic system designed for naval special forces. The main and most important “chip” of the gun is the possibility of effective shooting under water and in airspace.

The ADS itself has a bullpup system. That is, the store is located in the butt of the weapon. This improves the ergonomics of the assault rifle and eliminates the need to manufacture special versions of the product for left-handers. It has been in service with the RF Armed Forces since 2016. It is actively bought by foreigners.

SVLK-14s

One of the problems of the Soviet, and then the Russian military industry, has always been the inability to create a high-precision sniper rifle. In the Russian Federation, rifles of foreign manufacturers were often used. The problem was slightly solved when the private company "Tsar Cannon" appeared, under the leadership of V. Lobaev.

Despite all the difficulties with the creation and sale of products, Tsar Cannon managed to create high-precision weapons in Russia and enter the world market with the sniper complex of the SVLT-14s project. This weapon is capable of hitting a target at a distance of up to 2 km. Excellent ergonomics and the possibility of customization made it possible to quickly receive orders not only from athletes, but also from special forces units.

Sniper complex 6S8

6S8 - development of the Degtyarevsk arms factory. In fact, the rifle was developed back in 1997, but due to a number of reasons, production never began. They returned to the project after 16 years. The new version of the weapon used all the accumulated developments.

6S8, despite the impressive caliber 12.7 * 108, turned out to be compact and light. This was facilitated by the materials from which the new weapons of Russia were made: the complex itself, and the store, located according to the Bullpup system. The main task of the 6S8 is to defeat light armored vehicles and unarmored vehicles at a distance of up to 1.5 km.

T-5000 OrSys

The T-5000 OrSis sniper rifle is a direct competitor to the SVLK-14s. Both of these complexes have similar performance characteristics. Another interesting factor is the manufacturer: OrSys - new weapons are produced by a private company, which is unusual Russian market. T-5000 has a high degree customization and is designed for accurate fire at a distance of up to 1.5 km.

Anti-aircraft missile systems

Modern warfare rarely goes without aviation. And if MANPADS and mobile air defense systems can cover helicopters and low-flying aircraft, then something more serious is required from cruise missiles and aircraft at high altitudes.

The Russian Federation is currently armed with the S-300 and S-400 complexes, but a more perfect replacement is already being prepared for them.

SAM S-500 "Triumfator"

S-500 is evolutionary development S-400. New complex will be able to hit a wider range of targets: cruise missiles, aircraft, ICBMs and even satellites in low Earth orbit. The project is currently under active development. Estimated date of adoption is 2020.

S-300OVM "Antey-2500"

S-300OBM is a deep modernization of the S-300 complex. Designed for mobile deployment in a specified area. Able to simultaneously conduct 24 targets. Main targets: aircraft, UAVs. Can hit ballistic missiles with a range of 2,500 km.

New developments of Russian military equipment

It is difficult to imagine an army not equipped with equipment. This list includes self-propelled artillery, armored vehicles, wheeled vehicles, etc. Some of the new developments in Russian military equipment have received excellent marks during tests on the battlefields with terrorists in Syria.

Coalition-SV

Coalition-SV is a double-barreled art installation with a caliber of 152 mm. Able to fire at a distance of up to 70 kilometers. It all depends on the type of projectile used. The rate of fire of the installation reaches 30 shots per minute. This is achieved by means of an automatic loader, which is introduced into the latest generation of Russian weapons.

The crew of the Coalition-SV is placed in a special armored capsule located in the chassis. The ACS is one of the vehicles developed on the Armata universal platform.

T-14 "Armata"

Latest developments Russian weapons. Most of the characteristics and materials from which the tank is made are strictly classified. A feature of the machine can be called a high degree of crew security. This is both dynamic protection and a complex active protection, and a special armored capsule in which people are placed.

Initially, the project was equipped with a 152 mm gun, but later it was replaced with a 125 mm gun. However, the larger caliber was not abandoned and the next versions of the T-14 will be produced with a different gun.

T-15 "Kurganets" (TBMP)

T-15 is heavy fighting machine infantry. Has a serious reservation. It is a machine based on the Armata platform. Carries a crew. Equipped with cannons, machine guns and anti-tank missiles.

New Russian weapons of the latest developments

Russian engineers are working not only on the technology we are used to, but also on devices of a completely different level. Some new types of Russian weapons were considered only the fantasies of writers a dozen years ago, but today they are quite real.

Yu-71

Recently, news about missiles and aircrafts capable of moving at speeds faster than the speed of sound. There is an active debate about the possibility of hypersonic flights in excess of 10,000 km.

And while everyone is arguing, Russian engineers are developing the Yu-71 project. Russia's new weapon is a drone capable of carrying a nuclear arsenal and moving at a speed of 12,000 kilometers per hour. At the same time, the machine is able to maneuver and dramatically change the flight path.

laser weapons

Projects to create laser weapons were carried out in the USSR. However, after the collapse of the Land of Soviets, all developments were frozen, problems with funding, etc.

Already in our millennium, part of the work began to be revived and actively invested in the development of promising projects of this type of weapon. In 2018, V. Putin officially demonstrated the operation of a modern Russian laser. A flying training target was shot down on the video.

(11 ratings, average: 4,00 out of 5)

It is quite natural that everyone who uses weapons wants to own the best of its models, so below is a rating that presents the modern small arms of our time - rifles. The rating was compiled by the American TV channel Military Channel according to the following criteria: aiming accuracy, efficiency in combat, reliability, comfort of use and original design.

American M14

The rifle, which occupies the honorable 10th position on the list, appeared during the Second World War. At this time, infantry soldiers american army they were armed with several types of small arms at once - only 4. Since it was extremely inconvenient, especially on the battlefield, the military authorities turned to the government with a request to develop one universal rifle capable of performing the functions of all available weapons.

The solution to the problem was the modern small arms M14 with a standard cartridge of 7.62 mm caliber. Baptism of fire the product was received in the Vietnam offensive and was highly appreciated by the fighters.

Despite the fact that the M14 was recognized as somewhat heavy for a rapid assault, and the more modern M16 soon appeared, World War II small arms are still very popular among professional military men, especially as a sniper rifle. Therefore, products cannot be attributed to military antiques.

Sturmgewehr 44, Germany

This automatic rifle gets the ninth place for the original design and innovative technologies - in the class assault weapons this modern small arms can be considered a pioneer.

The peculiarity of the gun is that its developers decided to use a 7.92-mm caliber cartridge, which stands between standard pistol and rifle cartridges. In addition, the product significantly increased the rate of fire compared to the usual Mauser rifle - up to 500 times per minute.

American 1903 Springfield

The latest US small arms were actually created in the early twentieth century after the war with Spain. It was then that the Americans thought about creating something more modern and improved to replace the already existing infantry Krag-Jorgensen.

The current rifle received a sliding bolt and a magazine for 5 rounds of 7.62 mm caliber. Thanks to the bullet release speed of 820 meters per second, modern weapons have established themselves as an excellent sniper rifle, despite the rather low rate of fire - only up to 10 beats per minute.

All these qualities made it possible to use small arms in the Vietnam War.

Austrian Steyr AUG

Compared to other models, this modern product, which took 7th place, appeared relatively recently - in 1977. The release date significantly influenced the appearance of the rifle - it is more like a fantastic blaster from everyone's favorite Star Wars.

Although the design is somewhat unusual, it allows you to achieve some advantages. For example, the developers moved the trigger mechanism inside the stock, significantly lightening the gun and making it more compact.

The weapon belongs to the class of machine guns with the possibility of a single fire. You can choose yourself in which direction the shells will be dropped - to the right or to the left.

Mauser K98k, Germany

The sixth position is not very modern, but still one of the most advanced weapons of the military industry. The legendary Mauser became the prototype or modification for many subsequent models.

• gunpowder that does not reproduce smoky clouds;

• cartridges in clips;

• longitudinally sliding type shutter.

Prior to this, products of this kind were practically not used in the arms industry.

FN FAL, Belgium

5th place is occupied by another representative with the presence of a single fire function. Interestingly, the Sturmgewehr 44 already known to us served as a prototype.

In the middle of the twentieth century, FN FAL will be adopted by more than 50 countries around the world. And for good reason - modern small arms have proven themselves well thanks to a good muzzle velocity of 820 meters per second and a rate of fire of about 700 rounds per minute.

Nevertheless, the product has one significant disadvantage - the accuracy of fire drops significantly when working in automatic mode.

M1 Garand, USA

The fourth position is occupied by semi-automatic small arms, created in 1936 specifically for the armament of the military forces of the United States.

With a muzzle velocity of 860 meters per second, the rifle allows you to work with about thirty rounds of 7.62 caliber per minute. Such indicators put the gun significantly higher than similar models during the Second World War.

English Lee-Enfield SMLE

An honorable third place went to a bolt-action rifle, which was created in the UK at the beginning of the 20th century. The superiority of modern non-automatic small arms received due to the outstanding rate of fire up to 30 rounds per minute. This is due to the ability to hold up to 10 rounds per magazine.

The muzzle velocity of such a product is 740 meters per second.

M16, USA

Among the advantages, it should also be noted the use of lightweight metal alloys for casting the case and parts of the product - with the lighter version, assault operations began to go faster and more efficiently.

In addition, modern small arms are becoming small-caliber, taking 5.56 mm cartridges instead of the classic 7.62. This allows you to hold up to 30 bullets in the gun magazine at the same time.

AK-47, USSR

The best modern small arms are chambered in 7.62 caliber cartridges. The model does not belong to the old antiques in any way and is produced to this day - for comparison, the English Lee-Enfield was adopted only until 1965.

Incidentally, the AK-47 was based on the Sturmgewehr 44, just like the Belgian FN FAL. However, the models have significant differences in assembly - the AK-47 consists of stamped parts, which can significantly reduce the weight of the rifle.

With a muzzle power of 1000 meters per second, modern small arms fire about 710 shots per minute - just an amazing result!

You can learn more about the operation of the Kalashnikov assault rifle from the following video review: