The project of modernization of the ships of project 1155. Work on the large anti-submarine ship "Admiral Chabanenko" will be delayed for several years

The main headquarters of the Russian Navy decided to modernize the large anti-submarine ships (BOD) of project 1155 Fregat (according to NATO classification - Udaloy). Today these are the main long-range ships maritime zone in the Russian fleet. They are sent to the Horn of Africa to fight Somali pirates.

Modernization of the BOD will include equipping it with modern A-192 guns, Kalibr cruise missiles and the latest complex Air defense and missile defense with S-400 Redut missiles. Thanks to this, the ships will actually become destroyers and will be able to destroy not only submarines but also surface ships, aircraft, missiles and ground targets. That is, they will become universal warships”, - explained the representative of the Main Command of the Navy to the Izvestia newspaper.

According to him, modernization of the 30-year-old project 1155 BOD can cost 2 billion rubles per ship. At the same time, the cost of building a new destroyer in the far sea zone exceeds 30 billion rubles.

Retired Admiral Vladimir Zakharov explained that the modernization of the BOD 1155 will allow for short term get a ship that meets all the urgent requirements of the fleet. Zakharov explained that the new destroyer of the far sea zone, which can replace the Frigates, will appear no earlier than 2020. New ships of such a displacement as BOD 1155 are not even in the project. And from modern ships, which are in service with the Russian Navy, only . But they are half the size, less autonomous and less armed.

In the 1970s, due to the overall onboard equipment, it was decided to divide the functions of a universal ship between two specialized ones - project 956 Sovremenny became an attack destroyer, and BOD 1155 Fregat became an anti-submarine destroyer with a powerful hydroacoustic station in the bow. Today, Project 956 Sovremenny attack destroyers are practically not operated due to problems with boilers - only three ships are on the move. They are also being prepared for modernization. Together with the updated BOD, they will form the basis of the oceanic grouping of the Russian Navy.

The US Navy today has more than 40 universal destroyers capable of sinking submarines, surface ships and hitting ground targets with Tomahawk cruise missiles.

The terms of reference for the BOD modernization project of project 1155 will be developed before the end of the year. He was instructed to prepare the 1st and 2nd Central Research Institute of the Navy. After that, a competition will be announced among design bureaus for the best modernization project, and then a plant will be selected. The main contenders for this order are Severnaya Verf in St. Petersburg and the Yantar plant in Kaliningrad.

In addition to weapons, the BOD will be updated undercarriage, and also change the center of gravity, due to which, at high speed, the ship begins to lift its nose and hit the bottom against the water (this phenomenon is called “bottom slamming”). In the Northern Design Bureau, which developed the BOD project 1155 and, most likely, will receive an order, they said that in order to introduce modern weapons systems, it will be necessary to change and ship system controls, that is, almost all electronics.

During modernization, they may encounter a number of serious technical problems - whether the dimensions of the new weapons systems are suitable for a strictly BOD hull. If you have to break the hull, this can significantly increase the cost of the project. "Caliber" can take the place of "Trumpet", but "Mosquito" - no longer, say the specialists of the Design Bureau.

Currently, project 1155 BODs are armed with 100 mm AK-100 artillery mounts, 21-KM semi-automatic 45 mm caliber guns, 30 mm anti-aircraft artillery mounts, Kinzhal anti-aircraft missile systems, Rastrub-B anti-submarine missile systems, jet- bomb installations, as well as two four-tube torpedo tubes of 533 mm caliber. The air groups of Project 1155 ships include two Ka-27PL helicopters each.

The first upgraded BOD will appear no earlier than 2016: the development of the main project will take about 1.5 years - every detail will have to be coordinated with the developers and manufacturers of weapons systems, equipment and other ship systems. After that, from 2 to 4 years, the technical project of modernization will be finalized - step by step instructions for the factory.

For 11 years, from 1980 to 1991, 13 BODs of project 1155 were built (one of them according to the improved project 1155.1). The ships are named after Russian and Soviet admirals. Now 8 such ships remain in service - four per Pacific Fleet and the same number - in the North. Since 2008, five of them have been involved in the fight against pirates in Somalia - Marshal Shaposhnikov, Admiral Panteleev, Admiral Levchenko, Admiral Vinogradov and Admiral Chabanenko. BOD "Admiral Kharlamov" has been in reserve since 2006. Perhaps it will be the lead ship for the modernization of the entire project.

According to the representative of the Department of Information and Mass Communications of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation for the Navy, Captain First Rank Igor Dygalo, by 2022, 5 large anti-submarine ships of Project 1155 will be repaired and modernized.

Large anti-submarine ships (BOD) of project 1155 are one of the main "workhorses" of the Russian fleet. 4 BOD this project- "Admiral Tributs", "Admiral Vinogradov", "Admiral Panteleev" and "Marshal Shaposhnikov" together with the missile cruiser "Varyag" constitute the "core" of the Pacific Fleet. Another 4 BODs - "Admiral Kharlamov", "Admiral Levchenko", "Vice-Admiral Kulakov" and "Severomorsk", as well as the BOD "Admiral Chabanenko", built according to an improved project 1155.1, are part of the Northern Fleet.

Project 1155 ships were built in parallel with Project 956 Sarych destroyers in the 1980s. "Sarychi" were intended to strike at surface targets and provide air defense for formations of ships. Project 1155 ships were built as anti-submarine destroyers (called "large anti-submarine ships" in the Russian Navy). Project 1155 BODs, unlike the Sarychs being built in parallel with them, turned out to be excellent ships. The extremely unsuccessful design of the power plants, the unreliability and exactingness of the operating conditions of the Project 956 destroyers in view of the total underfunding in the 1990s, led to their wholesale "falling out" of the Russian fleet. At the same time, Project 1155 BODs, due to their reliability and perfect design, for the most part managed to survive the "dark times" and at the moment they actually make up the bulk of Russian destroyers.

Project 1155 BODs have enormous anti-submarine capabilities - their "main caliber" is 8 launchers with Rastrub anti-submarine missiles (on the Admiral Chabanenko they were replaced by Moskit supersonic anti-ship missiles, and anti-submarine weapons were replaced by Vodopad anti-submarine missiles fired by through torpedo tubes). At the same time, the ships are equipped with the most powerful low-frequency hydroacoustic station (GAS) "Polynom", capable of even partially "looking" under the layer of the so-called. thermocline - the boundary between water layers different temperatures, poorly permeable to sound waves, and confidently detect enemy submarines at a great distance. BODs also have powerful torpedo armament and depth bombers, which make it possible to destroy even attacking enemy torpedoes with a high probability due to special "drifting" mines fired in the path of a torpedo with fuses that react to the noise of torpedo propellers as it approaches. They have BOD data and powerful aviation weapons - 2 Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopters are placed in the ship's hangars at once. The only disadvantage of the BOD project 1155 is the lack of an air defense system of medium or long range- the "Dagger" air defense system available on the ship is capable of providing only the air defense of the ship in the near zone. However, its ability to intercept enemy anti-ship missiles is the highest. The ships are also equipped with powerful radio-technical weapons, in particular, the Fregat phased-array radar and the specialized two-coordinate Podkat radar with an extremely narrow beam pattern, designed specifically for detecting low-flying targets.

In conditions of very low rates of replenishment of the Russian fleet with new ships, Project 1155 BODs will most likely serve for a very long time, especially since they have a huge modernization potential. As Igor Dygalo stated, in the course of repair and modernization, a huge amount of work will be carried out on these ships to replace life support systems and electronic weapons. With a high degree of probability, it can be assumed that the ships will receive latest modifications The Fregat radar, and the AK-630 anti-aircraft guns will be replaced by the promising Pantsir-M anti-aircraft gun-missile systems - the creation of this complex, which is a "marine" version of the well-known Pantsir-S air defense system, is in full swing and it will go into service maybe already in 2018, and it is quite likely that with new promising missiles that have almost twice the range of destruction compared to the existing 9M335 missiles of this complex.

It is also quite likely that the Kinzhal air defense system will be replaced by the latest Redut air defense system or by the marine version of the newest Tor-M2U air defense system, which is also expected to be put into service by 2018-19. There are also projects for large-scale modernization of the project 1155 BOD with the replacement of Rastrub anti-submarine missiles with launchers, providing the application cruise missiles family "Kalibo" and supersonic anti-ship missiles "Onyx". According to some reports, the BOD "Admiral Kharlamov" is already undergoing such modernization. After such a modernization, the ships will receive many times larger combat capabilities and will become excellent destroyers capable of not only effectively combating enemy submarines, but also inflicting powerful strikes on enemy ship groups, hitting targets located at a depth of hundreds of kilometers from the enemy coast with Caliber missiles and will be able to provide collective Air defense of the ship connection. At the same time, the cost of such modernization is estimated at 2 billion rubles, while the cost of a new destroyer is at least 30 billion.

Repair work on technical condition large anti-submarine ship of the Pacific Fleet "Marshal Shaposhnikov" project 1155 (serial number 114) with the extension of the overhaul period and the implementation of certain modernization works, carried out by JSC Ship Repair Center Dalzavod (CSD) in Vladivostok, are entering an active phase.

On the one hand, finally, almost a year after the conclusion of the state contract (April 1, 2015), on the BOD "Marshal Shaposhnikov" Dock repairs have begun - on March 30, 2016, photos of the BOD delivered to the dry dock of Dalzavod appeared at the Marine Forum of the Air Base.

So, as early as July 31, 2015, an agreement was signed with JSC Design Bureau of Mechanical Engineering, which is part of JSC Corporation Tactical Missiles. The subject of the contract is the supply of a set of two 3C-24 products worth 47 million rubles. According to known data, 3S-24 (aka KT-184) is the launcher of the 3K24 Uran ship missile system with Kh-35 (3M24) anti-ship missiles. The production time of the units is set at 18 months. Previously, plans to install "Uranium" on the BOD project 1155 were not reported.

On May 28, 2015, an agreement was signed with Vladivostok OJSC Izumrud (part of Morinformsystem-Agat Concern OJSC) for the supply of MP-123-02 / 3 product. MP-123-02 / 3 naval artillery universal fire control system " Bagira" is designed to control the firing of naval anti-aircraft artillery of 30-100 mm caliber and unguided rocket weapons of 122, 140 mm caliber at air targets, including anti-ship and anti-radar missiles, during the self-defense of the ship from air attack, at sea and coastal targets to provide fire support landing and destruction of coastal objects in the depths of defense in the conditions of the use of active and passive radar and optical-electronic interference. The composition of the MSA "MR-123-02 / 3" in its entirety includes radar and optical-electronic channels. The price of the LMS is 165.3 million rubles, the delivery time is until the end of 2016.

On December 23, 2015, an agreement was concluded with St. Petersburg ZAO PKB RIO for the supply of an automated communication complex R-779-28 and a communication complex for the GMDSS global maritime distress communication system. The cost of the agreement is 422.786 million rubles, the term of the contract is 12 months.

In addition to the previously concluded contracts with JSC NPP Salyut for the supply of MR-710 and 5P-30N2 general-purpose radars worth over 980 million rubles, on February 2, 2016, another contract was signed for the supply of a 5P-30P radar information processing system . The price of the contract is 122 million rubles, the validity period is until the end of 2016.

In addition, in 2015, an agreement was signed with JSC "Taganrog Research Institute of Communications" for the supply of the TK-25-2 complex with a price of 280.6 million rubles. and a period of 16 months. According to the Radioelectronic Technologies Concern, which includes TNIIS, Ship complex TK-25 is designed to provide electronic protection of an object from radio-controlled air and ship-based weapons by creating active interference with a spectrum width of 64 to 2000 MHz, as well as impulse misinforming and imitation interference using signal copies. The complex is capable of simultaneously analyzing up to 256 targets.

Project 1155 BOD / Photo: ru.wikipedia.org

Modernized large anti-submarine ships (BPK) of Project 1155 will be armed with Caliber and Onyx cruise missiles, Admiral Viktor Chirkov, Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, told reporters on Wednesday.

"The Navy plans to modernize all eight ships of this project, after the modernization their service life will be extended for another 10-15 years"

The Russian Navy has eight ships of this project: four in the Pacific Fleet and four in the Northern Fleet. These surface ships are among the key ships of the Navy capable of operating in the far sea (ocean) zone.

“We will modernize the first ship in two years. All these ships will be armed with new Kalibr and Oniks missile systems,” the commander-in-chief said.

Earlier, Chirkov told RIA Novosti that the Navy plans to modernize all eight ships of this project, after the modernization their service life will be extended for another 10-15 years.

Technical reference

Large anti-submarine ships of project 1155 (code - "Frigate", NATO code - Udaloy) - a type of large anti-submarine ships (according to NATO classification - destroyers). They were adopted in 1980 by the Navy of the USSR, currently in the amount of 8 units (including 1 BOD "Admiral Kharlamov" since 2006 has been in reserve) are in service with the Navy Russian Federation. Another 2 ships, "Admiral Chabanenko" and "Admiral Basisty", were laid down according to project 1155.1, of which only the first was completed.

The project of a large anti-submarine ship of project 1155 (code "Frigate") was developed by the Northern Design Bureau under the leadership of N. P. Sobolev and V. P. Mishin. According to the initial TTZ (tactical and technical specifications) of 1972-1973, the ship was designed as a development of project 1135 patrol ships with the elimination of the latter's shortcomings (including: the absence of a helicopter and the imperfection of sonar means that were not capable of providing target designation of the PLUR for the full range of fire - 90 km ). Initially, it was planned to limit the standard displacement of the BOD to 4000 tons, but as a result, size restrictions were abandoned due to the introduction in the TTZ of the requirement to place a new generation of SJSC "Polynom" on ships of the project, which has greater weight and size characteristics than the SJSC of the previous type "Titan-2" and "Titan" -2T".

Construction history

A total of 12 ships of this type were built.

• "Remote" (1980)
• "Vice Admiral Kulakov" (1982)
• "Marshal Vasilevsky" (1983)
• "Admiral Zakharov" (1983)
• "Admiral Spiridonov" (1984)
• "Admiral Tributs" (1985)
• "Marshal Shaposhnikov" (1987)
• "Severomorsk" (1987)
• "Admiral Levchenko" (1988)
• "Admiral Vinogradov" (1988)
• "Admiral Kharlamov" (1989)
• "Admiral Panteleev" (1991)

Design

The hull of the ship is made of steel, has an elongated forecastle (by 2/3 of the length of the hull), a large collapse of the frames in the bow and a double bottom along its entire length. In the lower part of the nose end, a radome of the antenna post and instrumentation of the GAK (hydroacoustic complex), which has a "torpedo-like" shape, is mounted. The length of the HOOK fairing is about 30 m, the diameter is more than 5.1 m. Such a design, causing bottom slamming and strong flooding of the bow, adversely affects the seaworthiness of the ships of this project, while making it difficult to use ship weapons.

The internal premises of the hull are separated by refractory bulkheads; non-combustible materials are used in the decoration of the premises. Project 1155 ships also have a stationary foam extinguishing system.

In the middle and aft parts of the hull of the ships of the project there are 3 groups of superstructures. When making them wide application found aluminum-magnesium alloys. In the aft superstructure there are two semi-recessed helicopter hangars, aft TLUs of the Kinzhal air defense system and 2 RBU-6000 rocket launchers.

Power plant

The main power plant, completely identical to the power plant installed on patrol ships project 1135 "Petrel", consists of 2 GTA (gas-turbine units) M9, each of which is designed so that it works only on its own shaft line. Each unit includes a main engine GTD D090 with a capacity of 9000 hp. With. and afterburner gas turbine engine DT59 with a capacity of 22,500 liters. With. An emergency control post for afterburner GTAs is provided; in the normal functioning of all systems of the ship, the main mechanisms are controlled using a pneumoelectric system. The gas outlet from the GTA is carried out from each echelon into 2 chimneys: this allows, if necessary, to make an aggregate replacement of the gas turbine engine.

The electric power system consists of 4 (2 each in the bow and stern engine rooms) GTG-1250-2 gas turbine generators of 1250 kW each, of which one GTG in each of the engine rooms of the ship has heat recovery boilers operating on the heat transfer of the GTG flue gases, which supplement the steam capacity steam boilers and provide steam to general ship consumers.

Service

At the beginning of 2010, the Russian Navy has 8 ships of this type, including:

• Northern Fleet- "Admiral Levchenko", "Severomorsk", "Vice-Admiral Kulakov", "Admiral Kharlamov" (in reserve, the start of the planned modernization was delayed).
• Pacific Fleet - "Admiral Vinogradov", "Marshal Shaposhnikov", "Admiral Panteleev", "Admiral Tributs".

Project evaluation

After the commissioning of the first ships of project 1155 and the accumulation of experience in their operation at one of the meetings with the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy S.G. Gorshkov in 1983, the question was raised about the shortcomings of the 1155 project. These were the absence of anti-ship missiles on the ship, weak anti-aircraft and artillery weapons.

According to the results of consideration by the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy S.G. Gorshkov decided to develop a modification of the ship with enhanced artillery and controlled missile weapons. V.P. became the chief designer of the new project 1155.1. Mishin, his assistants for project 1155 were appointed deputies, later I.M. Shramko, the main observer - N.A. Andreev.

While maintaining almost all shipbuilding elements in the new project, anti-submarine missile system The Metel was replaced by the anti-ship Moskit, the 533 mm torpedo tubes were replaced by the Vodopad universal anti-submarine system, and two 100-mm artillery installations AK-100 on one 130-mm AK-130, RBU-6000 rocket launchers - on the Udav-1 anti-torpedo defense missile system, AK-630M 30-mm assault rifles - on the Kortik air defense system, and Polinom SJSC - at the Zvezda-2 SJSC.

To improve seaworthiness, improve the conditions for using weapons and crew comfort, a roll stabilizer with non-retractable rudders was installed for the first time on the BOD of project 11551. Compared to the previously used dampers with retractable rudders, the new damper began to occupy much smaller volumes, and was made in the form of a single unit.

A comparative assessment of the set of solved anti-submarine, anti-torpedo, missile defense and anti-ship tasks of the BOD of project 1155.1 and the ship of project 1155 shows that the BOD of project 1155.1 exceeds its predecessor by 1.3-1.4 times and, in essence, is a prototype for promising multi-purpose guard ships. The engineering solutions embedded in it and the high modernization potential can be the basis for creating new (including export) options that take into account the requirements of the customer as much as possible. The Russian Navy has only one ship of this project - the Admiral Chabanenko.

Now these are the main Russian ships far sea zone - they are sent to the Gulf of Aden to fight Somali pirates, which Russia has been actively conducting since 2008.

As a source at the main headquarters of the Navy told Izvestia, 30-year-old BODs will be equipped with modern A-192 Armat guns, missiles "Caliber" and the latest air defense and missile defense system with missiles from the S-400 Redut.

- Thanks to this alteration, BODs will actually become destroyers and will be able to destroy not only submarines, but also surface ships, aircraft, missiles and ground targets. That is, they will become universal warships, - the interlocutor of the publication explained.

According to him, the modernization of the BOD 1155, according to preliminary calculations, will cost 2 billion rubles for each ship, while the cost of building a new destroyer of a comparable level starts at 30 billion rubles.

Retired Admiral Vladimir Zakharov explained to Izvestiya that the modernization of the BOD 1155 would allow in a short time to receive a ship that meets all the urgent requirements of the fleet.

« New destroyer far sea zone, which can replace the "Remote", will appear no earlier than 2020. New ships of such a displacement as BOD 1155 are not even in the project yet. And of the modern ships, only frigates of project 22350 have such functions as his. But they are almost half the size, therefore they are less autonomous - they cannot sail far from the base - and they carry less weapons, ”Zakharov explained.

The Russian Navy has begun a large-scale modernization program for the main "workhorses" of the surface forces - large anti-submarine ships (BPK) of Project 1155 Udaloy. At least five BODs will receive Kalibr cruise missile launchers and targeting equipment. They will be able to strike at coastal targets and the enemy fleet from a long distance. So far, these ships have not had any anti-ship weapons, nor long-range air defense systems - therefore, they received the nickname "pigeons of peace" from the sailors. According to experts, the Soviet-built frigates will turn into modern attack ships.

As Izvestia was told at the Navy Command, work on large anti-submarine ships of project 1155 has already begun. The installation of the Caliber complex on the Admiral Shaposhnikov BOD continues. Until 2022, five BODs from the Northern and Pacific Fleets will undergo repairs and modernization. During the modernization, the possibility of equipping them with promising Onyx anti-ship missiles will also be considered.

Project 1155 frigates built back in the 80s turned out to be technically perfect and unpretentious, so they still form the basis of ocean surface forces. But until recently, these ships were equipped only with 100-mm guns and Metel torpedo missiles.

The first reports of plans to modernize the project 1155 appeared in 2013. Then Izvestia wrote that the BOD could be equipped with new A-192 gun mounts, Caliber missiles and an air defense system based on the S-400. However, such a rearmament requires a serious and lengthy rework, and the fleet needs ships of this class right now. Therefore, the choice was made in favor of the "lightweight" version of the upgrade.

After repair and modernization, the ships will receive strike capabilities, become more versatile and serve the fleet for at least another 10-15 years, according to military historian Dmitry Boltenkov. According to him, Project 1155 BODs now, in fact, form the backbone of the surface forces and display the Russian flag around the world.

These ships have absorbed the latest achievements of the Soviet defense industry, have proven themselves well, and the sailors praise them, - the expert explained. - Modernization is needed. Now they are armed only with cannons and an outdated missile system that cannot cope with modern systems air defense. "Calibers", most likely, will be installed in the bow of the ship - instead of the front gun turret. Thus, it is possible in a short time to get a ship that meets all the urgent needs of the fleet.

Project 1155 is considered the most advanced of the Soviet surface submarine hunters in the ocean zone. gas turbine power point allowed to avoid many problems arising during the operation of boiler-turbine systems. Such ships received a powerful sonar complex "Polynom", anti-submarine missiles and anti-aircraft missile system "Dagger". However, the frigates lacked anti-ship weapons, as it was assumed that the destroyers would fight the surface ships.

From 1980 to 1991, 13 BODs of project 1155 were built (one of them was built according to the improved project 1155.1). They were given the names of Russian and Soviet admirals. To date, eight such ships remain in service - four in the Pacific Fleet and the same number in the Northern Fleet. These frigates were actively used during anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden and off the coast of Somalia.