Synopsis of the NOD “Journey through the Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve. Pechoro-Ilych Biosphere Reserve (presentation) Natalia Drach
Pechoro-Ilych State Natural biosphere reserve founded in 1930. Its founder is Evgeny Pavlovich Knorre. The reserve is located between two rivers - Pechora and Ilych, from where, in fact, it got its name. It was created to protect the largest virgin taiga massifs of the European part of Russia. Its area is over a hectare. The main problem is human activity
More than 40 species inhabit the Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve vertebrate mammals, more than two hundred species of birds, only one species of reptiles and 17 species of fish. Of the mammals, the elk, bear, wolf, wolverine, wild boar, badger, reindeer, raccoon dog, American mink and even forest lemming should be especially noted. Especially it is worth talking about the moose.
Domestication of elks The Pechoro-Ilych Reserve is the only place in the world where experiments on the domestication of elks have been conducted for about 70 years. These huge, hardy, unpretentious animals, ideally adapted to life in the taiga, attracted attention in the first place as a possible vehicle. With the advent of snowmobiles, this line of work lost its importance, but it turned out that elk milk has a number of healing qualities and can be used as a remedy. Research on the domestication of the elk and its practical use is one of the main scientific tasks of the Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve.
The pearl of the reserve The pearl of the Pechoro-Ilychsky reserve is the stone pillars "Bolvanoiz". The Ural Mountains are one of the oldest mountain systems in the world. Different kinds rocks under the influence of moisture and temperature changes are destroyed with different speed. These are different speeds. These pillars are all that is left of the pillars - all that remains of the once majestic of the once majestic loaches of the Northern Urals. loaches of the Northern Urals.
Pechora and the Urals The Urals is not only a symbolic border between Europe and Asia. This is the watershed of two huge river systems of the Ob and Pechora, and the sources of many rivers flowing in them are very close to each other. The inhabitants of the Pechora Territory grew up on fish from time immemorial, because pure Pechora is a true paradise for fish. Here, pike, burbot, and perch are considered gray, or simple, fish. You can also meet nelma, omul, whitefish, vendace, peled, whitefish, grayling. But the true queen of the Pechora waters, of course, remains salmon. But now she is under guard, and rarely anyone manages to catch her.
Summer Although the northern summer is not too generous, it manages to give the inhabitants of this region the long-awaited warmth and bright colors. The local flowers and herbs are modest, but this does not lose their charm. But with the onset of summer in the taiga, the most scary beast- midges are small blood-sucking insects, mosquitoes and the famous northern midge.
Berries in the swamps One of the most remarkable plant communities in the taiga, berry-growing sphagnum bogs. White moss is painted with bright colors of cloudberries, cranberries, blueberries, black and red currants are full of coastal areas. The northern cloudberry is especially good. Its unripe berries are coral in color, as they ripen, they brighten, acquiring a honey-transparent color and an incomparable delicate taste and smell. Cloudberry is a favorite berry of the northerners, it is eaten fresh, steamed, soaked, pies and shanezhki are baked with it.
The pearl of the reserve The pearl of the Pechoro-Ilychsky reserve is the stone pillars "Bolvanoiz". The Ural Mountains are one of the oldest mountain systems in the world. Different types of rocks under the influence of moisture and temperature changes are destroyed at different rates. These pillars are all that remains of the once majestic loaches of the Northern Urals.
Summer Although the northern summer is not too generous, it manages to bestow long-awaited warmth and bright colors on the inhabitants of this region. The local flowers and herbs are modest, but this does not lose their charm. But with the onset of summer, the most terrible beast wakes up in the taiga - midges - these are small blood-sucking insects, mosquitoes and the famous northern midge.
Berries in swamps One of the most remarkable plant communities in the taiga is berries in sphagnum bogs. White moss is painted with bright colors of cloudberries, cranberries, blueberries, black and red currants are full of coastal areas. The northern cloudberry is especially good. Its unripe berries are coral in color, as they ripen, they brighten, acquiring a honey-transparent color and an incomparable delicate taste and smell. Cloudberry is a favorite berry of the northerners, it is eaten fresh, steamed, soaked, pies and shanezhki are baked with it.
Domestication of elk The Pechoro-Ilych Nature Reserve is the only place in the world where experiments on the domestication of elk have been conducted for about 70 years. These huge, hardy, unpretentious animals, ideally adapted to life in the taiga, attracted attention primarily as a possible vehicle. With the advent of snowmobiles, this line of work lost its importance, but it turned out that elk milk has a number of healing qualities and can be used as a remedy. Research on the domestication of the elk and its practical use is one of the main scientific tasks of the Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve.
The work can be used for lessons and reports on the subject "Philosophy"
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Vera Eroh
Synopsis of the GCD "Journey through the Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve"
Target: Formation of ideas in children about Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve.
Tasks:
1. Fix ideas about the concept « reserve» .
2. Introduce children to the history of creation Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve, its territorial location.
3. Show the diversity of flora and fauna Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve.
4. Raise interest in the study of the native land.
Material and equipment: In count children: emblems, pictures for coloring, colored pencils; mat; memos "Rules of conduct in the forest"; 2 backpacks; items for the game "Pick up your backpack"; map Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve; Red Book; chamomile; signal; projector; illustrations Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve, animals, birds, plants; the envelope.
preliminary work:
Conversations about native land, about .
GCD "Red Book", "Young ecologist", « reserved places» .
Didactic games "Who lives where?", "Plants ", What do we take with us on a hike? and etc. ;
Solving riddles on the topic.
GCD progress:
The teacher tells the children that nature has importance in everyone's life human: after all, in addition to beauty and good mood, it gives a person something without which it is impossible to live. And what exactly, riddles will tell.
Well, which one of you will answer:
Not fire, but it burns painfully,
Not a flashlight, but a bright light.
And not a baker, but bakes. (sun)
Can a person live without sunlight and warmth?
Passes through the nose to the chest
And the reverse is on its way.
He is invisible and yet
We cannot live without it. (air)
Can we live without air?
They drink me.
They pour me.
Everyone needs me.
Who is she? (water)
Will wink at you furtively
Sweet lantern made from grass. (berry)
He stood on a strong foot.
Now lies in a basket. (mushroom)
housewife
Flies over the lawn.
Pat over a flower
And share honey. (bee)
Shines in the clean river
The back is silver. (fish)
The sun, air, water, berries, mushrooms, bees, fish, and all this is nature.
Man lives in nature, man's life depends on nature.
And what do you guys think, does the beauty of nature depend on a person? (People plant forests, protect animals, feed birds, clean rivers, etc.)
Does man always help nature? Can man destroy nature? (Pollutes rivers, cuts down forests, traps animals, etc.)
People can increase nature, or they can destroy the rest. There are many examples in the history of mankind when a person did not take into account the laws of the development of nature, caused great harm to the flora and fauna and entire ecological systems. Many species of living creatures began to disappear from the face of the earth.
But the wonderful thing is that a person knows how to correct his mistakes.
More than a hundred years ago, a law was issued that made it possible to create in our country nature reserves. What is reserve? The reserve is a place where nature has the right to live by its own laws. This is a place where herbs, flowers, berries, mushrooms, trees, shrubs, animals, birds, insects, and fish are protected by the state.
AT reserve people are forbidden to pick flowers, berries, mushrooms, fish, hunt birds and animals.
AT reserve come only on an excursion where they get acquainted with the beauty and wealth reserved places.
caregiver: We are going to nature, which means we must be careful and attentive. (Children walk along the track "From track to track").
Now let's all say hello alive: (physical education minute)
hello blue sky
Hello golden sun
Hello Mother Earth,
Hello my friends.
caregiver: Guys, do you like travel?
Children: Yes.
caregiver: Let's go with you today trip to the Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve. I will be the tour guide.
The teacher gives the teams emblems.
Consult and choose a captain (Children choose a captain). But before you start travel, what should be done?
Children: Get ready for the road.
The game "Pick up your backpack"
From the proposed items, children choose those that may be useful in travel.
caregiver: The backpack has been collected, the captain will carry it. Guys, pay attention to the map. This is a map of our region. What area do we live in?
Children: We live in the Komi Republic.
caregiver: The nature of our region is rich and diverse. But many plants and animals are on the verge of extinction. Why do you think this is happening? (children's answers) Such endangered species of plants and animals are listed in a special book. What? (Red Book).(Show) The Red Book is not an ordinary book. Red is a signal of alarm, impending danger, warning. We all understand that it is necessary to protect nature. For this, in our region created nature reserves. Reserves are plots of land where all nature is under strict protection. They were created to preserve and study the flora and fauna.
caregiver: Reserve to which I invite you is called Pechoro-Ilych Reserve. We go there by train (walking in a column one at a time, in small steps). Be careful! Do not leave the car until the train has come to a complete stop. (Signal) Stop. Here we are with you and got to the place. Any reserve created for the purpose of protection and study of natural objects, flora and fauna. Pechoro-Ilychsky is no exception. It was created to protect the largest virgin taiga massifs of the European part of Russia. Situated reserve between two rivers - Pechora and Ilych - from where actually got its name. Administratively Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve located on the territory of the Komi Republic, and geographically on the western macroslope Ural mountains (Northern Ural). Territory Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve intersects(superimposed) with the territory of another, no less famous, subject of nature protection - national park Yugyd Va. In addition, in the south Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve neighbors(of course, not having a common border, but not far) with Vishersky nature reserve. (Slide 24) The most famous natural and historical objects Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve are the Manpupuner plateau and the Torre Pore Iz valley.
caregiver: Guys, do you want to know who lives in this reserve?
Children: Yes!
caregiver: Let's make a halt with you, and I will tell you and show you the inhabitants of this reserve!
AT Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve there are more than 40 species of vertebrate mammals, more than two hundred species of birds, only one species of reptiles and 17 species of fish.
The mammals are: elk, bear, wolf, wolverine, wild boar, badger, reindeer, raccoon dog, American mink and even forest lemming. There are such inhabitants as weasel, ermine, American and European mink, badger and otter, pine marten, sable and Siberian weasel. Pretty dramatic fate Pechora beaver. The fact is that in 38-40 years of the twentieth century, its population on Pechora was completely destroyed. I had to import several batches of beavers from Voronezh reserve. Today within the boundaries Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve there are more than 400 beavers.
Especially it is worth talking about the moose. The fact is that Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve famous for its elk farm, which is located in the village of Yaksha. The elk has even become a kind of symbol reserve. Today at Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve in winter period there are up to 400 moose.
Unfortunately, it must be admitted that populations of wild reindeer less fortunate than moose. There are literally a few deer left.
And in the rivers and lakes live such fish as grayling and taimen, burbot, whitefish, ide, gallian, perch, pike, roach. There is even salmon. (Slide 50 -59)
caregiver: Within the territory of Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve there are 11 very rare and endangered species of plants - colors: forest girder, alpine woodsia, Kuznetsov's cinquefoil, peony Maryin root, Zavadsky's dendrantema; three plant species listed in the Red book: real lady's slipper, Helm's minuartia, Shiverekia Podolskaya; six endemics, including the Ural arthropod
caregiver: And now I propose to test your knowledge and solve riddles about the inhabitants of this reserve. Consult and give the correct answer.
Touching the grass with his hooves, a handsome man walks through the forest.
Like a fire his skin burns,
The whole animal is covered with white spots. (Deer)
Along the river, along the water
A line of boats floats
The ship is ahead
Leads them along
Small boats have no oars,
And the boat hurts a walker.
Right, left, back, forward
He will turn the whole gang. (Duck with ducklings)
There is a crooked and horned root,
Healing power rich.
And maybe two centuries
He's waiting for a man
In the thicket of the forest
Under cedar pine. (Ginseng)
Blooms in spring, bears fruit in summer,
Doesn't fade in autumn
Doesn't die in winter. (Cedar)
working animals
Building a house in the middle of the river.
If someone comes to visit
Know that the entrance is from the river. (beavers)
Touching the grass with hooves.
A handsome man walks through the forest
Walks boldly and easily.
Horns spread wide. (deer)
He looks like a sheepdog
Every tooth is a sharp knife
He runs, baring his mouth,
Ready to attack the sheep. (Wolf)
This beast with two fangs
With very powerful legs
And with a tortilla on the nose.
He digs the ground in the forest.
Answer: Boar
Who is on his head
Does the forest wear?
Answer: Elk
What kind of animal
Tell me brothers
Can he climb into himself?
Answer: Mink
You take my word for it, This is a very predatory beast.
He is fluffy, dodgy, dexterous, He is a vole hunter.
Hearing is excellent, sharp eye, He will crawl through a narrow hole,
Reddish coloration. And the name of the animal. (weasel)
caregiver: Well done, you guessed all the riddles.
The game "Inhabitants Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve»
Envelopes are given to children. They examine illustrations depicting animals, birds and plants, determine which of them live in Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve and which ones are not. Illustrations of those animals, birds and plants that do not live in this reserve, "send" in an envelope to the motherland.
caregiver: Guys, illustrations depicting the inhabitants Take with you the Pechoro-Ilychsky Reserve to introduce them to your friends and acquaintances.
Children's attention is drawn to the poster, which says "THAT IS HIS OWN LAND, WHO DESTROYS ITS NATURE."
Questions for children:
How do you understand this proverb?
What reserve?
What species of plants and animals are protected there?
What is the name of the book that lists endangered species?
caregiver: Well done boys! Indeed, the nature of our region is beautiful and diverse, but it is defenseless against humans.
Child:
Tree, grass, flower and bird
They don't always know how to defend themselves.
If they are destroyed
We will be alone on the planet.
Child:
If I pick a flower
If you pick a flower
If together you and me
If everyone picks flowers,
That will remain empty
All trees and bushes
And there will be no beauty!
The song by Y. Antonov "Do not pick flowers" sounds
Children say in chorus "OUR MOTTO IS TO LOVE AND PROTECT THE NATURE OF OUR LAND".
So that you do not forget the rules of behavior in the forest, get a reminder
caregiver: Today we visited Pechoro - Iychsky Reserve got to know different animals and flora. It's time to go back to kindergarten.
And so our fun ended. trip to Pechoro-Ilychsky reserve. We realized that nature is defenseless against man. In order for the friendship of people and nature to become stronger, I propose to perform a song - a round dance "Children of the whole earth are friends" (invite guests).
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