Cl spelling tasks for all the rules. Spelling exercises online

This is one of the topics educational and methodical manual “Preparing for the exam in the Russian language. SPELLING". The topic "Spelling of vowels" contains theoretical and practical material conducive to comprehension educational material to the maximum short term, allowing to improve the spelling literacy of students, independently prepare for the exam in the Russian language. The theoretical material is reinforced by various practical tasks, including control tests. To control the effectiveness of mastering the educational material, texts of increased difficulty are offered at the end of the topic.

Compiled by: teacher of Russian language and higher literature qualification category, Excellent student of public education Podstrekha Nila Mikhailovna.

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This is one of the teaching topics. methodological manual“We are preparing for the Russian language exam. SPELLING". The topic "Spelling prefixes" contains theoretical and practical material that contributes to the meaningful assimilation of educational material in the shortest possible time, allowing you to improve the spelling literacy of students, and independently prepare for the exam in the Russian language. Theoretical material is reinforced by a variety of practical tasks, including control test tasks. To control the effectiveness of mastering the educational material, texts of increased difficulty are offered at the end of the topic.

Compiled by: teacher of the Russian language and literature of the highest qualification category, Excellent student of public education Podstreha Nila Mikhailovna.

Krasnodar Territory, Leningradskaya station,municipal budgetary educational institution secondary school No. 1 named after. Z.Ya. Lavrovsky village of the Leningrad municipality Leningradsky district

SPELLING

Theoretical material

To check an unstressed vowel in the root, it is necessary to select a single-root, related in meaning, word in which the vowel is in strong position (shock), for example:

Dedication light a lantern - St. e t;

Dedicated to give life to science - St. I then

ATTENTION!

In some roots, there is an alternation of vowels, which cannot be checked by “stress”.

Perfective verbs cannot be checked with an imperfective verb: “op about build" cannot be checked with the word "op a hello", but it is necessary "p o late", "late".

In words of Old Church Slavonic origin with unstressed non-vowel combinations ra, la (in Russian roots they correspond to full-vowel combinations oro, olo) in the root it is written a: reins (groove), cloud (shell).

Write by inserting the missing letters, explaining the spelling of words:

Zadr ... reap-dr ... zh mind ... lyat-m ... lit

Zar ... reap-zar ... for the mind ... lyat-do m ... lym

Annoying ... reap-dr ... know oz ... m-z ... opinion

Zap ... wat-zap ... oz..m- o z ... mlu

Zap ... wat-zap sp ... shi-sp ... shka

... leading to the end-leading ... dshy sp ... shi-sp ... jester

Leading ... in the castle-in ... children skating ... with five teeth-skating ... p

Develop ... flag-in ... yat hide ... five heart-red ... pki

Developing ... child-development ... tie r ... splendid-r ... sloppy

Show ... yanie-k ... yatsya.

Roots with alternating vowels.

Morphological group of roots(the spelling of the vowel depends on the suffix-a-)

Phonetic group of roots(the spelling of the vowel depends on the stress).

Lexical root group(the spelling of the roots depends on the meaning of the word)

Fundamentally -growth-, -growth-, -growth-the spelling of a vowel depends on

consonant combinations at the very root:

Grow-: grow,

Rasch-:grown,

Ros-: grew up,

Exception: sprout, usurer, Rostislav, Rostov, industry

There are many words whose vowels in the roots cannot be checked by stress. Their spelling is determined by the dictionary. The spelling of the most common words should be remembered: panorama, periphery, obsession, object, conductor, disaster, basket, experiment, front garden, etc.

It is necessary to distinguish:

Campaign (event, war) - company (group of people);

Deficiency-deficient, defect-defective;

Tape recorder, magnetism, charm-smell;

Grocery glass

K-rnaval, b-ton, b-chevka, b-don, badm-nton, el-xir, est-kada, morning-mbov, sp-rtakiada, subscription, d-zertir, adv-kat, excit- strike, k-nonada, d-clamation, k-mponovka, v-tchina, d-zenteria, k-lach, ant-gonism, m-numment, scrupulous, dil-tant, k-varny, prov-cation, v-trushka, v-stibule, privilege, v-negret, dir-ktiva, g-rnison, adventurer, m-ridian, p-lisadnik, accomp-nement, v-lidol, k-morka, v- ntilation, per-feria, declaration-walkie-talkie, int-ll-genzia, k-nfork, p-skar, k-rawai, scholarship, pig-face, k-bura, deficiency-cit, m-lancholia, k- cardinal, certificate-fiqat, c-loric, obv-give birth, pr-vintia, d-magog, art-leria, r-glament, apl-disments, b-yokot, v-cansia, af-rism, dosk-nal, bakhr-ma, d-vision, k-rifey, apartments, vet-rinar, d-crimination, an-malia, g-risont, izhd-crown, k-rporation, k-rnis, d-cret, g- barytes.

Fill in the missing letters, check yourself in the dictionary.

K-ntingent, l-quidation, resolution, ref-rat, ham-leon, met-orite, rehabilitation, agr-gat, l-noleum, -bondation, m-tivation, pre-election campaign, metz- nat, n-stalgia, extra-vagant, pess-mist, hug, primitive, p-spectable, pr-tocol, preliminary, opt-mist, pan-frame, p-license, ob-lisk, p-cent, orange-rhea, par-dox, par-pet, hug, restore, p-liter, sharpen, r-liquia, suv-renitet, pr-ambula, training, sh- renga, k-varny, kat-goria, experiment, stencil-ret, range-of-zones, an-nimny, criminal-nal, or-ginal, an-malny, stir-up, ep-demia, pr-vincial, civilization, del-gat, exp-diction, d-nastia, prospect-ktiva, m-lancholia, fr-gat, p-rolon, nav-gation, exp-nat, compr-mat, k-tastrofa, v- mouth-watering, k-competence, help-resolve, corp-walkie-talkie, trustworthy, combo-zones.

Pick up the test words, insert the missing letters.

M ... rchisty, protector ... st ... gave birth to cities, up ... burning, imagining ... burning, mind ... to lie, flatter ... to, enlighten ... schenie, debauch ... to deceive, ... to cry for help, zap ... shaft in the choir, furnish ... revitalization, renewed ..., revival, ... to be ... expected, to ... key, por ... degraded, parted ..., earthquake ... se... plan, relocate ... new, unite ... unite, fascinating ... story, entertaining ... pouring an oven, description, flattening, smothering, teacher ... teacher, och ... roving, compressing ... younger, unfurling a flag, dedicating ... verses, scornful ... living, impressive ... smoldering, showing ... , connecting ... nutritious, r ... splendid, absorb ..., b ... chew the barge, hide ... sing with the door, bless ... infuse, condition ... infuse, empower ... chime, increase ... give from the heat, floor ... clean linen, spread ... crops , b... to cheat vices, hide ... to drink with a seal, a terrible ghost ... to dim ... to mean, to induce boredom, to sever ... to a gun, to greet ... to give a friend, to beg ... to help, to ... to wire.

In what rows in all words is an unstressed vowel omitted, checked by stress?

1. Help ... d ... document, urgent ...;
2. Statement, d...conduct, d...lekaya;
3. In ... newish, pov ... r, vbl ... zi;
4. Aqua ... real, s ... rya, uk ... rot;
5. Heat ... wate, str ... mlenie, compose ... melting;
6. Under ... rit, hv ... stun, listening ... lying;
7. Go through ... resh, insidious, st ... rone;
8. Charm, prick ... sleep, l ... swearing;
9. They gather ... tanned ... red, to ... mersant;
10. Per ... od, to ... sew, preliminary ...;
11. C ... tuation, cf ... huddle, b ... sitting;
12. Softening, enticing, exercising, softening;
13. St ... carefully, lake ... renny, square ... station;
14. Ep...demic, layer...line, transform...transform;
15. Predominate ... dominate, p ... chat, tossing ... pyas;
16. Bewildered ... m ... licks, m ... todika;
17. Fading ... sti, l ... cloudy, burning ... ganing;
18. In ... rshina, support ... neigh, burn ... lei;
19. Nar ... becoming, load ... wait, naked ... married;
20. Del ... gat, overheat ... ret, obligatory.

Write off, inserting the missing letters, select the test words.

Try on rivals, zap, try on a dress, see seedlings, hit oz, skr-drink with a signature, ripens oz, get out of the car, set up, tie a bow, p - to drink on fate, to sit on a bench, to drink arbitrariness, a forester's guard, a teacher, a stop, to separate, to consecrate the temple, good illumination, unification, snowy l- wine, put a signer, ob-tatel, use the page, cultivated land, m-loving blocks, m-loving young man, t-skinning, built villages, a sudden conjecture dawned.

Write, correcting the mistakes made.

Shine with beauty, start work, reader, electoral campaign, spread, freeze with happiness, overture, charm, hair, sit, dependent, new biret, watercolor, level the ditch, combine, swimmer, insight, grow, touch, burnt man, drink medicine, blooper, shiver from the cold, graying, defuse crops, claim, overgrown with moss, meteorite.

Control tasks

1. Indicate the correct, in your opinion, answer option.

Test No.

Unchecked unstressed vowels

1) m ... gister 4) b ... calavr

2) p ... rket 5) f ... nar

3) b ... talon

B. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) to ... tank 4) gastr ... nom

2) b ... lagur 5) prop ... ganda

3) b ... klazhan

AT. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) to ... bluk 4) yoke ... rka

2) p ... front garden 5) k ... lchan

3) p ... clinic

G. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) p ... ligon 4) guidance ...

2)to…bottom 5)adv…cat

3) to ... habits

D. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) t ... tank 4) turn ...

2) in ... the hall 5) hugging ... hugging

3) to ... rzina

1) man…fest 4) p…scar

2) match ... ha 5) exam ... nator

3) sn ​​... weight

AND. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) m ... cenat 4) chr ... stomatia

2) id ... crown 5) l ... pour

3) scholarship ... pend

Z. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) n ... hilism 4) t ... rarium

2) d ... firamb 5) cor ... dor

3)exp…distion

AND. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) int ... ligent 4) b ... nocle

2) man…pulation 5)b…tone

3) welcome ... legion

It is necessary to distinguish:

Crop crop

(Words with the root krap have the meaning marked, speckled (marked cards, marble with splashes). Root crop has several meanings: lightly sprinkle, fall in small drops (sprinkle with holy water, rain sprinkles all day); diligently, delving into the little things (painstaking work, scribbling a novel).

Sed-sid

letter e it is written in the words saddle, squat and formed from them (you can check saddles, squat). Letter and it is written in the word sit and in words formed from it (you can check: sitting)

SPELLING

Test #1

Checked unstressed vowels

BUT. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) dr ... press 4) k ... short

2) service ... wait 5) limit ... give

3) after ... harvest

B. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) us ... rip 4) under ... rip

2) floor ... look for a child 5) litter ... rit

3) floor ... ski linen

AT. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) listen ... 4) br ... thread

2) split ... 5) guard ... take

3) ur ... thread

G. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) consecration ... 4) develop ... will

2) op ... kunstvo 5) in ... trilo

3) in ... new stairs

D. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) help ... cut 4) stop ... giving

2) old ... ki 5) kill ... walk

3) st ... hat

E. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) pick up ... 4) m ... todika

2) hug ... squeeze the child 5) spit ... dka

3) squeeze ... around the house

1) remember ... rite 4) bring on ... longing

2) curl ... hair 5) wrap ... skin

3) develop ... to float in the wind

Z. Indicate the words in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.

1) excellent ... chat 4) sh ... burn a torch for

2) making a samovar

3) it hurts sch ... to sleep 5) obl ... zat lips

AND. Indicate the words in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.

1) hide ... sing 4) next ... sing

2) follow ... sing 5) record ... a song

3) fill up with water

Test #2

Vowel alternation in word roots

BUT. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) start ... army 4) die ... army

2) obd ... army 5) mind ... ret

3) lock up

B. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) send ... take 4) pick up ... take

2) select ... take 5) lock ...

3) cancel ... army

AT. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) distance ... to lay 4) bl ... to steer

2) distance ... pour 5) bl ... become

3) send ... ret

G. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) prik ... sleep 4) zag ... army

2) pl ... vec 5) r ... wall

3) arr ... become

D. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) p ... vesnik 4) prik ... descent

2) s ... rnitsa 5) industrial ... porridge

3) to ... satelnaya

E. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) adjective ... 4) application ...

2) r ... seaman 5) ur ... attention

3) approved ... r

1) offer ... live 4) pl ... sneeze

2) tilt ... thread 5) level ... vein

3) r ... wine

Z. Indicate the words in which the letter O is written in place of the gap.

1) open ... open the door 4) refuse ... sl

2) sun ... read 5) p ... drain

3) sk ... kat

AND. Indicate the words in which the letter O is written in place of the gap.

1) float ... wok 4) exchange ... whip

2) beetle-pl ... bunny 5) presentation ... zhenie

3) vym ... whip

Test #3

Unchecked unstressed vowels

BUT. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) m ... gister 4) b ... calavr

2) p ... rket 5) f ... nar

3) b ... talon

B. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) to ... tank 4) gastr ... nom

2) b ... lagur 5) prop ... ganda

3) b ... klazhan

AT. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) to ... bluk 4) yoke ... rka

2) p ... front garden 5) k ... lchan

3) p ... clinic

G. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) p ... ligon 4) guidance ...

2)to…bottom 5)adv…cat

3) to ... habits

D. Write the words that have the letter A in place of the gap.

1) t ... tank 4) turn ...

2) in ... the hall 5) hugging ... hugging

3) to ... rzina

E. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) mann…fest 4) p…scar

2) match ... ha 5) exam ... nator

3) sn ​​... weight

AND. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) m ... cenat 4) chr ... stomatia

2) id ... crown 5) l ... pour

3) scholarship ... pend

Z. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) n ... hilism 4) t ... rarium

2) d ... firamb 5) cor ... dor

3)exp…distion

AND. Select the words in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

1) int ... ligent 4) b ... nocle

2) man…pulation 5)b…tone

3) welcome ... legion

Exercise 1

Make a diagram "Principles of Russian spelling". Give relevant examples that reflect the differences between these principles.

Exercise 2

Place the stress in the words and explain the spelling of unstressed vowels, choosing related words with stressed vowels.

Scourging, favor, in the distance, recover, late, grow decrepit, single, stab, harden, sang, wear out, break, reign, lecture hall, stucco molding, miner, weld, anvil, heap up, flood, whale, softening, oppress, old-timer, careful, be surprised, encouraged, stiff, withdraw, condense, pay, generosity.

Exercise 3

Rewrite with missing letters. Explain the spelling of words with missing letters.

1. The sea after the storm still breathed cold ... house and did not let the sun heat ... pour air. When a thick cloud floated on the sun, the grater intensified. The tr...pinka at first smoldered among the low h...lms, then straight and strongly pulled upwards, through a dense, f...ing walnut forest (Nag.).

2. In nature, animals, birds, insects are divided into day ... out and night .... Is it possible that people, in whom all nature is gathered, have smoothed out this fundamental difference in themselves in a relatively short time of their existence on earth? (Prishv.).

3. Mikhail pulled out his lips and tried to imitate the nightingale (Alex.).

4. The music that I heard as a child, twisted ... froze in me, froze ... did not, and those of her ups to the sky, to the stars ... here, from which I once cried, dissolved ... rushed into the heart (Ast.).

5. At midnight, over the city ... the house ... rolled a heavy ... yellow rumble. The wind owned ... the bodies through the window, blew the curtains ... the weights and rushed off again (Paust.).

6. The pike flickered ... rushed, the fisherman ... sank into the ice water, but did not let go of the spear, disappeared under the water ..., emerged near the ice, crawled out ... and pulled out the catch ... pike (Prishv.).

Exercise 4

Divide the verbs into two columns depending on the vowel in their ending. Determine the verb conjugation.

(Not) dressing, (not) obeying, (not) renouncing, (not) clumsy, (not) working ... sharing, (not) weighty, (not) overpowering, (not) much, (not) tolerance, (not) go around.

Exercise 5

Divide the words with not into two columns depending on their spelling.
View .. sh, separating ... sh, asking ... sh, find ... t, breathe ... tsya, leaving ... sh, connect ... t, respect ... t, meet ... sya, illuminating ... t, remembering ... t.

Test on the topic "Principles of Russian spelling"

1. In which word is the letter written and?

1) Prezidium;
2) pr_privilege;
3) obstacle;
4) save;
5) pr_preliminary.

2. What words are spelled with a double consonant?

1) Dramatic;
2) play_a;
3) see;
4) married;
5) ra_calculate.

3. Find words with alternating vowels at the root.

1) Loud;
2) reconciliation;
3) bend over;
4) shaggy;
5) waterproof.

4. Find words with alternating vowels in the root.

1) Rack;
2) melt;
3) rubbing;
4) freeze;
5) industry.

5. In what words is written ь after hissing?

1) Widely_;
2) hot_;
3) cut off;
4) trembling_;
5) having fun.

6. Which words have an unstressed vowel missing about?

7. Which words contain one letter l?

1) Intelligence;
2) appeal;
3) dieter;
4) compilation;
5) ka_igrafiya.

8. What words are misspelled?

1) Accompaniment;
2) subscription;
3) antagonism;
3) dramaturgy;
5) cavalry.

9. What words spell the letter yo?

1) Sh_pot;
2) w_rox;
3) thicket_ba;
4) w_key;
5) f_lob.

10. Find words - exceptions to the rule "Writing a letter and–s after c».

1) Best samples_;
2) quotes from the works of the classics;
3) Troop Tryapits_na;
4) walked on tiptoes;
5) operational day.

11. What words have a letter b does not indicate the softness of the preceding consonant?

1) The bitterness of separation;
2) persistent request;
3) I will take from the assistant;
4) sow rye;
5) went up to the porch.

12. Select cases of continuous spelling.

1) Pass (half) light;
2) go around (half) Moscow;
3) buy (half) a box;
4) write out (half) the sheet;
5) read (half) the novel.

13. Choose words with hyphens.

1) (One) act ballet;
2) (literary) musical composition;
3) (dizzying) whirlwind career;
4) (blue) eyed baby;
5) (light) gray suit.

14. In what words is a double letter written With at the junction of morphemes?

1) Arzama_cue;
2) even;
3) calculation;
4) review;
5) voznyo_ya.

15. In which words should one letter be written n?

1) Zhzhe_y;
2) seriously wounded;
3) fried;
4) kova_y;
5) supported.

16. What words should be written in nn?

1) Early_th;
2) glassy;
3) scrap_th;
4) swans_y;
5) karma_th.

17. What words end in -and?

1) Report on the opening_;
2) discussion about art_;
3) by next week_;
4) letter to Lidi_;
5) proceed from the situation_.

18. In the endings of which nouns is written e?

Attend 1) at a rally_;
2) at a lecture_;
3) for housewarming_;
4) to a concert_;
5) at the meeting_.

19. Indicate the verbs in the personal endings of which, when changing in faces, you will write a letter and.

1) Measure depth;
2) measure with a pole;
3) overcome an obstacle;
4) completely dependent;
5) hold your breath;

20. Find words that are spelled together.

1) Act (for) good luck;
2) (during) the excursion;
3) (c) ancient times;
4) (for) forever and ever;
5) (to) found strength.

21. Indicate sentences in which verbs are written with b.

1) To become a man, they must be born.
2) If you find a true friend, the paths become short.
3) Light remains light, although the blind cannot see it.
4) Good must be hurried, otherwise it may remain without an addressee.
5) We'll have to hurry up.

22. Which of the numbers are written with b In the middle?

1) Friday (?) eleven (?);
2) six(?)ten(?);
3) sem(?) hundred(?);
4) eight (?) eleven (?);
5) eight(?)ten(?).

23. Which of the proposed words are written in one word?

1) (Seven) (hundreds) (twenty);
2) (eight) (ten) (five);
3) (twenty) (three) (year-old);
4) (one hundred) (thousandth);
5) (thirty)(three).

This work is presented as a test dictation with a grammar task. It can be used to check the spelling and punctuation knowledge of students 7 (end school year) -8 (1 quarter) classes. It can be used as homework or test work. Consists of text in which you want to insert the missing letters and punctuationand explain their setting.All spellings and punctograms used in the textstudied by students in grades 5-7. The following grammar task is attached to the text:

1) Perform a complete syntactic analysis of the selected sentences.

2) Analyze words by composition, pick up words with the same root.

View document content
"CHECKING WORK ON SPELLING AND PUNCTUATION FOR GRADE 8 "REPEAT OF 5-7 GRADES PASSED FOR THE COURSE""

Preparatory dictation.

Complete the tasks for the text:

Write down the text, insert the missing letters, mark and explain the spelling; where necessary, select test words.

Place punctuation marks, explain their setting (indicate grammar basics, homogeneous members proposals, involved and adverbial phrases etc.)

Complete the parsing of the highlighted sentences.

Offer for parsing highlighted in green.

Analyze the words by composition, select the words with the same root, designate the root in the words with the same root.Words for parsing by composition are highlighted in blue.

I remember the load that caught us on the road.

I'm with ... my mother in a wooden ... barn under a ... l ... me (n / n) th roof. In the open gates, muddy from the pr…l…clear rain, lightning blazed with blue z…gzags. Thor…pliv…cr…mother squealed tightly…clutching me to her chest.

I pr (i / s) listened ... to the sound of rain to heavy r ... stings of thunder to ra (s / s) d (i / e) hearing the crackle of blows to be (s / s) calm ... rustling mice in oats ... oh s ... scrap.

Having risen, we saw ... whether in ... companies (a / o) a diamond grid of rain and squaw (s / s) pr ... transparent ... drops were already shining ... beaming with rays of joyful summer ... e ... nce.

The father harnessed the glossy ... fright from the rain ... th gr ... zoy losh ... dey (un) patient ... lily and frantically ... calmly stepping over their feet. It was even more fun ... until it was planted ... with birches and (o / a) a road washed by rain. A (many) colored rainbow in ... a village (above) a meadow bright with ... nce bl ... a stele on the backs of briskly running horses ... dey. I was sitting next to my father, looking ... on a bl ... waving puddles ... waving (c) in front of the road to wow ... dim dark, illuminating ... yet ... with ... nets and still a formidable cloud on the table (b / n) of white smoke lifted ... mavsh ... gosya (c) gave ... ke over the (l / lj) e ... th gr ... zoya barn. I listened to the merry voices of the birds in the opened ... washed to me ... m, wonderful ... sunny ... world.

New tasks in "Spelling by the rules"

New exercises are aimed mainly at visual memorization of words on the following rules: spelling of vowels after hissing, use of Y, use soft sign, spelling of prepositions and prefixes, the use of a hyphen, the spelling of paired, unpronounceable and doubled consonants, the spelling of unstressed vowels at the root of a word.
All exercises are checked automatically, which allows you to instantly know your result.
Dictation added mostly vocabulary. 29 vocabulary dictations for different rules and 2 text dictations. Including added a generalizing vocabulary dictation for H and HH. Out of 250 phrases, 50 are randomly selected. So the computer each time creates a new unique version of the final work. This dictation is also included in the simulator for H and HH.

All exercises have been tested, they have corrected the detected technical errors. We are still checking the dictations. This will take a couple of weeks. We will write about the exploits of the people who helped us test the course. The best testers will be awarded.

The exercises will be offered to course participants as independent work to consolidate the material covered in the webinars.

Well Spelling according to the rules slightly increased in price. Work on it continues. During the fall, it is planned to add several dozen text dictations of different levels of complexity. Buy the course now so you don't have to pay twice as much later.

By tradition, when announcing the addition of new tasks, we offer one of them perform for free right now. This is a complex version of a dictation based on a simple rule.

Exercise 262. Rewrite, inserting, where necessary, the missing letters.

I. 1. I and the old woman Izergil remained under the thick shade ... of the vines and, lying on the ground, were silent, looking at how that ... t in the blue darkness of the night, the strength ... you of those people who went to the sea. (Bitter.) 2. Within ... five weeks, Dr. Lyubomudrov n ... could determine with sufficient clarity ... the patient's ... illness. (Bitter.) 3. Steam, invisible in the night, rustled ... a passage with extinguished ... lights, and a human avalanche rolled forward, towards the deb ... rkader. (Chuck.) 4. The woman responded, asked to wait, and he waited so long that he already wanted to postpone the conversation, when she secretly ... correctly informed him of the appointed hour, the entrance ... and the room where he should come ... ti. (Fed.) 5. For some ... be two or three days of foliage ... th time ... c ... sends ... m ... tatted green ... fur coat of the taiga with a motley pattern. (Field.) 6. Seryozha, spring ... a blue-eyed boy with a heart ... Danko, cried out for revenge, the children in the arms of their mothers pulled thin hands ... nk to Pulat - and he ... n ... could ... help ... …. (Rush.) 7. One English scientist ... recently added ... the weight of the catch ... oh in England fish per unit ... tackle and was horrified: until recently, one tackle was ... one hundred and fifty kilograms ... caught ... oh fish, and now - n ... more than seven ... eleven kilograms ... s. (Closed) 8. Quietly ... I got up from the table, went to the window and looked down - there was a big red sign with white letters "Green Trade". (Andreev) 9. He indicated in the rap ... mouth that, as it turned out, his real, native father ... was a hero civil war Vasily Yakovlevich Tolstikov, who died near Tsaritsyn ... m, and later turned out to be ... an enemy of the people Serpilin, for whom his mother married a second marriage, adopted him at the age of five ... years. (Sim.) 10. It is necessary to jump out ... to the shore, and sometimes into the water and pull ... the ladder by the rope. In hot weather, it's just nice. In evil ... bad weather is also good. But in such a drizzle - n ... fish n ... meat. N... struggle, n... pleasure. (Sart.)

II. 1. In the darkness, scattering ... wa ... my white ... heat of snow, there was a measured step battle ... on. (Beck) 2. After examining the slices ... interspersed ... with onions, cucumbers ... and p ... midors, looking at the egg ... tsu-glazunyo, Zakamyshny found that the tables were set generously, that Ivan Lukich would be pleased, and there would be no conscience in front of the guests …but. (Babaev.) 3. With every minute, the kurens were more and more filled with any ... voices, any ... movements - in one yard, the mother called her son, in the other she cried, burst into tears ... woke up in time ... child. In the yard near the linden old man he led the horse in, the piglets were driven out from the yard opposite, and behind them zamurza dutifully walked ... th boy ... with drooping ... old man's shoulders ... (Mel.) 4. The proximity of the river was felt in everything: in the fresh ... fresh air, in the plentiful river ... all on the grass, splashing on people with bright ice ... drops, in the sacrament ... sounds characteristic of common ... speech, - in a quiet gurgle ..., a short sudden splash, rustling ..., similar to h ... and something quick, careful steps: maybe it's a fox revelry ... shaft in the reeds, or maybe grey Wolf under ... skimmed a dry island ... to settle down there to rest and take a nap in the sun ... shke. (Tyutyun.) 5. Nikita, squinting from ... ts and snow shine, walked slowly ... oh, choosing ... a path, stepping with galoshes carefully along the bumpy ... oh, slippery highway ... eyka, and as if listening ... listened and looked ... fell to everything ahead. (Smyrn.) 6. Everyone said w ... then, shiver ... rolled, like the tip ... of a kabatchikov's knife sh ... cut between the shoulder blades. (Smyrn.) 7. The siren came to life ... a trumpet, rustled ... sang, coughed, clearing her throat, and sang sharply, sadly, a little unpleasantly, like Klavka Kosourova, a ts ... gank. Deafened…the guys backed away in surprise, but immediately leaned closer to the gra…phone. (Smyrn.)

Exercise 263. Rewrite, replacing lowercase letters with uppercase letters where necessary.

1. And the falcon shouted with anguish and pain, gathering all his strength: “Oh, if I could rise into the sky at least once! .. I would press the enemy ... to the wounds of my chest and ... he would choke on my blood! .. oh, the happiness of the battle! » And I thought: “It must be really pleasant to live in the sky, since he moans like that! ..” (Bitter.) 2. Words resounded in Mitya's ears, one harsher than the other. (Blue.) 3. Just at that predawn hour, when the mother said goodbye to her son and the Volga familiar to us, having jumped over the bridge, disappeared into the Kuban gorge, in the unfortunate thing happened that should have happened: Ilya Golubkov freed the stesha from captivity. (Babaev.) 4. Finally, Zavyalov pulled out the right address: Kirovsky Prospekt, 81. He was asked not to write anything down, they just said the address and nothing speaking name institutions: "NII-24". (Chuck.) 5. For some reason, it seemed that the southern cross glowed differently and dominated the night sky, but it is simple: an ordinary rhombus, a modest combination of dim stars. (Cap.) 6. I returned to the "penguin" with a brochure about Russian sailors who visited the sloops "Vostok" and "Peaceful" in the Antarctic in the last century. (Cap.) 7. Stopped to smoke and looked around. "Prague" is in place, the cinema is in place, here is the old arbat, squeezed by houses, but the square is not the same. - It seemed to merge into a new, unfamiliar to him wide street that made its way through the residential area to the Moscow River. And this is the new Arbat. Here he is. Boldly slashed! I crossed the square, heading for Gogol Boulevard. (Pop) 8. B holidays the old man put on his regalia - two soldier's "George", the order of the red banner for the civil, but for the domestic order of Kutuzov and Suvorov. (Pop.) 9. It’s still impossible to leave home: tomorrow and the day after tomorrow there are a lot of things to do - in the Central Committee itself, and in the Council of Ministers, and even in the Academy of Sciences, where Vasily Antonozich wanted to agree on the transfer to Stargorod of one of the many institutions that he knows academy. Artamonov also had business in Moscow, and, presumably, he would not be going home before the day after tomorrow. “Well, what are we going to do? - asked Artamonov. - to enter the “Danish world”, or what? Grandchildren to look for a toy. (Koch.)

Exercise 264. Rewrite by opening parentheses.

I. 1. Fenya was already sitting at the table, grunting, gnawing sugar - she liked to drink tea (in) a bite. (Sart.) 2. Steamboats are sailing along the Ob, the river lives, the sun is trying (in) all. (Lip.) 3. The captain got out (from) the table, I (in) densely approached me, demonstrating all the (not) clumsiness of an inveterate civilian. (First.) 4. (On) against himself, (in) the right side (floor) of the ring Skripkin noticed a young fat policeman in (floor) military uniform. (Gin.) 5. From the pressure of the headwind, the car shook, and it seemed that it was flying (not) forward, but floating (in) a place with clouds (on) the back. (Fedos.) 6. At the police department, Nadia was told that she (would) be preparing for exile. (That) same three years. (Koptel.) 7. In order (to) serve the motherland, one must be (not) just a loyal, but a true citizen of it, work for her not (for) fear, but (for) conscience. (Nikul.) 8. Zakamyshny wished that (would) dinner be prepared (in) clubbing. (Babaev.) 9. Ivan went down the street in the direction (from) where the sounds of the button accordion flew. Grigory and Galina looked at him (in) the trail. (Babaev.) 10. In the lobby, Zavyalov dropped a (fifteen) kopeck coin into the telephone (machine) and dialed the number information desk. (Chuck.) 11. Zavyalov's request for Prokhorova is (at least) (not) expected. Indeed, (not) absurd: what business could he have with Lisa? (Chuck.) 12. The background of the houses was the wall of the taiga, approaching (in) dense to future streets; (Field) 13. Dina, (then) almost (not) leaving the deck, was very interested in the new passenger. (Field.) 14. Having received the telegram, Litvinov even screwed up his eyes: (polo) water, only this was (not) enough. (Field)

II. 1. In the (end) of the end, I decided to write a note again - briefly and (in) business to say that I had finished the first chapter of the story and I want to show it to her. According to (de) our contract. (Breg.) 2. (Back) Litvinov had a hard working day, (half) an hour (by) back he dreamed (by) to get home as soon as possible, eat, sit on the porch. (Field) 3. The truck raced, wagging, around the haughty golden eagles, sitting along the sides of the wide road. (Not) one golden eagle (did not) move, although the car slipped near them almost (in) grinding. (Paust.) 4. After all (not) for nothing, Svetka called me and my friends "strangers." And such "foreign" young people who waste themselves (for) nothing, not on the main thing, probably always existed, even during the years of the revolution. (Dem.) 5. The blue of Altai, its aroma and that cherished cedar (not) almost (not) approached Ryazantsev, although the driver Vladimirogorsky was driving at a speed of about (eight) ten kilometers per hour: (not) Nastya was moving towards Altai from the (north) west even faster. (Zalyg.) 6. There were (not) a countable number of orchids in the botanical garden. White, red, pink, (thickly) crimson, (gentle) yellow, purple - there is no such cluster of orchids, (apparently) anywhere in the world. (Tikhon.) 7. Alexandrova (then) left her hut, as always, all in black, tied with her (not) changeable scarf, but (did not) approach us, but, stopping at the boundary, (from) under the arms began to look at the sky. (First.) 8. The room looked like an abandoned, (or) no one (not) needed barn. Some scribbled and torn papers lay on the empty tables and on the floor. (Babaev.) 9. Bayutkan (not) expectedly and boldly rushed (to) meet danger, flashed a red shadow between the trunks, rushed past Ulukitkan with horns thrown (on) behind, proud, (not) intimidated. (Fedos.) 10. Better a thunderstorm, a downpour than this grave silence. How depressingly it affects a person! (So) it is likely that both animals and birds are hard to endure long (un)weather. (Fedos.) 11. Everything that we can do without for five or six days: (not) a touchable supply of food, clothes, personal belongings - we put (in) the bottom. The rest: sleeping bags, dishes, a walkie-talkie, (not) a lot of food that will be needed every day in the parking lots - they put (c) on top in the morning. (Fedos.)

III. 1. Tsageridze watched how shaggy snow shadows roamed the taiga, now widely obscuring even the trees closest to the office, then, as if twisted into thick tight bundles, they go somewhere (then) (into) the depths, into the forest thicket, and ( c) after them, the snow-drift tails are tiredly dragging (along) the bottom. (Sart.) 2. Egor Ilyich is always visible in the crowd. And the reason is not that he is dressed in a (not) fashionable now tunic and cap, but that it is simply (not) possible (not) to be noticed. It is (for) this reason that even (un)familiar people look at him for a long time and turn around (in) a trace. (Un) familiar people (from) start to stop on Yegor Ilyich (quickly) a distracted look, (at) that they look more closely, (after) that - (in) all eyes, and (after) turn around, (so) as (not ) the familiar old man is already behind him: he walks briskly. (Lip.) 3. Petin, this businesslike, smart, (kindly) decent cracker, which the engineer still considered him to be, in front of his eyes turns into some (that) other, (never) never (never) seen and probably ( carefully) by the side he hides from people. (Field.) 4. Ryazantsev (at) the end examined her eyes - they were gray with green. And more than Ryazantsev (or) noticed anything (not) in them, because they remained alert (not) from (transient) embarrassment, (not) then it was in their nature - for a long time (not) to anyone ( not) open. (Zalyg.) 5. Elena Semyonovna looked into the stream, saw herself in clear water and stopped, as if looking at something in this reflection. She seemed very light, standing on a stone, on which (barely) barely fit her green (bare) legs. “And (so), then (that) can be ?! - (not) then asked, (not) then she agreed. - (Not) seen, even (not) heard, but (all) still imagined a person ... ”(Zalyg.)

Exercise 266. In the above excerpts from A.P. Chekhov's story "A Letter to a Learned Neighbor", find spelling errors; write out the misspelled words, correcting the latter, and indicate the appropriate spelling rules.

1. Dear Neighbor! Maxim ... (I forgot, as a father, forgive me generously!) Excuse and forgive me an old man and an absurd human soul for daring to bother you with my pathetic written babble. 2. For a long time I have been looking for an opportunity to get to know you, I have been thirsty, because science is in some way our mother, everything is the same as civilization. 3. I do not agree with Gerasimov regarding your mental ideas, because I live and eat only science, which Providence gave to the human race to dig out of the depths of the visible and invisible world precious metals, metalloids and diamonds. 4. You composed and printed in your clever essay, as Gerasimov told me, that there are black spots on the greatest luminary, the sun. 5. I recently read from a French scientist that the lion's face is not at all like a human face, as scientists think. And we'll talk about this. Come, do me a favor. Come tomorrow, for example. Now we eat lenten, but we will cook squirrel for you. My daughter Natasha asked you to bring some smart books with you. She is my emancipe, all of her are fools, only she is smart. Youth now I will tell you, makes itself felt. In a week my brother Ivan (Major) will come to me, a good man, but between us, to say, Bourbon does not like science either. This letter should be delivered to you by my housekeeper Trofim at exactly 8 o'clock in the evening. If he brings him on fire, then beat him on the cheeks, like a professor, there is nothing to stand on ceremony with this tribe.

Exercise 267. Rewrite by opening brackets; where necessary, insert letters and replace lowercase with uppercase.

I. Having passed (half) a verst, Bobrov climbed a hillock. Right under his feet, a huge p…n…frame of the plant, spread over fifty square miles, opened up. This was real city from red brick with a forest (high) of sooty ... pipes sticking out in the air, - a city, all saturated ... with the smell of sulfur and iron fumes, deafening ... my eternal, (not) silence ... my roar. Four houses ... furnaces dominated the factory with their monstrous chimneys. Next to them stood eight ... cowpers, intended ... for circulation ... and heated air, - eight ... huge iron towers ... crowned ... with round domes ... lamas. Other buildings scattered around the house ... of the furnaces: repair shops, a foundry, washing, steam ... cart, (rail) rolling, open-hearth and puddling furnaces, and so on.

The plant descended (to) the bottom in three huge natural areas. In all directions, small steam ... wagons scurried around. Showing up on the lowest step, they flew (to) the top with a piercing whistle, and ... drove for (n ...) how many seconds in the trunks ... firs, (from) where they escaped, shrouded ... in white steam, thundered over the bridges and, (on ) the end, as if through the air, rushed along the kama ... th est ... kams, in order to (would) dump ore and coke into the very chimney of the house ... oh furnace.

Further, behind this natural theme, the eyes ran wide on the chaos that the area represented, destined ... for the construction of the fifth and sixth houses of ... furnaces. It seemed that some (some) terrible underground upheaval threw out these countless piles of rubble, bricks of various sizes and colors, sandy ... p ... ramids, mountains of flagstone, stacks ... of iron and forests. All this was loaded ... m ... expected as (as if) to (be ...) useless, by accident. Hundreds of carts and thousands of people fussed here, like an ant ... in a ruin ... anthill. White fine and caustic lime dust stood like mist in the air.

Even further, on the very edge of the mountains ... of the umbrella, near the long ... freight train, workers crowded, unloading it. On sloping boards, lowered ... from the wagons, (not) in a ... jerky stream ... bricks fell to the ground; iron fell with a ringing and rattling sound; flew in the air, bending and springing (on) the fly, thin boards. Some carts were sent to the train empty ... com, others were returning (from) there, loaded ... (to) the top. Thousands of sounds mixed here in a long ... th jumping ... rumble: thin and pure sounds of stones ... shield ... their chisels, ringing blows of riveters ... chisels, chasing ... rivets on boilers, heavy roar of steam hammers, mighty sighs and whistling of steam pipes and vents ...ka deaf underground explosions that made the earth tremble.

It was a terrible and exciting picture.

(A. I. Kuprin)

II. (B) close to the left side of the "Onega" were submarines. They were old acquaintances: "two hundred and nine" Lyamina and "two hundred and thirteenth" Ratner. In the (half) darkness, they looked ... like huge prehistoric ... monsters - either ... lizards, or ... fishes. (Sete) carved saws with large triangular teeth gave them a special ... o predatory look. (Silver) gray a ... rostats of the barrier, raised into the air above the Petrograd, (then) reminded ... of fish, but of a different breed - fat, sluggish, without ... teeth.

Turovtsev instantly ... dreamed up: the depopulated ... city was taken over by scary ... creatures. They are able to eat, drink and multiply; those with teeth will breed fat and lethargic for meat, houses will turn ... into holes, the city will end its existence, and the falconet rider will be only a stone ... oh block for new inhabitants, near which it is good to warm their stomachs in hot weather.

With a (not) pleasant feeling, he rounded the superstructure and moved to the starboard side. Looked at the waterfront. N… souls. (Un) lit ... houses turned white, like coastal rocks, and even led ... studded forged ... th solution ... summer garden, it seemed, n ... was the creation of human hands. People were only on the Onega. Black ... black pea coats (not) audibly moved among the cannon barrels pulled up ... to the sky: they were already preparing for construction on the quarterdeck, and Turovtsev reached out with his soul to the (not) beloved floating base - in the cold silence of the city it was an island, a basis, trembling ... to … a lobe of … howl of matter, radiating … heat, evaporating … moisture, emitting … a faint smell of burning and fermentation, the smell of Human habitation.

In the powerful ... r ... products installed along the embankment, there was a ... sadly grinding ... thaw. (Behind) then the meter ... n ... m pounded. This size ... th knock, booming, like a heartbeat, at once destroyed the eerie charm that owned the Turovites ... m. The meter ... n ... m knocked (not) a lot, but (on) how the sorcerer, hitting (on) the ground, turned into music: a broad, melodious phrase emerged from the dull roar in ... oloncelles, soloing in ... altars. They broadcast "Andante to ... ntabile" from Tchaikovsky's fifth s...mphonia, this s...mphonia was often played on the radio, and Turovtsev, who re... went to concerts, knew her and loved her. A flexible, a little nasal, in ... a breezing voice in ... torns broke into the gloomy silence of the siege ... of the city, like a warm t ...ation in the ice ... of the ocean. Majesty ... oh and tenderly sang copper, warmed and humanized ... by the breath of a genius, (not) with a weak breath of a ... weighty ... in ... torn, but with a powerful ... with the powerful breath of hundreds ..., mi ... ions of people - living, living and those who will still live, by the creative ... genius of a great people, which is immortal and, therefore, (un)winnable.