The number of the Belarusian army for the year. About the Belarusian army in figures, facts and comments
Meanwhile, February 23 remains one of the brightest dates in our history. On this day in 1918, the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army was formed. It was she who became the decisive factor for the protection and, in fact, the preservation of the Belarusian people in the most severe conditions of the twentieth century. So it is quite natural: this day in our history symbolizes the greatest feats for the glory of the Fatherland.
The date of birth of the Belarusian army itself can be considered March 20, 1992 - then the government decree "On the creation of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus" was adopted. In accordance with it, the former troops of the KBVO began to be transformed into an army independent country. About the Belarusian army in figures, facts and comments - Violetta Sokolovich.
War is a great thing for the state, it is the soil of life and death, it is the way of existence and death. This needs to be understood. Words to think about, numbers to understand.
The strength of the Belarusian army as of January 1, 2018 is almost 65,000 people, of which more than 46,000 are servicemen.
Combat strength of the army in Peaceful time includes ground forces - controlled by the General Staff of the Armed Forces and subdivided into two operational commands - Western and Northwestern. The air force and air defense forces are the most numerous in the Belarusian army, together with auxiliary units, they make up 11,000 people. By the way, our pilots set 15 world records in terms of time to climb on a fighter - MIG-29, by the way, it was modernized in Belarus. Special Operation Forces - 6,000 thousand personnel, the most equipped branch of the armed forces. Do not forget the transport troops, and the territorial ones, the number of the latter is almost twice as large as the army itself - 120 thousand people, but this number assumes war time. I will say that the largest unit is the brigade.
The Belarusian army is armed with 1317 T-72 tanks of various modifications. In June 2017, military units received latest tanks T-72B3, now they have a more powerful power plant and sight Belarusian production"Pine-U". 1942 combat vehicles- these are 488 armored personnel carriers and 1454 infantry fighting vehicles.
jet systems salvo fire of various calibers - a total of 289 units. Including six of the latest "Polonaise" capable of hitting targets at ranges up to 300 km. Wherein ballistic trajectory rocket flight takes place at an altitude of 50 kilometers. The ammunition dives at the target almost vertically, reaches five speeds of sound in flight and is as resistant to interference as possible. Today in the world there are no means capable of hitting it.
The Air Force and Air Defense Troops are one of the branches of the Armed Forces of Belarus. Designed to cover administrative, military, economic centers, groupings of troops from enemy air strikes, as well as to destroy enemy facilities and troops and ensure combat operations ground forces. Were created in 2001. Air Force is anti-aircraft rocket troops; radio engineering; special forces and services. At the same time, the Air Force is the MiG-29 of various modifications, Su-25 attack aircraft, combat training Yak-130, military transport Il-76 and An-26. attack helicopters in the amount of 15 units, of which Mi-24 and Mi-24R.
Air defense systems are represented by: anti-aircraft missile system S-300 - 16 divisions, Tor - M2E - 4 batteries (the latest air defense system, but made in Russia), the Strela anti-aircraft missile system - 4 batteries, the Buk air defense system in the amount of four divisions. By the way, the combat crews of anti-aircraft divisions missile systems S-300 and Tor-M2, as a rule, are among the best in the exercises within the framework of the Joint Air Defense System of the CIS countries “Combat Commonwealth”.
As we have said, the strength special operations the most equipped branch of the armed forces, in terms of the latest technology. They are armed with over 50 armored vehicles of various modifications. For example, Volat V‑1 is a promising Belarusian development of the military-industrial complex. Made on the instructions of the Ministry of Defense and having more than 70 percent of components of domestic production, the armored car has passed a full cycle of tests, covering more than forty thousand kilometers and demonstrating high performance. To this we can add more than 100 units of armored personnel carriers designed for combat operations to overcome water barriers afloat, for protection against external influencing factors, as well as for firing at air targets. Plus modern weapon, night vision devices, communication systems.
The process of equipping the Belarusian army with new and modernized weapons is not interrupted. Defense Minister Andrey Ravkov once said that in last years an average of 25 new types of weapons and equipment are accepted annually.
For 100 years, the Belarusian army has gone from cavalry to "Polonaise". What will be the next century, time will tell.
Article content:
When comparing armies different countries, then each of them has its own peculiarity. If we talk about the army of the Republic of Belarus, then it has its own zest. The term of military service in it is tied to the presence of higher education. And speaking specifically, it turns out if the conscript has higher education he serves for 12 months, if education is lower, up to 18 months. If a young man graduated from college with military department, the period is reduced to 6 months.
What's next?
In 2014, the Ministry of Defense of Belarus stated that there was no need to change the terms of military service. It adheres to this line to this day. In the coming years, 2017-2018 There will be no changes related to the terms of military service. As employees of the General Staff said, the country's needs for conscripts are fully met.
The current conscription campaign has fully fulfilled the conscription plan. If you suddenly have to reduce the service life, then this will reduce the grounds for deferment. And this will hit university students first. educational institutions. Although not in one country, the term of service is not tied to the presence of higher education from a soldier. In addition, a Belarusian youth has the right to learn a military specialty, while being in the reserve. Conscripts in the reserve are specialists in their profession, who are valued and respected at work. They have the right to go to military training periodically, without leaving their main place of work. The list of professions included in the reserve includes more than 10 specialties.
The service period does not include:
- the period that the conscript spent in arrest;
- time spent in the guardhouse;
- the period of unauthorized abandonment of military service, regardless of the reasons;
- time of service under the contract, if the soldier has not fully completed his term military service and terminated the contract early.
A serviceman of the Republic of Belarus serves in military positions: a soldier, a sailor, a foreman, a sergeant, an ensign, an officer and a midshipman.
The military has the right to occupy strictly one position. The President of the Republic of Belarus appoints and dismisses the Minister of Defense and other heads of state bodies.
Demography
In connection with the demographic situation in the Republic of Belarus, the number of conscripts is decreasing. Therefore, deferrals from military service were canceled for students who were studying abroad, for correspondence students or young men in distance learning. As a result, the military registration and enlistment offices fulfilled the conscription plan.
In Belarus, the recruitment system of the Armed Forces, which includes conscripts and soldiers who have signed a contract, does not change either. AT recent times more and more soldiers, retired after military service, enter into a contract for further stay in the ranks Armed Forces The Republic of Belarus. Now their number has exceeded 5 thousand soldiers and sergeants.
In June 2015, the Law “On Alternative Service” was adopted in the Republic of Belarus. It entered into force in July 2016. The main law of the BR is the Constitution. It spells out all the rights of citizens, but, in addition to rights, there are also duties. According to the BR Constitution, the protection of the state is the sacred duty of a citizen. Due to various circumstances and different state health, not all young men have such an opportunity, someone does not serve family circumstances, and someone simply evades military service. Among the evaders there are physically developed young men who, for their moral reasons, cannot deal with weapons, military equipment. This goes against their religious principles. For this layer of citizens, the Government of the Republic has introduced an alternative service in the army.
When transferring the agenda, such a young man has every right to apply to the military registration and enlistment office 10 days before the end of the draft campaign. It is considered by the commission directly in his presence.
The draft commission makes a decision on the basis of the testimony of the conscript, the oral information of witnesses, materials and documents confirming his religious direction. And also the law lists the grounds under which there is a refusal in alternative service.
The conscript will have to do alternative service in the territories where he will be sent by the Ministry of Labor and social development. He will have to temporarily change his place of residence, where temporary housing and a place of work will be provided. The passage of this service will be at the facilities social sphere. The working week will be 48 hours, and the term of the civil service will exceed the urgent twice. That is, if the conscript has a higher education for two years, and if not, then for three whole years. So when deciding to serve on an alternative basis, the conscript needs to weigh the pros and cons.
Thus, it became clear that the military service in the army of the Republic of Belarus will not change. It will remain at the same values in 2017-2018.
Video: Term of military service in the army of Belarus
Belarusian military experts, analyzing the state of the military-industrial complex of Belarus, concluded that the army and military infrastructure of the republic are in a catastrophic situation. In 2017, 924 million rubles (about $500 million) will be spent on defense from the country's budget. Security experts say that this money is barely enough to maintain the military-industrial complex, but not enough to rearm the army. At the same time, the July decisions of the country's leadership make it possible to predict an increase in the military budget and financing of the military-industrial complex.
Army rearmament program postponed due to insufficient funding
A striking example is the state of the republic's military fleet. If in the early 1990s, after the collapse of the USSR, it had more than a hundred good aircraft at that time, now the country can boast of several training Yak-130s that were recently bought in Russia. Everything else is aviation yesterday.
Main combat vehicles air force Belarus, MiG-29 and Su-27, it was decided to replace 2 years ago. One Russian Su-30 costs $30 million, there are no funds even for recruiting a squadron in the budget, therefore, plans to switch to the Su-30 were postponed indefinitely.
The current head of the Gosvoenprom of Belarus, Major General Oleg Dvigalev, who had previously been the commander of the Air Force and Air Defense Forces of the armed forces of the republic, clarified in February 2017 that the purchase of the Su-30 is planned to be completed before the end of 2020, but for now the military fleet is also coping with carrying combat duty, and with the training of flight personnel. (Note: O. Dvigalev was appointed to new position July 18, 2017. According to military observer A. Alesin, his appointment shows the vector of development of the military-industrial complex of Belarus: there will be a bias towards the development and improvement anti-aircraft missile systems, air vehicles.)
In April 2017, during a meeting between A. Lukashenko and V. Putin in St. Petersburg, the issue of purchasing Su-30s for 50% of their cost was raised again, but so far the deal has not taken place.
70% of Belarusian military-industrial complex products are exported
Information about how much the republic's budget receives from this activity is closed; according to experts, about $300 million a year. Basically, Belarus sells old stocks.
For comparison. In 1998-2001 Belarus sold for $1 billion and took the 11th place in the world according to this indicator. In 2005, the republic was one of the twenty most active arms sellers in the world. Sales of aircraft, helicopters, armored personnel carriers, tanks and other equipment to Iran, Sudan, Côte d'Ivoire, Peru, and Uganda were officially confirmed.
Over the past 12 years, the structure of Belarusian arms exports has changed. In the world arms market, the republic began to specialize in the supply of automated systems management air defense, aviation; guidance systems for tanks and artillery. In addition, at present Belarus is actively engaged in the modernization of military equipment, selling dual-use technologies.
Military experts on the defense budget of Belarus
Belarusian journalist, economic and military observer A. Alesin confirms that no more than 1% of the country's total budget is spent on defense. There has been no real increase in expenditures for these purposes in the last 3 years. The increase that the state demonstrates is, first of all, "jumps in the exchange rate of the Belarusian ruble against the dollar." The budget "increased" within the limits of inflation.
What then does the country export? Perhaps “the so-called surplus of military equipment: what is left of the USSR; ammunition that has expired; other military property; individually old tanks; decommissioned Su-24s, possibly Su-27s.
At the same time, the expert believes that the announced $300 million does not include income from trading in various electronic systems, means of electronic intelligence, radars, software, drones, etc. In reality, the proceeds from the sale can reach $1 billion.
How much is spent on rearmament is unknown. Most of goes to the military-industrial complex's own needs: for salaries, taxes, and so on.
Andrey Porotnikov, head of the analytical project Belarus Security Blog, believes that the funds provided for in the budget for defense are not even enough to properly maintain the personnel of the armed forces, not to mention the purchase of new military equipment and training of army personnel. In his opinion, the size of the country's defense budget should be increased to at least 3% of GDP. This can be done by redistributing budget spending and by pooling all off-budget funds.
Prospects for increasing funding for the Belarusian military-industrial complex
Already in July this year. new expert reports appeared on the websites of Belarusian analytical centers describing a number of trends: the strengthening of the influence of the army of Belarus through new personnel appointments; improvement of the control system of the power bloc by the top political leadership of the country; the need to resolve the issue as soon as possible rational use resources of the military-industrial complex, security and defense of Belarus. Reports on the expansion of cooperation in the field of security with the PRC were a separate line.
So, on July 25, 2017 between the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Belarus and the Ministry public safety China signed a protocol of intent to expand cooperation in the fight against terrorism. Interaction includes the exchange of information, joint operations and the provision of technical assistance from China.
On July 27, 2017, President of Belarus A. Lukashenko, at a meeting with the leadership of the State Secretariat of the Security Council, pointed out the need to optimize the management system of the country's power bloc, develop a new mechanism for the head of state to work with the State Secretariat of the Security Council and law enforcement agencies. During 2017, the maximum number and amount of funding for each department should be determined, as well as areas of work specified. It is assumed that the leadership of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Defense will be able to redistribute material and human resources, following current priorities.
According to experts, this is due to the changed diplomatic strategy of the Belarusian authorities towards Russia. Russia is no longer regarded as a guarantor of internal stability and external security of the republic, therefore, it is necessary to look for new points of support in the field of internal and external security. The expansion of security cooperation with China is one of the manifestations of the new foreign policy strategy.
The fact that the influence of the Ministry of Defense of Belarus is growing is evidenced by the increase in the share of expenditures in the state budget of the country for the needs of the military-industrial complex.
On July 17, 2017, the law “On Approval of the Report on the Execution of the Republican Budget for 2016” was adopted. Expenditures under the item "Defense and Armed Forces" were initially approved in the amount of 834.6 million Belarusian rubles, then the figure was adjusted to 988.6 million, and in total, almost 983 million were used at the end of the year (in the public domain of the document, on the basis of which the Ministry of Defense received additional funding, no.)
The experts suggested where the additional funding was directed. In their opinion, this is the development of the Polonaise MLRS in terms of increasing the range to 300 km and integrating the Chinese operational-tactical missile M-20 into the armament complex, including the supply of weapons to the troops; modernization tank park, including up to the level of T-72B3 by the forces of the Russian "Uralvagonzavod"; purchase of vehicles, including Cayman, V-1, CS/VN3 Dragon armored vehicles; acquisition of an additional batch of unmanned aerial systems for various purposes, as well as new technology communications, including the Belintersat satellite system.
In addition, commenting on the appointment of Major General Oleg Dvigalev as chairman of the State Military-Industrial Committee, the experts concluded that the status of the GVPK was downgraded and that he was directly subordinate to the Ministry of Defense. The President of Belarus decided to oblige the GVPK to provide for the requests of the army, i.e. improve quality, reduce product costs and meet project deadlines.
Thus, Belarusian analytical centers conclude that for the first time in 26 years, there are prospects for the resumption of funding for the military-industrial complex in the proper amount. Due to the security crisis in Eastern Europe and changing the priority of threats to the national security of Belarus from internal political and socio-economic to external ones.
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