Speech therapy massage of the tongue, face and hands for children at home: exercises for the development of speech. Speech therapy massage: effectiveness in combination of techniques

Logopedic massage refers to one of the speech therapy methods and is a method of mechanical action, due to which the state of the peripheral speech apparatus improves.

For severe speech disorders, speech therapy massage is used. It allows you to correct the sound pronunciation, improves the state of the voice, normalizes the tone of the muscles of the speech apparatus, and reduces the time for the formation of pronunciation. Even with severe neurological symptoms, the use of speech therapy massage gives good results.

Focus on the muscles of the cheeks, lips, tongue and soft palate. To select treatment tactics, the massage therapist must palpate the muscles before the session and pay attention to the condition of the muscles of the shoulder girdle, neck, tongue, cheeks and lips.

Speech therapy massage has the following goals:

• Stimulation colloquial speech with a delay in the development of the child
• Decreased salivation
• Reducing the hypertonicity of the muscles involved in articulation.
• Activation of muscles with insufficient contractility.
• Stimulation of kinesthetic sensations.
• Decrease in the degree of muscle motor disorders in concomitant movements, hyperkinesis, impaired coordination of movements.
• Creation of conditions for the development of voluntary movements of the articulatory apparatus.
• Increased elasticity of muscle fibers, contractile function.

Speech therapy massage for children

The position of the child during the session

Before carrying out speech therapy massage, in order to normalize muscle tone, you should choose the correct position for the child. The most optimal:

1. The child is laid on his back, a small roller or a flat pillow is placed under the neck. The head should be slightly tilted back.
2. You can massage in a chair with a high headrest.
3. Small children are massaged in a stroller in a half-sitting position.
4. It is advisable for children who are afraid to sit on their mother's lap.

Massage for low muscle tone

Speech therapy massage begins with the area of ​​the upper shoulder girdle and neck. In this area, all movements are soft, light, embracing. At the same time, the purpose of the massage is to activate the muscles associated with the muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth. Movements must necessarily capture the floor of the mouth, since these muscles are directly connected with the root of the tongue.

Turning to the articulatory muscles, one should take into account the area that is less active in children. The accents in the study relate to those muscles that do not allow the child to make certain articulatory movements. For example, movement disorders can be localized in the region of the masticatory muscle, zygomatic muscles, and buccal muscles. In these areas, it is necessary to actively carry out movements.

The direction of massage movements from the center to the periphery. Classical massage techniques are used. The force of pressure should increase gradually. The pressure should not cause pain in children.

Massage technique

1. Forehead area: longitudinal and transverse stroking.
2. Stroking the upper border of the eye sockets.
3. Stroking from the wings of the nose to the ears.
4. Stroking the lower jaw from the chin to the ears.
5. Spiral kneading of the zygomatic muscle.
6. Kneading the buccal muscle (pinching, spiraling movements).
7. Treatment of the buccal muscle on both sides. The masseur kneads the muscle with one finger from the inside, with the other fingers from the outside.
8. Treatment of the labial muscles. Directions of movement: from the middle of the lip to the corners. The upper and lower lip are processed separately. Apply stroking, tingling lips.
9. Treatment of the nasolabial fold.
10. Application of vibration techniques (manual or hardware method).

In children with convulsive syndrome, vibrations are contraindicated!

Massage for increased muscle tone

Relaxing speech therapy massage is prescribed for children with increased tone of the articulatory muscles. When performing, the child chooses a pose in which tonic reflexes would be manifested to a lesser extent.
Muscle relaxation is achieved with light massage movements from the periphery to the center with a small pressure force. All movements are sliding. Lightly pressing. Repeat each 8 times. Slow movements reduce tissue excitability.

Massage technique

Begin by relaxing the muscles of the neck and shoulder girdle. Perform massage and passive movements head. Holding the child's head, turn the head clockwise, then in the opposite direction. Slow head turns to one side and the other. Relaxation of the neck muscles helps to reduce the tone of the root of the tongue.

Relaxing facial massage:

• Longitudinal and transverse stroking of the forehead
• Stroking the eye area.
• Stroking from the bridge of the nose along the upper edge of the eye sockets to the temples.
• Stroking from forehead to cheeks, chin, neck to collarbones.
• Stroking from the earlobes to the wings of the nose.
• Pinch-shaped stroking of the lower jaw.
• Pressure from the beginning of hair growth down over the entire surface of the face.

Relaxation of the muscles of the lips:

• Stroking the upper and lower lips from the corner to the center.
• Each lip is processed separately.
• Stroking the upper lip from top to bottom.
• Stroking from the bottom up of the lower lip.
• Treatment of nasolabial folds in the direction from the wings of the nose to the corners of the mouth.
• Pressing on the lips with light rotational movements.
• Tapping lips with fingertips.
• Differential massage

In children, a mixed pattern of muscle tone disorders is often observed. In some muscle groups, the tone is increased, in others it is reduced. In this regard, a differential logopedic muscle massage is performed.

Conditions for speech therapy massage

The room should be comfortable and warm. Special requirements for the hands of a massage therapist. They should be warm, clean, without any inflammatory diseases, without decorations, with short-cut nails. Massage is carried out 2 hours after eating. The oral cavity of the child before the session should be cleaned of crumbs and food debris.

Massage is prescribed in a course of 20 sessions. It is advisable to do it every day. After a month break, it is desirable to repeat the course. With severe speech disorders in children, the duration of the chicken increases.

Depending on the severity of speech disorders and the age of the child, the session can be from 5 to 25 minutes. The first session lasts 5 minutes. In the future, the duration of the massage is increased.

During the massage, the child should be calm, not feel pain and discomfort. Every child needs an approach. It should not be laid in a horizontal position from the first procedures. It is better to do the first session in a sitting position. Over time, children become addicted to massage.

If the child is negative, in the first procedure, perform only light massage movements on the facial muscles. You can conduct massage sessions in the presence of mom. Massage is effective only if children develop a sense of trust.

Massage contraindications

Massage is not prescribed for the following diseases:

• SARS, ARI.
• Herpes on the lip, face
• Inflammatory eye diseases
• inflammation oral cavity

Carefully massage children with convulsive syndrome. If the child cries, breaks out and screams, the massage should be stopped and the child should be calmed down.

Speech therapy tongue massage for children

With an increased tone of the tongue, a speech therapy massage is performed for children using a relaxing technique, with a decrease in tone, a strengthening massage is performed. With hypotension, the techniques are more intense and active. With increased tone, before the procedure, it is advisable to hold a warm infusion of herbs in your mouth for some time.

Tongue massage for children can be carried out with a finger through a gauze napkin or with special probes. The finger must be in the fingertip. You can massage with a wooden or metal spatula.

Before starting a tongue massage, you should determine the border of the gag and pharyngeal reflex. The first sessions should treat the muscles of the tongue without reaching this limit. With each subsequent session, an increasing surface of the tongue is processed.

You can not carry out the procedure immediately after feeding. The child's mouth should be open with the tongue hanging out. The massage therapist fixes the tongue with a gauze napkin.

Speech therapy massage technique

1. Gentle strokes are carried out in various directions.
2. Impact on the longitudinal muscles from the root to the tip of the tongue.
3. Impact on the transverse muscles of the tongue from the center to the edges.
4. The movements are circular and spiral over the entire surface of the tongue.
5. Patting the entire surface of the tongue.
6. Pressing on the longitudinal muscles.
7. Tongue frenulum massage. The direction of movement is from top to bottom.
8. Massage through gauze. Perform rubbing movements.

Speech therapy massage at home

Before giving your child a speech therapy massage at home, you should consult with a speech therapist. Professional speech therapy massage includes language processing, which is performed using special probes. These devices can easily injure the delicate mucous membranes of the mouth. It is best to use a spatula or a toothbrush at home.

Terekhina E.A., speech therapist, State-financed organization Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous region–Ugra “Rehabilitation center for children and adolescents with handicapped"Harmony", Nyagan.

For children with significant speech disorders (alalia, dysarthria, dyslalia due to a shortened hyoid frenulum, etc.), only articulatory and breathing exercises. Need speech therapy massage. Taking as a basis the system of massage Arkhipova E.F. for children with cerebral palsy and the knowledge gained in the courses of conventional therapeutic massage, I have prepared detailed material, both for specialists, teachers, and for parents of children with severe speech disorders. This will greatly facilitate the correction of sound pronunciation and will achieve certain results. Currently, to correct speech disorders in my classes, I use different kinds logomassage. I introduce parents to the methodology and technique of speech therapy massage, for further massage at home.

The role of speech therapy massage

Speech therapy massage is an active method of mechanical action that changes the state of muscles, nerves, blood vessels and tissues of the peripheral speech apparatus. Speech therapy massage is one of the speech therapy techniques that contribute to the normalization of the pronunciation side of speech and emotional state persons suffering speech disorders.

Massage is used for dysarthria (there are violations of muscle tone), including its erased forms, stuttering, as well as voice disorders.

Massage has a beneficial physiological effect on the body. Massage improves the secretory function of the skin, activates its lymph and blood circulation. And consequently, it improves its nutrition, increases metabolic processes. Under the influence of massage, capillaries expand, gas exchange between blood and tissues increases (oxygen therapy of tissues). Rhythmic massage movements facilitate the movement of blood through the arteries, accelerate the outflow of venous skin. Massage has a reflex effect on the entire lymphatic system, improving the function of the lymphatic vessels. The state of the muscular system changes significantly under the influence of massage. First of all, the elasticity of muscle fibers, the strength and volume of their contractile function, muscle performance increase, their activity is restored after exercise. Differentiated use of various massage techniques allows you to lower the tone with muscle spasticity, and vice versa, increase it with flaccid paresis of the articulatory muscles. This helps the formation and implementation of active voluntary, coordinated movements of the organs of articulation. There is a complex relationship between the force of impact during massage and the response of the body. With light, slow stroking, the excitability of the massaged tissues decreases.

Thus, speech therapy massage has a general positive effect on the body as a whole, causing favorable changes in the nervous and muscular systems, which play a major role in the speech-motor process.

The main tasks of speech therapy massage are:

Normalization of muscle tone of the articulatory apparatus (in more severe cases - a decrease in the degree of manifestation of motor defects of the articulatory muscles: spastic paresis, hyperkinesis, ataxia, synkinesis);

Activation of those muscle groups of the peripheral speech apparatus in which there was insufficient contractility (or the inclusion in the process of articulation of new muscle groups that were previously inactive);

Stimulation of proprioceptive sensations;

Preparation of conditions for the formation of arbitrary, coordinated movements of the organs of articulation;

Reducing hypersalivation;

Strengthening the pharyngeal reflex;

Afferentation to the speech zones of the cerebral cortex (to stimulate speech development delayed speech formation).

Massage contraindications are infectious diseases(including SARS, influenza), skin diseases, herpes on the lip, stomatitis, conjunctivitis. With great care, massage should be used in children with episyndrome (convulsions), especially if the child cries, screams, breaks out of his hands, his nasolabial “triangle” “turns blue” or chin tremor is noted.

Speech therapy massage is carried out in a warm, well-ventilated room. Usually massage is recommended to be carried out in cycles of 10-15-20 sessions, preferably every day or every other day. After a break of 1-2 months, the cycle can be repeated. Under certain circumstances, when massage cannot be done frequently and regularly, it can be carried out for a longer time, but less often.

The duration of one procedure may vary depending on the age of the child, the severity of speech impairment, individual characteristics, etc. The initial duration of the first sessions is from 1-2 to 5-6 minutes, and the final one is from 15 to 20 minutes. AT early age massage should not exceed 10 minutes, in junior preschool - 15 minutes, in senior preschool and school age- 25 minutes.

Body position during speech therapy massage

Before starting a massage session, the child's body must be brought into the correct position. The correct posture contributes to the normalization of muscle tone (usually - relaxation), makes breathing more free.

With speech therapy massage, the following positions are most optimal:

In the supine position, a small roller is placed under the child's neck, which allows you to slightly raise your shoulders and tilt your head back; arms extended along the body; at the same time, the legs lie freely or are somewhat bent at the knees (you can also put a roller under the child’s knees);

The child is in a half-sitting position in a chair with a high headrest;

The child is in a half-sitting position in a reclining highchair or a seated stroller.

The main types of speech therapy massage:

Classic manual massage.

Therapeutic classic massage is applied without taking into account the reflex effect and is carried out near the damaged area of ​​the body or directly on it. The main techniques of manual classical massage are: stroking, rubbing, kneading and vibration.

To perform these techniques when massaging the tongue, speech therapists often use toothbrushes with soft bristles, spatulas, nipples, etc.

Acupressure is a type of therapeutic massage, when locally relaxing or stimulating biologically active points (zones) are applied, according to the indications for a disease or dysfunction.

Hardware massage is carried out using vibration, vacuum and other devices.

Probe massage (according to the method of Novikova E.V.).

Self-massage.

The definition of massage follows from its name. The child does the massage himself. This can be either a facial massage with your hands, or, for example, a tongue massage with the help of teeth (an articulatory exercise “Let's comb the tongue”, when the child pushes the tongue with force through closed teeth).

1. Relaxing massage of the articulatory muscles.

It is used in case of increased tone (spasticity) in the speech muscles (in the facial, labial, lingual muscles).

Carrying out facial massage contributes not only to the formation of mimic means of communication, but also to the development of the oral sphere, which is necessary for the normal nutrition of the child and the subsequent development of speech.

Important: Give the child positions in which pathological tonic reflexes would be minimally manifested or not manifested at all.

Relaxation of the neck muscles (passive head movements).

Before starting a relaxing massage of the articulatory muscles, especially in the case of a significant increase in the muscle tone of the upper shoulder girdle and neck, it is necessary to achieve relaxation of these muscles.

The position of the child on the back or half-sitting, the head hangs back a little:

a) with one hand to support the child's neck from behind, with the other to make circular movements of the head, first clockwise, then counterclockwise;

b) with slow, smooth movements, turn the child's head in one direction and the other, shake it forward (3-5 times).

Relaxation of the cervical muscles causes some relaxation of the root of the tongue. Relaxation of the oral muscles is achieved by light stroking, patting the muscles of the face, lips, neck, tongue. Movements are carried out with two hands in the direction from the periphery to the center. Movements should be light, sliding, slightly pressing, but not stretching the skin. Each movement is repeated 5-8 times.

Relaxation facial muscles:

• stroking from the middle of the forehead to the temples;
• stroking from the eyebrows to the scalp;
• stroking from the forehead line around the eyes;
• stroking the eyebrows from the bridge of the nose to the sides to the edge of the hair, continuing the line of the eyebrows;
• stroking from the forehead line down through the entire face along the cheeks, chin and neck;
• stroking from the lower edge of the auricle (from the earlobes) along the cheeks to the wings of the nose;
• light pinching movements along the edge of the lower jaw;
• pressure massage of the face from the roots of the hair down.

Relaxation of the labial muscles:

• stroking the upper lip from the corners of the mouth to the center;
• stroking the lower lip from the corners of the mouth to the center;
• stroking the upper lip (moving from top to bottom);
• stroking the lower lip (movement from bottom to top);
• stroking the nasolabial folds from the wings of the nose to the corners of the lips;
• acupressure lips (lungs rotational movements clockwise);
• light tapping of lips with fingers.

With asymmetry of the facial muscles, articulatory massage is carried out with hypercorrection of the affected side, that is, on it more massage movements.

2.Stimulating articulatory muscle massage.

It is carried out with muscle hypotension in order to strengthen muscle tone.

Techniques: Energetic and fast movements.

Massage movements are carried out from the center to the periphery. Strengthening of the facial muscles is carried out by stroking, rubbing, kneading, pinching, vibration. After 4-5 light movements, their strength increases. They become pressing, but not painful. The movements are repeated 8-10 times.

Strengthening the facial muscles:

• stroking the forehead from the middle to the temples;
• stroking the forehead from the eyebrows to the hair;
• eyebrow stroking;
• stroking the eyelids from the inner to the outer corners of the eyes and to the sides;
• stroking the cheeks from the nose to the ears and from the chin to the ears;
• squeezing the chin with rhythmic movements;
• kneading the zygomatic and buccal muscles (spiral movements along the zygomatic and buccal muscles);
• rubbing of the buccal muscle (index finger in the mouth, the rest outside);
• pinching of the cheeks.

Strengthening of the lip muscles:

• stroking from the middle of the upper lip to the corners;
• stroking from the middle of the lower lip to the corners;
• stroking the nasolabial folds from the corners of the lips to the wings of the nose;
• tingling of the lips;
• slight tingling of the lips.

3. Massage of the lingual muscles.

Perform massage lying down before meals or 1.5-2 hours after meals for 5 minutes.

Gum massage begins with movements in a horizontal direction on one side of the gum. This increases salivation, so after 2-4 weakening movements, the child should be allowed to swallow saliva. Then the same massage is performed on the other side of the gum. Next, the gums are massaged with vertical movements.

The palate is massaged with a finger along the midline, starting from the front with a slight elevation of the soft palate. This movement is repeated 10-15 times. During the massage, the child can pronounce the vowels A and E.

The tongue is massaged in the direction from front to back to the zone of manifestation of the gag reflex. In this case, stroking, light patting, vibration is carried out for 15 seconds.

Massage to relax the muscles of the tongue:

Acupressure in the region of the submandibular fossa, which is carried out for 15 seconds, vibrating movements with the index finger under the lower jaw;

Vibration with two index fingers of both hands at the angles of the jaw (15 seconds).

Movements are used straight, spiral, circular, while holding the tongue with the fingers of one hand, and with the fingers of the other to perform massage movements. They should be directed to:

* From the middle of the tongue to its tip and back.

*From the center of the tongue to the left and right (“herringbone”),

*From the left edge of the tongue to the right and vice versa (across the tongue),

*Rolling the finger over the tongue in different directions,

*Pinch and stretch the edges of the tongue.

* Stroking the tongue from the hyoid frenulum to the tip of the tongue and back.

Work to overcome salivation.

1. Teach children to chew well - at first with their heads thrown back.

2. Learn to suck saliva and swallow saliva more often with one push,

especially before exercise.

3. Rotate the tongue in front of the mouth, then swallow the saliva.

tatiana karpova

AT recent times we hear more and more:

"The child is good, but not talking.

And this one, at least he will say - but badly, indistinctly.

But for this we are given to our children:

Understand, understand and deal with it!

Dear colleagues, today I want to present to your attention our work on speech therapy massage with spoons - one of the most effective ways correction of speech disorders. Not only effective, but also ancient - massage has been known for more than one millennium. Since ancient times, massage has been part of the medical art. But only at the end of the 19th century, science became seriously interested in massage. Many methods of therapeutic, sports, cosmetic and health massage have been developed. In speech therapy work, massage is part of a comprehensive work on speech correction. According to Professor B. R. Yaremenko, massage accelerates the reverse development of speech disorders by 4-5 times!

You can perform it as in the classes of a speech therapist, in regime moments in a group, and at home with my mother. Massage with spoons is one of the new methods of speech therapy massage.

ADVANTAGES OF SUCH MASSAGE:

There are spoons in every house,

Everyone can handle spoons - they are simple and safe,

Spoons do not require sterilization - just wash them,

Massage serves as a good preparation for articulatory gymnastics, and to speech therapy massage (classical or probe).

A child, making a massage, easily learns the names of the parts of the face,

The different temperature of the spoons can be used for a relaxing or stimulating effect,

The use of such a massage also gives the development of fine motor skills in a child,

Doing self-massage. the child performs movements with a pleasant effort for him and will never hurt himself.

TASKS OF LOGOPEDIC MASSAGE WITH SPOONS

Improving the quality of articulatory movements,

Assistance in the formation of the desired structure of articulatory organs,

Help in normalizing muscle tone of mimic and articulatory muscles.

CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR SPEECH THERAPY MASSAGE:

Massage should not be done in acute infectious diseases,

With rashes on the face (pustules, cracks, herpes, bruises, sunburn etc.).

Various problems in the mouth.

GOALS OF EXERCISES WITH SPOONS:

Memorizing the parts of a spoon

Anchoring various provisions spoons in hand needed for massage,

Mastering massage movements.

development of fine motor skills,

Development of the ability to navigate in space,

Exercises in synchronous work of hands,

Correction of violations of the syllabic structure.

You can choose any spoon (coffee, table, dessert). The material of the spoon doesn't matter. It is important that it is well washed and processed. To perform the exercises, you need two spoons.

We begin the work with an acquaintance with the history of the appearance of the spoon, the methods of its manufacture, we fix the parts of the spoon and the types of spoons. There are many proverbs, sayings and signs about spoons that can be used both for educational purposes and for the development of children's speech:

A worker with a bipod, a loafer with a spoon.

The spoon is not a cat, it won't scratch your mouth, etc.

Spoon forgotten on the table - to the guest

Knock on the edge of the dishes with a spoon - to a quarrel, etc.

Exercises are performed while reading poetry. Poems are like rhythmically organized speech,

contribute to the formation of a sense of rhythm in children and are one of the ways to correct violations of the syllabic structure.

Before performing a massage, the spoons should be washed each time and placed in a mug upside down. Children should wash their hands before class. Each child takes out 2 spoons by the tips of the cuttings and takes a spoon in each hand. An adult pronounces a poem and shows movements, and children only perform movements. An adult makes sure that no one “runs ahead” without performing a movement, but only indicating it. If one of the children is behind, the adult slows down the rhythm of pronouncing the text, waiting for the late one and, thus, achieves high-quality performance of movements by all children. The poem organizes the order of massage movements, describes the movements themselves, which is very important for children with speech underdevelopment.

Examples of such poems can be found in specialized literature. I will give only a few - selectively.

“We stroked the forehead GENTLY

AND RELAXED DIRECTLY"

(stroking with slides of spoons around the frontal tubercles)

"HOW TO STROKE THE CHEEKS TO US,

WITHOUT MOVING THE SKIN THERE?”

(circular stroking with slides of spoons on the cheeks)

"WE NEED TO RUNN THE TEMPERATURES

PRESSURE IN THE LAST POINT»

(circular movements with slides of spoons at the temple with a slight pressure at the end of the movement)

"Let's circle between the eyebrows,

TO BECOME FUN"

(spiral rubbing of the space between the eyebrows)

"Let's turn the sides of the spoons,

WE REMOVE CRUMPS FROM THE CHEEKS "

(movement from bottom to top along the cheeks with the side surface of the scoop)

"LET'S SCRAP ON THE SPONGES, TOO,

IT IS NOT WELL TO FORGET ABOUT THEM "

(scraping movement along the upper lip with the tips of spoons)

“AND WE PRESS WITH THE END OF THE SPOON,

HOW THE HEDGEHOG COULD PRESS THEM "

(shallow, but frequent pressing with the tips of the spoons along the entire length of the lips)

"LET'S BREAK BETTER CHEEKS,

THE CIRCLE DRAWING THERE IS DEEP"

(circular kneading with slides of cheek spoons)

“CHEEKS CAN BE MOVE

UP AND DOWN AND UP AGAIN"

(zigzag kneading with slides of spoons from the corners of the mouth to the tragus)

"LET'S RIDE ON THE EYEBROWS

CHILDREN'S HORSE"

(symmetrical rolling of scoops from the tip of the spoon to the handle along the line of the eyebrows)

"AND ROLL TO THE LIPS

Nasolabial fold"

(symmetrical rolling of scoops from the tip of the spoon to the handle along the lines of the nasolabial folds)

“WE COLLECT THE SPONGE IN THE FOLD,

UP AND DOWN WE SHIFT IT "

(the tips of the spoons look at the nasolabial folds, collect the upper lip in a hill and rub it up and down)

“AND ANOTHER COLLECT,

ALSO UP AND DOWN WE SHIFT "

"WE PRESS OUR LIPS,

WE MISS THEM NON-RUDELY"

(pressing first the upper and then the lower lip to the teeth and gums outside spoon tips)

"WE WILL SLAP ON THE CHEEKS,

LIKE DROPLETS ON THE Bumps "

(slides of spoons knock on the cheeks)

Thank you for your attention!

Educators MBDOU 170

Orenburg

Karpova Tatyana Innokentievna

Ushakova Irina Petrovna

For children with significant speech disorders (alalia, dysarthria, dyslalia due to a shortened hyoid frenulum, etc.), only articulation and breathing exercises are not enough to correct sound pronunciation. Need speech therapy massage.

Taking as a basis the system of massage Arkhipova E.F. for children with cerebral palsy and the knowledge gained in the courses of conventional therapeutic massage, I have prepared detailed material, both for specialists, teachers, and for parents of children with severe speech disorders. This will greatly facilitate the correction of sound pronunciation and will achieve certain results.

Currently, I use various types of logomassage to correct speech disorders in my classes. I introduce parents to the methodology and technique of speech therapy massage, for further massage at home. The recommendations also provide indications for the use of massage for various speech disorders, systematize the techniques of speech therapy massage.

Massage of the articulatory apparatus and articulatory
exercise not only improves motor function
lagging brain systems, but also involve
nearby brain systems.
M. E. Khvattsev

About speech therapy massage

- an active method of mechanical action that changes the state of muscles, nerves, blood vessels and tissues of the peripheral speech apparatus. Speech therapy massage is one of the speech therapy techniques that contribute to the normalization of the pronunciation side of speech and the emotional state of persons suffering from speech disorders.

Massage is used for dysarthria (there are violations of muscle tone), including its erased forms, stuttering, as well as voice disorders.

The benefits of massage

Massage has a beneficial physiological effect on the body. Massage improves the secretory function of the skin, activates its lymph and blood circulation. And consequently, it improves its nutrition, increases metabolic processes. Under the influence of massage, capillaries expand, gas exchange between blood and tissues increases (oxygen therapy of tissues). Rhythmic massage movements facilitate the movement of blood through the arteries, accelerate the outflow of venous skin.

Massage has a reflex effect on the entire lymphatic system, improving the function of the lymphatic vessels. The state of the muscular system changes significantly under the influence of massage. First of all, the elasticity of muscle fibers, the strength and volume of their contractile function, muscle performance increase, their activity is restored after exercise.

Differentiated use of various methods of speech therapy massage allows you to lower the tone with muscle spasticity, and vice versa, increase it with flaccid paresis of the articulatory muscles. This helps the formation and implementation of active voluntary, coordinated movements of the organs of articulation.

Speech therapy massage is performed after.

There is a complex relationship between the force of impact during massage and the response of the body. With light, slow stroking, the excitability of the massaged tissues decreases.

The effectiveness of speech therapy massage

Speech therapy massage has a general positive effect on the body as a whole, causing favorable changes in the nervous and muscular systems, which play a major role in the speech-motor process.

In children with speech disorders receiving speech therapy massage, there is:

• Normalization of muscle tone of the general, mimic and articulatory muscles,
• Reducing the manifestation of paresis and paralysis of the muscles of the articulatory apparatus,
• Reduction of pathological motor manifestations of the muscles of the speech apparatus (synkinesia, hyperkinesis, convulsions, etc.),
• Increase in volume and amplitude of articulatory movements,
• Activation of those muscle groups of the peripheral speech apparatus that had insufficient contractile activity,
• Formation of arbitrary coordinated movements of the organs of articulation.

Tasks of speech therapy massage

The main tasks of speech therapy massage are:

Normalization of muscle tone of the articulatory apparatus (in more severe cases - a decrease in the degree of manifestation of motor defects of the articulatory muscles: spastic paresis, hyperkinesis, ataxia, synkinesis);

Activation of those muscle groups of the peripheral speech apparatus in which there was insufficient contractility (or the inclusion in the process of articulation of new muscle groups that were previously inactive);

Stimulation of proprioceptive sensations;

Preparation of conditions for the formation of arbitrary, coordinated movements of the organs of articulation;

Reducing hypersalivation;

Strengthening the pharyngeal reflex;

Afferentation to the speech zones of the cerebral cortex (to stimulate speech development with a delay in the formation of speech).

Contraindications for speech therapy massage

Contraindications for speech therapy massage are infectious diseases (including SARS, influenza), skin diseases, herpes on the lip, stomatitis, conjunctivitis. With great care, massage should be used in children with episyndrome (convulsions), especially if the child cries, screams, breaks out of his hands, his nasolabial “triangle” “turns blue” or chin tremor is noted.

Logomassage is carried out in a warm, well-ventilated room. Usually massage is recommended to be carried out in cycles of 10-15-20 sessions, preferably every day or every other day. After a break of 1-2 months, the cycle can be repeated. Under certain circumstances, when massage cannot be done frequently and regularly, it can be carried out for a longer time, but less often.

The duration of one procedure may vary depending on the age of the child, the severity of speech impairment, individual characteristics, etc. The initial duration of the first sessions is from 1-2 to 5-6 minutes, and the final one is from 15 to 20 minutes. At an early age, massage should not exceed 10 minutes, at a younger preschool age - 15 minutes, at an older preschool and school age - 25 minutes.

Correct body position during speech therapy massage

Before starting a massage session, the child's body must be brought into the correct position. The correct posture contributes to the normalization of muscle tone (usually - relaxation), makes breathing more free.

With speech therapy massage, the following positions are most optimal:

1. In the supine position, a small roller is placed under the child's neck, which allows you to slightly raise your shoulders and tilt your head back; arms extended along the body; at the same time, the legs lie freely or are somewhat bent at the knees (you can also put a roller under the child’s knees);
2. The child is in a half-sitting position in a chair with a high headrest;
3. The child is in a half-sitting position in a reclining highchair or a seated stroller.

The main types of speech therapy massage:

Classic manual massage.

Therapeutic classical massage- is applied without taking into account the reflex effect and is carried out near the damaged area of ​​​​the body or directly on it. The main techniques of manual classical massage are: stroking, rubbing, kneading and vibration.

To perform these techniques when massaging the tongue, speech therapists often use toothbrushes with soft bristles, spatulas, nipples, etc.

Acupressure- a kind of therapeutic massage, when locally they act in a relaxing or stimulating way on biologically active points (zones) according to the indications for a disease or dysfunction.

Hardware massage carried out with the help of vibration, vacuum and other devices.

Probe massage(according to the method of Novikova E.V.)

Novikova E.V. created her own set of probes and developed a special massage of the tongue, lips, cheeks, cheekbones, soft palate with their help. The purpose of probe massage is the normalization of speech motor skills. The method is simple and effective. It makes it possible to purposefully influence the affected areas of the articulatory organs, activating and restoring their activity. Normalization of sound pronunciation is faster.

Self-massage.

The definition of massage follows from its name. The child does the massage himself. This can be either a facial massage with your hands, or, for example, a tongue massage with your teeth ( articulatory exercise“Comb the tongue” when the child pushes the tongue with force through closed teeth).

Recommendations for performing speech therapy massage

1. Relaxing massage of the articulatory muscles.

It is used in case of increased tone (spasticity) in the speech muscles (in the facial, labial, lingual muscles).

Carrying out facial massage contributes not only to the formation of mimic means of communication, but also to the development of the oral sphere, which is necessary for the normal nutrition of the child and the subsequent development of speech.

Important: Give the child positions in which pathological tonic reflexes would be minimally manifested or not manifested at all.

Relaxation of the neck muscles (passive head movements).

Before starting a relaxing massage of the articulatory muscles, especially in the case of a significant increase in the muscle tone of the upper shoulder girdle and neck, it is necessary to achieve relaxation of these muscles.

The position of the child on the back or half-sitting, the head hangs back a little:

a) with one hand to support the child's neck from behind, with the other to make circular movements of the head, first clockwise, then counterclockwise;

b) with slow, smooth movements, turn the child's head in one direction and the other, shake it forward (3-5 times).

Relaxation of the cervical muscles causes some relaxation of the root of the tongue. Relaxation of the oral muscles is achieved by light stroking, patting the muscles of the face, lips, neck, tongue. Movements are carried out with two hands in the direction from the periphery to the center. Movements should be light, sliding, slightly pressing, but not stretching the skin. Each movement is repeated 5-8 times.

Relaxation of the facial muscles:

Stroking from the middle of the forehead to the temples;
stroking from the eyebrows to the scalp;
stroking from the forehead line around the eyes;
stroking the eyebrows from the bridge of the nose to the sides to the edge of the hair, continuing the line of the eyebrows;
stroking from the forehead line down through the entire face along the cheeks, chin and neck;
stroking from the lower edge of the auricle (from the earlobes) along the cheeks to the wings of the nose;
light pinching movements along the edge of the lower jaw;
pressure massage of the face from the roots of the hair down.

Relaxation of the labial muscles:

Stroking the upper lip from the corners of the mouth to the center;
stroking the lower lip from the corners of the mouth to the center;
stroking the upper lip (moving from top to bottom);
stroking the lower lip (movement from bottom to top);
stroking the nasolabial folds from the wings of the nose to the corners of the lips;
acupressure of the lips (light rotational movements clockwise);
light tapping of lips with fingers.

With asymmetry of the facial muscles, articulatory massage is carried out with hypercorrection of the affected side, that is, on it to carry out a greater number of massage movements.

2. Stimulating massage of the articulatory muscles.

It is carried out with muscle hypotension in order to strengthen muscle tone.

Techniques: Energetic and fast movements.

Massage movements are carried out from the center to the periphery. Strengthening of the facial muscles is carried out by stroking, rubbing, kneading, pinching, vibration. After 4-5 light movements, their strength increases. They become pressing, but not painful. The movements are repeated 8-10 times.

Strengthening the facial muscles:

Stroking the forehead from the middle to the temples;
stroking the forehead from the eyebrows to the hair;
eyebrow stroking;
stroking the eyelids from the inner to the outer corners of the eyes and to the sides;
stroking the cheeks from the nose to the ears and from the chin to the ears;
squeezing the chin with rhythmic movements;
kneading the zygomatic and buccal muscles (spiral movements along the zygomatic and buccal muscles);
rubbing of the buccal muscle (index finger in the mouth, the rest outside);
pinching of the cheeks.

Strengthening of the lip muscles:

Stroking from the middle of the upper lip to the corners;
stroking from the middle of the lower lip to the corners;
stroking the nasolabial folds from the corners of the lips to the wings of the nose;
tingling of the lips;
slight tingling of the lips.

3. Massage of the lingual muscles.

Perform massage lying down before meals or 1.5-2 hours after meals for 5 minutes.

Gum massage begins with movements in a horizontal direction on one side of the gum. This increases salivation, so after 2-4 weakening movements, the child should be allowed to swallow saliva. Then the same massage is performed on the other side of the gum. Next, the gums are massaged with vertical movements.

The palate is massaged with a finger along the midline, starting from the front with a slight elevation of the soft palate. This movement is repeated 10-15 times. During the massage, the child can pronounce the vowels A and E.

The tongue is massaged in the direction from front to back to the zone of manifestation of the gag reflex. In this case, stroking, light patting, vibration is carried out for 15 seconds.

Massage to relax the muscles of the tongue:

Acupressure in the region of the submandibular fossa, which is carried out for 15 seconds, vibrating movements with the index finger under the lower jaw;

Vibration with two index fingers of both hands at the angles of the jaw (15 seconds).

Movements are used straight, spiral, circular, while holding the tongue with the fingers of one hand, and with the fingers of the other to perform massage movements. They should be directed to:

From the middle of the tongue to its tip and back.
- From the center of the tongue to the left and right ("Christmas tree"),
- From the left edge of the tongue to the right and vice versa (across the tongue),
- Rolling the finger over the tongue in different directions,
- Pinching and stretching of the edges of the tongue.
- Stroking the tongue from the hyoid frenulum to the tip of the tongue and back.

Work to overcome salivation

1. Teach children to chew well - at first with their heads thrown back.

2. Teach to suck saliva and swallow saliva more often in one push,
especially before exercise.

3. Rotate the tongue in front of the mouth, then swallow the saliva.

We wish you success!!!

Speech therapy massage of the lingual muscles with speech accompaniment

Tongue massage we accompany the reading of nursery rhymes, tongue twisters, poems. The movements of the fingers imitate the events and actions taking place in the poem. This distracts the child from possible discomfort.

"Rain": point tapping with the index finger along the edges of the tongue clockwise, then against it.

Rain, rain, more fun
Drip, drip, don't be sorry!
Just don't get us wet!
Don't knock on the window
- Spray in the forest field:
The grass will get thicker.

"Road": hold the tip of the tongue with the thumb and forefinger of one hand, slide up and down the side edges of the tongue with the thumb and forefinger of the second hand.

Uphill road from the city
And from the city - from the mountain.
From the village the road from the mountain,
And in the village - uphill.

"Legs and legs": point pressing with the index finger (slightly vibrating) on ​​the tongue from the root of the tongue to the tip, then from the tip to the root.

Big feet
We walked along the road: Top, top, top, Top, top, top.
small feet
We ran along the track: Top, top, top, Top, top, top.

"Firewood": with a horizontally lying index finger, perform transverse chopping and patting movements.

In the yard - grass,
On the grass - firewood:
One firewood, two firewood, three firewood.
Don't cut wood
On the grass of the yard!

"Wolf": the tongue is raised to the upper lip. Massage (knead, press) the sublingual region with your thumbs.

It's raining, it's raining.
The wolf hid under the horsetail.
Tail under horsetail
And in the rain.

"Puppy": grind the lateral edges of the tongue lengthwise between the index and thumb of one hand.

I brush my puppy.
I tickle his sides.

"Soap": rub the tongue between the thumb and forefinger - circular motions.

Sweet Mila
Washed with soap.
Soaped up, washed away
- So Mila washed herself.

"Chatterbox": perform spiral movements with the index finger from the middle of the tongue to the edges clockwise, then against it; then the same movements from the edge of the tongue to its middle in different directions.

little babbler
Milk chatted, chatted,
Chatted, chatted
Don't blurt out.

"Sheep": hold the front edge of the tongue with your thumbs and forefingers. Perform turns (twisting) of the tongue to the left - to the right.

The ram's horns
Twisted - Twisted
Turned - turned over.

"Accordion": index and thumbs hands hold the lateral edges of the tongue. Stretch (flatten) the tongue simultaneously in different directions, then squeeze towards the middle - an imitation of playing the harmonica.

Cheerful Paramoshka
Plays the harmonica.

"Wasp": press the index finger on the middle of the tongue 8 - 10 times.

The wasp has already stung.
I'm terribly sorry for him.

"Snake": perform snake-like movements with the index finger from the root of the tongue to its tip, then from the tip to the root.

The snake crawls on the grass
The snake is carrying gifts:
Snake and snake
Green trousers.

"Drum": perform longitudinal patting movements with horizontally lying index fingers.

Happy ram
- The ram has a drum,
And the ram drums on the drum,
The ram drums into the drum.
And the ram rattled, pounded
- Suddenly the drum broke!

"Lightning": move the index finger from side to side lengthwise and zigzag from the root of the tongue to the tip, and vice versa, from the tip of the tongue to the root.

Lightning flashes brightly
Clouds of arrows are sent.
The sky is on fire
Sparks rain down.

"Grapes": with the thumb and forefinger, perform sliding movements along the edges of the tongue from the root to the tip and back.

On Mount Ararat
Varvara vomits grapes.

"Broom": with the index finger, perform "sweeping" movements to the right, then to the left.

Valya sweeps with a broom,
Valya sings a song:
- I'm throwing, throwing, throwing,
I don't want to be sloppy!

"Pies": the child smiles, sticks a wide flat tip of the tongue between the front teeth, bites the tongue slightly from the tip to the middle.

Ate well done
Thirty three
Pirogue,
Yes, with cottage cheese.

"Herringbone": with thumbs and forefingers, perform sliding herringbone movements from the center of the tongue to the edges from top to bottom.

The Forest Raised a Christmas Tree,
She grew up in the forest.
Slim in winter and summer
Green was.

"Geese": pinch your tongue with your thumb and forefinger.

spank in single file
Goose after goose.
Look down on
Goose on goose.
Oh, pluck the sides
Goose at the goose.

Combination of several massage movements

"Chicken": perform movements in accordance with the text of the poem.

The hen went out for a walk
Pinch fresh herbs. Point prickling of the tongue with the index finger.
And behind her chickens
- Little boys.
- Co-co-co, co-co-co,
Don't go far.
Row with your paws,
Look for grains.
Sliding scraping movements from the middle of the tongue to the edges.

"Borscht": perform movements in accordance with the text of the poem.

Borya cooked borscht, cooked
Yes, I didn’t. Circular movements of the index finger in the center of the tongue.
Borya salted borscht, salted
Yes, unsalted. Pinching the tongue with the index and thumb of one hand.
Tolya borscht cooked, cooked
Yes, I digested it. Circular finger movements.
Tolya borscht salted, salted
Yes, I overdid it. Pinching tongue.

Massage aimed at stretching the hyoid frenulum

"Mole": perform movements in accordance with the text of the poem.

There is a hill in the yard, Forefinger and thumbs to pull the tongue down by the tip.
Under the mountain mink. With index and thumb fingers, pull the tongue up by the tip.
In this hole
The mole guards the mink. With the index finger, stroke the hyoid frenulum from the bottom up, stretching it.

Terekhina Elena Alexandrovna, ( 7 liked, average score: 4,86 out of 5)

Parents notice the presence of problems in the speech function of their child only by the age of three or four.

Until this age, babies lisp cutely, distort words or skip letters, but these defects are absolutely harmless in most cases and pass with time. By the age of four, the mother already understands exactly whether the speech of her baby is developing correctly.

It is better to correct speech defects in childhood. And the sooner the better. Burr, ignoring some letters of the alphabet, delayed speech development, "porridge" in the mouth, stuttering - these are the reasons for contacting a speech therapist.

First of all, the doctor will determine the cause of the defect and prescribe a therapeutic speech therapy massage. The specialist will first examine the child's oral cavity, examine the condition of the shoulder girdle and facial muscles, and only after a complete analysis will decide on the treatment tactics.

Speech therapy massage is a technique that contributes to the normalization of the pronunciation side of speech and the emotional state of the child.