Russian newspaper. legal advice for citizens

The problem of stray animals is now very relevant. Often people treat their pets irresponsibly and do not control their behavior. By different reasons dogs and cats find themselves on the street and are completely unprepared for it strict rules survival. Fortunately, there are caring people who take in animals abandoned or left without a master. Such people come to the decision to create a shelter for them.

The main tasks of such an institution:

• capture and delivery to the shelter;
• veterinary examination, treatment, care, sterilization/castration;
• provision of housing;
• satisfaction of needs (food, drink, warmth);
• search for a new or old (in the case of a lost animal) owner;
• registration of street dogs that have been vaccinated and sterilized (indicated by a clip with a number).

Also, many shelters practice the return of the animal to the habitat after sterilization and treatment, provided that there is a curator.

Possible additional services of the institution:

• hotel for animals;
• veterinary clinic;
• excursions;
• castration / sterilization of street cats and dogs at a reduced price (performed at the request of curators);
• acceptance of animals from individuals.
• courses on communication and training of animals (for example, canine courses for dog owners);
• grooming

The first stage of opening a shelter for homeless animals

Before organizing this institution and starting to provide assistance, you should acquire starting capital. Where to get it? It can be your personal savings, donations from caring people, local authorities, who are concerned about the growing number of stray cats and dogs. A good option is to find a sponsor in the form of bright personalities, politicians, entrepreneurs or firms.

The second stage: the search for like-minded people

The idea of ​​creating a shelter for homeless animals visits many people. But unfortunately, not everyone is able to do this. However, they are valuable employees. Love for animals and willingness to help them for such people is not only a way of thinking, but also a way of life. By finding such work colleagues, you will fill your shelter with responsible people who care about abandoned dogs and cats. This choice of staff will eliminate the risk of mistreatment of animals.

Required staff for the shelter:

• manager and deputy manager;
• employees caring for the wards;
• employees who maintain cleanliness in the premises;
• veterinarian, veterinary assistants;
• cynologist;
• car and driver for catching and transporting animals (it is desirable to have cages in the car);
• watchman, night watchman.

Third stage: project registration

When you have made friends and found financial support, it is worth registering a shelter for homeless animals. To register, contact the department for work with public organizations in the city administration.

There are several options for registering a shelter:

• Non-profit organization. It is advisable only if there is no commercial activity on the territory of the shelter. NCO, OPF. The organizational and legal form of the project will provide an opportunity to receive subsidies from the state. It is possible to draw up an agreement on stray animals. This will allow to receive funding from local authorities for the capture of stray dogs and cats. Pros: reduced taxes, possible subsidies and charitable donations. Cons: payback 5-10 years, depending on donations, the prohibition of using the funds received for third-party needs in the amount of more than 20%.
• Commercial organization Ltd. Allows you to provide paid services for individuals. Open a veterinary clinic on the territory of the shelter. Hiring staff in the right amount, as there is no limit on the funds allocated for the salary. Such a project can be self-sustaining. Cons of such an organization: lack of benefits, lack of assistance from the state.

If you find it difficult to choose or do not have the necessary experience, you should contact a lawyer for advice or hire him to complete all the documentation. The process can take up to 3 months until all the nuances are taken into account.

Fourth stage: finding a place to open a shelter

The room must meet several rules:

• be far from residential buildings, which will avoid complaints about barking dogs;
• the shelter building must be heated and with a ventilation system;
• large surrounding area.

The premises for the shelter can be rented, redeemed or built on the purchased land. Of course, the construction of the building the best option, because it will allow you to design a room, but it is expensive. Renting non-residential premises will cost about 300 rubles. per sq. m.

Buying a room costs from about 40 thousand rubles. per sq. m. without a plot. A plot for construction will cost from 5 thousand per hundred square meters, the price for designing and building a building will depend on the complexity and size of the project. Price from 2.000.000 to 30.000.000 rubles.

Fifth stage: furnishing the premises for a shelter

Before organizing an institution for animals, it is necessary to equip it. The building in which the animals are kept must be equipped with enclosures. Enclosures should be single and for groups of animals. It is important to have sewerage, electricity and heating in the room. All this can be local: a septic tank, an electric generator, a heating boiler.

Required premises

Initial Costs to Open a Shelter

Quarterly expenses for the shelter: purchase of medicines and consumables (syringes, blankets, disposable surgical instruments, masks, gloves, etc.), dry food, payment of taxes.

The payback of the project is from 2 to 10 years, the net monthly profit is from 50,000 rubles. subject to demand for shelter services.

People who organize charitable activities rarely strive for big profits. More important is the moral satisfaction from the performed good actions.

In urban environments, stray animals often become a big problem, which enterprising social groups help to solve. active people. How to open a shelter for homeless animals and how much does it cost? Step-by-step instruction offers a plan of action with financial calculations.

Occupation for overexposure of stray dogs and cats cannot be super profitable. For a businessman who has decided to launch such a difficult project, the main concern will be to create conditions for a comfortable living for animals. Income can be generated additional types services - hotel, veterinary pharmacy, clinic.

Business plan

To open your own business, you need to draw up a business plan for an animal shelter:

1. Definition of the range of services.
2. Registration with state bodies.
3. Room selection.
4. Hiring workers.
5. Purchase of equipment.
6. Purchase of feed and care products.
7. Advertising.
8. Economic calculations.

Here you can download for free as a sample.

Range of services

Before you open an animal shelter, you should define the goals and objectives of the project. It is based on the need to provide temporary shelter and care for the animals on the street:

• placement of an animal in a shelter;
• examination by a veterinarian
• sanitization;
• sterilization;
• feeding;
• treatment;
• keeping warm;
• search for hosts.

To receive stable income, you need to organize additional services:

1. Hotel for pets. Many people have no one to leave their pet with while on vacation or for other reasons, and they will take care of him in the pet hotel.
2. Paid clinic. Pets are welcome at reasonable prices.
3. Hairdresser for animals. Demanded service among owners of purebred dogs and cats.
4. Contact zoo. Usually children are brought here when it is not possible to have a pet at home.
5. Store of pet supplies and veterinary drugs.

The more services a shelter provides, the more more possibilities for self-sufficiency.

Registration

Shelters are registered in several ways:

• Social organization. It exists on subsidized budgetary funds and sponsorship contributions, receives tax incentives and orders from local authorities. The money earned can only be used for the needs of the shelter.
• Commercial organization. The form of a limited liability company is usually used, since the founders of the project are several people, funds from third-party organizations are attracted, and hired labor is used.

The provision of veterinary services is subject to licensing. There are municipal services that provide advice on how to open a shelter for homeless animals.

room

If you plan to keep dogs and cats in a rooming house, then you need a large area. Large dogs are placed in open fenced areas with booths, small individuals are placed in enclosed spaces. Certain categories of guests must be kept separately:

1. Quarantine animals.
2. Sick animals.
3. convalescents.
4. Kittens and puppies.

For daily dog ​​walking, a spacious area is equipped, and for cats - individual compartments.

The premises must comply with the established standards:

• between the shelter and residential buildings the distance is not less than 300 meters;
• serviceable plumbing, heating, sewerage, ventilation;
• fencing along the perimeter of the territory with a height of 2 m;
• in rooms where animals are kept, concrete floors.

Under the veterinary clinic and the hotel are equipped with separate rooms or buildings.

Businessmen who open a shelter for homeless animals solve social and humanitarian problems, so the city authorities can allocate a plot or premises on preferential terms.

Employees

People who care about the fate of animals go to work at the shelter. To complete the staff you need to hire:

1. Administrator for general management, reporting, interaction with various structures and the population.
2. veterinarian to provide medical care animals, examinations, surgical interventions, vaccination.
3. Attendants for feeding and caring for animals.
4. Cleaners to maintain cleanliness and hygienic conditions in the premises.
5. Guards.
6. Driver and assistant for catching homeless animals.

The organizers are trying to attract volunteers to the institution who would provide assistance in caring for pets and look for new owners. Another way to save on wages is to provide homeless people with food and a roof over their heads in exchange for cleaning or caring for animals.

Equipment

The veterinary compartment is equipped with couches, tables, scales, cabinets and racks, medical equipment. The deceased guests are stored in a special refrigerator until they are handed over for disposal or burial.

Animals are washed regularly, for which a tiled shower is equipped. If meals are to be prepared on site, a kitchen with a stove, plumbing, large pots, bowls and utensils is required.

The shelter must have a secure fence to prevent animals from escaping outside the territory.

To catch homeless animals, a car equipped with cages is used.

Food and medicine

Animal nutrition can be approached in several ways:

• Buy ready-made food, dry or wet. It is expensive, but manufacturers include vitamins and trace elements in the composition, which is useful for keeping pets in good shape. In addition, when purchasing in bulk, the cost will be lower than retail.
• Cook on your own. On the one hand, it is cheaper to buy products, on the other hand, cooks are needed, you need to monitor the quality of products, include useful supplements in the diet.

Homeless dogs and cats often end up in a shelter weak and sick, they need to be vaccinated, treated, operated on. Required list drugs:

1. Vaccines for common diseases.
2. Anthelmintics.
3. Flea and tick remedies.
4. Anti-inflammatory.
5. Antipyretic.
6. Antibiotics.
7. Anesthetics.
8. Antiseptics.
9. Syringes, droppers, dressings.

If you additionally conduct a paid veterinary appointment, then the need for drugs increases and you can make purchases in large quantities with discounts.

In order for pets to be not only full and healthy, but also look attractive, it is necessary to take care of their coat, keep it clean, bathe and comb it regularly. Care requires:

• shampoos;
• combs and combs;
• scissors;
• cotton swabs;
• detergents and disinfectants.

A beautiful animal is more likely to attract attention and find an owner.

It is important to draw public attention to the problem of homelessness of animals. Then the chances of sponsorship will increase. Volunteers are animal lovers who usually visit:

1. Zoos.
2. Circuses.
3. Exhibitions.
4. pet stores.
5. Veterinary pharmacies and hospitals.

In these places you need to place ads with information about the shelter. People actively respond to announcements in in social networks and messages on specialized forums. The shelter's own website with photos of pets and their characteristics will help you find new owners for single animals.

Another option is to conclude agreements with schools to conduct excursions for children under the program for the development of compassion and care for our smaller brothers. Kids will be happy to take home a kitten or puppy.

Video: shelter for homeless animals.

Economic calculations

Cost planning will allow you to determine how much it costs to open a shelter designed for overexposure of 200 animals per month:

This amount can be reduced by allocating a municipal site, saving on the salaries of volunteers, providing equipment, feed, and drugs by sponsors.

Monthly expenses for the operation of the shelter:

Disposal costs are a separate article. Half of the captured stray dogs and cats have to be euthanized per month. It is too expensive to purchase and obtain permits for their own disposal equipment, so shelters donate animal corpses to special liquidation enterprises biological waste. Acceptance is carried out at a price of 12,000 rubles. per ton.

The company receives revenue from the provision of paid veterinary services and hotel activities:

Net profit is 23,000 rubles, investments in the project will pay off in 2 years and 2 months.

When opening a shelter, it is important to involve caring people who can provide good conditions accommodation and care for endangered animals.

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Unfortunately, modern people rarely distinguished by responsibility and kindness, so the streets are gradually filled with abandoned and stray animals. Given such unpleasant circumstances, there are still citizens who show sympathy for lost or abandoned pets. Each individual can help several cats or dogs, but for a larger project, it is necessary to study in detail the question of how to open a shelter for homeless animals.

Kind of activity

Before you open an animal shelter, you should decide what services it will provide. Since the shelter itself practically does not bring profit and is maintained at the expense of caring citizens and sponsors, the possibility of own earnings will not be superfluous.

On the basis of the shelter you can open:

• veterinary clinic;
• hotel for animals;
• cynological courses;
• grooming and so on.

All commercial activities must be carried out in parallel with the direct responsibilities of the organization, which include providing animals with:

• housing;
• food;
• treatment;
• vaccinations;
• sterilization;
• search for a host.

At will, as, for example, many animal shelters in Moscow do, it is possible to organize the capture of stray pets.

Fundraising

With any option for choosing the activity of a shelter, a starting amount is required to open it, and a rather big one at that. During the construction and organization stages, ordinary citizens rarely donate their funds, complaining about the dishonesty of others. You can start construction from your own funds, if you have enough money for this, or you can involve famous people, local politicians or other wealthy citizens as sponsors of charitable activities.

Many are interested in how to open an animal shelter with government support. It is easy to do this by contacting local governments with a relevant request, but the option of a municipal shelter will always be far from ideal content. The fact is that the source of its funding is the state, which allocates too little money for the normal maintenance of animals.

Team selection

Before you open an animal shelter, even if you already have money for this, you need to select the future staff of the organization. In any case, one person will not be able to cope with all the responsibilities, and it is important for animals to be loved and understood, especially for those who have already experienced betrayal. All employees of the shelter should warmly treat their wards, regardless of their position.

Usually in the staff of the shelter there is always:

• manager;
• veterinarian;
• veterinary assistants;
• employees who provide daily care to animals;
• people who clean the premises after the animals;
• night watchmen.

Also, depending on the expansion of activities in the state, there may be a cynologist, a driver, a person who catches animals from the street, and so on.

Registration of activity

So, how to open an animal shelter, where to start, what documents to collect and who to contact? The first step is to visit the local branch public organizations city ​​or region and register. There are several options for this.

Selfless option

For a municipal shelter, a non-profit form is best. It implies a ban on commercial activities on the territory of the organization, but at the same time expands the possibilities for obtaining various benefits from the state. Animal shelters in Moscow that operate under this system receive subsidies, pay taxes at reduced rates, and receive additional funding from charitable donations. Unfortunately, this form of organization will pay for itself only after ten years, given that the incoming funds should be spent exclusively on the needs of the shelter by 80%.

Additional profit

How to open an animal shelter that will bring money or at least pay back its investments in a short time? To do this, it is legally necessary to immediately register the organization as a commercial one. This form allows the provision of additional paid services on the territory of the shelter. The list of such services is not limited to anything, since the amount to be paid wages employees do not have a clear framework.

Such a shelter can provide for itself by receiving money:

• from providing veterinary care to pets;
• cosmetic procedures for animals;
• conducting cynological courses and so on.

At the same time, commercial organizations do not receive funding from the state and do not have any benefits.

In fact, the question of how to open an animal shelter in Russia is very complicated, and without legal assistance Few people can cope with a specialist in the correct design of the organization and its further maintenance. If there is a desire to really help our smaller brothers and keep the shelter for long years, you should have a personal legal adviser capable of defending the interests of the charitable organization in any situation.

Choosing the right place

The main rule that you should know before opening an animal shelter is that it must be located no closer than 300 meters from the nearest residential building. You should also pay attention to the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe territory, which ideally should be at least a hectare of land with the ability to organize walking for animals. Given this, it is best to choose a place outside the city or in a wasteland, within locality. Land outside the city will cost an order of magnitude cheaper both when buying and when renting.

The cost of the necessary facilities

For an accelerated installation process of buildings, you can use frame construction, but even without special finishing, this stage will take several million rubles, because heating, water supply, sanitation, electricity wiring and much more will be required. An important condition for shelters is a hard floor covering in the premises and throughout the organization, to make it easier to keep clean. This leads to the need for asphalting or concreting, and hence additional costs. Also, the shelter must have a fence around the perimeter with a height of at least 2.5 meters.

In this material:

The question of how to open a shelter for homeless animals often arises before lovers of dogs and cats. A small private shelter will not solve the problem of all pets left without an owner, but it can at least slightly improve the situation. You should not count on big profits, the source of financing will be own funds and donations from sponsors.

What is it for

An animal shelter is a point of overexposure, where dogs and cats, for one reason or another, who have lost their owners, are treated, sterilized, fattened, and then placed in good hands free of charge. Some of the animals remain in the shelter, but perfect option- Constant updating of the contingent. To achieve such a result, you will have to work hard.

Animals come to the shelter from the street, most often they are brought by volunteers. There may be abandoned puppies or kittens, pets whose owners have died, dogs or cats injured by hooligans or hit by a car. Most of the guests have their own sad story.

The shelter is not a dog or cat kennel. All incoming animals are necessarily sterilized, even purebred individuals are not subject to breeding. Residents who are ready to move into new house, accustomed to walking or trays, socialized, vaccinated, have veterinary passports.

Opening a shelter: where to start

Before you open an animal shelter, you need to take care of legal registration. Having an official status, it will be possible to look for solvent sponsors, to apply for benefits from the city administration. When registering an individual entrepreneur or LLC, you must specify wide range activities in order to further expand the possibilities of the shelter.

The next step is finding a suitable location. It is advisable to purchase or rent a plot away from residential areas, so as not to displease the neighbors. Enclosures are required for keeping large dogs, small dogs and cats can be kept in the house. The size of the premises and the plot depend on the number of animals.
Experts recommend starting with a small number of guests. It is important to decide in advance whether you will accept any animals or specialize only in dogs or cats. If a decision is made on joint shelter, representatives different types lodge separately.

Outdoor enclosures with insulated shelters are being built for dogs. Cats and small dogs can be kept in large cages. Rooms for animals are cleaned twice a day, from time to time they are completely disinfected. It is best to keep pets alone. Each enclosure is equipped with a place to sleep, bowls for food and water. Cats need scratching posts and litter boxes.

Before you open a kennel, you need to find a place to walk the dogs. Any wasteland that can be fenced off for greater security will do. Dogs need daily walks with the opportunity to run and stretch.

The room is divided into zones for young animals, animals in quarantine, sick and convalescent. Completely healthy guests, ready for transfer to new owners, are accommodated separately. It is important for a nursery to have its own veterinary office and at least one full-time doctor.

Hire staff. For 10-20 animals, 2 people are enough to clean the cages and enclosures, feed and walk the animals. We need a veterinarian and a person who will carry out general management, look for sources of funding, and engage in marketing. It is most profitable to involve volunteers who do not need regular payment to care for animals. The main requirements are patience and big love to domestic animals.

Before the start of the shelter, you need to purchase equipment: building materials for enclosures, dishes, mattresses and beds, medicines, collars, leashes, toilet trays, food supplies. It is more convenient to feed guests with ready-made dry food, but some owners prefer to cook their own food.

Funding sources: how to save

So that the shelter does not become unprofitable, but gradually begins to make a profit, it is important to carefully consider its organization.

Private sponsors can finance the work; in some cases, state or municipal grants can be obtained. To do this, you must contact the city administration with the appropriate application. The city authorities can help with the selection of a site, issue a financial subsidy, connect the shelter to one of the social programs.

You can save on feed by concluding an agreement with a meat processing plant or a private meat processing plant for the purchase of trimmings, bones and offal at wholesale prices. Many representative offices of brands of dry food are ready to offer special prices to owners of nurseries and shelters.

In order to receive help from the public and actively distribute pets, it is important to inform people as widely as possible. Shelter advertising is placed on specialized forums, in free publications. Very good returns can be obtained from co-branding programs with veterinary clinics, cat and dog shows. At such events, animals are distributed, help is collected from the population, and helpers are attracted to work in the shelter.

Expansion of activities

Additional income will be provided by a veterinary station or a pet store operating at the shelter. For veterinary activities, you must obtain a license and have a certified veterinarian on staff. The point can carry out preferential sterilization, vaccinate, and provide consulting services. It is important to set reasonable prices that compare favorably with competitors' offers.

We know very little about the time when the first domestic animals appeared, there is practically no confirmed information about them. There are no legends or chronicles about that period in the life of mankind when we were able to tame wild animals. It is believed that already in the Stone Age, ancient people had domesticated living creatures, the ancestors of today's domestic animals. The time when a person received modern domestic animals remains unknown to science, and the formation of today's domestic animals as a species is also unknown.

Scientists suggest that every domestic animal has its own wild progenitor. Proof of this are archaeological excavations carried out on the ruins of ancient human settlements. During the excavations, bones belonging to domestic animals were found. ancient world. So it can be argued that even in such a distant era of human life, we were accompanied by domesticated animals. Today there are species of domestic animals that are no longer found in the wild.

Many of today's wild animals are feral animals due to the fault of man. For example, let's take America or Australia as a clear proof of this theory. Almost all domestic animals in these continents were brought from Europe. These animals have found fertile ground for life and development. An example of this is hares or a rabbit in Australia. Due to the fact that there are no natural predators dangerous for this species on this continent, they bred in huge quantities and went wild. Since all rabbits were domesticated and brought by Europeans for their needs. Therefore, we can say with confidence that more than half of wild domesticated animals are former domestic animals. For example, wild city cats and dogs.

Be that as it may, the question of the origin of domestic animals should be considered open. As for our pets. Then the first confirmations in the annals and legends we meet a dog and a cat. In Egypt, the cat was a sacred animal, and dogs were actively used in the ancient era by mankind. There is plenty of evidence for this. In Europe, the cat appeared in its mass after crusade, but firmly and quickly occupied the niche of a pet and mouse hunter. Before them, Europeans used different animals to catch mice, such as the weasel or the genet.

Domestic animals are divided into two unequal species.

The first type of domestic animals are farm animals that bring direct benefit to humans. Meat, wool, fur and many others useful things, goods, and are also used by us for food. But they do not live with a person directly in the same room.

The second type is animal pets (companions), which we see every day in our homes or apartments. They brighten up our leisure, entertain us and give us pleasure. And most of them with practical purpose almost useless in modern world, for example, hamsters, Guinea pigs, parrots and many others.

Animals of the same species may not infrequently belong to both species, both farm animals and pets. A striking example In addition, rabbits and ferrets are kept at home as pets, but also bred for meat and fur. Also, some pet waste can be used, for example, cat and dog hair for knitting various items or as a heater. For example, dog hair belts.

Many doctors note the positive impact of pets on human health and well-being. We can see that many families who keep some animals at home note that these animals create comfort, calm, and relieve stress.

This encyclopedia was created by us to help pet lovers. We hope that our encyclopedia will help you in choosing and caring for your pet.

If you have an interesting observation of the behavior of your pet or have a desire, share information about some kind of pet. Or you have a nursery, a veterinary clinic, or a hotel for animals near your home, write to us about them at the address so that we add this information to the database on our website.