Where is the coldest place on earth right now? Where is the coldest point on Earth: a detailed excursion

Many foreigners, having arrived in Russia, for example, in Moscow or Belgorod, are sincerely surprised that the winter here is not so fierce. The stereotype created by the media is crumbling. But these cities are far from the whole country, and in fact there are a lot of places in the Russian Federation where the temperature drops significantly below 0 degrees. And people live and work in these harsh conditions of eternal winter.

The coldest places in Russia

The research “Vostok”, located in Antarctica, the coldest place not only in Russia, but on the whole planet, was founded back in 1957. The opening day became the warmest in the history of observations - the temperature then was -13.6 ° С. The coldest recorded temperature is -89.2 °C.

Interestingly, the territory on which the Vostok station stands is logically called the largest desert in the world, because there is practically no precipitation there.

The city of Yakutsk, the Republic of Sakha, Yakutia, with the largest population of all settlements located in the north-east of the country, is also the coldest city the globe. In January, the average temperature here is -41°C. The coldest day on record was recorded in 1946 when it was -64°C outside. It saves the locals that frosts are tolerated quite easily here.

Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon are two more settlements in Yakutia with a harsh frosty climate. The record of negative temperatures in the first of them was -67.1°С, and in the second one it was even lower than -71.2°С. The settlements are sunk in a niche between the mountains, where icy air collects - hence such severe frosts.

Oddly enough, summers in Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon are more than hot - in 2010 temperatures of +37.3°C and +34.6°C respectively were recorded.

Of the numerous Russian seas, the coldest is the East Siberian Sea, located in the basin of the Arctic Ocean. The water temperature in summer and winter in it is no more than -1.8 ° C. Almost all year round, the sea is covered with drifting ice floes, the thickness of which is several meters.

The coldest place in the world that does not belong to Russia

Of foreign possessions with constantly low temperatures, the coldest place is Greenland, which belongs to the state of Denmark. An island with an area of more than 2 million square meters. m, located in the waters of the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans. The average daily winter temperature here is -47°C, and a record minus was recorded in 1954 (-66°C).

In winter, getting ready for work in the morning, people wait with horror for the moment they go outside. It seems that colder place than the city outside the window does not exist. In fact, this is far from being the case, and somewhere at the moment it is really frosty. Of course, everything is known in comparison, and the feeling of heat and cold is quite different for everyone, because someone puts on all warm clothes at -10 degrees, and someone walks in a thin leather jacket. But there are real cold poles on the planet, where no one will remain indifferent to the weather.

Where is the coldest place on the planet?

The most cold spot on earth has the name "pole". The pole is the specific area of the earth where the lowest temperature has been observed. Even entire areas where the minimum temperature indicators were recorded can be considered cold poles. At the moment, there are several such points on our planet.

It can be unequivocally said that now there are two regions that are recognized as the coldest. Everyone knows their names: these are the South and North Poles.

North Pole

In the Northern Hemisphere, these points are in settlements. The lowest rate is achieved in the city of Verkhoyansk, which is located in Russia, the Republic of Yakutia. The record temperature here dropped to -67.8 degrees, it was recorded at the end of the 19th century.

The second cold pole is the village of Oymyakon. It is also located in Yakutia. The lowest temperature in Oymyakon was -67.7 degrees.

The most interesting thing is that these settlements periodically try to challenge which of them truly deserves the status North Pole. But if we ignore the disputes, then we must admit that these are really the coldest cities in the world.

South Pole

Now it's time to talk about here, too, there are champions. One of them is a Russian station called Vostok, which is located in Antarctica. It's practically The location of this station determines a lot. Here the temperature sometimes drops to -89.2 degrees. It is not surprising that this is the coldest point on Earth, because the thickness of the ice under the station is 3700 meters. However, in last years an even more striking number was found, which is -92 degrees.

Rating of the coldest places

In addition to the cold poles, there are quite a few regions with a harsh climate. There is far from one coldest point on Earth, so you can not deprive other objects of attention. To clarify this issue, a list of the TOP 10 coldest places on Earth was compiled. His results showed the following:

Plateau Station (East Antarctica).
Station "Vostok" (Antarctica).
Verkhoyansk (Russia).
Oymyakon (Russia).
Northeys (Greenland).
Eismitte (Greenland).
Prospect Creek (Alaska).
Fort Selkirk (Canada).
Roger Pass (USA).
Snow (Canada).

Where on the planet is it really hot?

People are always interested in where the coldest and hottest places on Earth are. This interest does not always come only from curiosity, many people want to visit these places, because such a trip will not only be educational, but will also leave impressions for a lifetime. However, not everyone will be able to withstand such a trip, because in some places the conditions are really extreme. already considered, now it is worth paying attention to their opposites.

Of course, Africa is the leader in the number of hot days and high temperatures. There are several places to highlight here. The first of these is the city of Kebili, located in Tunisia. It is really hard to be here, the mercury column can rise to a serious mark - 55 degrees of heat. This is one of the highest figures recorded on the African continent.

The second record holder is the city of Timbuktu. This small locality located in the Sahara. It originated at the crossroads of major trade routes. The town is also of great cultural interest. Now in Timbuktu there is a huge collection of ancient manuscripts and manuscripts. As for the temperature, here it often reaches 55 degrees. Local residents can hardly escape from the heat, dunes can often be seen on the streets, and sandstorms often begin.

Where is the hottest place on the planet?

Of course, not everyone can live in Africa; conditions on its territory are sometimes very extreme. However, there is a place that can break the records of Kebili and Timbuktu. This is a desert called Deshte Lut, located in Iran. Temperature measurements here do not take place constantly, since this is not always possible. In 2005, one of the satellites here recorded the absolute temperature maximum on our planet. It was 70.7 degrees of heat.

The coldest and hottest country

Now that we already know where the hottest and coldest point on Earth is located, it’s worth talking about more large facilities, for example about countries.

It is considered to be Qatar. This state is located in Southwest Asia. It boasts not only temperature records, but also its wealth. The most interesting thing is that the state system has been preserved here since time immemorial, Qatar still has an absolute monarchy.

The country is really very hot, in winter the temperature is usually around 28 degrees, and in summer - about 40 degrees of heat. When taking into account the acute shortage of water, sometimes the situation here is not the most positive.

Greenland is the coldest country in the world. This state can really amaze with its climate, at the height of summer the temperature often stays at 0 degrees and very rarely reaches the threshold of +10.

As for winter, here it is really harsh. average temperature January in some areas -27°С.

The "poles of cold" are those places on earth where the most low temperature. These are the Vostok station in Antarctica (Southern Hemisphere), the city of Verkhoyansk and the village of Oymyakon (Northern Hemisphere).

The Vostok station is located on a large ice dome at an altitude of 3488 meters above sea level. Average winter temperatures here are 60°C, summer temperatures are 20°C.

In 1983, in July, the lowest temperature was officially recorded - 83 ° C. And in 1997, scientists witnessed a decrease in temperature to -91 ° C.

Living conditions at the station are more than harsh. The polar night lasts 5 months in a row - i.e. almost six months. People suffer from great rarefaction of the air and lack of oxygen. Here you can not move quickly and even more so run, it is impossible to breathe deeply. Sometimes polar explorers cannot go outside for more than 10 minutes a day.

All residential buildings are iced over and covered with ice growths. Felt boots are worn here on the platform - the soles are sewn together in several layers so that the feet do not freeze. Water is obtained by melting snow. To do this, it is sawn and put into special snow melters.

The station can be reached by, but only in summer, and the rest of the time sledge-caterpillar trains go here.
Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon are on the other hemisphere. And the lowest temperatures here are slightly different from the Vostok station. In February 1933, a temperature of 67.7°C was recorded in Oymyakon. The same temperature was established in Verkhoyansk back in 1885.

Pole of heat on earth

There are many hot places on planet Earth. There are even rankings of the most warm places on different continents. Of course, the hottest is Africa. But officially the hot spot is the famous Death Valley in the USA.

Death Valley is located in the Mojave Desert in the Great Basin, California. Here is the most low point North America - 86 meters below sea level. In 1913, the most heat air on the ground - + 56.7оС.

The city of El Aziziya in Libya (Africa) is also considered a hot spot. Here, on September 13, 1922, the temperature was set at + 57.7 ° C. And the record for the hottest average annual temperatures was broken by the village of Dallol in Ethiopia in the 60s. Average annual temperatures were recorded here - + 34оС.

In these places, despite the average annual sub-zero temperature and record frosts in winter, ARVI very rarely gets sick. Viruses and bacteria do not get along here, but people feel good. The list of top 10 coldest cities in the world included 5 at the same time, excluding about. Svalbard, as well as a domestic research station in Antarctica. Which confirms that Russia is the most cold country on the planet.

Station "Vostok" - a city of polar explorers and penguins

An inland Arctic station that has existed since 1957. The site is a small town made up of several complexes, including residential and research modules, as well as technological buildings.

Arriving here, a person begins to die, everything contributes to this: temperatures up to -90C, low oxygen concentration, solid snow whiteness causes blindness. Here you can not make sudden movements, experience prolonged physical exercise- all this can lead to pulmonary edema, death, guaranteed loss of consciousness. When the arctic winter comes, the temperature drops below -80C, in such conditions gasoline thickens, diesel fuel crystallizes and turns into a paste, human skin dies within minutes.

Oymyakon is the coldest settlement on the planet

Absolute minimum: -78C, maximum: +30C.

A small settlement located in Yakutia is considered one of the "poles of cold" of the planet. This place is recognized as the most severe on Earth, in which the permanent population lives. In total, about 500 people took root in Oymyakon. The sharply continental climate is distinguished by hot summers and extremely cold winters, which is ensured by the remoteness from the oceans that warm the air. Oymyakon is also remarkable in that the difference maximum temperatures, - and +, is more than one hundred degrees. Despite its administrative status - a village, the place is included in the world rankings of the coldest cities in the world. There is one shop, a school, a boiler house, a gas station for the whole Oymyakon. People survive on livestock.

Verkhoyansk is the northernmost city of Yakutia

Absolute minimum: -68C, maximum: +38C.

Verkhoyansk is recognized as another "pole of cold" and constantly competes with Oymyakon for this title, the competition sometimes comes to an exchange of accusations and insults. In summer, dry heat can change abruptly to zero or negative temperatures. Winter is windy and very long.

There are no asphalt pavements, they simply cannot withstand the temperature difference. The population is 1200 people. People are engaged in reindeer herding, cattle breeding, there is forestry, there is a tourism focus in the local economy. There are two schools, a hotel, a local history museum, a weather station, and shops in the city. The younger generation is engaged in fishing and the extraction of mammoth bones and tusks.

Yakutsk is the coldest large city on Earth

Absolute minimum: -65, maximum: +38C.

The capital of the Republic of Sakha is located at the foot of the Lena River. Yakutsk is the only major city in the ranking of the coldest cities in the world where you can pay with a bank card, go to a SPA, a restaurant with Japanese, Chinese, European, any cuisine. The population is 300 thousand people. There are about fifty schools, several higher educational institutions, theaters, opera, circus, countless museums, small and medium-sized industry is well developed.

It is also the only settlement in the rating to which asphalt is laid. In summer and spring, when the ice melts, the roads are flooded, continuous canals similar to the Venetian ones are formed. Up to 30% of the world's diamond reserves are concentrated in these parts, almost half of the gold of the Russian Federation is mined. In winter in Yakutsk it is very difficult to bring a car, you have to heat the fuel line with a flame or a soldering iron. Every local at least once in his life confused morning with evening and vice versa.

Norilsk is the northernmost city on the planet with a population of over 150,000 people.

Absolute minimum: -53C, maximum: +32C.

Industrial city, part of Krasnoyarsk Territory. Recognized as the northernmost city on the planet, in which the permanent population exceeds 150 thousand people. Norilsk is included in the rating of the Earth, which is associated with a developed metallurgical industry. A state higher educational institution has been opened in Norilsk, and an art gallery is operating.

Guests and local residents are constantly faced with a number of problems: due to low temperatures in winter, it is customary to store cars in heated garages or not turn them off for a long time, the height of snowdrifts can reach up to the 3rd floor, the force of the wind can move cars and carry people away.

Longyearbyen - the tourist capital of the island of Barentsburg

Absolute minimum: -43C, maximum: +21C.

This place is as far from the equator as the Vostok station. The northernmost airport in the world with regular flights, Svalbard, is located here. Longyearbyen is administrative unit Norway, but visa restrictions do not apply here - at the airport they put a mark “I left Norway”. You can get there by air or by sea. Longyearbyen is the northernmost settlement with a population of more than a thousand people. The city can safely be called one of the coldest in the world, but it is more than suitable for a comfortable existence, compared to Verkhoyansk, for example.

What is remarkable: it is forbidden to be born and die here - there are no maternity hospitals and cemeteries. The corpses, which are most often the result of a meeting between a person and a bear, are transported to the mainland. In the city, as well as on the entire island of Svalbard, two types of transport prevail - a helicopter, a snowmobile. The main occupations of the locals are coal mining, dog sledding, skin dressing, research activities. The island has the world's largest repository of male seed, which is supposed to save humanity in the event of a global catastrophe.

Barrow is the northernmost city in the United States

Absolute minimum: -47C, maximum: +26C.

This is where the oilmen live. The population of the city is 4.5 thousand people. In the summer, it is impossible to predict exactly what you will have to get to work tomorrow - by snowmobile or car. Snow and frost can come to the region at any time and replace warm rare days.

Barrow is not a typical American town, there are dressed skins on houses everywhere, large bones of marine animals on the roads. There is no asphalt. But, there is also a piece of civilization: a football field, an airfield, clothing and food stores. The city is immersed in polar blues and ranks fourth among the coldest cities on the planet.

Murmansk is the largest city built beyond the Arctic Circle

Absolute minimum: -39C, maximum: +33C.

Murmansk is the only hero city located beyond the Arctic Circle. The only place in the Arctic, where more than 300 thousand people live. The entire infrastructure and economy is built around the port, one of the largest in Russia. The city is heated by the warm current of the Gulf Stream, which comes from the Atlantic Ocean.

Local residents do not deny themselves anything, here are McDonalds, and Zara, and Bershka, and many other stores, including the largest Russian supermarket chains. Developed hotel chain. The roads are mostly paved.

Nuuk is the capital of Greenland

Absolute minimum: -32C, maximum: +26C.

From Nuuk to the Arctic Circle - 240 kilometers, but the warm ocean current warms up the local air and soil. About 17 thousand people live here, who are engaged in fishing, construction, consulting, and science. There are several higher education institutions in the city. In order not to plunge into depression associated with the peculiarities of the climate, houses are painted in different colors, gilding is often found on the streets, municipal transport is full of bright signs. Something similar can be found in Copenhagen, which was not included in the rating of the coldest cities on Earth due to warm currents.

Ulaanbaatar is the coldest state capital on the planet

Absolute minimum: -42C, maximum: +39C.

Ulaanbaatar - first place in Central Asia from the list of the coldest cities in the world. local climate- sharply continental, which is explained by a very large distance from ocean currents. The capital of Mongolia is located much to the south of all the representatives of the rating, except for the Vostok station. More than 1.3 million people live here. The level of infrastructure is far ahead of the rest of Mongolia. Ulaanbaatar closes the rating of the coldest cities in the world.

It is difficult to determine reliably which places are the coldest on Earth. Initially, everything seems pretty simple - you just need to find information on temperatures, and then compare them. But how exactly to determine the place? Antarctica is, of course, the coldest place on Earth, but is it worth considering it as a whole? Or how many different items? Should we take the lowest recorded temperature, or the average for the year? There are many questions that prevent this list from being perfect. But this list contains the Top 10 places where you will definitely feel what real cold is like.

Vostok Station, Antarctica

Of course, the number one place on the list of the coldest is Antarctica. East is Russian meteorological station, which holds the record for the lowest ever recorded temperature on Earth - minus 53.67 degrees Celsius. This temperature was recorded on July 21st, 1983, although some claim that in 1997 it dropped to 55.56 degrees. The warmest month here is January, with an average temperature of -3.44 degrees, and the averages during winter months are minus 26.67 degrees. This place is at an altitude of 3,488 meters above sea level, with minimal oxygen and no humidity. Vostok station is considered one of the most dangerous, inhospitable and unpleasant places in the world.

Northeys in Greenland

The next place on the list is much less known. Northeys in Greenland was the research station of the British expedition in the 1950s, where they successfully recorded the lowest temperature in North America. A temperature of -66.1 degrees Celsius was recorded in Northice on January 9th, 1954. Cold temperatures persist to this day, so Northice is unlikely to become a popular tourist destination any time soon.

Eismitte in Greenland

In fairness, it should be noted that Eismitte (literally "Middle of Ice" in German) is devoid of any buildings and signs of civilization. In the 1930s, an expedition was sent here to take temperature measurements. In February, the coldest month, the temperature here drops to -64.9 °C. These studies came at a very heavy price. In 1930-1931, the mission claimed the lives of Alfred Wegener and Rasmus Willumsen, while another member of the group had his toes amputated without anesthetic. These are sufficient reasons to stop any desire to visit these places.

Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

The most populated place on our list, the capital of Mongolia is considered the coldest capital in the world and one of the most polluted. The city is located at an altitude of 1,310 meters above sea level and is home to 1,278,000 people. There are some interesting sights to see here, but you don't want to linger outside with an average January temperature of -25 degrees Celsius (which can easily drop to -42 degrees).

Eureka in Canada

This research settlement has no permanent residents, but only 8 staff members. Evreka has been used as a weather station since its founding in 1947. It is not the most glamorous place to work, with no sunshine from October to February and average annual temperature at -16 degrees Celsius. The area is also a polar desert, without any precipitation from October to May. Despite this, many plants and animals are present here, which is why Eureka was called the “Garden of the Arctic”. This is not only one of the coldest places on Earth, but also a place of great contrasts.

Oymyakon, Russia

When it comes to cold weather, Russia definitely ranks in the big leagues. Oymyakon recorded a record low of -67.78 degrees Celsius, the lowest recorded temperature for a permanently inhabited place on Earth. The record was recorded on February 6th, 1933. With a population of 472, the settlement is quite large compared to some of the others on the list.

Snedge in Yukon, Canada

What about the coldest temperature in continental North America? The record belongs to the village of Snej in Canada, where on February 3rd, 1947, a temperature of -62.78 degrees Celsius was recorded. The settlement is currently uninhabited, as the living conditions here are quite harsh.

Prospect Creek, Alaska

This cold place is currently uninhabited, but it was once home to several thousand construction workers who built the Trans-Alaskan Pipeline System between 1974 and 1977. The campsite was disbanded after the pipeline was completed and now there is no one to enjoy average daily temperatures-26 degrees Celsius in January. The lowest temperature recorded at Rogers Pass was -62 degrees (January 1971).

Stanley, Idaho, USA

The population of this city in Idaho is only 63 people. A record low of -47 degrees was recorded here in December, but Stanley is called the city of extremes, because during the warm months of summer the temperature can be quite high. The city has its own museum, mayor, and even its own chamber of commerce - pretty good for a population of 63!

Rogers Pass in the USA

Rounding out the list of the coldest places on Earth is Rogers Pass in Montana, USA. Located at an altitude of 5,610 meters above sea level, Rogers Pass is located in Montana, being one of the warmest places on the list. The average temperature in January currently fluctuates between -10 and 0 degrees, but on January 20, 1954, a record of -57 Celsius was recorded here.